专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷148(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷148 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY

PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1． Total color blindness, ______, is the result of a defect in the retina. A．a rare condition that B．a rare condition C．that a rare condition D．is a rare condition

正确答案：B

解析：同位语结构题。本句已有的部分句子结构完整，补充部分可以是名词或名词词组作主语的同位语，四个选项中只有[B]正确。 知识模块：语法与词汇

2． ______about his financial position that he tosses and turns at night A．So much he worries B．Too much does he worry C．So much does he worry D．Too much he worries

正确答案：C

解析：倒装结构题。本句是so…that…句型，该句型中如果so被提到句首，紧随其后的应是so修饰的那个形容词或副词，so所在的那句话的主谓应倒装，所以选[C]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

3． Last year, I paid a three-day visit to the company as a visiting engineer, and was treated______.

A．such B．like it C．as such D．such as

正确答案：C

解析：代词用法题。首先可排除[A]和[B]；as such表示“作为……；以……的资格或身份”；such as表示“例如，诸如”，根据句意应选[C]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

4． You______have been more careful! A．must

B．could C．would D．need

正确答案：B

解析：情态动词题。could have done可以表示某事可能发生但却没有发生，也可以表示对别人的抱怨或指责；must have done表示对过去情况肯定的推测，意为“一定，肯定”；would havedone表示对事情发生或结果的推测，意为“会……”；need have done通常以否定形式出现，即needn’t have done，表示“本来不必做某事”，但实际上做了。根据句意应选[B]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

5． I’ll go if you’re going,______,I’d rather stay at home. A．only if B．if only C．even if D．if not

正确答案：D

解析：副词辨析题。if not表示“要不，不然”，用于if+动词(现在时或现在完成时之后)；onlyif表示“只要，只有”，用于句首，后接从句时主谓要倒装；if only表示“但愿，要是”，用以表示对现实或未来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望；even if表示“即使，纵然，虽然”，用于承认某事可能属实或可能发生。根据句意应选[D]if not。 知识模块：语法与词汇

6． In the hot sun the surface of the road seems wet, but that is only a( n)______. A．analogy B．correlation C．paradox D．illusion

正确答案：D

解析：名词辨析题。illusion表示“错觉，幻觉”；analogy表示“类似，相似；类推”；correlation表示“相互关系”；paradox表示“似是而非的隽语；看似矛盾而实际(或可能)正确的说法”。根据句意应选[D]illusion。 知识模块：语法与词汇

7． ______storms wreaked havoc on the area, leaving three people dead and dozens injured.

A．Vibrant B．Violent C．EnergetiC D．Full

正确答案：B

解析：形容词辨析题。violent表示“猛烈的，强烈的，激烈的”；vibrant表示“振动的，颤动的，响亮的”；energetic表示“精力充沛的，充满活力的”；full表示“满的，充足的”。根据句意应选[B]violent。 知识模块：语法与词汇

8． Thanks for buying me the ticket; I’ll make it______to you later. A．out B．up C．for D．over

正确答案：B

解析：固定搭配题。make it up to sb．表示“补偿某人的损失、遭受的不幸或花费的钱财”，通常用于口语；make sth．out表示“写出；填出；辨认出”；make for sth．表示“朝……方向移动；有助于做某事”；make sth．over表示“改变，转变；转移……的所有权”。根据句意应选[B]up。 知识模块：语法与词汇

9． The win______glorious memories of his championship-winning days. A．retreated B．reassured C．released D．revived

正确答案：D

解析：动词辨析题。revive表示“恢复健康、力量或知觉”，比喻的意思指“重新燃起(希望)；使恢复活力；重新使用”；retreat表示“撤退，退却”；reassure表示“消除某人的恐惧或疑虑；使某人放心”；release表示“放开，释放；发行”。根据句意应选[D]revived。 知识模块：语法与词汇

10． The house allocated to them was pleasant and______. A．spacious B．wide C．sufficient D．wretched

正确答案：A

解析：形容词辨析题。spacious表示“宽敞的”；wide表示“宽阔的，宽广的”；sufficient表示“充足的；充分的”；wretched表示“悲惨的，可怜的”。根据句意应选[A]spacious。 知识模块：语法与词汇

11． The commander said that the army would______with the ceasefire. A．coincide B．conform C．comply D．collaborate

正确答案：C

解析：动词辨析题。comply with sth．表示“按要求、命令去做；听从，服从”；coincide with sth．表示“同时发生；与……相符或极相似”；conform with sth．表示“与……相符合或相一致”，若与to搭配，则表示“符合、遵守(公认的规则、准则等)”；collaborate with sb．on sth．表示“与某人在某事上合作、协作”。根据句意应选[C]comply。 知识模块：语法与词汇

12． We should catch every chance that presents itself. The underlined part means______.

