专业英语四级模拟试卷5(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级模拟试卷5 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE 4. CLOZE 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITING

PART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.

1．

正确答案： The Functions of the Family The family fulfills a number of roles, / such as providing education and recreational activities. / Yet there are several major functions performed by the family. / First, unlike the young of animals, / human infants need constant care and economic security. / In all cultures, the family assumes ultimate responsibility for the protection of children. / Second, parents monitor a child’s behavior / and transmit the values and language of a culture to the child. / Third, ideally, the family provides members with warm and intimate relationships / and helps them to feel satisfied and secure.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION

SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.

听力原文： Health & Fitness Centre Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Fiona O’Dell. I’d like to take a few minutes to tell you about our new health and fitness centre. Well, the centre’s not far from you. (1)It’s at the corner of Marion Street and Giles Street. It’s open everyday of the week, (2)opening on weekdays at 6am and at 9am at the weekends. It closes at 9:30pm Monday to Friday and on Saturday at 4pm and (3)Sunday at 2pm. Talking of classes we have a very wide range which are designed to suit all different levels of fitness and individual needs. I mentioned the pool just now; well in addition to swimming laps or just relaxing we also offer aqua aerobic classes, which are 45 minutes classes that use the therapeutic effects of water. (4)This provides a very safe and effective exercise and is suitable for all fitness levels, as well as being a lot of fun. Many people who haven’t been exercising for a while start in the aqua classes, as do people who need to take

care after hospital surgery for example. These classes are very popular and are scheduled every weekday, Monday to Friday and on Saturday afternoon and Sunday morning. Another very popular activity in the pool area is learning to swim, (5)and these swimming classes are held at 4 pm on every weekday and in the morning at the weekend. By the way they’re open to both adults and children of any age. Now it would take too much of your time to tell you in detail about all our programs, and I’ll just outline some of them. Our super-circuit classes are extremely popular and you get a good aerobic workout while toning your muscles. (6)They’re easy to learn, as you combine using hydraulic equipment with exercises guaranteed to give you a good cardio workout. Oh, I haven’t mentioned our range of aerobic and step classes of different types which suit all levels. Our specially designed aerobics room holds over 55 people, and our highly qualified and trained staff can advise you as to which class might suit you. By the way there is also a large and very well equipped gym, (7)where we offer free fitness assessments and you can have an individual program designed just for you. Also the cardiovascular room has the latest range of machines which help you burn fat, increase your fitness or just warm up. They’re very popular as you can forget all about the calorie burning by (8)watching your favourite music videos on TV while you exercise! Right now we have a very special new member joining fee offer, which allows two memberships for the price of one, a real bargain! So if you can, bring along a friend who’d like to get fit as well, in time for summer. Come along and try us out. You can meet the staff, (9)try out some of the classes for a week, absolutely free, (10)and then if you like us sign up for only $10 each for six months. Thanks for taking the time to learn about the centre and I hope we’ll see you there soon.

Health & Fitness Centre1. LocationLocated at the【T1】______ of Marion Street and Giles Street. 【T1】______2. Business hoursMonday - Friday:【T2】______am to 9:30 pm 【T2】______Saturday: 9:00 am to 4:00 pmSunday: 9:00 am t【T3】______【T3】______3. Wet AreaAqua aerobic classes【T4】______for all levels【T4】______【T5】______ lessons on weekday afternoons and weekend mornings【T5】______4. Super circuit classesSuper circuit classes are easy to【T6】______【T6】______5. Aerobic & step classesAerobics room holds over 55 participants.6. Large well-equipped gymHave a personal fitness assessmentHave a personal【T7】______to suit you. 【T7】______7. Cardio-vascular roomUse the treadmills, bikes and steppers to burn fat, increase fitness, warm up.Watch your favourite【T8】______while you exercise. 【T8】______8. FeesTwo for one special membership:【T9】______class trial offer. 【T9】______Only $10 each for【T10】______! 【T10】______

2． 【T1】

正确答案：corner

解析：本题与健身中心的位置有关。录音提到，该健身中心位于Marion街和Giles街的转角处，空格后为of Marion Street and Giles Street，因此空格应填入表示“转角”的corner。

3． 【T2】

正确答案：6am 解析：本题与周一至周五的开业时间有关。周一至周五即为录音中的工作日(weekdays)，录音提到，工作日的开业时间为早上6点，因此答案为6am。

4． 【T3】

正确答案：2pm

解析：本题与周日停止营业的时间有关，录音提到，周日停止营业的时间为下午2点，因此答案为2pm。

5． 【T4】

正确答案：suitable

解析：本题与水下有氧运动适合群体有关。录音提到，水下有氧运动课程为45分钟课程，提供了安全有效的锻炼，适合(suitable for)各个水平的人群，因此空格只需要填入suitable即可。

6． 【T5】

正确答案：swimming

解析：本题与在工作日下午和周末早上进行的某课程相关。录音提到，游泳课是在工作日下午4点和周末早上进行。因此应填入swimming。

7． 【T6】

正确答案：learn

解析：本题与Super circuit classes有关。录音提到，Super circuit classes很容易学会，因此答案为learn。

8． 【T7】

正确答案：program

解析：本题与设施完备的健身房有关。录音提及，在这些设施完备的健身房中，提供了健身的自我评估，以及适合你个人的项目。上面已经有自我评估，而空格前的personal对应录音的individual，因此空格应填入program。

9． 【T8】

正确答案：music videos

解析：本题与心血管健身房相关。录音提到，在心血管健身房中，你在锻炼的时候，可以在电视上看喜爱的音乐视频。因此空格填入music videos。

10． 【T9】

正确答案：A week

解析：本题与体验课程有关。录音提到，你可以尝试一周课程，完全免费。空格后已经有class trial offer，因此空格填入A week．

11． 【T10】

正确答案：half a year/6 months

解析：本题与每人10美元能锻炼多久有关。录音提到，每个人只需要10美元，就可以锻炼6个月，因此可把6个月同义表达为half a year或照搬录音的6 months。

SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A], [B], [C] and [D], and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.

