Unit 1 Looking forwards ........................................................................................................... - 2 -
课时分层作业1............................................................................................................... - 2 - 课时分层作业2............................................................................................................... - 7 - 课时分层作业3............................................................................................................. - 11 - 单元综合测验................................................................................................................ - 17 - Unit 2 Lessons in life ............................................................................................................... - 31 - 课时分层作业1............................................................................................................. - 31 -
课时分层作业2............................................................................................................. - 37 - 课时分层作业3............................................................................................................. - 42 - 单元综合测验................................................................................................................ - 48 - Unit 3 The world meets China ................................................................................................ - 63 - 课时分层作业1............................................................................................................. - 63 - 课时分层作业2............................................................................................................. - 69 - 课时分层作业3............................................................................................................. - 74 - 单元综合测验................................................................................................................ - 79 - Unit 4 Everyday economics .................................................................................................... - 95 -
课时分层作业1............................................................................................................. - 95 - 课时分层作业2........................................................................................................... - 100 - 课时分层作业3........................................................................................................... - 105 - 单元综合测验.............................................................................................................. - 110 - Unit 5 Into the unknown ...................................................................................................... - 126 -
课时分层作业1........................................................................................................... - 126 - 课时分层作业2........................................................................................................... - 132 - 课时分层作业3........................................................................................................... - 136 - 单元综合测验.............................................................................................................. - 142 - Unit 6 Space and beyond ..................................................................................................... - 158 -
课时分层作业1........................................................................................................... - 158 - 课时分层作业2........................................................................................................... - 1 - 课时分层作业3........................................................................................................... - 168 - 单元综合测验.............................................................................................................. - 174 -
Unit 1 Looking forwards
课时分层作业1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His ambition(抱负) was to get to the top.
2．The detective(侦探) followed the footprints to find the killer. 3．He has no clue about how to solve this complex(复杂的) case. 4．This is the busiest commercial (商业的)street in the city. 5．Only a finite number of situations can arise(发生)． 6．I know I can trust her in any circumstance(情况)．
7．We listened to the news with a mixture(混合)of surprise and horror. 8．There is an urgent need for qualified(合格的)teachers. 9．He speaks English with perfect fluency(流利)．
10．You have to shift(转换) gears as you drive around the corner. Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
It was a normal school day for senior Solymar Solis until an unexpected visitor arrived.Her dad，Sgt.Carlos Solis Melendez，surprised her by coming home early from Kuwait and visiting her unannounced at Spring Valley High School in South Carolina.
After serving in Kuwait for nine months，Melendez returned home a week earlier than his daughter expected.He held balloons and flowers in a classroom as he sat at a student's desk to blend in with the crowd.“It came to my mind like ‘How is she going to react？’，” he recalled the heartwarming moment.“Is she going to be happy and run to me and hug me，or cry? That was all going on through my mind.”
As unsuspecting Solymar entered the classroom，she was soon overcome with emotion，immediately bursting into tears and covering her mouth.She didn't talk.She was just crying.She was overwhelmed with everything.She thought it was a dream.
Melendez was a single parent，so when he was deployed(调动)，he got his sister to live with his daughter.When he was coming back and talking to his sister，both of them came to the conclusion that they should do something special for his daughter.Melendez
and his sister got in touch with the school，and they planned this whole being-in-the-classroom thing，and it turned out perfect.
The two are very much looking forward to some good daddy-daughter time now that he's home.“It means everything，” Melendez said of being able to surprise his daughter this way.“After all the sacrifices she's made，she deserves all the special arrangements and special occasions and celebrations.I'll do anything for my daughter.I believe I'm doing good parenting.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位在科威特工作的父亲提前回国，并在女儿的教室为她准备了一个惊喜的故事。
1．How did Solymar feel at first when entering the classroom? A．She was eager to hug her father. B．She felt everything was as usual. C．She got excited at seeing her father. D．She was surprised by what she saw.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was a normal school day for senior Solymar Solis”和第三段中的“As unsuspecting Solymar entered the classroom”可知，Solymar那天刚进入教室时感觉到一切如往常一样，故选项B正确。]
2．What was Melendez's attitude to the surprise? A．Content. C．Touched.
B．Astonished. D．Upset.
A [推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的“and it turned out perfect”和第五段中的“she deserves all the special arrangements and...I believe I'm doing good parenting”可以推断出，这位父亲对这次为女儿准备的惊喜是非常满意的(content)。所以选项A正确。]
3．Why did Melendez plan the surprise for Solymar? A．To get involved in her school life.
B．To show his concern for her in a special way. C．To build a strong emotional bond with her. D．To make up for what she lost in her growth.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段的描述可知，Solymar的父亲在外工作，把她托
付给姐姐照顾，这次提前回来并在姐姐和学校的帮助下安排了这次特别的见面。同时结合第五段中父亲的话可以看出，他之所以这样做就是为了弥补Solymar在成长过程中缺失的父爱。所以选项D正确。]
4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Father's Selfless Love for His Daughter B．Girl Expecting the Returning of Her Dad C．Girl Surprised at School by Her Dad's Return D．Father and Daughter's Expected Reunion
C [标题归纳题。根据全文的内容，尤其是首段第一句中的“until an unexpected visitor arrived”以及末段中的“Melendez said of being able to surprise his daughter this way”可知，父亲为了给女儿一个惊喜，所以提前回家，并在女儿所在的教室精心准备了这次见面。所以选项C体现了文章的主旨，最适合作本文标题。]
B
A long time ago，a greedy，rich man hired a great mathematician to find the best way for him to make the greatest profit in everything he did.The rich man was building a huge safe，and his greatest dream was to fill it with gold and jewels. The mathematician was shut away for months in his study.One night he appeared at the rich man's house，with a big smile on his face：“I found it！” he said.But the rich man was going on a long journey the next day，and didn't have time to listen.He promised the mathematician he would pay him double his wages if he would take charge of the business while he was away，and put the new formulas into practice.The mathematician accepted it delightedly.
The rich man returned only to find that all his possessions had gone.Furious，he went for an explanation from the mathematician，who calmly told him that he had given everything away to people.“For months I analyzed how a rich man could gain the maximum benefit，but there's a limit to how much one man can do by himself.Then I concluded that helping others was the best way to get more and more people to benefit us.”
Disappointed and furious，the greedy man stormed off，desperate at having lost everything.However，while he was walking away unhappily，several neighbors ran over，worried about him.All of them had been helped when the mathematician shared
out the rich man's fortune.Over the next few days，he saw the full results of what the mathematician had calculated.Wherever he went，everyone was willing to help him in whatever way they could.
Later，he managed to quickly set up flourishing businesses，but this time he followed the mathematician's advice.No longer did he keep his riches in a safe.Instead，he shared out his fortune among a hundred friends，whose hearts he had converted into the safest，most grateful and fruitful of safes.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位数学家让一位贪婪的富人认识到“帮助别人也是帮助自己”，并且学会了分享。
5．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A．A long journey. C．The greatest profit.
B．A huge safe. D．The best way.
B [代词指代题。根据第一段中的“The rich man was building a huge safe，and his greatest dream was to fill it with gold and jewels.”可以推断出答案。]
6．What did the mathematician do while the rich man was away? A．He got double wages.
B．He ran out of the rich man's possession by himself. C．He distributed the rich man's possession among people. D．He put the rich man's possession into a huge safe.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Furious，he went for an explanation from the mathematician，who calmly told him that he had given everything away to people.”可知，在富人不在的时候，数学家将富人的财富分给了人们。]
7．Which one is Not the rich man's feeling after the mathematician's explanation? A．Joyful. C．Angry.
B．Disappointed. D．Hopeless.
A [细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，当富人听了数学家的解释后感到“Disappointed and furious”并且“desperate at having lost everything”，所以富人当时并未感到高兴。]
8．What can we conclude from the story? A．A penny saved is a penny earned.
B．He is rich enough who owes nothing. C．Misfortune never comes alone.
D．Helping others is sometimes helping ourselves.
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No longer did he keep his riches in a safe.Instead，he shared out his fortune among a hundred friends，whose hearts he had converted into the safest，most grateful and fruitful of safes.”可知最终富人意识到受助者的心就是世界上最大最安全的保险箱。可以推断出，帮助别人有时也是帮助自己。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Many teenagers want to look cool. 1 Chloe Murray，an eighth-grader at Jefferson Middle School in the US，realized this problem and established a charitable clothes closet(衣橱)to help her peers.
2 The school let her use a room for the project.Chloe's classmates joined her as well.Last month，the charitable clothes closet，called Chloe's Closet，opened. 3 “Confidence is a real issue in middle school，especially when it comes to clothing，” Chloe told the Chicago Tribune，a daily newspaper in Chicago，the US.
4 Many people from the school's community and neighboring schools donated used and new clothes.The clothes closet is only open after school.Students can “buy” these clothes by earning “money” when they turn in their schoolwork on time，make corrections on homework，participate in a school activity or express helpfulness to their peers and teachers.Since the first week in March，about 100 items have been “sold” to students.
“ 5 Then，they will be better able to focus on the learning material rather than paying too much attention to what they are wearing，” Shannon Arko，a language arts teacher at the school，said about the mission(使命)of the closet.“Feeling good about yourself translates into a better learning experience overall.”
A．Where are the clothes from? B．Her school supported the idea too.
C．Fashion has already become an important part of students' lives. D．You need to supply children with basic needs，such as clothing.
E．But everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends. F．But not everyone can afford to keep up with the changing fashion trends. G．It's filled with trendy clothes for girls and boys to help students look their best. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个美国学生发起的并得到学校支持的慈善衣橱活动。
1．F [此处承接上文的“Many teenagers want to look cool”，再结合下文的慈善衣橱可推知，并不是每个人都有钱去紧跟时尚潮流，所以F项符合语境。]
2．B [此处承接下文中的“The school let her use a room for the project”，由此可推知，学校对克洛艾的这一举动予以支持，故B项符合语境。]
3．G [根据第一段的内容及空后一句可推知，克洛艾建立这样一个慈善衣橱是为了帮助同龄人表现出最好的状态，因此衣橱里捐赠的都是时尚的衣物，所以G项符合语境。]
4．A [根据空后一句可推知，此处介绍了捐赠的衣物的来源，所以A项符合语境。]
5．D [此处承接下文中的“Then，they will...what they are wearing”，由此可推知，只有满足学生的基本需求，比如衣物，他们才能集中注意力学习而不是过多地关注穿着，所以D项符合语境。]
课时分层作业2
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Women were only admitted (admit) into the club last year. 2．Film has a much shorter history，especially when compared(compare) with such art forms as music and painting.
3．Most people work because it is unavoidable.By contrast，there are some people who actually enjoy work.
4．The snow was icy and white，contrasting(contrast) with the brilliant blue sky. 5．Most of us are more focused on our task in the morning than we are later in the day.
6．With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him，he felt very nervous. 7．With his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about his meeting.
8．It is common to mix (mix) him with his brother.They are twin brothers. 9．When we knew he had passed(pass) the exam，we watched him in wonder. 10．With the rush-hour traffic and the heavy rain，it is no wonder(wonder) that you were late.
Ⅱ.完形填空
One day，the sewer line(污水管道)under our house burst.My first 1 was to call the plumber(水管工)．An hour later，Steve arrived in his truck.I 2 anxiously as he walked down into the damp depths.A few moments later he 3 ， saying，“It's broken.”
