06 阅读理解“干扰项”综合运用试题- 高考二轮复习英语阅读理解“干扰项”专项突破讲义

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[06] 阅读理解“干扰项”综合运用试题

（含译文与解析）

下面是阅读干扰项理论的实际运用。请大家结合具体试题更加深入透彻地理解阅读干扰项理论。

Passage 1：

From the very beginning, Martin felt that he was bound up with（与……紧紧地在一起）his lovely little patient. One day, following some tests , Betty gave the doctor a big hug（拥抱）.

A few months later the doctor removed not only the tumour（肿瘤）, but also the entire lower left side of Betty’s gum（牙龈）and jawbone. Because Betty was so young, Martin was hopeful that her jawbone might regenerate.

Within three months, Betty’s tumour grew as large as an orange, changing the natural appearance of the left side of her small, delicate （ = thin; not strong）face. Soon she couldn’t even close her mouth, and as her eating problems worsened, Betty ‘s weight dropped from 20 kilos to 15. Martin knew from experience that it might invade the brain.

The only other possibility was thorough radiation therapy （放射疗法）. Night after night, Betty's father gave her injection, but the tumour remained as big as ever. Then one evening. Morgan noticed that the tumour had begun to change. It was actually becoming smaller! For two months her tumour appeared to be going away for ever. In the coming months, Betty’s tumour continued to disappear. She was able to eat solid food once again. Her jawbone was regenerating. The tumour was gone.

1．What do you think the underlined word “regenerate” means? It means “________”.

A. lose one’s life B. give a new life to C. be made by hand

D. pass on from one generation to another

2．If Betty’s jawbone didn’t regenerate, the doctors ________ . A. would rebuild her jaw B. would continue the treatment C. would use new medicine D. could do nothing else

3．What did the doctors do two months later? A. They continued their observations. B. They gave up the operation on Betty.

C. They found out what caused Betty’s strange disease. D. They declared that Betty’s strange disease was cured.

译文：

起初，Martin感觉到他和他可爱的病人们紧紧地在一起。一天，经过一系列的检查之后，Betty和医生紧紧地拥抱在一起。

几个月后，医生不仅移走了病人的肿瘤，并且还移去了Betty在下半部分的牙龈和下颌骨。因为Betty还很年轻。Martin对她可能再长出下颌骨充满希望。

在三个月的时间内Betty的肿瘤长成了桔子那么大。同时改变了她左边瘦小的原本脸型。不久以后，她甚至不能合扰自己的嘴。她的吃饭问题更加严重。Betty的体重从20千克降到了15千克。

Martin据经验知道肿瘤可能入侵大脑。

治疗的唯一方法就是放射疗法。夜复一夜。Betty的父亲给她注射。但肿瘤仍和以前一样大。直到一天晚上，martin发现肿瘤开始变化。它真的变小了！两个月的时间，肿瘤看起来永远消失了。在以后的日子里，Betty的肿瘤继续消失。她能够再次吃一些固体食物。她的下颌骨也生长出来了，肿瘤消失了。

答案：1－3 BDB 干扰项分析：

1、题干：你认为带下划线的词“regenerate”是什么意思？它的意思是______。

猜测词义题。A和C选项是错误的，下文信息干扰项。D选项是构词法干扰项。由第二段中的removed（去除）一词，可知，下颌骨被移除之后，自己也会再生。A和C选项没有文中的支持信息。D选项是望词生义的错误解释。regenerate意为：使再生；使恢复；使提高。

2、题干：如果贝蒂的下颌不再生，医生们__________。

推理判断题。A和C选项是错误逻辑干扰题。B选项是偏离主题干扰项。由短文第二段最后一句可知：下颚骨的再生只能依靠病人自己。

由医生满怀希望可知：医生对贝蒂的下颌骨的再生寄希望于贝蒂自身，而并非是依靠外界的手段。A选项（重选造他的下颌骨）和C选项（用新的药物）都是外界的手段。B选项（将继续治疗）与题干没有对应关系。