听力原文：M: Shanika, thanks for joining us today!W: My pleasure.M: First of all, I’d like to ask you, (1)what’s the traditional clothing of Sri Lanka?W: Well, for women it’s the sari. It’s a long piece of cloth that’s wrapped around your waist and then it goes over your shoulder. M: Do most women in Sri Lanka wear saris?W: Most of the older women wear sari every day. The younger women tend to wear dresses or pants or something. M: Why don’t the younger women wear saris?W: Well, I guess some of them feel that (2)saris are hot and difficult to walk in because they are long. M: Sounds like saris are not very practical.W: Some people feel that way. Also, many younger women think saris are old-fashioned. M: So younger women want to be more modern. W: Actually, I shouldn’t say all younger women. (3)It depends on your family history. You see, there are two main groups of people in Sri Lanka: the Sinhalese and Tamils. Then there are some other ethnic groups, like the Sri Lankans, who are part European. The women who are part European tend to wear Western clothing because they have relatives who wear Western clothing. But the women who are Sinhalese or Tamil tend to be more traditional. M: Because they didn’t have that Western influence? W: Right!M: We’ve been talking about what the women wear. How about men? Do they have traditional clothing? W: The men, I guess, used to wear a sarong. It’s a long piece of cloth that’s wrapped around the waist. M: You say “used to.” Do they wear them anymore? W: People who live in the countryside still wear sarongs. But in the city, men wear pants and shirts. (4)They only wear sarongs to relax at home. M: Interesting! Can I switch gears and ask you some personal questions? W: Sure!M: Is traditional clothing important to you? W: It’s funny, because when I was a kid and growing up in Sri Lanka, I didn’t want to wear saris. But now

that I’m older, I like to wear them sometimes. M: Why has your attitude changed, do you think? W: I guess (5)when you are older you can see the value in it more. When you are younger, you are more interested in being a style, wearing Levis and stuff like that. Now I think about saris as something unique from my culture. It’s nice to have something different to wear, and in the U.S., a sari is really exotic. M: It certainly is! Well, unfortunately, our time’s up. Thanks for talking with us, Shanika. W: You are welcome.1. What’s the main topic of this conversation?2. Why don’t the young women wear Saris in Sri Lanka according to Shanika?3. According to the conversation, what affects the way people dress in Sri Lanka?4. What can we learn about men’s clothing in Sri Lanka?5. Why has the woman’s attitude towards clothing changed?

12．

A．Dressing styles throughout the world. B．A journey to Sri Lanka in South Asia. C．Life of a Sri Lankan woman. D．Traditional dress in Sri Lanka.

正确答案：D

解析：①由选项中的dressing styles，Sri Lanka，Saris，wear等关键词可知对话应与斯里兰卡的衣着相关。②对话开头，男士问女士斯里兰卡的传统服装是什么，接着他们就这个进行了对话，由此可知对话的主题是D“斯里兰卡的传统服装”。对话没有讨论其他国家，A“全世界的着装风格”不对。B“到南亚斯里兰卡的旅程”和C“一位斯里兰卡女性的生活”都不是对话主题。

13．

A．Saris are practical. B．Saris are fashionable. C．Saris are not cheap.

D．Saris are difficult to walk in.

正确答案：D

解析：①选项都以Saris开头，问题与纱丽这种服装的特性相关。②对话中男士问Shanika，年轻女性为什么不穿纱丽，Shanika回答说纱丽很热且很难行走，由此选D“很难行走”。A“实用”和B“时尚”都与对话中相反；对话没有提到纱丽的价格，C“不便宜”不对。

14．

A．Education.

B．Family background. C．Friends people make.

D．Countries they have been to.

正确答案：B

解析：本题问什么影响了斯里兰卡人们的穿着方式。对话中Shanika提到这

取决于家庭历史(depends on your family history)，接着举例说明。B项Family background“家庭背景”是family history的同义表达，故正确。

15．

A．Men in the countryside don’t wear a sarong. B．Men in the city wear sarongs to relax at home. C．Men wear pants and shirts now, never sarongs. D．Men wear sarongs only on formal occasions.

正确答案：B 解析：①选项都以Men开头，由共有的wear可知问题应与男性的穿着相关。②对话提到，男性过去穿纱笼(sarong)，现在农村人还穿，但城里人穿裤子和衬衫，他们只在家里休息时穿纱笼。由此可知B“城里的男性在家休息时穿纱笼”符合对话。A“农村的男性不穿纱笼”、C“男性现在穿裤子和衬衫，不穿纱笼”和D“男性只在正式场合穿纱笼”都与原文不符。

16．

A．Because she sees more value in saris. B．Because she has married an American. C．Because she wants to be in style.