“Can you fix it？” I asked with a mixture of doubt and 4 ．
Steve looked at me as if scolding me for my lack of 5 ， saying，“Sure.” Then he told me he had to get a backhoe(挖土机)and 6 the street to the main sewer line and that it wouldn't be done until evening.
I didn't 7 to watch the excavation(挖掘)．All I wanted was to 8 ， go somewhere，and，upon my 9 ，see everything the way it was before the damage.
I felt somewhat 10 upon driving off in my clean vehicle，leaving Steve to such a(n) 11 task.I went into town and visited a few friends.Around 6 p．m.，I went home and saw a sweeter 12 ： the newly-paved street and a covered-up excavation across my front garden—all was tidy.
I was taken by the very idea that，sometimes terrible things might happen to an unlucky homeowner， 13 there is always somebody 14 in its solution.If that's not the reason for 15 ， I'm not sure what is.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者家的下水道污水管破裂，一位水管工费了很大的功夫帮作者修好了。他的工作一丝不苟，为此作者感激不尽。
1．A.requirement C．schedule
B．solution D．response
D [作者家的污水管道破裂，作者的第一反应(response)就是打电话给水管工，
故选D项。]
2．A.shouted C．hesitated
B．watched D．explained
B [该水管工进入下水道的时候，作者在一边焦急地看着(watched)。] 3．A.refused C．nodded
B．dropped D．appeared
D [该水管工出来(appeared)后将污水管破损情况告诉作者。] 4．A.hope C．happiness
B．anxiety D．regret
A [根据作者的问题“Can you fix it？”和句中的 “mixture”可推断，作者既怀疑又希望(hope)该水管工能胜任该工作，故选A项。]
5．A.wisdom C．faith
B．strength D．courage
C [根据上文“a mixture of doubt”中的doubt可推断，该水管工似乎在责怪作者对他没信心(faith)。]
6．A.go along C．drive into
B．get through D．tear up
D [根据“backhoe”和“the main sewer line”可知，问题比较棘手，需要将主管道上的路挖开(tear up)。]
7．A.accept C．volunteer
B．desire D．agree
B [根据下一句“All I wanted was to ， go somewhere”可推断作者不想(desire)看这挖掘过程。]
8．A.perform C．leave
B．relax D．entertain
C [根据空后的“go somewhere”可推知，作者想离开。] 9．A.return C．disappearance
B．retirement D．arrival
A [作者想离开，希望一回来(return)就能看到一切都恢复原状，故选A项。] 10．A.proud
B．upset
C．relaxed D．guilty
D [根据空后的“upon driving off in my clean vehicle，leaving Steve to such a(n) task”可推知，作者应该是有些内疚(guilty)。]
11．A.dangerous C．urgent
B．unpleasant D．meaningless
B [根据上文语境作者感到内疚，再结合常识可知，修下水道的污水管应该不是一件好差事，unpleasant“不愉快的，讨厌的”。]
12．A.situation C．environment
B．phenomenon D．sight
D [根据空后的“the newlypaved street and a coveredup excavation across my front garden — all was tidy”可推断此处指作者所看到的情景(sight)，故选D项。]
13．A.but C．and
B．so D．for
A [根据语境可知，本句前后为转折关系。尽管有时候不幸的房主会遇到一些糟糕的事情，但(but)总有一些有经验的(experienced)人会为你解决。]
14．A.interested C．successful D [参见上题解析。] 15．A.kindness C．generosity
B．gratitude D．reward B．fortunate D．experienced
B [如果那不是感激(gratitude)的原因，那“我”不知道什么是。] Ⅲ.语法填空
For many young people，going to university is one of the most important 1. (stage)of their lives.It is the time when young people will move out of 2. (they)home to live with other people，often strangers.3. (especial)in the US，people often travel very far 4. home to study.It is a time to be 5. (dependent)．
At university，you will 6. (teach)by lecturers and professors who are
leading figures in their study.The opportunity to learn from and to discuss with them is 7. drives some people to apply to university.Students are required to choose a major that
they wish to study.Apart from the 8. (academy)benefit，life at university also can allow students 9. (develop)their interests in many fields. Therefore，university is a place 10. you attain knowledge，to develop your values and to accept those who may be different.
【语篇解读】 对于大多数年轻人而言，上大学是一个非常重要的人生阶段。大学是一个获取知识，提高自身价值，并结识形形色色的人的地方。
1．stages [考查名词复数。one of后要加可数名词的复数形式，故填stages。] 2．their [考查代词。空格后是名词home，根据语境可知此处要用一个形容词性物主代词来修饰，故用their。]
3．Especially [考查副词。分析句子结构和句中的成分可知，此处要用一个副词来修饰整个句子的内容，故填Especially。]
4．from [考查介词。far from...是固定搭配，意为“远离……”。]
5．independent [考查形容词的反义词。根据句意可知，此处要用dependent的反义词作表语表示“的”，故填independent。]
6．be taught [考查动词的语态。主语是you，与teach之间是被动关系，而在空格前是助动词will，故用be taught。]
7．what [考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语，根据句意可知要填what。]
8．academic [考查形容词。空格后的benefit是一个名词，其前面要用形容词修饰，故填academic。]
9．to develop [考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”。]
10．where [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，从句中的主干成分完整，由于先行词是表示地点的place，故填关系副词where。]
课时分层作业3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Kenny Li is waiting patiently at a coach terminus(终点站)in Kowloon on a misty and cold Hong Kong morning.
He is planning to have lunch in the city of Zhuhai，which on a normal day would take him about four hours to reach by road.But today the journey will take just over 30 minutes，because today is not a normal day.
Kenny is one of scores of passengers—including the correspondent(记者)—who are queuing for a seat on one of the first cross-border coaches to travel over the newly-opened Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.
The 55 km bridge and 6.7 km undersea tunnel link Hong Kong's Lantau island to Zhuhai on the southern coast of
Guangdong Province and Macao.The mega structure is supported by three cable-stayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoon-force winds.
It took more than eight years to build and，according to ambitious plans hatched(策划)in Beijing，will help form a high-tech and economic region，namely Greater Bay Area，to rival New York，San Francisco and Tokyo bay areas.
But those lofty aims feel fairly irrelevant to the band of eager passengers who have assembled at the Kowloon coach terminus on Wednesday morning.This group wants something different from the HZMB，as it has become known.For just HK $120 for a single trip ticket，we can be part of history.
“I was the first person to get the ticket three days ago，” says Li，as he waits patiently for the coach to arrive.
Other passengers are similarly excited.YW Cheung and his wife bought the tickets on Sunday as soon as he heard about the news about coach companies running the bridge service.
“I want to take the first coach to cross the bridge，” he said.“We will meet friends in Zhuhai and eat out with them，and then we will go to Macao.”
【语篇解读】 港珠澳大桥是中国境内一座连接、珠海和澳门的桥隧工程。2018年10月24日大桥正式通车。本文主要报道了港珠澳大桥通车时人们期待乘坐长途公共汽车来往于三地的情景。
1．Why is today different for Kenny Li?
A．Because it is a misty and cold day in the morning. B．Because he has to wait patiently at a coach terminus. C．Because the time to Zhuhai will be saved more. D．Because he can have lunch in Zhuhai by road.
C [推理判断题。根据第二段可推知，对Kenny Li来说，今天之所以特殊是因为他可以乘坐贯穿港珠澳大桥的公共长途汽车，这大大地缩短了到珠海的时间，故选C。]
2．What is special for Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge? A．It can withstand typhoon-force winds.
B．A round trip ticket of the coach by it just costs HK $120. C．It is irrelevant to passengers at the Kowloon coach terminus. D．It is part of history，more brilliant than New York.
A [推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The mega structure is supported by three cablestayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoonforce winds.”可推知，港珠澳大桥的特别之处在于其能承受台风，故选A。]
3．Where does this text probably come from? A．A fashion magazine. C．A tourist brochure.
B．A history book. D．A newspaper.
D [文章出处题。根据全文的内容和语言风格可推知，本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了港珠澳大桥建成通车时的情形，由此可推知，本文可能出自一份报纸，故选D。]
B
A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family.But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers that he was not alone in the rainy，freezing cold woods.He said he was with a friend—a bear.
The child went missing on January 22 while playing with friends at his grandmother's house in the southern state of North Carolina.When the other children returned to the house and Casey did not，the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.Police formed a rescue team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods.But two days went by and still—no Casey.
Then on January 24，someone called the police saying they heard a child crying in
the woods.Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9：30 that night.Casey told the rescuers that he had hung out with a black bear for two days，a bear he called his “friend”．The woods of North Carolina are home to many black bears，like this one.
Sheriff Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies.He said Casey did not say how he was able to survive in the woods for two days in the cold，rainy weather.However，the sheriff said，“He did say he had a friend in the woods that was a bear that was with him.”
Hundreds of people helped in the search efforts，including some 600 volunteers，and members of the military.Officer Hughes told reporters that at no point did he think Casey had been kidnapped.Doctors at Carolina East Medical Centre treated Casey for minor injuries.He was then released to his family on January 25.
His mother Brittany Hathaway talked with reporters from a local news agency，“We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to come search for Casey，” said his mother.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇报道，一个三岁的小男孩在森林失踪两天奇迹生还，并声称一直有一个黑色的小熊“朋友”陪着他。
4．Who did not take part in the search and rescue work? A．Volunteers. C．Policemen.
B．Doctors. D．Soldiers.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Police formed a rescue team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods”以及倒数第二段第一句“Hundreds of people helped in the search efforts，including some 600 volunteers，and members of the military.”可知volunteers，policemen，soldiers 都参与了营救。而由倒数第二段中第三句“Doctors at Carolina East Medical Centre treated Casey for minor injuries.”可知医生是在小男孩被救出后为他做了治疗。]
5．Which of the following is true about the boy? A．The boy was captured by others.
B．The boy described how he managed to survive. C．The boy finally saw his family on January 24. D．The boy stayed with a black bear in the woods.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“When the other children returned to the house and Casey did not，the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police”可知小男孩不是被人捉走。所以A错误。根据第四段第二句“He said Casey did not say how he was able to survive in the woods for two days in the cold，rainy weather.”可知B错误。根据倒数第二段最后一句“He was then released to his family on January 25.”可知C错误。根据第一段最后一句“He said he was with a friend—a bear.”可知D正确。]
6．What did the boy's mother want to express through the local news agency? A．They were grateful to all the people who helped to rescue the boy. B．They were grateful to the doctors for treating the boy's injuries. C．It is the black bear that truly saved the boy.
D．There are many black bears in the woods of North Carolina.
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to come search for Casey”可知A正确。]
7．Where is possibly the article taken from? A．A book. C．A newspaper.
B．A guide. D．A magazine.
C [文章出处题。由文中出现的reporter的字眼结合文章的内容和特点，可大胆推测本文是一篇报道。故选C。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Just the other day，I was walking around in a Big Bazaar store doing some shopping when I saw a cashier talking to a boy who couldn't have been more than 5 or 6 years old.The cashier said，“I'm sorry，but you don't have enough money to buy this doll.” Then the little boy turned to me，almost with tears in his eyes.
I bent down and counted his cash，saying，“You know that you don't have enough money for the doll，my dear.” However，the boy was still holding the doll in his hands very firmly(牢牢地)．It was clear that he wanted it very much.Finally，I asked him who he wished to give this doll to.“It's the doll that my little sister loved most and wanted so
much.I want to buy it for her.I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she goes there.” His eyes were again so sad while telling me this.
