公开课经典高二虚拟语气详解和练习题

1. 含有条件状语从句的复合句

三 2. wish（would rather）+宾语从句大名宾语从句

suggest（…）+宾语从句

板2. 词性 主 语从句 It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should) +do 虚块从表 语 从句S+is that +s + (should) +do 拟句 同位语从句 S+that +s +(should) +do 语 气 3. 其他句型 It is (high) time that + S + did

用过去式表与现在事实相反

1. 时态后退型 用过去完成式表与过去事实相反

两种形式 用过去将来表将来事实相反

2. should+动词原形型

内 容 详 述

I. 含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语) 时 间 条件状语从句 主 句 与现在事实相反的假If +S+did… S+would/should/could/might+do… 设 与过去事实相反的假If +S+had done… S+would/should/could/might+have 设 done… 与将来事实相反的假did… 设 If+S should do S+would/should/could/might+do… were to do 注意事项：

1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句。

2．错综时间条件句。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。Eg. If I were you, I would have taken his advice.

3．If there weren't…. (与现在事实相反)/had not been +…(与过去事实相反)=without… 4．If it were not for…(与现在事实相反)/ If it hadn't been for(与过去事实相反)…= but for… 5．由as if或as though/If only引导的状语从句时,情况如下：

虚拟情况 谓语动词的虚拟形式 as if/as though/ if only 与过去虚拟 had+过去分词 与现在虚拟 一般过去式（be用were） 与将来虚拟 would/could/might+动词原形 II. 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中

sb. did …(希望现在用过去式)

1. wish+that sb. had done…（希望过去用过去完成式）

sb. would/should do（希望将来用过去将来）

2. would rather后的从句要用虚拟语气。 时 间 从 句 虚拟现在 were, did (动词一般过去式) 虚拟过去 had done 虚拟将来 did (动词一般过去式) 例：I would rather I hadn’t said such unkind things to you. （虚拟过去） I'd rather you came here for the answer tomorrow morning. （虚拟将来）

I’d rather you posted the letter right away. (虚拟现在)

3. suggest+（that）S+should+do…

表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should ＋动词原 形，should常常省略。这类词有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，suggest，recommend，requested， require等。 注意：

1. suggest 当“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气；当“暗示、表明”时，用陈述语气 2. insist 当坚持“看法或建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气；当坚持“某个事实”时，用陈述语气。

判断改错：（错） Your pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.

（对） Your pale face suggests that you are ill.

（错） I insisted that you（should）be wrong. （对） I insisted that you were wrong.

III. 虚拟语气用在主语从句中

It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should加动词原形，should 可省略。注意：it is high time 后的从句也用虚拟语气，从句谓语常用过去式或者should do,但是should不能省略

可用的词有三类 It suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, is requested, insisted等 that （should）important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等 do a pity, a shame, no wonder等 IV．虚拟语气用在同位语从句中。

某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词后同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should) ＋动词原形。

这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal（提议），order， demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation（推荐），plan，resolution（决议）， idea等。 eg. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ( should )be put off． V． 虚拟语气用在表语从句中。

某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，表语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为(should) ＋动词原形。

这类名词常见的有：advice，suggestion，proposal，order， demand，desire，request，requirement，recommendation以及plan，idea，resolution等。

eg. My suggestion is that the mayor (should)present the prizes.

练习题：

一 单选题（30小题）

1.If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie

2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had

3. You did not let me drive. If we ___in turn, you ___ so tired A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get

C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got

4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer

6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it__

A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 7.I insisted __to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing __ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be

C. he go; was D. he should to; is 8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today ---I would rather she ____ me tomorrow than today A. Tells B. Told C. would tell D. had told 9. ---Would you have called her up ? ---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet A. would have taken part in B. took part in

C. had taken part in D. would take part in 11. __the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for

12. If my lawyer ___here last Sunday, he ___ me from going A. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, prevent

D. were, would have prevented

13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam A. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work 14. ____today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leave B. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left

15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now

A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been

16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come 17. He ___busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment. A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped 18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday

A. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climb

C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn’t been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today A. Is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 20. ---I am going to tell her the news

---I would as soon as you _____her about it

A. didn’t tell B. don’t tell C. hadn’t tell D. won’t tell 21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay

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22. It was requested that the play ____again

A. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on 23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately

A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. was sent 24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness ---Yes, but __it A. I’d rather not do B. I’d rather not have done C. I should’ t do D. I’d better not do 25. If only I ___my car

A. hadn’t lost B. wouldn’t lose C. didn’t lose D. haven’t lost 26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth

A. is B. would be C. were D. wouldn’t be 27. I would rather you ___anything about it for the time being A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t

28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own son A. is B. were C. had been D. should be 29. How the old people wish that they ____young once more

A. were B. could become C. had been D. should be 30. It is high time that we __ a meeting to discuss this problem A. hold B. held C. have held D. had held

二 填空题

1. I wish that you ________ （have）such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert

2. My suggestion is that the meeting ________ (put)off till nest Sunday 3. He is talking so much about America as if he ________ (be) there 4. How I wish I ________ (try) to repair the watch! I only made it worse 5. He insisted that we ________ (start)early the next morning 6. If he ____ (follow)my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

7. John went to the hospital alone. If he ____(tell)me about it, I would have gone with him. 8. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he__________ (focus) more on its culture.

9. If we _______ (take)the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. 10. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ____ (save)

三 完成句子

1. Luckily she turned to a native, otherwise she ___________________________ the hotel booked

on the Internet on such a rainy night. (find) 幸好她求助了当地人，不然这样一个雨夜，她不可能找得到在网上预订的那家酒店。 2. They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they_________________________ in the storm.（stuck）

他们出发去那个目的地太晚了，不然的话，就不会困在暴风雨中了。

3.But for you timely encouragement, I_____________________ after going through so much difficulty. (lose)

要不是你及时鼓励，经历这么多的困难之后我早就灰心了。

4. If you can win the game today, __________________to go on a holiday next month． （ allow）

如果今天你赢了这场比赛，下个月就允许你去度假。

5. Had it not been for my respectable teacher Susan, I __________________ in the bright and spacious office now. (sit)

当初如果不是因为我那可敬的老师Susan，此刻我就不会坐在宽敞明亮的办公室里了。 6. Doctors strongly recommend that fathers ____________________ their babies’ birth. (present)

医生们强烈建议，婴儿出生时，父亲应该到场。

7. I’d rather you ________________ these books, and now I can’t find the one I want. (sort) 我宁愿你没有整理这些书，现在我找不到我想要的那本了。

8. If you had set off earlier this morning, you _____________________ the traffic jams. (avoid)

如果今天早上你早点出发的话，你本来可以避免交通堵塞的。

9.We expressed our grateful thanks to the local council, without whose help this meeting __________________ on time. ( hold )

我们非常感激当地的市政会，没有他们的帮忙，这次会议就不可能准时举行。 10. The weather is hotter and hotter; I would rather that ________________winter now. (be) 天气愈来愈热，我宁愿现在是冬天。 答案

一 单选题1-5 C B D B C 6-10 C C B A A 11-12 D A B A C

16-20 D B C D A 21-25 DC C B A 26-30 B B A B B

二 填空题

1. hadn’t had 2. be put 3. was 4. hadn’t tried 5. start 6.had followed 7.had told 8.focused 9.had taken 10.would have been saved

三 完成句子

1. couldn’t/wouldn’t have found 2. wouldn’t have been stuck 3. would have lost heart 4. you will be allowed 5. wouldn’t be sitting 6.(should) be present at

7.hadn’t sorted out 8.could have avoided 9. couldn’t have been held10. it were/was

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