A．shows itself B．appears C．is precious D．is good

正确答案：B

解析：短语理解题。sth．presents itself的意思是“某物出现了”，因此这句话中的画线部分与appears同义，正确答案是[B]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

13． Writing this book has been a great pleasure, a true______of love. A．labor B．wish C．dream D．luck

正确答案：A

解析：固定搭配题。a labor of love是固定搭配，表示“为爱好(而不是需要或赚钱)而做的工作”，故选[A]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

14． Nothing was to prevent him now from becoming the richest, and______the happiest man in the world.

A．moreover B．somehow C．therefore D．nevertheless

正确答案：C

解析：副词辨析题。therefore表示“为此，因此，所以”，用以引出后面的结果；moreover表示“再说，此外，而且”，用于引入新内容以补充或支持前言；somehow表示“不知什么缘故，不知为什么；以某种方式，通过某种途径”；nevertheless表示“虽然如此，然而，依然”，表示后面的内容与前面形成对比。根据句意应选[C]therefore。 知识模块：语法与词汇

15． Mary has______on the family tradition of giving away plants.

A．lived B．moved C．carried D．taken

正确答案：C

解析：动词短语辨析题。carry on sth．表示“继续做某事”；live on sth．表示“以……为食；靠某种经济来源生活”；move on作不及物短语动词时，表示“继续行进”；move on sb．表示“()命令某人离开事故现场”；take on表示“呈现；承担”。根据句意应选[C]carried。 知识模块：语法与词汇

16． The______family in Europe throws as much as ￡ 20 worth of reusable materials into its dustbin each year.

A．normal B．average C．usual D．general

正确答案：B

解析：形容词辨析题。average意为“平常的，普通的，平均数的”，尤指人或事物属于平均水准，例如：average students(普通学生)，average rainfall(平均降雨量)；normal意为“正常的，常态的，心理正常的”，尤指人或事物处于人们所希望的状态，例如：normal body temperature(正常体温)；usual意为“通常的，惯例的”，尤指发生次数频繁的事，例如：his usual chair(他通常坐的那把椅子)；general意为“一般的，大体的，综合的”，尤指能对大多数人或事产生影响，而不去考虑具体的或例外的情况，例如：general education(普通教育)。根据句意应选[B]average。 知识模块：语法与词汇

17． The most important______for entry is that applicants must design and make their own work.

A．threshold B．warrant C．partition D．criterion

正确答案：D

解析：名词辨析题。criterion表示“(评判的)标准，尺度”；threshold表示“门槛；起点，开端”；warrant表示“授权命令；正当理由”；partition表示“分割；(国家)”。根据句意应选[D]criterion。 知识模块：语法与词汇

18． Grandfather had sustained a broken back while working in the mines.______, he spent the rest of his life in a wheelchair.

A．Consequently B．Logically

C．Variably D．Doubtfully

正确答案：A

解析：副词辨析题。consequently表示“所以，因而”；logically表示“合乎逻辑地，有条理地”；variably表示“变化不定地，易变地”；doubtfully表示“不大可能地，可疑地”。根据句意应选[A]Consequently。 知识模块：语法与词汇

19． When Carol’s son got an F on his report card,she hit the ceiling! The underlined part means______.

A．was annoyed B．was angry C．was depressed D．was worried

正确答案：B

解析：短语辨析题。hit the ceiling字面意思是“撞到天花板”，但实际意为“暴跳如雷，非常生气”。根据句意应选[B]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

20． You______John in the street this morning. He’s been dead for ages. A．mustn’t see

B．mustn’t have seen C．couldn’t see

D．couldn’t have seen

正确答案：D

解析：情态动词题。must have done表示对过去情况肯定的推测，对过去情况否定的推测则用couldn’t have done，所以选[D]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

21． What does “His parents are dead against the trip” mean? A．His parents are dead because of the trip.