D．Because she likes to appear really exotic.

正确答案：A

解析：①选项都是because开头，因此本题问原因。②对话最后男士问女士，为何她的衣着态度发生了转变。女士回答：随着年岁增长，看到了纱丽的更多内在价值。A项sees more value in saris与see the value in it more意思一致，为答案。B“她嫁了个美国人”、C“她想要时髦”和D“喜欢显得有异国风情”都与女士的态度转变无关。

听力原文：W: Hello, John, what can I do for you?M: Well, I heard about these counselling sessions from a friend doing a science course and I was really interested. I think they should be compulsory really. W: Well, to be quite honest, John, (6)I think they would be useful for everybody but well, everybody has their own way of going about things. (6)I prefer people just to drop in when they can. M: Yes. W: I find that talking to students about the requirements of a course helps to clarify what needs to be done. I mean the biggest difference between college and school is that (7)new college students really have to do a lot of work on their own, and it’s sometimes useful to get advice on how to take control of your time and work effectively. M: Yes. I mean, it seems like a very light workload until assignment time comes and then I seem to be working all night sometimes. I’m not the only one. It’s ridiculous. (8)The resource centre is very good but it closes so early. It’s a real problem for me. W: Well, you’re certainly not the only person in that position, as I’m sure you’ve found. It really comes down to (9)using every available hour in a systematic way. If you do this with a plan, then you’ll find you still have time for yourself and your hobbies as well. M:

Yeah. I’ve heard from Thomas that you made him a sort of plan like this, and he’s going away for the weekend with all his work handed in, whereas I haven’t even started. W: (10)I need to find out a few more things about you first. What are your main problems? M: Well, what most concerns me is I’m still not doing very well in my assignments. W: Well, I know that you plan your writing carefully, but this can come to nothing if the assignment doesn’t answer the question. That really is the key. You must read the question carefully and give it a great deal of thought before you even start planning or writing your first draft. It’s also vital to check your work for errors. Everybody makes them, and they can influence the person marking the work. M: As far as listening is concerned, I find it hard to keep up sometimes in lectures, especially two-hour ones. I sometimes just seem to go off into a dream. W: It’s a good idea to find out from your lecturers if they don’t mind you recording the lectures. A second listening can really clarify things. Something else you can do is check your notes with a friend after the lecture. M: Yes, that’s a good idea. Thanks.6. What do we learn about these counselling sessions from the woman?7. What do new students have to do according to the woman?8. What does John say about the resource centre?9. What is the woman’s suggestion to John?10. What does the woman need to do before being able to help John?

17．

A．They are compulsory.

B．They are available to any student. C．They are interesting.

D．They are for science students only.

正确答案：B

解析：①根据选项中的compulsory，student，interesting可知对话与学生的课程相关。②女士指出咨询课程对每个人都很有用，并希望大家有空就可以来参加，由此推断这些sessions应该是面向所有学生的，所以B项为答案。A“必修的”和C“有趣的”是男士的看法，D“它们只适用于理科学生”与录音信息相反。

18．

A．Spend more time on the college premises. B．Get used to working independently. C．Work harder than they did at school. D．Understand the requirements of courses.

正确答案：B 解析：女士提到大学生新生需要完成好多工作，B项independently与录音中on their own同义，故正确。A“花费更多的时间”、C“比他们在中学时更努力”和D“明白课程的要求”都与对话不符。

19．

A．It has limited opening hours.

B．It has too few resources. C．It gets too crowded. D．It opens too late.

正确答案：A

解析：男士抱怨虽然resource centre资源丰富，但关门时间很早，故A“有限的开放时间”正确，是对closes so early的同义替换。B”资源太少”、C“人太多”和D“太晚开放”对话中均未提及。

20．

A．Cooperate with other students. B．Study all the time.

C．Take some leisure activities. D．Use time systematically.

正确答案：D

解析：①选项都是动词原形，推测问题与建议或行为相关。②女士建议John系统利用时间，做好计划，D“系统利用时间”正确。A“与其他同学合作”和B“一直学习”没在对话中出现，C“参加一些休闲活动”是女士说到做好计划后的结果，不是建议。

21．

A．Talk with some of his lecturers. B．Consult his tutor.

C．Get more information from him. D．Read the questions carefully.

正确答案：C 解析：女士提到，她首先要知道John更多的事情(find out a few more things)，C项get more information同义表达了原文，为答案。本题问的是女士的行为，A“与他的一些老师谈话”、B“咨询辅导员”、D“仔细阅读问题”都与问题无关。

PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.

22． Which of the following sentences does not include an independent genitive construction?

A．A hunter came in, his face red with cold.

B．He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. C．Without any hesitation, Rebecca refused his invitation directly. D．She ran up to me, her hair flying in the wind.

正确答案：C

解析：主格结构是有由名词或代词后接现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等构成，两者之间存在主谓关系，一般有逗号与主句分开，可还原为完整句子，如A项中的his face red with cold可还原为and his face was red with cold．四个选项中只有C项不含有主格结构，其Without any hesitation属于介宾结构。

23． Which of the following is INCORRECT? A．A great deal of students. B．A bit of orange. C．Least knowledge. D．Most time.