“My sister has gone to be with God.Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too，so I think she can take the doll with her to give it to my sister.” My heart nearly stopped.The little boy looked up at me and said，“I told my dad to ask Mommy not to go yet.I need her to wait until I come back from the mall.” Then he showed me a very nice photo of him.He said，“I want Mommy to take my picture with her so that my sister won't forget me.I love my mommy and I wish she won't leave me，but Dad says she has to go to see my little sister.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
Then the little boy looked again at the doll very quietly. Paragraph 2：
The little boy smiled and said， 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
Then the little boy looked again at the doll very quietly. I quickly reached for my wallet and said to the boy，“Let's check again，just in case you have enough money for the doll.” He said，“OK，I hope I do have enough.” I added some of my money to his without him noticing it and we started to count.There was enough for the doll and even some spare money.
Paragraph 2：
The little boy smiled and said，“Thank you for giving me enough money！” Then he
looked at me and added，“I prayed last night before I went to sleep to make sure I can afford the doll so that Mommy can bring it to my little sister.I also wanted to have extra money to buy a white rose for my mommy，but I didn't dare to ask God for too much.But he gave me enough.My mommy loves white roses.”
单元综合测验
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Life In The Future
What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.It is，however，possible to use models to make forecasts about future developments.One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.
Transportation
Current trends(趋势)indicate that transportation is becoming cleaner，faster and safer.Public transportation is already well developed in most urban areas of China.New technology is being used to make sure that the cars，taxis，buses and trains we use do not pollute the air.A good example of how transportation is changing is the new maglev train，which is environmentally friendly，energy-saving and travels at an amazing speed 430 km/h.To ensure safety，the train is controlled by an advanced computer system.Scientists are also developing new fuels and engines that will let us travel without worrying about whether we are polluting the environment.
Business
It will not be business as usual in the future.Many companies and consumers have already begun reforming the way they do business.E-commerce，or business done on the Internet is becoming more and more popular as people discover the advantages of online shopping.The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.For people who do go out for shopping，shopping is no longer just a necessity.It has become a form of entertainment.Instead of searching a crowded store for basic goods，such as food and clothes，people want to go to a pleasant mall and combine shopping with fun.
【语篇解读】 未来生活是什么样子是很难预测的，但我们可以根据研究当代社会的一些主要趋势来预测未来的发展。
1．Which of the following is not the feature of future transportation? A．It will be greener. C．It will be faster.
B．It will be safer. D．It will be cheaper.
D [细节理解题。根据Transportation中的“Current trends(趋势)indicate that transportation is becoming cleaner，faster and safer.”可知，A、B、C三项是未来交通的特点，D项不是，故选D项。]
2．What's the definition of E-commerce? A．It is business done on the Internet. B．It is business related to electricity. C．It is business related to electronics. D．It is business done by electricians.
A [细节理解题。根据Business中的“Ecommerce，or business done on the Internet...”可知,business done on the Internet是对E-commerce的解释或补充说明。故选A项。]
3．What will the future mall be like?
A．In the mall people can not only shop but also have fun. B．The future mall will be as large as a small city. C．People can do anything in the future mall. D．The future mall will offer everything people need.
A [细节理解题。根据Business中对未来的商场的描写可知，在那儿人们不仅可以购物还能享受快乐，但不是你想要的所有的东西都会在那儿得到。故选A项。]
B
At first sight the planet Mars does not appear very welcoming to any kind of life.It has very little oxygen and water.The temperature at night is below 50 degrees and winds of 100 miles(161 kilometers)per hour cause severe dust storms.However，the surface of the planet seems to show that water flowed across it at some time in the past，and it is believed that there would be enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it
melted.Although there is no life on the Mars now，some scientists think there may have been some form of life a long time ago.At that time，the planet had active volcanoes(火山)，the atmosphere was thicker and warmer，and there was water.In fact，in some ways the Mars may have been similar to the earth，where life exists.
Some people believe that the Mars could support life in the future if the right conditions were produced.The first step would be to warm the planet using certain gases which trap the sun's heat in the planet's atmosphere.With warmth，water and carbon dioxide，simple plants could begin to grow.These plants could slowly make the Mars fit to live on.It is judged that the whole process might take between 100，000 and 200，000 years.In the meantime，people could begin to live on the planet in a special closed environment.They would provide a lot of useful information about conditions on the Mars and the problems connected with living there.
【语篇解读】 本文是科教类文章，主要分析了火星上的现状以及对过去火星历史的推测，从而预估了未来火星适合人类生存的可能性。
4．According to the passage，the planet Mars has no on it. A．winds C．mountains
B．dust D．animals
D [细节理解题。在第一段中的细节中提到了winds，dust storms，volcanoes，但是没有涉及D项，根据“Although there is no life on the Mars now...”可知,火星上没有动物生存，故选D项。]
5．It is believed that on the Mars now ． A．there is a large amount of ice at the poles B．there is a thicker and warmer atmosphere C．there are some kinds of simple plants D．there are many active volcanoes
A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...and it is believed that there would be enough ice at the poles to cover the planet with water if it melted.”可知,火星的两极有大量的冰，融化后就会有水，故A项正确。]
6．What is the topic of Paragraph 2?
A．Certain gases should be used to warm the Mars.
B．Plants should be grown to make the Mars fit to live on. C．The Mars could support life on right conditions in the future. D．People could live on the Mars in a special closed environment.
C [主旨大意题。根据第二段的叙述可知,本段主要讲未来在火星上如何创造适合人类生存的条件，也就是说第一句话为本段的主题句，故C项正确。]
7．The most suitable title for the passage is “ ”． A．No Life on the Mars B．Study of the Mars
C．The Possibility of Life on the Mars D．Future Conditions on the Mars
C [标题归纳题。本文主要分析了火星上的现状以及对过去火星历史的推测，从而预估了未来火星适合人类生存的可能性，故C项作为题目合适。]
C
According to a new US study，couples who expect their children to look after them in old age should hope they have daughters because daughters are twice as attentive as sons overall.
The research by Angelina Grigoryeva，from Princeton University，found that，while women provide as much care for their elderly parents as they can manage，men do as little as they can get away with and often leave it to female family members.
Her analysis of the family networks of 26，000 older Americans concluded that gender(性别)is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.
In a paper presented at the annual conference of the American Sociological Association in San Francisco，she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.
Using data from the University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study，a study which has been tracking a cross-section of over-50s for the last decade，she calculated that women provide an average of 12.3 hours a month of care for elderly parents while men offer only 5.6 hours.
“Sons reduce their relative caregiving efforts when they have a sister，while daughters increase theirs when they have a brother.”
“This suggests that sons pass on parent caregiving responsibilities to their sisters.” In the UK，the 2011 Census showed that there are now around 6.5 million people with caring responsibilities，a figure which has risen by a tenth in a decade.
But many are doing so at the risk of their health.The census showed that those who provide 50 hours or more of care a week while trying to hold down a full-time job are three times more likely to be struggling with ill health than their working counterparts who are not carers.
【语篇解读】 研究表明在照顾年迈的父母方面，性别差异影响着照顾父母的时间长短。女儿比儿子更愿意付出时间照顾父母。家中有姐妹的男士常把照顾父母的责任推给姐妹。
8．According to the passage，what's the most important factor to predict if people will actively care for the elderly?
A．Education. C．Career.
B．Gender. D．Income.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“concluded that gender(性别)is one of the most important things that decide whether or not people will actively care for their elderly parents.”可知，预测人们是否会主动照顾老年人的最主要因素之一是性别。]
9．The US study finds that ．
A．having a sister makes men less likely to look after their parents B．sons are twice as likely as daughters to care for parents in old age C．sons and daughters seem to give equal care to their parents
D．sons are unwilling to leave care-giving responsibilities to their sisters
A [细节理解题。根据第四段“In a paper...in San Francisco，she concludes that simply having a sister makes men likely provide less care.”可知， Angelina Grigoryeva得出结论，家中有姐妹的男士对父母的照顾可能会更少，与A项内容一致。]
10．What does the author stress in the last paragraph? A．People should give up their jobs to care for the elderly. B．Many care providers work longer hours than others. C．Many care providers have potential health problems. D．People shouldn't pass on caring responsibilities to others.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的主题句“But many are doing so at the risk of
their health.”及下文可知，在最后一段作者着重指出很多护理提供者都有潜在的健康问题。]
11．The author develops the text by ． A．explaining social networks of careers B．describing people's experiences C．comparing different gender behaviors D．analyzing various research and data
D [写作手法题。通读全文可知，作者在第三、五、八段给出了研究的数据，接着在相应数据段落的下一段分析得出结论。由此可推知，这篇文章是以分析各种研究和数据得出相关结论的写作手法展开的。]
D Life in 2060
Let us suppose it is now about AD 2060.Let's make believe it is about a few dozen years from now.Of course，things have changed and life is very different.
Voyages to the moon are being made every day.It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe.At a number of scenic spots on the moon，many hotels have been built.The hotels are air-conditioned，naturally.In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon，every room has at least one picture window.Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment(娱乐)of young and old.
What are people eating now？People are still eating food.They haven't yet started to use supplies of energy directly as electrical currents or as nuclear power.They may some day.But many foods now come in pill form，and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.
Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago，most of our planet's surface has to be filled.The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests.The harvest is always good.
Farming，of course，is very highly developed.Very few people have to work on the farm.It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.
People are now largely vegetarians(素食者)．You see，as the number of people increases，the number of animals decreases.Therefore，the people have to be vegetarians
and we are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds，and we know the causes and cures of disease and pain，and it is possible to get rid of diseases.No one has to be ill any more.
Such would be our life in 2060.
【语篇解读】 作者通过对2060年人类生活的描述，为读者勾勒出一幅美好的生活图画：月球上度假生活，用水浇灌沙漠，没有虫害的庄稼，健康的绿色食品等等。
12．According to the passage，what will be on the moon in about AD 2060? A．Many tourists. C．Many plants.
B．Many other animals. D．A sea.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段内容，2060年以后，人们每天都可以到月球旅游，月球上就有许多游客。故选A项。]
13．What will people eat then according to the passage? A．Biscuits in pill form. C．Foods in water form.
B．Foods in pill form. D．Foods in gas form.
B [细节理解题。由第三段最后一句“But many foods now come in pill form，and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.”可得出答案。]
14．The passage tells us that in 2060， on the earth than now. A．there are fewer population B．there are more pests C．there is less water D．the crops are getting better
D [推理判断题。由第四段可知，到2060年，人口将更多，沙漠用水浇灌，庄稼不再被害虫毁坏，收成总是很好。]
15．Why are people largely vegetarians in 2060? A．Because they don't eat meat.
B．Because doctors advise them not to eat meat. C．Because the number of animals decreases. D．Because all the animals have died of diseases.
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二、三句话可知答案。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house.The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party.The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 16 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
17 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores.Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.Even if there isn't a registry，a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with，like a piece of art or a plant.
18 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will，however，probably give all the guests a tour of their new home.Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home，people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 19
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 20 Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.
