英语学习讲义
【精准解析】高三英语日积月累训练之完形填空（中等难度）183
【题文】
An art program is helping students at some of the lowest performing schools in the United States.
On June 8，much of the world ___21___ the United Nations World Oceans Day. The idea is to remind people how important the world’s oceans are to all life on Earth, to celebrate their beauty, and to bring attention to the ___22___ human activity has on the oceans.
This year, the theme is “Our Oceans, Our Future,” with special emphasis on finding solutions to plastic pollution, and ___23___ marine litter for a healthier ocean and a better future. The world's oceans ___24___ nearly three fourths of the Earth's surface, and contain 97 percent of our planet’s water. They produce over half of our oxygen，help regulate our climate, absorb carbon dioxide，and support the greatest ___25___ of life on our planet.
Nearly half of all species on Earth depend on the oceans for survival, and for many of the rest, including people, the oceans ___26___ the quality of life.
The oceans are also ___27___ to the world’s economy, because they are key to transportation and recreation. As over 95 percent of the underwater area remains unexplored, it is nearly a ___28___ that their depths may hold the cure to many a disease, the ___29___ to many a problem.
And yet, as much as 40 percent of the world’s oceans are ___30___ affected by human activities that result in pollution, over-fishing, and loss of coastal habitats. Of particular ___31___ is plastic 只要坚持 梦想终会实现
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英语学习讲义
garbage. Some of it comes from ships that use our rivers, lakes and seas, and eventually ___32___ into the ocean. But about 8 million metric tons of plastic waste washes off land into the ocean each year.
Once there, it begins to ___33___ until it turns into small fragments known as micro-plastics. Plastics are a serious threat, because they degrade very slowly, trap sea creatures, damage habitats like coral reefs, and are ___34___ by marine animals. Researchers have documented the impacts of plastic on over 650 different marine species—including sea turtles, seals, whales, dolphins，porpoises, seabirds, and fish.
On World Oceans Day, we must remember that the health and safety of our oceans is our collective ___35___，one that we cannot afford to neglect. Only through good stewardship can we safeguard the health of our oceans, and ensure that the oceans continue to meet the needs of future generations.
21. A. makes B. observes C. watches D. establishes
22. A. impact B. energy C. effort D. attempt
23. A. promoting B. defending C. preventing D. protecting
24. A. carry B. wrap C. involve D. cover
25. A. abundance B. effect C. influence D. feature
26. A. destroy B. improve
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C. damage D. spoil
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英语学习讲义
27. A. accessible B. indispensable C. harmful D. available
28. A. certainty B. doubt C. phenomenon D. symptom
29. A. revolution B. contribution C. resolution D. distribution
30. A. hardly B. barely C. nearly D. heavily
31. A. importance B. concern C. value D. priority
32. A. makes its way B. loses its way C. fights its way D. goes its own way
33. A. break out B. break down C. break into D. break through
34. A. digested B. disliked C. enjoyed D. swallowed
35. A. source B. resource C. responsibility D. wealth
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了今年世界海洋日的主题以及严重威胁海洋健康的塑料污染问题。