正确答案：A

解析：A项中的A great deal of只能与不可数名词搭配，不跟students连用，故选A。B项A bit Of只能与不可数名词搭配，C项Least能与可数名词单数和不可数名词搭配，D项Most能与可数名词复数形式和不可数名词搭配。

24． There has not been a great response to the sale, ______? A．does there B．hasn’t it C．hasn’t there D．has there

正确答案：D

解析：当陈述部分是there be形式时，附加疑问句部分的主语也用there。此题陈述部分为否定，故附加疑问句用肯定，选项D正确。

25． The following determiners (限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT ______.

A．most B．other C．these D．plenty of

正确答案：C

解析：考查限定词与名词的搭配。C项these只可接可数名词复数形式，不可接不可数名词，故为答案。其他选项most，other，plenty of既可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词。

26． If you are a successful language learner, you ______ independently, actively, and purposefully.

A．had probably been learning B．have probably been learning

C．were probably learning D．have probably been learned

正确答案：B

解析：have been doing是动词的现在完成进行时形式，表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的行为。根据句意，选项B正确。

27． In “What do you think she said just now”, what is the ______ of the sentence.

A．subject

B．complement C．object

D．formal subject

正确答案：C

解析：题中do you think是插入语，what在句中充当谓语动词said的宾语，故答案为C。

28． Which of the following reflexive pronouns (反身代词) is used as an appositive?

A．I have nothing to say for myself.

B．I blame myself for what has happened.

C．It was the President himself who opened the door. D．She cut herself on some broken glass.

正确答案：C

解析：C“是总统自己打开了门”，himself是the President的同位语，故C为答案。A“对于我自己，我无话可说”，myself作介词for的宾语；B“我因为发生的事情责怪自己”，myself作动词blame的宾语；D“她在碎玻璃上划伤了”，herself作cut的宾语。

29． But ______ with players, executives, and young people, I’ve learned that those who rise to the heights in any field aren’t necessarily the ones with the greatest natural talent.

A．worked B．working

C．having worked D．had worked

正确答案：C

解析：此空为句子状语部分，因主语和状语动作是主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语，同时分词动作发生在句子谓语动作之前，应该用现在分词的完成形式having worked。

30． _____ policy makers struggle to define and implement appropriate legislation, development of the most destructive kind has continued over vast areas.

A．As long as B．As C．Even D．While

正确答案：D

解析：as long as表示“如果，只要”，引导条件状语从句，as引导原因或方式状语从句。while可引导让步状语从句。表示“尽管，虽然”。even不是连词，不引导句子。根据句意，D正确。

31． If something happens to the brain’s development during pregnancy, it is more likely ______ affected in a male.

A．being B．would be C．to be D．be

正确答案：C

解析：be likely to do sth．表示“可能……”，由于不定式的逻辑主语为不定式所表示动作的承受者，故用不定式的被动形式，选项C正确。

32． The animal has a brain which is nearest _____. A．in man’s size B．in size to man C．in size to man’s D．to the size in man

正确答案：C

解析：考查near的用法。形容词near表示“接近的，和……差不多”时，后面应接介词to。本题中比较的对象是man’s brain，而不是man，所以要用所有格形式man’s，表示“在……方面”用介词in。例如：My dress is near in color to yours．(我的连衣裙颜色和你的差不多。)又如：The construction of the diesel engine is near to that of the gasoline engine．(柴油机的构造和汽油机差不多。)

33． In spite of the _____ economic forecast, manufacturing output has risen slightly.

A．gloomy B．dizzy C．opaque D．faint

正确答案：A

解析：考查形容词辨析。本题中的in spite of表明两部分之间为让步关系，从制造产量“还是略有”回升可以看出经济前景仍然暗淡，gloomy意为“阴郁的，令人沮丧的”，可以与economic forecast搭配，因此正确。dizzy意为“头晕目眩的”；opaque意为“不透明的，晦涩的”；faint意为“虚弱的”。

34． Another big issue _____ the country is the problem of the education of its citizens.

A．confining B．confirming C．conforming D．confronting

正确答案：D

解析：考查动词辨析。confront为及物动词，意为“面临，遭遇；勇敢地面对或正视”，符合题意，又如：They have confronted the problem of terrorism with great determination．(他们以极大的决心对付恐怖活动问题。)confine意为“，拘束”；confirm意为“肯定，确定”；conform常和to连用表示“遵从，遵守”，例如：All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their government．(每个人都要遵守制定的法律。)

35． Would you take an offer of, _____, $500 for your car? A．says B．say C．to say D．saying

正确答案：B

解析：考查习惯用法。say在此意为“比方说”，常用于表建议或假设，如：If we put out，say，twenty chairs，would that be enough?(如果我们摆下，比如，20张椅子，会够了吗?)Just say you won the lottery—what would you do?(假定你的彩票中了奖——你会怎么做?)

36． We have to try every means to _____ the costs of the project. A．bring off B．bring up C．bring down D．bring back

正确答案：C

解析：考查词组辨析。bring down意为“降低，”；bring off意为“完成，使成功”；bring up意为“养育，培养”；bring back“使记起，归还”。由此可见，选项C为正确答案。

37． The rain was heavy and _____ the land was flooded.