B．His parents are quite in opposition to the trip. C．His parents are hardly against the trip.

D．His parents have a very hard time during the trip.

正确答案：B

解析：句子理解题。在这句话中，dead作为副词，修饰介词against，而be against的意思是“反对，不支持”，因此这句话的意思是“他的父母亲坚决反对这次旅行”，故正确答案是[B]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

22． Which of the following sentences indicates prediction? A．You must be back by 10 o’clock. B．He has to move the desk himself. C．You should mind your own business.

D．The book should attract all lovers of poetry.

正确答案：D

解析：情态动词题。[A]、[B]和[C]三个句子都是表示义务；[D]的意思是“这本书一定会引起诗歌爱好者的兴趣”，表示推测，因此为正确答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇

23． —Have you ever gone water-skiing before? —Oh, yes,______. A．a dozen of time B．dozens of times C．dozens of time D．dozen of time

正确答案：B

解析：词语用法题。time这里表示次数，应用复数；另外，可以说a dozen of times或dozens oftimes，四个选项中只有[B]正确。 知识模块：语法与词汇

24． _____, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes. A．When well-fitted B．If well-fitting C．When well-fitting D．If well-fitted when

正确答案：A 解析：分词用法题。本句中分词与句子主语构成动宾关系，故应用过去分词，四个选项中只有[A]正确。 知识模块：语法与词汇

25． She was the only one of the few girls who______passed the examination. A．was B．were C．has D．have

正确答案：C

解析：主谓一致性题。在“one of+复数名词”结构后若使用定语从句，从句中的谓语动词一般用复数；但one若是用the only修饰，则用单数，所以本题选[C]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

26． The old woman would have been drowned______a passer-by dragged her out of the water.

A．but for B．but that C．without D．if

正确答案：B

解析：虚拟语气题。but that和but for在虚拟语气的含蓄条件句中常见，表示“要不是”，但but that是连词，but for是介词，but that相当于but for the fact that，故本题应选[B]but that。 知识模块：语法与词汇

27． John misses the early bus for oversleeping, ______the delay. A．hence to cause B．so to cause C．so as caused D．thus causing

正确答案：D

解析：主格题。thus指代前面的一句话，与causing构成主格结构。不定式作结果状语往往表示说话人意想不到的结果或不好的结果，因此不用不定式结构，故选[D]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

28． The vocabulary and grammatical differences between British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly______.

A．noticed

B．to be noticed C．being noticed D．to notice

正确答案：B

解析：句子结构题。句型so…as to do表示“如此……以至于”，so…as not to do意思相反，都表示结果；本题是so…as hardly to do，相当于so…as not to do，所以应排除[A]和[C]；differences与notice构成动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，因此选[B]。 知识模块：语法与词汇

29． Which of the following sentences has a subject complement? A．A taxi was called for me. B．Linda was given nothing.

C．The room is always kept clean. D．A glance was cast at him.

正确答案：C 解析：句子成分题。动词后面对主语特征、状态等情况进行补充说明的成分，叫作主语补足语。如果把带有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句，原来补充说明宾语的部分就变成补充说明主语了，即宾语补足语就变成主语补足语。如果把带有双宾语的句子变成被动句，往往是一个宾语作为被动句的主语，另一个宾语仍放在谓语动词之后。主语补足语和主语之间有逻辑上的主谓或主表关系，但双宾语之间则没有这种关系。选项[C]中主语the room和主语补足语clean之间是逻辑上的主表关系，故为正确答案。而选项[A]和[B]谓语动词之后的成分都是状语，[D]

是双宾语结构的被动句，故均可排除。 知识模块：语法与词汇

30． There are some rooms in the beach house, ______served as a kitchen. A．the smaller of that B．the smaller of which C．the smallest of that D．the smallest of which

正确答案：D

解析：非限定性定语从句题。介词后的关系代词应用which或whom，故可排除[A]和[C]；根据句意本题应使用最高级，所以应选[D]。 知识模块：语法与词汇