A．This isn't usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D．If you're lucky enough to receive gifts，keep them in a safe place. E．It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F．The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G．This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及来源。
16．E [本空是过渡句。结合空前一句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.”和空后一句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.”可知，空处讲的应是乔迁聚会
给人们带来的好处，因此E项符合语境。]
17．B [本空是段落主题句。结合本段中的“a good housewarming gift...or a plant.”可知，本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会是一个传统，B项符合语境。]
18．C [本空是过渡句。根据空后一句“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.”可知，空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享，故C项符合语境。]
19．A [本空是段尾句。根据空前一句可知，在乔迁聚会上让人们帮忙打开箱子不常见，所以A项符合语境。]
20．G [本空是过渡句。结合上文中的“bring firewood to a new home as a gift” 和空后一句“Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm.”可知，空处应与取暖相关，故G项符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
What kinds of homes will we live in the future? 21 can be sure，but scientists are working out new ideas now.
Some scientists are 22 about building whole cities under huge glass domes(圆盖)． 23 ，advanced heating and cooling systems will be necessary to control the weather in the domes. 24 ，there will never be any rain or snow，and the temperature will always be 25 ．
Perhaps everyone will live in vertical(垂直的)cities—high rises 26 are so large that they can contain all the necessities of life.Since vertical cities will use 27 land than flat cities，and provide homes 28 more people，they will be practical for small countries that have 29 populations.
30 idea that will be helpful to small countries is the 31 city.Monaco has already built homes，stores and offices 32 the water of the Mediterranean Sea.
There are some people who think that we will 33 living in caves.But the caves of the future will be 34 the caves of the Stone Age.Farms and parks will be on the land over the cave city.When people want to go to the country or to a park，a short 35 in a lift will take them there.
【语篇解读】 没有人知道未来的房子是什么样的，但科学家已经构思出了几种模式。
21．A.Somebody
B．Anybody
C．Nobody D．Everybody
C [没人能肯定“将来的住处是什么样的”，故用nobody。] 22．A.thinking C．imagining
B．considering D．suggesting
A [think about doing意为“思考/思索做某事”，而consider doing为固定搭配，consider后不加介词，直接跟动词-ing形式。]
23．A.On the other hand C．Of course
B．As a result D．At the same time
C [建造圆盖下的城市当然需要必要的系统，而of course意为“当然”。] 24．A.Similarly C．Accordingly
B．However D．Moreover
B [however使文章前后形成转折。] 25．A.cool C．comfortable
B．warm D．satisfied
C [圆盖下城市的温度应是“令人舒适的”。] 26．A.that C．where
B．they D．who
A [that引导定语从句，并且在从句中作从句主语，修饰high rises。其他词不合语境。]
27．A.wider C．less
B．more D．larger
C [与后文的more形成对比。] 28．A.on C．with
B．to D．for
D [provide与for构成固定搭配。] 29．A.small C．a few
B．large D．many
B [与上文的small形成对比。] 30．A.One C．Next
B．Second D．Another
D [文中提到数条观点，因此用another。] 31．A.floating C．shipping
B．flowing D．blowing
A [由下文中提到的摩纳哥已建水上城市可知用floating，意为“漂浮”。] 32．A.in C．over
B．above D．on
D [“在水上”用on the water，而over the water意为“在水上方(不接触)”。] 33．A.be used to C．go back to
B．be D．continue
C [从上文中cities到下文中caves，应有“回归”之意，故用go back to。] 34．A.similar to C．in place of
B．compared to D．different from
D [根据下文可知，两种时代的山洞生活应是不同的，故用different from。] 35．A.ride C．living
B．drive D．travel
A [“乘坐电梯”意思为ride in a lift，而drive为“驾驶”之意。] Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for 36. (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，37. she opened with her late husband Les.Her years of hard work have 38. (final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 39. (declare)she had no plans 40. (retire)from her 36-year-old business.Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 41. (make)over the years.I work not because I have to， 42. because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31—who works alongside her in the family
business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award.She said，
“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call
43. (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was 44. joke.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.We are so proud of her.It's 45. (wonder)．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一位90岁的英国女性仍然坚持每周工作40个小时而获得“年度女性奖”的事迹。语篇以积极工作为切入点，宣扬劳动精神，引导学生培养劳动意识。
36．being [考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。] 37．which [考查非性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非性定语从句。]
38．finally [考查副词。副词修饰动词acknowledge。]
39．declared [考查时态。分析句子结构可知，主句中缺少谓语动词；结合后面的had可知，此处应使用一般过去时。]
40．to retire [考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，表示“她没有退休的计划”。]
41．have made [考查时态。根据空格后的时间状语over the years可知，句子要用现在完成时。]
42．but [考查连词。not...but...不是……而是……。句意：我工作不是因为我必须工作，而是因为我想工作。]
43．saying [考查非谓语动词。say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying，现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰a call。]
44．a [考查冠词。joke“笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后用了单数joke，故其前用a。]
45．wonderful [考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。系动词is后面跟形容词作表语。wonder对应的形容词是wonderful。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
最近，你班举行了一个“What will the future be like？”的专题讨论会，请你写一篇80词左右的短文来描述讨论结果。 有些人认为 未来科学更发达，交通更方便，人的寿命更长，生活水平更高 有些人认为 你的看法 未来自然资源更少，可耕地(farmland)锐减，环境污染更严重，交通事故更多 应重视保护自然资源，减少环境污染 【参考范文】
Recently our class has held a heated discussion on “What will the future be like？”There are different opinions about it.
Some students think that in the future science will be more advanced，and transportation will be more convenient.What's more，people will live much longer and the level of their living conditions will be higher.
However，some students hold the view that in the future natural resources will further decrease and farmland will become lost.To make things worse，there will be more traffic accidents.
In my opinion，we should try to protect natural resources and decrease environment pollution.Only in this way can we have a beautiful future.
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Walking up to the ringing phone，I looked at my clock.Midnight.Panicky thoughts filled my sleepy mind as I grabbed the receiver.
“Hello？” My heart pounded.
“Mama？” The voice answered.My thoughts immediately went to my daughter. When I heard the sound of a young crying voice，I grabbed my husband. “Mama，I know it's late.But don't say anything until I finish.And before you ask，yes，I've been drinking.I nearly ran off the road a few miles back and...”
I took a sharp breath，released my husband，and pressed my hand against my forehead(额头)．Something wasn't right.
“And I got so scared.I want to come home.I know running away was wrong.I should have called you days ago but I was afraid...”
I tried to talk：“I think...”
“No! Please let me finish！” She said，desperately.Before I could go on，she continued.“I'm pregnant(怀孕的)，Mama.I know I shouldn't be drinking...but I'm scared，Mama.”
I bit into my lip(嘴唇)，feeling my eyes filled with tears.My husband left the room，and returned seconds later with a cell phone against his ear.
She asked，“Are you still there? Please don't hang up on me! I feel so lonely.” I held the phone.“I'm here.I wouldn't hang up，” I said.
“I should have told you，Mama.But when we talk，you just keep telling me what I should do.You read all those pamphlets(手册)on how to talk to kids，but all you do is talk.You don't listen to me.Because you're my mother，you think you have all the answers.But sometimes I don't need answers.I just want someone to listen.”
I stared at the how-to-talk-to-your-kids pamphlets on my nightstand(床头柜)．“I'm listening，” I whispered.
Then she said she had called a taxi.When the taxi arrived，she hung up. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
I went to my 16-year-old daughter's room. Paragraph 2：
I looked at our sleeping daughter. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
I went to my 16-year-old daughter's room.My husband came from behind.My daughter was sleeping quietly.I looked at my husband，and he was also looking at me.“We have to learn to listen，” I said to him.He studied me for a second，and then asked，“Do you think she will ever know that she dialed the wrong number？”
Paragraph 2：
I looked at our sleeping daughter.She was sleeping with a smile on her face.Maybe she was dreaming a nice dream.She didn't know what had happened.She didn't know her mother had learned something important just now.It's necessary to tell children what to do，but it's more important to listen to them.I stood there for a while，thinking about the whole thing.Then I looked back at my husband and said to him，“Maybe it wasn't such a wrong number.”
Unit 2 Lessons in life
课时分层作业1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Possession(财产)is something that you own or have with you at a particular time.
2．I think you're being far too pessimistic(悲观的)． 3．The warm weather is abnormal(不正常的) for February. 4．The widespread(广泛流传的) rumor hurt him deeply. 5．His work received much recognition(认可)． 6．Nothing could weaken(削弱)his resolve to continue. 7．How much is the membership fee(费用)?
8．We anticipate(预料)that sales will rise next year.
9．He went to a store and bought a bottle of pure(纯净的)water. 10．My salary is low，so I can't lead a life of luxury (奢侈)． Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
When I was 17，I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay，once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay.She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death.On a sunny Saturday，Sally and I drove over to the museum.She asked，“Do you have the address？” “No，but I'll recognise it，there was a picture in the magazine.”
“Oh，stop.There it is！”
The museum was free.We entered，excited.A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.
“May I help you？” a man asked.“No，” I said.“We're fine.” Tour guides got on my nervous.What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren't that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs.The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的)，keeping their eyes on me with curiosity.What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room.Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me.“Where do you think you are？” he asked.I turned sharply.“The McNay Art Museum！” He smiled，shaking his head.“Sorry，the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.” “What's this place？” I asked，still confused.“Well，it's our home.” My heart jolted(震颤)．I raced to the staircase and called out，“Sally! Come down immediately！”
“There's some really good stuff(艺术作品)up there.” She stepped down，looking confused.I pushed her toward the front door，waving at the family，saying，“Sorry，please forgive us，you have a really nice place.” Outside，when I told Sally what had happened，she covered her mouth，laughing.She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid，but we felt nervous the whole time we were there.Van Gogh，Picasso.This time，we stayed together，in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later，a woman approached me in a public place.“Excuse me，did you
ever enter a residence，long ago，thinking it was the McNay Museum？”
“Yes.But how do you know? We never told anyone.”
“That was my home.I was a teenager sitting in the hall.Before you came over，I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.I never felt lucky before.You thought it was a museum.My feelings about my home changed after that.I've always wanted to thank you.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者17岁的时候和好友去博物馆，结果误闯民宅。30年后，这家的一位成员认出了作者并感谢作者让她意识到自己家的美。
1．What do we know about Marian McNay? A．She was a painter.
B．She was a community leader. C．She was a museum director. D．She was a journalist.
A [细节理解题。第一段说，McNay是水彩画家(watercolorist)，她要求社区在她死后把她曾经居住的地方改成博物馆，由此判断她是个画家。]
2．Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house? A．She disliked people who were nosy. B．She felt nervous when talking to strangers. C．She knew more about art than the man. D．She mistook him for a tour guide.
D [推理判断题。根据题干信息，我们把答案定位在第四段。作者和朋友来到这个博物馆，然后有人询问是否需要帮助的时候，作者说导游让她紧张，从这些信息判断，作者误以为这个人是导游，因此选D。]
3．How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall? A．Puzzled. C．Frightened.
B．Concerned. D．Delighted.
A [推理判断题。根据题干的“被大厅里的人盯着看”判断，本题答案在第四段。该段说，当作者发现大厅里的人似乎都喜欢窥探，都好奇地盯着自己的时候，心想，“他们这是怎么了”(What was their problem)。从这些信息推断选A，作者对
此十分困惑。]
4．Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words? A．The real museum lacked enough artworks to interest her. B．She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum. C．The McNay was disappointing compared with the house. D．The event happening in the house was more significant.
D [推理判断题。第六段说作者和朋友来到真正的McNay博物馆，但是她们一直觉得紧张，害怕又出现先前那种不同寻常的事。由此推断，她们一直想着先前误闯他人的家的事，因此选D。]
B
Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza theatre，employees were busy sweeping up popcorn and gathering Coke cups.It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theatre's 75-year history.This time，however，the cleanup was a little different.As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theatre equipment in preparation for the building's end.