A．consequently B．continuously C．consistently D．constantly

正确答案：A

解析：考查形容词辨析。雨下得大与洪水之间是因果关系，所以选择consequently“因而，所以”。continuously意为“不断地，持续地”，指某事连续发生，有始有终且其过程毫无停顿；consistently意为“一贯地，始终如一地”；constantly意为“不变地，坚持不懈地”，指以同样的方式不断出现，即习惯性地重复。

38． Many of your suggestions are _____ the new plan. A．made into B．put into

C．incorporated into D．combined in

正确答案：C

解析：考查词组辨析。incorporate into意为“把……合并到”，符合题意，又如：Many small companies are incorporated into large ones during the reform．(在这次改革中，许多小公司被并公司。)make…into意为“把……制成／变成”；put…into意为“把……放进”；combine后面接with而不是in，搭配错误。

39． Your story about the frog turning into a prince is _____ nonsense. A．shear B．sheet C．shield D．sheer

正确答案：D

解析：考查形近词辨析。sheer是形容词，意为“十足的，完全的”，可以修饰题目中的nonsense，指“完全胡说”，为正确答案。shear是动词，意为“剪”；sheet是名词，意为“被单，薄片”；shield是名词，意为“盾，防护物”。

40． High grades are supposed to _____ academic ability, but his actual performance did not confirm this.

A．certify B．clarify C．classify D．notify

正确答案：A

解析：考查动词辨析。certify意为“证实，证明”，符合题意。clarify意为

“澄清，阐明”；classify意为“分类，分等”；notify意为“通告”。

41． The vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from us will never be _____ from my memory.

A．ejected B．escaped C．erased D．omitted

正确答案：C 解析：考查动词辨析。erase意为“抹掉，抹去，消除”，符合题意，erase sth．from one’s mind／memory“忘却某事(坏事)”，如：His name can never be erased from people’s mind．(人们永远也不会忘记他的名字。)eject意为“(从处所、职位、产业)驱逐，排斥；弹射出来”；escape意为“逃跑，逃避”，不用于被动语态，可先排除；omit意为“省略，遗漏”。

PART IV CLOZEDecide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY.

A. mentally B. stand C. assist D. complex E. shelterF. strolling G. coordination H. survival I. As J. supervisionK. comprehensive L. cope M. wandering N. dwelling O. increasing The homeless make up a growing percentage of America’s population. Indeed homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can’t possibly【C1】______. To help homeless people toward independence, the federal government must support job training programs, raise the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing. Not everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates range anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. Although the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless ‘ is【C2】______. One of the federal government’s studies predicts that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this decade. Finding ways to【C3】______this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult. Even when homeless individuals manage to find a【C4】______that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day【C5】______the street. Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others while not addicted or【C6】______ill, simply lack the everyday【C7】______skills needed to turn their lives around. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the situation will improve only when there are【C8】______programs that address the many needs of the homeless.【C9】______Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, puts it, “There has to be【C10】______of programs. What’s needed is a package deal.”

42． 【C1】

正确答案：L

解析：空格前的can’t提示，此处填入动词原形。本句说的是“无家可归的人所占比例如此之大，以至于地方……”。cope“对付，处理”符合题意。stand意为“经受，抵抗”，与cope的意思相近，但在本题中不能与that前的逻辑宾语proportions搭配。故排除。

43． 【C2】

正确答案：O

解析：空格前的is表明此处需要填入分词或形容词。文章首句提到“无家可归者在美国人口中所占的比例越来越大(growing percentage)”，本空格要与growing构成呼应，increasing“渐增的，越来越多的”符合文意。

44． 【C3】

正确答案：C

解析：空格位于不定式to之后，故应填入动词原形。本句提到“找到办法去……这些日益增多的无家可归者的任务变得越来越艰巨。”下文主要讲了无家可归者所存在的一系列的问题，由此可推断出此处语义为“想办法帮助这些越来越多的无家可归者”。assist“帮助，协助”符合句意。

45． 【C4】

正确答案：E 解析：空格前的不定冠词a表明此处应填入名词。由that定语从句中的。three meals a day and a place to sleep可推断此处填人shelter“避难所，(无家可归者的)收容所”。dwelling“房屋，公寓，住宅”，只表示住所，与下文“提供食宿”不符。

46． 【C5】

正确答案：M

解析：由谓语动词spend推知，此处填入(in)+动名词或介词on+sth．。本句的意思是即使解决了吃住问题，还是会有很多人每天花费大部分时间……街头。wander表示“漫无目的地游荡，流浪”，符合句意。stroll表示“悠闲地散步”，若用于说明无家可归者，不符合上下文语义。

47． 【C6】

正确答案：A

解析：空格前的or提示此处填入修饰ill的副词。由上一句提到的serious

mental disorders可以推断，此处说的是精神上的疾病。mentally”心理上；精神上”符合文意。

48． 【C7】

正确答案：H 解析：空格前为形容词everyday，其后为名词skills，推断此处填入修饰skills的词。此处表达的意思是“不酗酒不吸毒，也没有精神疾病，只是缺乏改变自己生活所需的……技能，“survival skills”生存技能”符合语义。

49． 【C8】

正确答案：K

解析：there be句型提示此处填入修饰programs的词。由下文的address the many needs of the homeless(解决这些无家可归者的各种需求)可知，这些计划要能够解决多重需求，comprehensive“全面的；无所不包的；综合性的”符合文意。complex“错综复杂的；合成的”强调复杂性，无法体现“能够解决多重需求”，故不选。