对于题干中的问题，应回答是靠自身还是靠外界手段来长出下颌骨，而并非是医生继续治疗是终止治疗。

3、题干：两个月后医生们做了什么？ 。

细节理解题。A选项是凭空想像干扰项。C选项是常识推理干扰项；D选项旁敲侧击干扰项。最后一段可知：最后医生采用了放射疗法，而放弃了手术疗法。A选项（他们继续他们的观察）在文中没有任何相关信息。C选项（他们查明了引起贝蒂奇怪疗病的原因）是读者依据自己的常识作出的推理判断，文中只谈到医生最终治好了贝蒂的病，而并没有谈到医生找到了贝蒂的病因。D选项的回答不够准确。贝蒂奇怪的病最终确实被治好了，但文中并没有谈到医生们对此事进行了宣布。

Passage 2：

Everyone has got two personalities—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real．You don't show your secret personality when you're awake because you can control your behaviour，but when you're asleep， your sleeping position shows the real you．In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their position．The important position is the one that you go to sleep in．

If you go to sleep on your back，you're a very open person．You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas．You don't like to upset people，so you never express your real feelings．You're quite shy and you aren't very confident．

If you sleep on your stomach，you are a rather secretive（不坦率的）person．You worry a lot and you're always easily upset．You're very stubborn（顽固的），but you aren't very ambitious．You usually live for today not for tomorrow．This means that you enjoy having a good time．

If you sleep curled up（卷曲），you are probably a very nervous person．You have a low opinion of yourself and so you're often defensive．You're shy and you don't normally like meeting people．You prefer to be on your own．You're easily hurt．

If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a well-balanced personality．You know your strengths and weaknesses．You're usually careful． You have a confident personality．You sometimes feel anxious，but you don't often get depressed．You always say what you think even if it annoys people．

1．According to the writer，you naturally show your secret and real personality _____.

A．only in a normal night B．only when you go to sleep

C．only when you refuse to show yourself to the world D．only when you change sleeping position

2．Which is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph about a person's personality？

A．He or she is always open with others．

B．He or she always likes new ideas earlier than others． C．He or she is always easily upset． D．He or she tends to believe in others．

3．Point out which sentence is used to show the personality of a person who is used to sleeping on his or her stomach？

A．He or she is careful not to offend others．

B．He or she doesn't want to stick to his or her opinion．

C．He or she can't be successful in any business． D．He or she likes to bring others happiness．

4．Maybe you don't want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up．Why？

A．He or she would rather be alone than communicate with you． B．He or she is rarely ready to help you．

C．He or she prefers staying at home to going out． D．He or she wouldn't like to get help from you．

5．It appears that the writer tends to think highly of the person who sleeps on one side because ______ ．

A．he or she always shows sympathy for people B．he or she is confident，but not stubborn C．he or she has more strengths than weaknesses D. he or she often considers annoying people 译文：

每个人都拥有两种人格——一种是向世人展示出来的；另一种则是隐蔽而真实的。当你醒着时你不会表现出那个秘密的人格是因为你在控制着自己的行为。不过一旦你睡着了，你睡觉的姿势就会暴露出那个真正的你。当然，在一个平常的晚上，人们会频繁地改变他们的姿势。但最重要的是你入睡的姿势。

如果你仰面朝天地躺着入睡的话，这就说明你是个非常开放的人。你通常都信任别人，而且你很容易被时尚和新思想影响。你不愿让别人感到不快，所以你从不会表达出你真正的感觉。你很害羞而且不太自信。

如果你趴着入睡，那么你是一个相当不坦率的人，你太爱操心而且容易感到不安。你很固执但没有雄心。你是一个现实的人，这意味着你享受美好时光。

如果你卷曲着身子入睡，你可能是一个很容易紧张的人，你对自己没自信所以总是处于提防别人的状态下。你很害羞，平常不爱和别人见面，你平时更愿意自己做事，而且很容易被伤害。