The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theatre.Though the movie is 30 years old，most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.Theatre owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theatre is preparing to close down.
Bradford said that large modern theatres in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete.He added that the theatre's location(位置)was also a reason.“This used to be the centre of town，”he said.“Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”
Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theatre into a museum and public meeting place.However，these plans were abandoned because of financial problems.Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm，which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theatre is located.
The theatre audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time.After 75 years the Plaza Theatre had shown its last movie.The theatre will be
missed.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。最后一场电影结束几分钟后，工作人员忙着清理爆米花，收拾可乐杯子。这是在电影院75年的历史中被重复了很多次的普通一幕，但这一次清扫工作有点儿不同。到底是什么原因使得它与众不同呢？快读读文章，来寻找答案吧！
5．In what way was yesterday's cleanup at the Plaza special? A．It made room for new equipment. B．It signaled the closedown of the theatre. C．It was done with the help of the audience. D．It marked the 75th anniversary of the theatre.
B [推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“This time，however，the cleanup was a little different.As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theatre equipment in preparation for the building's end.”可知，这次清扫工作有点儿不同，清理完垃圾后，工作人员也要把椅子和其他影院设备搬走，因为这个电影院要关门了，故选B项。]
6．Why was The Last Picture Show put on? A．It was an all-time classic.
B．It was about the history of the town. C．The audience requested it. D．The theatre owner found it suitable.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theatre owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.”可知，影院选择放映电影The Last Picture Show，是因为影院老板认为它比较合适。故选D项。]
7．What will probably happen to the building? A．It will be repaired.
B．It will be turned into a museum. C．It will be knocked down.
D．It will be sold to the city government.
C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“...which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theatre is located.”可知，Bradford把楼和地卖给了一家当地的
开发公司，这家公司打算在这个地方建一家购物中心，由此可以推断出，这个楼会被拆除(be knocked down)，选C项。]
8．What can we infer about the audience? A．They are disappointed with Bradford. B．They are sad to part with the old theatre. C．They are supportive of the city officials. D．They are eager to have a shopping centre.
B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Though the movie is 30 years old，most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.”可知，观众对电影院很有感情，挥泪告别这座老建筑，故选B项。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Tips for Healthy，White Teeth
·Go on a white-teeth diet.If you're quaffing(畅饮)red wine and black tea，or smoking cigarettes，expect the results to show up as not-so-pearly whites.
·Throw away your toothbrush or electric toothbrush head every two to three months. 1 According to dentist Harold Katz，the best way to brush is by placing your toothbrush at a 45-degree angle against your gums(牙龈)and gently moving it in a circular motion.Grip the toothbrush like a pencil so you won't scrub(刷洗)too hard.
·Use a tongue scraper(刮刀)every morning to remove tongue plaque(舌斑)and freshen breath.One cause of bad breath is the build-up of bacteria on the tongue，which a daily tongue scraping will help banish(清除)． 2 ·Eat “detergent(清洁剂)” foods that are firm or crisp to help clean teeth as you munch(咀嚼)． 3 For best results，make “detergent” foods the final food you eat in your meal if you know you won't be able to brush your teeth after eating.
·Stay fresh.Check by licking(舔) your palm and smelling it while it's wet.If you smell something，it's time for a sugar-free breath mint(薄荷)．Shopping for mouthwash? 4 Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue，making it more prone(易于)to bacteria.
·Brushing your teeth first and last are the two most crucial times of the day，as saliva(唾液)which keeps plaque off teeth，dries up at night，so it's best to have all plaque
cleaned off the teeth before sleep. 5
A．Make sure it's alcohol free.
B．Apples are good，as are raw carrots，celery and popcorn. C．Otherwise，you're just transferring bacteria to your mouth. D．However，the bacteria won't be staying on the top of your tongue. E．It's more effective than brushing your tongue with a toothbrush too. F．When you sleep without bacteria in your mouth，you will feel much better. G．It's also important to brush first in the morning to remove plaque and bacteria built up as you slept.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了六条保持牙齿洁白、健康的建议。
1．C [根据此空前“Throw away your toothbrush...every two to three months.”可知，每隔两到三个月要换一次牙刷，本空应说明这样做的原因。C项“否则你就是在把细菌转移到嘴巴里。”符合语境。]
2．E [根据空前的“One cause of bad breath...which a daily tongue scraping will help banish(清除)．”可知，刮舌板有助于有效清除舌头上堆积的细菌，故此处描述的是刮舌板的益处。E项意为“这比用牙刷刷你的舌面更加有效”，符合上下文逻辑。其中it 指代“Use a tongue scraper（刮刀）every morning...”这件事。]
3．B [根据空前建议吃有清洁作用的硬的或脆的食物，可以边咀嚼边清洗牙齿可知，此段应涉及所吃的食物。只有B项中出现了食物。故选B项。]
4．A [根据本空后“Mouthwashes with too much alcohol can dry out mouth tissue...”可知，此处应是建议使用不含酒精的漱口水。故选A项。]
5．G [根据最后一段，建议起床后第一件事和睡觉前最后一件事是刷牙，以及本空前描述要在睡觉前刷牙可知，此处应该是早晨起来也要刷牙。G项意为“同样重要的是早晨起来先刷牙，以此来清除夜间睡觉堆积起来的牙菌斑和细菌”，符合逻辑。故选G项。]
课时分层作业2
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．After working abroad for a year，Tom feels something is missing (miss) from his life.
2．The magazine is published weekly(week)． 3．His bravery(brave) won him the glory. 4．Since ancient times，China has been(be) a united whole. 5．The gunman，whose mask had slipped，fled.
6．There has been an increase in the number of mature students going (go)to university，after working for a few or many years.
7．He gives the bird to the neighbor's little girl，curing(cure)her illness. 8．My houses were damaged(damage)in the earthquake. 9．Teenagers should be educated(educate)to take care of themselves from an early age.
10．You will be given(give)another day to make your decision. Ⅱ.完形填空
Göran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer.In 1972，at the age of six，with his father's help，he 1 Galdhopiggen，the highest mountain in Northern Europe.Twenty-four years later，he stood on the highest peak in the world，Mount Everest.His journey to the 2 shows just how independent，persistent(坚持的)，and determined this 3 man is.
Kropp bicycled 8，000 miles and arrived at the foothills of Mount Everest.Traveling by bike was not 4 .He stopped many times to 5 his bike because rough roads caused mechanical problems for him.
Kropp 6 to climb Mount Everest the same way he traveled to the mountain：without the 7 of a guide and without modern conveniences.He did not 8 bottled oxygen to help him 9 at high altitudes，and he carried all of his 10 himself in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds.
It took Kropp 11 tries to reach the top of Mount Everest.The first time，he had to 12 only 350 feet from the top because of the dangerous weather.Just a few days earlier，at the same level eight climbers had died because of a sudden snowstorm in the mountain.He felt deep sorrow for them，but became more 13 ．The mountaineer waited out the storm， 14 ， and tried again a few days later.This time，he was
15 ．After he walked down the mountain，he got back on his bike and rode the 8，000 miles back to Sweden.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了Göran Kropp这位瑞典探险家和登山者两次骑车探险的经历，彰显其、执着和坚定的品格。
1．A.heard of C．saw
B．dreamed of D．climbed
D [根据上文“Göran Kropp was a Swedish adventurer and mountaineer.”可知，Göran Kropp是瑞典探险家和登山者；再结合该句语境可推知，他在六岁时，在父亲的帮助下登上北欧最高峰Galdhopiggen。故D项正确。]
2．A.top C．area
B．country D．valley
A [根据空前一句可知，在二十四年后，他登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰；由此可知，他登上世界之顶的壮举展示了他的、坚韧不拔的精神。故A项正确。]
3．A.outstanding C．modest
B．generous D．honest
A [上文提到他登上了世界最高峰，故可推知他是一个杰出的人。outstanding意为“杰出的”，故A项正确。]
4．A.boring C．tiring
B．easy D．busy
B [根据常识和下文中的“He stopped many times to his bike...”可知，骑行去珠穆朗玛峰山脚下是不容易的。故B项正确。]
5．A.lock C．repair
B．ride D．find
C [根据下文中的“because rough roads caused mechanical problems for him”可知，由于崎岖的道路引发自行车机械故障，所以他不得不多次停下修理(repair)自行车。故C项正确。]
6．A.chose C．agreed
B．refused D．hated
A [根据下文中的“without the of a guide and without modern
conveniences”可知，Kropp选择了他到山脚下的同样的方式去攀登山峰，即没有向导以及现代设备的帮助(assistance)。故A项正确。]
7．A.presence C．assistance C [参见上题解析。] 8．A.gather C．share
B．order D．bring B．approval D．knowledge
D [根据语境可知，他没有带(bring)氧气瓶帮助自己在高山上呼吸(breathe)。故D项正确。]
9．A.breathe C．live
A [参见上题解析。] 10．A.medicines C．clothes
B．food D．equipment B．walk D．stay
D [根据该句中的“he carried all of...in a pack that weighed about 140 pounds”可知，他用一个大背包自带所有设备(equipment)，总重大概140磅。故D项正确。]
11．A.two C．many
B．three D．several
A [根据下文中的“The first time”以及该段倒数第三句中的“and tried again a few days later”可知，Kropp尝试了两次才登上珠穆朗玛峰。故A项正确。]
12．A.go on C．set out
B．get up D．turn back
D [根据该句中的“because of the dangerous weather”可知，第一次登山时，由于天气太危险，他不得不在离山顶只有350英尺的地方折回。D项意为“折回”，故D项正确。]
13．A.astonished C．satisfied
B．determined D．discouraged
B [根据上文内容以及下文中的“tried again a few days later”可知，虽然他为故去的登山者感到悲伤，但是他变得更加坚定了。故B项正确。]
14．A.hid
B．stopped
C．survived D．rested
D [根据该句语境可知，这位登山者等暴风雪过去，休息数天，之后再次开始登山。故D项正确。]
15．A.thoughtful C．doubtful
B．successful D．meaningful
B [根据下文中的“After he walked down the mountain”可知，这次他成功地登上了珠穆朗玛峰。故B项正确。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界)1. a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side
2. (effect)such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required 3. (process)the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.When fat and salt 4. (remove)from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.As 5. result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.Even 6. (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.Fast food 7. (be)full of fat and salt；by 8. (eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food.However，be 9. (care)not to go to extremes.Like anything，it is possible to have too much of both， 10. is not good for the health.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了饮食低脂、低盐的利弊以及对人体健康的影响。
1．as [考查介词。此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法，所以用介词as。] 2．effects [考查名词复数。side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。]
3．to process [考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。require sth.to do sth.需要某物
做某事，此处用了被动语态结构，所以填动词不定式to process作主语补足语。]
4．are removed [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，由于主语fat and salt是复数概念，且与remove是被动关系，所以填一般现在时的被动语态结构are removed。]
5．a [考查固定搭配中的冠词。as a result结果，是固定搭配。]
6．worse [考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。]
7．is [考查时态和主谓一致。根据行文的时态可知，此处用一般现在时；句子的主语Fast food(快餐)是不可数名词短语，故填be的第三人称单数形式is。]
8．eating [考查非谓语动词之动名词。表示方式的介词by之后接动名词作宾语。]
9．careful [考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。]
10．which [考查非性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所填词引导非性定语从句并在从句中作主语，且指代整个主句的内容，故填关系代词which。]
课时分层作业3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I first met Paul Newman in 1968，when George Roy Hill，the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid，introduced us in New York City.When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well–known as Paul—he stood up for me.I don't know how many people would have done that；they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference，we both came from a tradition of theatre and live TV.We were respectful of craft(技艺)and
focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors：humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each other—but always with an underlying affection.Those were also at the core(核心)of our relationship off the screen.