50． 【C9】

正确答案：I

解析：空格位于句首且其后的句子主谓完整，推断此处填入副词或连词。as sb．puts it为常用搭配，表示“正如……说的那样”。

51． 【C10】

正确答案：G

解析：由空格后的of programs可知，此处应填入名词。本句提到“项目与项目间要……，我们需要的是一揽子计划(package deal)”。package deal的含义是a set of proposals or terms that must be bought or accepted together。由此可推断此处要表达的意思是“各项目间要协调运行”。coordination“协调；合作；协作”符合语义。文章没有提到关于计划的监督管理方面的问题，supervision“监督，管理”不符合上下文语义。

PART V READING COMPREHENSION

SECTION AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

(l)World War II initiated the concept of “total war”—war that involved all, civilians and military alike, in the war effort. This was not really new. Lazare Carnot had anticipated it during the French Revolution with his call for “a nation in arms”.

But never before World War Ⅱ had nation been required to draw so heavily upon the total human resources available to them. In each country, there was a propaganda effort to portray every person in the state as personally involves in the struggle being waged. In the United States, “Rosie the Riveter” was as much a part of the picture as “G. I. Joe”. The German “Rosies” were not as likely as their American counterparts to be working as riveters, but from 1942 on, they and their children were to face terrors of war as severe as those experienced by their front-line soldiers. Shivering from fear of being buried alive in the cellars that served as air-raid shelters, they had to emerge from those areas of modest security to extinguish the fire bombs that sizzled in the attics above before entire houses were incinerated. Each explosive bomb that fell could mean life or death for each person who heard it coming, depending on where it fell and how big it was. (2)There is no rational way of rendering judgment on the moral aspects of the Allied bombing. It did, of course, kill Nazis and anti-Nazis alike; women and children as well as men; prisoners of war and foreign workers as well as Germans; professors, artists, musicians, and farmers, as well as workers in munitions factories. And the mode of death, as will be seen, was often shocking and gruesome. But it is faulty to assume that without the bombing all those who perished would have survived and would have met death more peacefully. Land invasion would have meant the ravaging of cities by heavy artillery, tanks, and flame throwers, the desperate flight of thousands of civilians (which indeed occurred on Germany’s eastern front), and the ultimate collapse of all forces of order, with internecine fighting, famine, and disease as likely accompaniments. Neither can one assume that more churches, famous monuments, paintings, library books, and so forth would have survived. That those who stopped the bombs had pangs of guilt in respect to the suffering they caused and the cultural wealth they destroyed is a credit to their humanitarian sensitivities. But sentiments of revulsion are more appropriately directed at war itself, which inevitably brutalizes those involved, destroys normal sensitivities, and opens the way to rape, pillage, and want of destruction. A “clean”, “humane” war is an impossibility.

52． It can be inferred from the first paragraph that “Rosie the Riveter” was______.

A．a picture used in the war propaganda

B．the name of an American hero during the war

C．a representative of women who were dragged into the war

D．a German-born worker who escaped to America during the war

正确答案：C

解析：词义题。从首段倒数第3句可以知道倒数第4句中提到的“Rosie the Riveter”和German“Rosies”是相同的人，而从倒数第3句中的转折分句可以知道German“Rosies”应该是指德国后方的妇女，由此可见，“Rosie the Riveter”应指美国后方的妇女，代指所有被无故卷入战争的平民，因此本题应选C。

53． According to the author, without the Allied bombing,______. A．more lives might have been saved

B．people would have died of other disasters

C．the Allied landing would have been out of the question D．many cultural objects would have survived

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。文章第2段第5句描述的是地面进攻给平民带来的伤害，由此可见，即使没有轰炸，平民仍然逃不过战争的威胁，仍会遭受其他的灾害，故选项B符合题意。

54． The author concludes the passage by pointing out that ____. A．there is no such a thing as humane war

B．a total war is the cruelest thing in human history

C．a war does no good either to the winner or to the loser D．it is impossible to wage a total war today

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。选项A与原文第2段末句的内容相近，符合题意。

(1)Pageants (露天演出) are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meagre side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed. (2)Most pageants have a historical flavor as they usually come about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavor. From the first economy will have to be practised because there are usually a great number of people to dress. Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind. (3)Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cut out by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience or behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; the same goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The location needs to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the

surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far as possible on the funds available. (4)If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done by one or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for completion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities. Cloaks and shawls become invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bedspreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics, such as velvet or chenille. (5)Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this will be found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be found to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.

55． Which of the following is true about pageants?

A．Pageants seldom take place in the afternoon or evening. B．Pageants are often supported by local or civic authorities. C．Many pageants get abundantly funded by local companies. D．Most pageants are based on events of historical importance.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。首段首句中的under the auspices of与选项B中的support具有相近的意思，因此选项B为本题答案。

56． It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is ______.

A．money B．color C．harmony D．texture

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。从第2段末句、第3段末句及末段首句都体现了“和谐”是设计服装时需要考虑的最重要的因素，因选项C为正确答案。

57． It is implied that pageants held in the evening has the advantage that ______.