如果你侧着身子睡觉，这说明你有一个很平衡的人格。你很清楚自己的实力和弱点，你很细心而且很自信。你有时候感到焦虑，但不经常沮丧，你直言进谏尽管你的话会让人生气。

如果不打开病人身体内部，你怎样找出病人体内出现什么问题呢？一般X射线可以展示给我们很多。CAT扫描仪可以显示更多。它们都可以显示出身体器官的三维立体图形。

什么是CAT扫描仪呢？CAT全称为层面X线照相技术。它是一个可以照到病人体内一个很小的部分的各个方位的特殊X光仪器。

医生用X光来研究和诊查体内的疾病和受伤部位。X射线可以找出人体内部的异物或者如果器官上有一些特殊物体附着，像染色体和一些特殊液体等。通过X射线检查，可以拍摄出他们的照片。

然而，CAT扫描仪是用一束X光束摄影出体内特殊部位的剖面视图。一束好的光束穿过人体内部扫描并且从不同角度对病人进行环境性检查。然后计算机再从不同角度分析所得信息而在屏幕上产生一个清晰的剖面图。这个图片可以留作以后使用。一些剖面图是一个接一个照下来的。可以显示身体的完整图片。或任何器官的完整图像。最新的CAT扫描仪甚至能显示移动的具有放射性器官的图片。就像一个快速照相机可以将器官运转在相机上瞬间停止。从而给出显现的不清楚的器官的图片。360度全方位图片，曾经只用在外科和验尸的方面，CAT扫描仪利用它展示出器官的三维立体图。

答案：1－5 BCCAB 干扰项分析：

1、题干：根据作者所说的，你在_____时候，自然地表现出你隐蔽、真实的性格。

细节理解题。A和D选项是旁敲侧击干扰项，由本文第一段最后两句（在一个正常的夜晚，当然，人们经常改变他们的睡姿。重要的睡姿是你入睡时的姿势。）可知个人性格会由入睡时的姿势展示出来，（B选项），而并不是在整个正常的晚上；（C选项），也不是当你改变睡姿时；（D选项）。C选项是凭空想象干扰项，该选项在文中找不到相关细节信息支持。根据第一段末 The important position is the one that you go to sleep in可知答案。

2、题干：在第2段所谈到关于一个人性格的说法下列哪一个没有提到？

细节理解题。A、B和D选项都是文不对题干扰项。这三个选项都可以在第2段中很容易找到细节支持，所以这三项的说法都是正确的，不符合题干要求，本文第2段中的“You don’t like to upset people”（你不愿意打扰别人）和C选项（他或她总是很容易烦恼）意思相差很远，故C选项说法错误，符合题干。

3、题干：批出下列哪一个句子用来展示一个习惯于趴着睡觉的人的性格。

深层含义题。A、B和D选项都是脱离话题干扰项。它们都与题干没有对应关系。第三段第4句You usually live for today not for tomorrow 表明，这种人目光短浅、得过且过，难有建树。故选择C。

4、题干：也许你不想和卷曲着身体睡觉的人交朋友。为什么？ 细节理解。该题干可转换为：卷曲着身体睡觉的人有什么不好的性格？

B、C和D选项都是文不对题干扰项。这三个选项都与题干没有对应关系。根据第四段，此种人属于神经质内向型，很难相处。故选择A。

5、题干：作者看起来倾向于对侧着身子睡觉的人评价很高，这是因为________。

细节理解题。该题干可转换为：侧着身子睡觉的人有何良好性格特点？

A、C和D选项都是对题干扰项，这三个选项都与题干没有对应关系。根据第五段，此种人心理素质好，清楚地知道自己的优缺点。坚持正确的主张不是固执。故选择B。

Passage 3：

The impression you make at the beginning of an interview is very important. Employers often decide to hire someone in the first three minutes of the interview. They judge you by your appearance，attitude(态度)and manners.

A friendly smile when you walk into the room is important. A smile shows a confident（自信的） and positive attitude.

When you introduce yourself， make eye contact with the interviewer. Some interviewers offer a handshake. Others don’t.

Try to be as natural as possible. But pay attention to your body language. The way you sit，walk，gesture，use your voice and show feelings on your face is all part of your body language. It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in. Are you feeling positively about yourself? Your abilities? Your interest in the job?

Speak clearly and loudly enough. Show interest and enthusiasm in your voice. When you speak， look at the interviewer. Also， don’t say negative things about yourself， or former employer.