We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success，you should put something back—he with his Newman's Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill，and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly，but sharing that brought us together.We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
I last saw him a few months ago.He'd been in and out of the hospital.He and I both knew what the deal was，and we didn't talk about it.Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了与Paul的相识及与其建立友谊的原因，两人虽不常见面但是却因共同的信念而保持着友谊。
1．Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first? A．Paul Newman wanted it.
B．The studio powers didn't like his agent. C．He wasn't famous enough.
D．The director recommended someone else.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When the studio didn't want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well–known as Paul—he stood up for me.”可知，摄影棚起初不愿意给作者角色的原因是想找一个与Paul一样著名的人物。故可知作者当时不够有名。该题选C项。]
2．Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship? A．They were of the same age. B．They worked in the same theatre. C．They were both good actors. D．They had similar characteristics.
D [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“We were respectful of craft(技艺)and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors”可知，作者与Paul之所以拥有
持久的友谊是因为他们有相似的性格特征。故D项符合题意。]
3．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Their belief.
B．Their care for children. C．Their success.
D．Their support for each other.
A [代词指代题。根据第三段中的“We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success，you should put something back”可知，下文的内容是对the belief的解释，that引导同位语从句，解释说明the belief的具体内容。下文提到了我们并不经常见面，但是分享这个信念把我们带到了一起。故选A项。]
4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To show his love of films. B．To remember a friend. C．To introduce a new movie. D．To share his acting experience.
B [写作意图题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“I first met Paul Newman in 1968”以及最后一段中的“I last saw him a few months ago”可知，该篇文章的写作目的是回忆一位朋友，所以选B项。]
B
When she was a little girl，Margarita Engle spent her summers in Cuba，where she says she fell in love with nature.
Engle，66，was born to a Cuban mother and an American father.Her annual visits to the Caribbean island from her home in California shaped her life and inspired her to become a poet and writer.The Poetry Foundation recently named her its Young People's Poet Laureate，a role Engle plans to use to encourage children and teenagers to write down their feelings.
“Magic happens when you put your emotions in writing，”she said.
Engle says she has always liked poetry.At age 6，she wrote her first poem about nature.After looking around while taking a walk one day in California，she wrote a rhymed poem about the shapes of hills.As a teen，she wrote sonnets(十四行诗)about
nature and stories about people in Cuba.
Some of her books explore the island，its people，markets and landmarks.Her new picture book，All the Way to Havana，features American cars from the 1940s and 1950s.Forest World，a new novel，introduces Edver to readers，an 11-year-old who lives in Miami，Florida，with his mother and is shipped off to Cuba to see his birthplace and meet his Cuban family.When he arrives in Havana，the capital，he learns he has an older sister，Luza，who stayed on the island with her father and grandfather.The two go on an adventure into a Cuban forest.
“The emotions of the characters are similar to what many children feel when they are separated from loved ones，”Engle said.She hopes that people facing similar challenges can find support and comfort in poetry.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Engle童年时每年往返于古巴和美国，这让她得以亲近自然，并激发了她的创作热情，使她最终成为一位知名的诗人和作家。
5．What made Engle a poet? A．Her visits to Cuba. B．Days spent in California. C．Magic skills in practicing writing.
D．Encouragement from the Poetry Foundation.
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her annual visits to the Caribbean island from her home in California shaped her life and inspired her to become a poet and writer.”可知A项正确。]
6．We can learn from the text that young Engle probably ． A．enjoyed indoor games B．found inspiration in nature C．liked exploring cities in Florida D．made friends with Cuban people
B [推理判断题。根据第一段和第四段中的“At age 6，she wrote her first poem about nature...she wrote sonnets(十四行诗)about nature”可知，儿时的Engle爱上了大自然，还写了关于大自然的诗，因此可推断她从大自然中获得了创作灵感，故选B。]
7．What is TRUE about Forest World? A．It is a new picture book. B．It is based on a real-life event. C．It talks about an adventure story. D．It describes family ties between countries.
D [推理判断题。根据第五段提到的小说Forest World的内容可知，该书描写的是Edver离开美国佛罗里达州前往古巴哈瓦那探亲的故事，揭示的是分隔在两个国家的家庭亲情，故选D。]
8．What does Engle stress in the last paragraph? A．The frequent changes of emotions. B．The challenges in writing poems. C．The separations from family members. D．The links between life and literature.
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Engle认为无论是在作品中还是在现实中，孩子离别亲人时心底迸发的情感是相似的，她希望面临这种处境的人能从诗歌中寻觅到支持和慰藉。故Engle在此强调生活与文学作品的联系。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I should have been born with my fingers permanently glued to a keyboard.Since I was five，I've known that I want to be a professional writer：a journalist，a novelist，a modern-day Shakespeare，maybe.In my freshman year I tried to figure out what A Midsummer Night's Dream and The Tragedy of Julius Caesar were about.Macbeth was much easier to understand in my sophomore year(大二年级)．
However，I'm practically addicted to books，whether I'm reading or writing them.I can't go a single day without writing something.I have made it a rule to pick up a pen and just let my thoughts out every day.
I can be inspired by anything：an expression，a song and a movie.Once I get inspired, it's like the wheels turning faster and faster as I think out one possible story after another.
My family is so widespread that whenever I meet with a cousin or an aunt I only vaguely(模糊地)remember；I tell him or her I'm a writer because I know it will distinguish me from all the other kids in the family and make me memorable.I told my relatives about the stories I used to write as a child，the projects I'm working on now，and why I'm working so hard to make a breakthrough in the competitive world of publishing.One aunt hugged me and told me，“Just don't forget about the rest of us when you become the next J．K.Rowling.”
Smiling，I replied，“Don't worry，I won't.” I am confident that I will become the next J．K.Rowling.I have the ambition, the means，and the talent.My English and history teachers don't praise my writing and tell me I have an innate(与生俱来的)writing talent even though they know how passionate I am about writing，and how that passion slips through my fingertips to the paper.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
I don't really know why I love writing so much. Paragraph 2：
Maybe I just want to leave my mark on the world since I can't sing to create a great work of art.
【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
I don't really know why I love writing so much.I just do.I always feel that there is something in my mind about putting a story down on paper for friends across the globe
to read and understand, and about finding just the right words to describe what I can see so clearly in my head，which attracts me like a beautiful song.Writing makes me who I am.Through writing I have found true happiness.
Paragraph 2：
Maybe I just want to leave my mark on the world since I can't sing to create a great work of art.Although I am a pretty good actor，acting doesn't seem like the right path for me，so I've chosen writing to make a breakthrough in this world.I am a novelist，journalist and graduate from Columbia University.How nice it sounds!
单元综合测验
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Washington，D.C.Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration：3 hours(4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington，D.C.Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.The guided tour includes bikes，helmets，cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.
Duration：3 hours
Morning or Afternoon，this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C.newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington，D.C.in a healthy way with minimum effort.Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress，memorials，and parks.Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration：3 hours(7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington，D.C.Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall.Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history.The tour includes bikes，helmets，and bottled water.All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了在华盛顿特区骑自行车观光的四条路线。 1．Which tour do you need to book in advance? A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C. D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
A [细节理解题。根据第一条旅行路线介绍的最后一句“Reserve your spot before availability — and the cherry blossoms — disappear！”可知，选择第一条旅行路线需要提前预订。]
2．What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A．Meet famous people. B．Go to a national park. C．Visit well-known museums. D．Enjoy interesting stories.
D [细节理解题。 根据第三条旅行路线介绍中的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress，memorials，and parks.”可知，选择这条旅行路线的游客可以在观光过程中听导游讲有趣的故
事。]
3．Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A．City maps. C．Meals.
B．Cameras. D．Safety lights.
D [细节理解题。第四条旅行路线是夜间游览，根据该部分的最后一句“All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知，该路线为夜间骑车观光的游客提供反光背心和安全灯。]
B
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟)and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为一个野生动物救助和教育
机构的志愿者，成功救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟的经历。
4．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to Paragraph 1? A．Efforts made in vain. B．Getting injured in his work. C．Feeling uncertain about his future. D．Creatures forced out of their homes.
A [推理判断题。根据第一段的“Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.”可知，救助野生动物有时会让人感到心碎，因为即使努力挽救它们，也不能保证它们都会活下来。因此答案为A。]
5．Why was the author called to Muttontown? A．To rescue a woman. B．To take care of a woman. C．To look at a baby owl. D．To cure a young owl.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段的“I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the ground.”可知，这位女士给作者打电话是为了让他来救助一只猫头鹰雏鸟。]
6．What made the chick calm down? A．A new nest. C．A recording.
B．Some food. D．Its parents.
A [细节理解题。根据第四段的“I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable...it quickly calmed down.”可知，作者做的鸟巢非常舒服，所以把这只猫头鹰雏鸟放进去后，它很快安静下来。]
7．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A．It's unexpected. C．It's humorous.
B．It's beautiful. D．It's discouraging.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，通过播放猫头鹰雏鸟饥饿时发出的叫声的录音，这只猫头鹰雏鸟最终与它的父母团聚，而且它的父母开始给它喂食，再结合第一段最后一句“However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.”可判断，作
者付出的努力没有白费，因而结果是美好的。]
C
Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream，years away from materializing in the real world.Well，the future is apparently now.The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads.The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars，and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.California，it should be noted，isn't leading the way here.Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country.It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads.But however long it takes，the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities，for better or for worse，depending on how the transformation is regulated.
While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so)，policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams，cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient，affordable mobility options.The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.
Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles.They tolerate long，slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work，entertain themselves or sleep on the ride，which encourages urban spread.They take their driverless cars to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking.Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning，they send the self-driving minibus.The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.
A study from the University of California ， Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric，self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施)and operations 40% by 2050.Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing.The first commercially available driverless
cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services，considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题)．But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.
Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today.The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably.The car of the future is coming.We just have to plan for it.
【语篇解读】 本文讨论了有关无人驾驶汽车的问题。
8．According to the author，attention should be paid to how driverless cars can ．
A．help deal with transportation-related problems B．provide better services to customers C．cause damage to our environment D．make some people lose jobs
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While much of the debate...mobility options.”以及第三段中的“Do we want to copy — or even worsen — the traffic of today with driverless cars？” 可知，应该注意随着无人驾驶汽车的出现所产生的问题。故选A。]
9．As for driverless cars，what is the author's major concern? A．Safety. C．Affordability.
B．Side effects. D．Management.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But however long it takes...how the transformation is regulated.” 可知，作者最关心自动驾驶的监管问题。故选D。]
10．What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Employed. C．Shared.
B．Replaced. D．Reduced.
A [词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，此处表示“考虑到无人驾驶技术的成本和责任与维护问题，叫车服务(公司)将运用第一批可使用的商业无人驾驶汽车”，fielded在这里引申为“使用，应用”之意，故选A。]
11．What is the author's attitude to the future of self-driving cars? A．Doubtful. C．Disapproving.