A．more audience can afford the time to watch the performance B．it doesn’t cost much to design costumes for the performers C．the settings can be seen more clearly under artificial lighting D．distractions may be cut out by the surrounding darkness

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。原文第3段从第2句到第4句，作者提到了在白天举办庆典所存在的问题，结合第2句中的第2个分句及第3句中的第1个分句可以推断晚上举办庆典时，漆黑的环境有助于消除影响表演的不利因素，由此可见，本题应选选项D。

(l)Virtually everything astronomers known about objects outside the solar system is based on the detection of photons-quanta of electromagnetic radiation. Yet there is another form of radiation that permeates the universe: neutrinos (中徽子). With (as its name implies) no electric charge, and negligible mass, the neutrino interacts with other particles so rarely that a neutrino can cross the entire universe, even traversing substantial aggregations of matter, without being absorbed or even deflected. Neutrinos can thus escape from regions of space where light and other kinds of electromagnetic radiation are blocked by matter. Furthermore, neutrinos carry with them information about the site and circumstances of their production: therefore, the detection of cosmic neutrinos could provide new information about a wide variety of cosmic phenomena and about the history of the universe. (2)But how can scientists detect a particle that interacts so infrequently with other matter? Twenty-five years passed between Pauli’s hypothesis that the neutrino existed and its actual detection: since then virtually all research with neutrinos has been with neutrinos created artificially in large particle accelerators and studied under neutrino microscopes. But a neutrino telescope, capable of detecting cosmic neutrinos, is difficult to construct. No apparatus can detect neutrinos unless it is extremely massive, because great mass is synonymous with huge numbers of nucleons (neutrons and protons), and the more massive the detector, the greater the probability of one of its nucleon’s reacting with a neutrino. In addition, the apparatus must be sufficiently shielded from the interfering effects of other particles. (3)Fortunately, a group of astrophysicists has proposed a means of detecting cosmic neutrinos by harnessing the mass of the ocean. Named DUMAND, for Deep Underwater Muon and Neutrino Detector, the project calls for placing an array of light sensors at a depth of five kilometers under the ocean surface. The detecting medium is the seawater itself: when a neutrino interacts with a particle in an atom of seawater, the result is a cascade of electrically charged particles and a flash of light that can be detected by the sensors. The five kilometers of seawater above the sensors will shield them from the interfering effects of other high-energy particles raining down through the atmosphere. (4)The strongest motivation for the DUMAND project is that it will exploit an important source of information about the universe. The extension of astronomy from visible light to radio waves to x-rays and gamma rays never failed to lead to the discovery of unusual objects such as radio galaxies, quasars (类星体) , and pulsars (脉冲星). Each of these discoveries came as a surprise. Neutrino astronomy will doubtless bring its own share of surprises.

58． Which might be the most appropriate title of the passage? A．At the Threshold of Neutrino Astronomy.

B．Neutrinos and the History of the Universe. C．The Creation and the Study of Neutrinos. D．The DUMAND System and How It Works.

正确答案：A

解析：主旨题。文章一开始就指出天体观测中中微子是一个重要粒子，最后又指出观测中微子的原因是它可能提供重要的有关宇宙的信息，因此，一切对中微子的考察和研究都是为天文学这一目标服务，只有选项A概括了中微子和天文学这两个重点。

59． In the last paragraph, the author describes the development of astronomy in order to ______.

A．suggest the potential discovery of celestial bodies by means of neutrino astronomy

B．illustrate the importance of surprises in making astronomic discoveries

C．demonstrate the effectiveness of the DUMAND apparatus in detecting neutrinos

D．name some cosmic phenomena that neutrino astronomy will illuminate

正确答案：A

解析：推断题。末段末句中的its own share of surprises及该句时态表明中微子天文学也将像该段第2句提到的天文学发展那样为天体的发现做出贡献，因此本题答案应为选项A。

(l)Suppose you are driving on a highway with three lanes going in your direction and you come upon a toll plaza with six toll booths. Three toll booths are straight ahead in the three lanes of traffic, and the three other booths are off to the right. Which lane should you choose? There are usually enough people searching for the shortest line so as to make all the lines about the same length. (2)The term profit in economics has a very precise meaning. Economists, however, often loosely refer to “good deals” or profitable ventures with no risk as profit opportunities. Using the term loosely, a profit opportunity exists at the toll booths if one line is shorter than the others. The general view of economics is that profit opportunities are rare. At any one time there are many people searching for such opportunities, and as a consequence few exist. (3)At major banks in big cities, you can buy foreign currencies. The prices of these currencies are determined in world money markets. With dollars we can buy marks; with these marks we can buy francs; and with these francs we can buy back dollars. Can we make money on this transaction? If this is possible, we say that there are profit opportunities in the market. There are in fact almost never any profit opportunities of this kind in foreign currency markets. There are always individuals looking for such opportunities, and if any opportunity does arise it is quickly eliminated. (4)If, for example, the mark-franc price is too low with respect to the other prices, there is an immediate rush to buy marks and sell francs, not by ordinary citizens at bank windows, but by a few large currency traders

in Tokyo, London, or Zurich who watch prices every minute. Such a rush drives up the mark-franc price to the no-profit-opportunity point. Markets like this, where any profit opportunities are eliminated almost instantaneously are said to be efficient markets. (5)The common language way of expressing the efficient markets hypothesis is “there’s no such thing as a free lunch”. How should one react when a stock broker calls up with a hot tip on the stock market? With skepticism. There are thousands of individuals each day looking for hot tips in the market, and if a particular tip about a stock is valid there will be an immediate rush to buy the stock, which will quickly drive its price up. By the time the tip gets to your broker and then to you, the profit opportunity that arose from the tip (assuming that there was one) is likely to have been eliminated. Similar arguments can be made for bond markets and commodity markets. They are many “expert” in these markets, who take quick advantage of any news that affects prices. (6)This economist’s view that there are very limited profit opportunities around can, of course, be carried too far. There are clearly times when profit opportunities exist. Someone has to be first to get the news, and some people have quicker insights than others. Nevertheless, news does get disseminated quickly, and there are thousands of people with quick insights. The general view that profit opportunities are rare is close to the mark.