【21题详解】
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英语学习讲义
考查动词词义辨析。句意：6月8日，世界上许多国家都在庆祝联合国世界海洋日（6月8日是联合国世界海洋日）。A. makes制作；B. observes 庆祝；C. watches观看；D. establishes建立。根据本空后的“the United Nations World Oceans Day”可知，6月8日，世界上许多国家都在庆祝联合国世界海洋日，故B项正确。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这节日是为了提醒人们世界上的海洋对地球上所有的生命是多么重要，来庆祝它们的美丽，并引起人们对人类活动对海洋的影响的关注。A. impact 影响；B. energy能量；C. effort努力；D. attempt尝试。have impact on表示“对……有影响”，故A项正确。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年的主题是“我们的海洋，我们的未来”，特别强调寻找塑料污染的解决方案，为了更健康的海洋和更美好的未来防止海洋垃圾。A. promoting提升；B. defending防卫；C. preventing防止、阻止；D. protecting保护。根据本空后的“marine litter for a healthier ocean and a better future.”可知，此处是说为了更健康的海洋和更美好的未来防止海洋垃圾，故C项正确。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界上的海洋几乎占地球表面的四分之三。A. carry搬运；B. wrap缠绕；C. involve包含；D. cover覆盖、占……大面积。根据本空后的“nearly three fourths of the Earth's surface”可知，海洋几乎占地球表面的四分之三，故D项正确。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们产生我们所需的一半以上的氧气，帮助调节我们的气候，吸收二氧化碳，
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英语学习讲义
支持我们星球上大量的生命。A. abundance丰富、大量；B. effect效果；C. influence影响；D. feature特征。根据常识可知，地球上的很多生命依靠海洋生存，abundance of表示“许许多多的”，故A项正确。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：地球上近一半的物种依靠海洋生存，而对包括人类在内的许多其他物种来说，海洋改善了生活质量。A. destroy破坏；B. improve改善、改进；C. damage损害；D. spoil掠夺。根据空后的“the quality of life”可知，海洋改善了包括人类在内的许多其他物种的生活质量，故B项正确。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：海洋对世界经济也是不可或缺的，因为它们是交通和娱乐的关键。A. accessible可进入的；B. indispensable绝对必要的、不可或缺的；C. harmful有害的；D. available可得到的。根据空后的原因可知，海洋对世界经济也是不可或缺的，故B项正确。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于95%以上的水下区域仍未被探索，几乎可以肯定的是，它们的深处蕴藏着许多疾病的治疗方法和许多问题的解决方法。A. certainty必然；B. doubt疑问；C. phenomenon现象；D. symptom症状。因为有那么广阔的区域还未被探索，所以几乎可以肯定海洋深处蕴藏着许多疾病的治疗方法和许多问题的解决方法，故A项正确。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. revolution；B. contribution贡献； C. resolution解决、决议；D. distribution分配。resolution to表示“……的解决办法”，故C项正确。
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英语学习讲义
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，世界上多达40%的海洋受到人类活动的严重影响，这些活动导致污染、过度捕捞和沿海栖息地的丧失。A. hardly 几乎不；B. barely仅仅；C. nearly将近；D. heavily严重地。根据本空后的“affected by human activities that result in pollution, over-fishing, and loss of coastal habitats”可知，海洋受到人类活动的严重影响，故D项正确。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：特别令人关注的是塑料垃圾。A. importance重要性；B. concern担心、关注；C. value价值；D. priority优先。上文说人类活动给海洋带来了很多问题，特别令人关注的是塑料垃圾，Of particular concern表示“特别值得关注的是”，故B项正确。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：其中一些塑料垃圾来自使用我们的河流、湖泊和海洋的船只，并最终进入海洋。A. makes its way into进入；B. loses its way迷路；C. fights its way奋力前进；D. goes its own way独自行动。上文说塑料垃圾是最令人关注的海洋污染问题，此处指塑料垃圾进入海洋，故A项正确。
33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦进入海洋，它就开始分解，直到变成被称为微塑料的小碎片。A. break out爆发；B. break down分解；C. break into闯入；D. break through突破。根据空后的“until it turns into small fragments known as micro-plastics”可知，进入海洋后，塑料垃圾就开始分解，故B项正确，
【34题详解】
只要坚持 梦想终会实现
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英语学习讲义
考查动词词义辨析。句意：塑料是一个严重的威胁，因为它们降解非常缓慢，会困住海洋生物，破坏珊瑚礁等栖息地，并被海洋动物吞食。A. digested消化；B. disliked不喜欢；C. enjoyed喜欢； D. swallowed吞下。根据空后的“by marine animals”可知，塑料会被海洋动物吞食，故D项正确。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须牢记，（保护）海洋的健康和安全是我们所有人的责任。A. source 来源；B. resource资源；C. responsibility责任；D. wealth财富。海洋对地球上的生物非常重要，所以保护海洋的健康和安全是我们每个人的责任，故C项正确。
【标题】上海市2019年高考模拟试题9英语试题
【结束】
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