Listen to questions carefully. If you don’t understand a question， ask the interviewer to repeat or explain：

“I’m sorry， but I didn’t catch that.” “I’m not sure exactly what you mean.”

Almost everyone is nervous in a job interview. Interviewers know that. They don’t expect you to be totally calm and relaxed. But they expect you to try to control your nervousness. They expect you to show confidence in your ability to do the job.

At the end of the interview， thank the interviewer for her or his time. It’s a good idea to send a short thank-you letter right after the interview， or deliver it by hand.

Phone the company if you have not heard anything after one week. Ask if they have made a decision about the job.

Good luck！

1. It can be inferred from the passage that __ ____.

A. you should always put on a smile when meeting the employer B. you should stand still with respect before the employer C. the first impression is very important in an interview D. employers understand and like employees’ nervousness

2. Why should we pay attention to our body language?

A. Because it can help us win the employer’s positive impression. B. Because it can help us feel about the employer. C. Because it is needed by our employer. D. Because we need it to improve our feelings. 3. The main purpose of the passage is _ _____. A. to give you some advice on the art of finding a job B. to tell right from wrong about job interviews

C. to explain why we should do something about an interview D. to suggest not being shy in an interview

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. A Friendly Smile B. Making a Good Expression C. Don’t Be Nervous

D. Sending a Thank-You Letter 译文：

在面试时你留下的第一印象是非常重要的。雇主经常在面试的前3分钟决定雇佣某人，他们通过你的外表、态度、礼貌来评价你。

当你走进房间时，友好的笑很重要，笑显示了你自信、积极的态度。当你自我介绍时，眼睛看着面试考官。有的面试考官会主动和你握手，有的则不会。

试着尽可能的自然些，但要注意你的肢体语言，你的坐姿，走姿，手势，说话的方式。和表现脸部表情的方式，全部是肢体语言。它使面试考官知道你对自己感觉怎样和你的处境如何。你自己的感觉是积极的吗？你的能力呢？你对工作的兴趣呢？

讲话时要足够的清晰，声音要足够大，在你的声音中展示出你的兴趣和热情。当你说话的时候，看着面试考官，同时不要说一些关于你自己的消极的事情和以前的雇主。

认真地听问题，如果你有一个问题不明白让这个面试考官重复一遍或解释一下。

“对不起，我不能跟上你说的话。” “我不完全确定你说的是什么意思。”

几乎所有的人在求职面试时都非常紧张。面试考官知道这个，他们不希望你完全平静和放松，但是他们希望你尽最大的努力去控制你的紧张。他们希望你展示出你对工作能胜任的自信。

在面试的最后，感谢面试考官和你度过了这段时间。

在面试过后寄一封感谢信是一个好主意，或者亲手投递给他。 如果你在一星期后没有任何消息给公司打电话，问一下他们是否决定了这个工作！

好运

答案：1－4 CAAB

干扰项分析：

1、题干：从文中可以推测出________。

推理判断题。A选项是错误逻辑干扰项。本文第二段第1句意为“当你走进房间时，友好的笑是很重要的。”这并不能推测出“当和雇主见面时，你应一直保持笑容”（A选项）。B选项是偏离主题干扰项，文中没有涉及与B选项相关的内容。D选项是错误逻辑干扰项，由本文倒数第4段中的“But they expect you to try to control your nervousness.”（但是，他们期望你努力控制你的紧张。）可知，D选项是逻辑错误的推断。由第1段可知：面试时第一印象很重要。故选择C。

2、题干：我们为什么应该注意我们的身体语言？

深层含义题。B和D选项都是表面意思干扰项；C选项是一时感觉干扰项。根据第四段第4句 It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in。故选择A。

3、题干：这篇文章的主要目的是________。

深层含义题。B选项是浓度不够干扰项；C选项是表面意思干扰项；D选项是一时感觉干扰项。本文向参加面试者提出一些忠告及建议，但也不能说这些做法对，而别的做法是错的。故选择A。

4、题干：下面哪一个是文章的最佳标题？

主旨大意题。A、C和D选项都是帽小干扰项。文章讲，在面试时如何在言行、举止上给对方留下好印象；选项A、C、D仅是其中的一些措施。故选择B。