60． In an efficient market, ______.

A．profit opportunities remain a very brief time B．only experts can grasp the profit opportunities C．people without insights don’t get much profit D．anyone who knows the hot tips can gain profit

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。第4段末句是对efficient market的定义，从该定义来看，判断一个市场是否有效与其获利机会存在的时间有关，由此可见，选项A的描述是正确的。

61． What is the author’s attitude towards the idea that “profit opportunities are rare”?

A．Doubtful. B．Cautious. C．Consenting. D．Ironic.

正确答案：C

解析：观点题。本文首先在第2段倒数第2句提出经济学的观点“获利机会是少有的”，接着作者举了多个例子说明这一点，并在文末表明自己对此的看法，末段末句中的close to the mark表明作者认同经济学的观点。因此本题答案为选项C。

SECTION BIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with No more than TEN words in the space provided.

PASSAGE ONE

62． What are the density-dependent theorists unable to solve?

正确答案：Developing models allowing precise prediction of the effects of crowding·

解析：根据题目中的density-dependent theorists定位到第3段末句。该句开头的one challenge表明该句所述的内容就是the density-dependent theorists仍未解决的问题，即题目中的are…unable to solve对应原文的challenge，故答案为Developing models allowing precise prediction of the effects of crowding。

PASSAGE TWO

63． What goes with a science becoming more advanced?

正确答案：The agreement about its basic concepts being broader．

解析：根据题目中的a science becoming more advanced定位到首段第2句。该句中的the more successful…the broader…这一结构说明了伴随着“科学越发达”的是“越多的人对其基本概念达成共识”，依据题目中“名词+非谓语动词”形式和提问的代词What，可知答案不能直接照抄原文，需修改成同样的形式：The agreement about its basic concepts being broader。

． What does the word “cosmopolitan” in the last paragraph mean?

正确答案：A universal citizen．

解析：根据主语He可首先确认这个词指的是一种人，而末段第4句和第5句都是为了进一步说明第3句中的modern man is becoming universal，由此可见，cosmopolitan应具有universal的性质，故答案为A universal citizen。

PASSAGE THREE

65． Why does the author mention the Cyprus jugs?

正确答案：To show not every artifact has potential scientific value·

解析：题目关键词Cyprus jugs出现在第4段。作者在该段提到了多个数字，如thousands of,2000，4000等，都是为了用塞浦路斯小水罐这个具体的例子说明第3段末句的观点，即作者认为并不是每个文物都有潜在的科学价值，可见答案为To show not every artifact has potential scientific value。

PASSAGE FOUR

66． What were thought to determine Kennedy’s narrow victory?

正确答案：The broadcast television debates between the two major party nominees·

解析：根据题目中的Kennedy’s narrow victory定位到第4段第4句。该句说The debates起了至关重要的作用。题目的determine对应原文的crucial to。从上文可知该场辩论指的是该段第3句中的The first broadcast television debates between the two major party nominees，出于字数的原因，修饰语first可以不写。

PART VI WRITING

67． People from different cultures keep different value systems and have different ways of looking at things. Failing to recognize these cultural differences will lead to misunderstanding. Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the following topic: Ways of Dealing with Cultural Differences You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state the necessity of dealing with the cultural differences. In the second part, state specifically what your suggested ways are. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

正确答案： Ways of Dealing with Cultural Differences Different cultures have their own rules of behavior. People from different cultural backgrounds may have very different beliefs, religions, customs and habits. Ignorance of cultural differences often leads to misunderstanding, offense, or embarrassment in cross-cultural communication. Instead, we need to develop a cross-cultural perspective. Here are two basic ways to help deal with cultural differences: First of all, we must bear in mind that all cultures are equal, no matter how different some cultures may seem from our own. Having a respect for other cultures is an effective way to promote international communication, since understanding can only be reached if we are willing to treat people from other cultures as equals. Second, we can avoid unintentionally offending others by learning basic characteristics of other cultures. It is a good policy to ask foreign friends or business associates about their everyday customs and let them know our customs as well. As China opens up to the outside world, more and more people are involved in international business transactions or cultural exchanges in various areas. It is important that we improve our awareness of cultural differences so as to prepare ourselves for successful cross-cultural communication.

解析： 此篇作文要求考生针对文化差异所带来的问题提出合理的应对措施。根据题目要求，文章结构如下： 第一部分，文化差异会导致人们之间产生误解，在跨文化交流中应该了解如何避免这种误解的产生。 第二部分，提出避免误解产生的有效方法：意识到所有的文化都是平等的；要了解其他文化与本国文化的异同点。 第三部分，总结：随着中国与外界交往的日益频繁，

我们有必要提高我们跨文化交流的意识。