B．Positive. D．Sympathetic.
B [观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Well，the future is apparently now.”，第二段中的“The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.”以及最后一段中的“The coming technological advancement...plan for it.”可知，作者对无人驾驶汽车的未来持积极正面的态度。故选B。]
D
Futurologists(未来学家)predict that life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields of activity，from entertainment to technology.First of all，it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.Instead，people will choose a programme from a “menu”(菜单)and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.Today，we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometres away.By 2050，music，films，programmes，newspapers and books will come to us by computer.We will also be able to see，smell and touch the things that we see on television.
In transport，cars will run on new，clean “gas” and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there won't be any accidents.Today，many cars have computers that tell
drivers exactly where they are.By 2050，the computer will control the car and drive it to where you want to go.Space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.
In technology，robots will have replaced people in factories.Many factories already use robots.Big companies prefer robots — they do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.By 2050，we will see robots everywhere — in factories，schools，offices，hospitals，shops and homes.
Last but not least，medicine technology will have conquered many diseases.By 2050，we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again.Scientists
will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look，how they behave and how much intelligence they have.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章从娱乐、交通、机器人、医药学等角度对2050年人类生活的变化进行了展望。
12．What is NOT true about television by 2050 according to this passage? A．One will be able to smell the food on television.
B．One can have a try of the food he or she sees on television. C．There will be no channels for us to choose programmes. D．Televisions will be completely controlled by computers.
B [细节理解题。第一段最后一句提及未来人们可以看、闻、触摸电视上的东西，但没有提及可以品尝。故B项表述与文章不符。]
13．What can be the development of transport that benefits people most by 2050? A．Cars will go at a very high speed on their own. B．Space planes will fly all over the world in a short time. C．There will be less pollution and no car accidents. D．Computers will tell people where they are going.
C [细节理解题。第二段前两句提及“clean ‘gas’”与“there won't be any accidents”，因此C项正确。]
14．It can be implied in the passage that by 2050 ． A．people will live more healthily and longer B．computers will control the speed of cars C．people can read newspapers through a computer D．there will be no people working in factories
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“medicine technology will have conquered many diseases”判断，未来人们会更健康、更长寿。]
15．What is the author's attitude towards people's life in future? A．Doubtful. C．Happy.
B．Sad. D．Worried.
C [观点态度题。作者在叙述未来生活各个领域的变化时，给予了积极评价，如clean，in just two hours，prefer，conquer等词汇的应用，体现了作者积极乐观的
态度。因此选C。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Empathy，the Key to Being Kind
In science class，your teacher tells everyone to find a partner for a project.Out of the corner of your eye，you notice one girl sitting alone and not making eye contact with anyone.You think about asking her to be your partner，but you're afraid people will think you're uncool.You don't reach out to them. 16
Empathy is being able to understand and actually feel what someone else is feeling.For some people，this comes naturally；for others，it takes a bit more work. 17 When you practice being empathetic，it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life.If you can understand why people are feeling down，you'll want to help them.Here are some ideas that can help you.
18 Not being able to find a group in class might not seem like a big deal — but part of being kind is noticing when someone seems sad，hurt or uncomfortable.After all，you have to notice how people feel in order to feel empathy and want to help them!
When you're trying to make kindness second nature，really getting other people's feelings is important. 19 Think about a time when you felt that way.Didn't you wish someone would reach out to you? If someone had offered you a few words of comfort，wouldn't it have made you feel so much happier?
So，when you find people around you who are feeling down next time，do not hesitate to put yourself in their shoes and reach out to them with a kind gesture. 20 There is always a time when you expect others to relate to you and feel what you feel.
A．And your kindness will be finally rewarded. B．But empathy is super important to being kind.
C．Be open to learning more about what you don't understand.
D．One way to practice empathy is to pay attention to the people around you. E．However，you never know showing empathy may make all the difference to her. F．You don't have to have a similar background to someone else to feel empathy for them.
G．Whenever you find someone might be feeling lonely or sad，put yourself in his shoes.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“移情”的作用和定义，并介绍了如何让自己更好地帮助别人、理解别人。
16．E [分析文章结构可知，本空用来引入本文的话题，在这里起到承上启下的作用。结合标题“Empathy，the Key to Being Kind”可知，空处说明你可以通过“移情”解决问题，引出对“移情”的作用的介绍，所以选E项。]
17．B [根据空后一句中的“it gets easier to make kindness part of your everyday life”可以判断，“移情”对使善良成为每日生活的一部分非常重要，故B项正确。]
18．D [根据本段内容可知，本段介绍的是如何实现“移情”；结合本段尾句可知，本段主要陈述“关注周围的人”这一方法，故D项正确。]
19．G [根据空前的“really getting other people's feelings”和空后的“Think about a time when you felt that way.”可知，理解别人的情感十分重要，据此可以判断，G项与此处匹配。]
20．A [根据空前一句中的“do not hesitate...with a kind gesture”及空后一句可知，当你遇到沮丧的人时，应当毫不犹豫地设身处地为他们着想并伸出援助之手，因为总会有一些时候，你也期待别人能理解你。据此可以判断，A项符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Mary，16，was suffering from cancer.As a father，Mitchell always stayed home to care for her.He said the 21 left them financially worse off.Then a group called Growing Hope 22 in with $1，800 to help with his living costs.
23 ，he wanted to pay it back.In his youth，he had been a 24 ．So at age 40，Mitchell took up the 25 again，participating in two fights in Fairfax.During this time，he 26 his daughter.And for six months，he did little but mourn.
One day，Mitchell 27 a Mark Twain quote — The two most important days in your life are the day you are born，and the day you 28 why.“After I read that quote，I was going to spend the 29 of my life helping kids with cancer and their families，” he said.
Mitchell thought of creating a foundation，yet boxing did not seem practical anymore for fundraising，due to his age.Then he found that 30 could be a source to raise money.In the Corps Marathon，he cut a striking figure on the course. 31 by this success，he set his sight higher.He 32 each of the miles of the race to a
different child with cancer，and he carried their 33 with him.Years after his daughter's death，Mitchell now 34 up in the morning knowing his 35 ．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。Mitchell在女儿去世后受到马克·吐温一个名言的启发，加入陆战队马拉松，并把钱都捐献给身患癌症的孩子们，从而发现了自己在社会中的作用。
21．A.atmosphere C．situation
B．phenomenon D．poverty
C [根据空前的“As a father，Mitchell always stayed home to care for her.”可知，因为Mary患有癌症，父亲Mitchell要待在家里照顾女儿。这种情况(situation)使得家庭经济状况变得越来越糟糕，故选C项。]
22．A.brought C．took
B．stepped D．broke
B [根据语境和下文可知，后来，一个名为“Growing Hope”的组织伸出援手(step in)，给他了1 800美元的生活费。]
23．A.Grateful C．Sorrowful
B．Hopeful D．Helpful
A [根据空后的“he wanted to pay it back ”可知，Mitchell对这个组织是非常感激的(grateful)。]
24．A.runner C．boxer
B．singer D．fighter
C [根据下文第四段中的“boxing”一词可知，Mitchell年轻时是一名拳击手。故选C项。]
25．A.helmets C．boxes
B．gloves D．sneakers
B [根据空后的“participating in two fights in Fairfax”可知，Mitchell又开始接受挑战了。take up the gloves表示“接受挑战”，符合语境。]
26．A.cured C．comforted
B．accompanied D．lost
D [根据下一句中的“he did little but mourn”以及文章最后“Years after his daughter's death”可知，这个时候，他失去(lose)了他的女儿。]
27．A.came upon C．looked at
B．agreed to D．depended on
A [根据下文中的“After I read that quote”可知，Mitchell偶然(come upon)读到马克·吐温的一个名言。]
28．A.consider C．discover
B．ask D．make
C [根据语境可知，人生中另外一个重要的日子是你发现(discover)自己为何出生。]
29．A.forces C．energy
B．rest D．resources
B [根据下文内容可知，Mitchell在余下的(rest)日子里开始帮助那些患有癌症的孩子。故选B项。]
30．A.funds C．running
B．singing D．projects
C [根据空后的“In the Corps Marathon”可知，然后Mitchell发现可以通过跑步来筹钱。故选C项。]
31．A.Depressed C．Shocked
B．Moved D．Inspired
D [在此次马拉松比赛中，Mitchell在比赛场上崭露头角。在此成功的激励(inspire)下，他把眼光放得更高，故选D项。]
32．A.ran C．competed
B．donated D．conveyed
B [根据空后的“to a different child with cancer”可知，Mitchell把比赛的每一分钱都捐(donate)给了身患癌症的孩子们。故选B项。]
33．A.smiles C．strengths
B．parents D．pictures
D [Mitchell随身带着他们的照片(picture)。故选D项。] 34．A.stands C．wakes
B．goes D．climbs
C [根据空后的“in the morning”可推知，此处表示在早晨醒来的时候，故选C
项。]
35．A.time C．course
B．what D．why
D [根据上文中提到的马克·吐温的名言中的“why”可知，选D项。] Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible
36. (crowd)on the roads above as they travelled to and 37. work.It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method.This included
digging up the road，38. (lay)the track and then building a strong roof over 39. top.When all those had been done，the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 40. (use)to pull the carriages and it must have been 41. (fair)unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using L42. every day.
Later，engineers 43. (manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became known as the Tube.This development was only possible with the 44. (introduce)of electric-powered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of the most 45. (success)of these new lines，and was opened in 1900.It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely popular with the public.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国伦敦地铁的发展。 36．crowds [考查名词复数。crowd是可数名词，且前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式。]
37．from [考查介词。travel to and from work上下班。]
38．laying [考查非谓语动词。included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。]
39．the [考查冠词。此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。]
40．were used [考查时态和被动语态。steam engines与use是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。]
41．fairly [考查词性转换之形容词变为副词。所填词修饰形容词unpleasant，
故用fair的副词形式fairly。]
42．it [考查代词。use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。分析句意可知，此处用it指代上文提到的the railway。]
43．managed [考查时态。全文讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]
44．introduction [考查词性转换之动词变为名词。空格前是the，其后接名词。introduce的名词形式是introduction。]
45．successful [考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，此处应填success的形容词形式successful。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter来信和你就野生动物的保护展开讨论。请你用英语写一封回信，内容包括：
1．野生动物所处的现状； 2．保护野生动物面临的困难； 3．你的想法。 注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Peter，
I'm writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours， Li Hua
【参考范文】 Dear Peter，
I'm writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection.As we know，some wildlife is in danger due to environmental destruction and many wild animals are on the edge of extinction because of hunting.
Though it's necessary to take measures to help those animals，the measures are difficult to carry out.Firstly，many people lack the awareness of wildlife protection，resulting in hunting the animals illegally.Besides，few people are willing to provide money for animal protection as they think it is of no use to them.
In my opinion，the government should make more laws to protect wildlife.Last but not least，I think it is everyone's duty to protect wildlife.
I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua Ⅵ.概要写作(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Advertising plays a major role in the competitive business world.Many industries take advantage of the power of advertising to attract or to win customers away from their business competitors.The influence of advertising is so huge that it causes many people to buy things that they don't want at the start.
Advertising encourages people to buy things they don't want through misleading ideas.Advertising is proven to be a successful tool to stress the features of their products to the public even though it's regarded undesirable such as cigarettes，drugs，alcohol and so on.For example，Dunhill，a cigarette company which sponsors many football teams，seems to be promoting cigarettes to the public.Without the sponsorship，the company will be less known to the public，resulting in fewer sales of cigarettes.
Besides that，advertising has a large influence on the decisions made by the people in their everyday life.Many businesses use advertising as a form of promoting to create awareness about their products in the market.For instance，in a fast food industry，the introduction of a new flavor of burger needs advertising to reach the public while the other burgers require advertising to increase sales.Children，especially，are easily influenced by advertisements and will have the desire to dine at fast food restaurants after that.Although fast food is bad for health，it has successfully become
appealing to the public through advertising.
However，advertising plays a part in helping customers to compare a product in terms of price，quality，reliability and so on.Without advertising，it will be very difficult for customers to judge the worthiness of a product.For example，advertisements published by various companies have given the customers the opportunity to choose wisely when they are purchasing an item.Without the power of advertising，customers will be stuck to a brand which may not offer the best choice.
【参考范文】
Advertising is essential to many companies and serves as an instrument to appeal to customers.(要点1)Advertising，tempting customers into buying products sometimes unfavorable，turns out to promote the sales.(要点2)But for advertising，people might not have acquainted themselves with the products.(要点3)To its credit，people can make decisions more wisely by contrast.(要点4)
Unit 3 The world meets China
课时分层作业1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The gateway (门户)looks pretty old：I wonder if it is still in use. 2．What a glorious (壮观的)sunset!
3．The Statue (雕像)of Liberty guards the entrance to New York harbour. 4．We must preserve racial and religious (宗教的)harmony. 5．Traffic reaches its peak (高峰)between 8 and 9 in the morning.
6．To strengthen(加强) his position in Parliament，he held talks with leaders of the Peasant Party.
7．Expanding its coverage(范围) can save many more. 8．There is a middle school attached to the institute(学院)．
9．My father was a historian (历史学家)of repute.His speciality was the history of Germany.
10．Chaplin was not just a genius(天才)；he was among the most influential figures in film history.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.
“It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A＋E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.
Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill.“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion － they are central to its movement.”Of course，not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.“Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion.“The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says.“China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market.If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China－its
influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章以国外视角报道中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。这篇文章通过在试题情境中融入中国优秀传统文化和美学知识，引导考生在关注和提高审美情趣的同时，坚定理想信念，增强文化自信，树立正确的价值观。
1．What can we learn about the exhibition in New York? A．It promoted the sales of artworks. B．It attracted a large number of visitors. C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
B [推理判断题。由题干中的the exhibition in New York定位到原文第三段。本段中并没有提到这次展览促进了艺术品的销售，也没有提到展示了中国古代的服装，故排除A、C两项；由“The exhibition had record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.(此次展览吸引了破纪录的出席者，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣)”可知，B项表述正确；由原文中的“...with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics （美学）on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries.(……旨在探索中国美学对西方时尚的影响，以及几个世纪以来中国是如何激发时尚想象力的)”可知，这次展览的目的不是介绍中国模特儿，故D项表述错误。]
2．What does Hill say about Chinese women? A．They are setting the fashion. B．They start many fashion campaigns. C．They admire super models. D．They do business all over the world.
A [推理判断题。由原文第四段中Hill说的“...Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.(……中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心)”可以推断出，她们正在引领潮流，故选A项。B项“她们发起许多时尚运动”，C项“她们崇拜超模”，D项“她们在世界各地做生意”，均不符合此处的语境。]
3．What do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．learning from C．working with
B．looking down on D．competing against
D [词义猜测题。由画线词后面的“beating them hands down in design and sales(在设计和销售方面轻而易举地击败他们)”可知，take on此处意为“与……较量”，故选D项competing against。learn from向……学习；look down on轻视，瞧不起；work with与……共事。]
4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Young Models Selling Dreams to the World B．A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York C．Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
D [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段就点明了主题：对于西方设计师来说，长期以来中国及其丰富的文化一直是西方创作者的灵感来源。接下来Amanda Hill对中国文化和中国美学对国际时尚的影响进行了评价，由此可知，中国文化推动了国际时尚潮流，故D项作为文章的标题最合适。Hill说中国模特儿是向全世界女性贩卖梦想的美丽和时尚活动的代言人，旨在强调中国女性在时尚方面的重要性；在纽约举办的中国艺术展只是文章提到的一个事例，不是文章论述的中心；文章中没有提到东西方在审美方面的不同，因此A、B、C三项均不能概括全文。]
B
Studies have shown a direct link between goals and improved performance in both sports and business.Earl Nightingale put it this way，“People with goals succeed because they know where they are going.It's as simple as that.”
DrMaxwell Maltz，author of the classic Psycho-Cybernetics，said that human beings have a builtin goal seeking “success mechanism(机制)”that is part of the subconscious(潜意识的)mind.This success mechanism is constantly searching for ways to help us reach our targets and find answers to our problems.According to Maltz，we feel better when our success mechanism keeps going after clear targets.All we have to do to use this mechanism is give it a target.
One important reason goal setters achieve such outstanding results is that they have learned how to focus and concentrate their time，energy and resources(资源)on a single goal，even though it is just for a few hours at a time.One major time management challenge we are facing today is that there are more things available for us to do than anyone could possibly attempt，let alone accomplish in an entire lifetime.If we are not careful，it is very easy to waste our time on unimportant things.
Most significant accomplishments are accompanied with difficulties，struggles and failures.Thomas Edison failed over one thousand times before he finally discovered a way to make the light bulb work.It is very rare for something important to be accomplished successfully on the very first try.If you want to achieve anything significant，it is likely that you will struggle and fail many times before you finally reach your target.One of the main reasons why people give up so easily in the face of failure is that they lose sight of their “why”．Goals can help you remember your “big why” when you need to pick yourself up and keep going in the face of difficult situations.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。要想成功，我们要树立目标，并全身心地投入到这一件事情上，心中有目标，就不会轻言放弃。
5．What can we learn from Earl Nightingale's and Dr.Maxwell Maltz's words? A．It's important to succeed in life. B．It's extremely easy to achieve aims. C．It's greatly significant to set goals. D．It's common to make accomplishments.
C [推理判断题。根据文章前两段的内容可知，Earl Nightingale和DrMaxwell Maltz所说的话都表明了设立目标的重要性，心中有目标才能成功。]
6．What's important in achieving success according to Paragraph 3? A．Setting a realistic target. B．Concentrating on your aim. C．Managing your time properly. D．Making the most of your resources.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One important reason goal setters achieve...a few hours at a time.”可知，集中所有精力于你的目标上，就会有一个好的结果。]
7．What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A．Goals can prevent us giving up easily. B．Goals mean achieving more than others. C．Goals get rid of doubts about what we do. D．Goals lead to more difficulties or failures.
A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“One of the main reasons why people give up so easily in the face of failure is that they lose sight of their ‘why’．”可知，树立目标可以防止我们轻易放弃。]
8．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Set Goals? B．How Can We Succeed? C．Why Should We Set Goals? D．Why Should We Keep Going?
C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章论述了设立目标的重要性以及益处，告诉我们为什么要树立目标，故C项为最佳标题。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
If you are already making the time to exercise，it is good indeed! With such busy lives，it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 1 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
·Your productivity is improved.Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2 ·Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 3 If you work out in the mornings，then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day，not in your sleep.
· 4 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
· 5 If you work out bright and early in the morning，you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out，especially in the mornings.Set your
alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A．You will stick to your diet. B．Your quality of sleep improves. C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise. F．After you exercise，you continue to burn calories throughout the day. G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly，or you're doing it now，then listen up!
【语篇解读】 本文从工作效率、新陈代谢、睡眠质量和饮食习惯四个方面介绍了晨练给人们带来的好处。
1．G [空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处，所以G项“如果你计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，那就注意听”符合语境。]
2．E [根据空处前两句(你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒，并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切)可知，此空应选E“运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4—10个小时”。more awake与E项中的clear照应。]
3．F [由此空后的“getting...the whole day”与F项中的“burn calories throughout the day”一致，故答案为F“在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里”。]
4．B [此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B“你的睡眠质量提高了”。空后一句中的“slept better”是关键信息。]
5．A [根据本段中的“healthy food”和“junk food”与选项A中的diet有关可知，此空应选A“你会坚持你的饮食(习惯)”。]
课时分层作业2
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is known that the first edition of the dictionary was published (publish) in 2007.
2．Chinese literary works tend to be highly(high)thought of. 3．What interests me most is the work itself. 4．I also keep a close eye on what is being self-published online. 5．I was determined(determine)to translate it into Chinese. 6．I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.
7．The man with a book in his hand is familiar to us all. 8．In addition to studying(study) Chinese literature，he wrote a book on Chinese custom.
9．He was the first Chinese to get(get)information on Europe. 10．It was three years since we had been there. Ⅱ.完形填空
One morning，on my way home，it was raining very heavily.Nearing my town，I watched as the water level on the road 1 in front of me.I had nowhere to go.
The driver of a four-wheel drive signaled from his car to tell me not to cross the 2 road.Then I noticed a man in his early 30s in his front yard 3 the situation.He quickly waved to me to come and 4 in his driveway away from the rushing water.
The man called Trent then invited me to wait 5 the rain inside his house.I told him I was concerned about the 6 to my car，as the continuing rain started to 7 into hail(冰雹)．Trent then took a cover from his garage and 8 my car to protect it from the hail. 9 ， his efforts were not in vain.
While waiting for the 10 to improve，I learned Trent had 11 his job ten months ago and was trying his hand as a local handyman(做零活的人)to make ends meet.
By 12：30 p．m. the rain 12 and it would be safe enough to 13 the road.As I left，I insisted on 14 his business card，and my father has since called Trent to offer him 15 as a handyman at our place doing various small jobs.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者描述了他在一场大雨中得到好心人的帮助的经历。
1．A.rose
B．arrived
C．fell D．disappeared
A [根据后一句“I had nowhere to go.”和第二段最后“the rushing water”可知，由于雨势太大，“我”前面的路面积水升高(rise)。]
2．A.busy C．quiet
B．wide D．dangerous
D [由上文可推知，路面积水升高使得道路危险(dangerous)，因此一位司机示意告诉“我”不要穿过道路。]
3．A.sticking with C．messing up
B．dealing with D．sizing up
D [由下文那位叫Trent的男子向“我”招手示意去他家躲避来势汹汹的大雨可知，这位三十岁左右的男子在他家前院检查(size up)路面情况。]
4．A.call C．wash
B．park D．stay
B [由下文的“wait the rain inside his house”可知，Trent让“我”把车停到(park)他家。]
5．A.on C．out
B．for D．behind
C [Trent邀请“我”去他家等待雨停(wait out the rain)。] 6．A.approach C．damage
B．reaction D．attention
C [由下文“started to into hail(冰雹)”可知，“我”担心车因冰雹而受损(damage)。]
7．A.turn C．come
B．bring D．grow
A [因为一直下的雨开始变成冰雹。turn into“变成”。] 8．A.hid C．measured
B．cleaned D．covered
D [Trent从车库拿出一个外罩并且遮住(cover)“我”的车以免被冰雹砸坏。] 9．A.Suddenly C．Interestingly
B．Secretly D．Fortunately
D [由“his efforts were not in vain”可知，幸好(Fortunately)，Trent的努力没有白费。]
10．A.job C．weather
B．water D．business
C [“我”到Trent家是为了等天气(weather)好转。] 11．A.got C．kept
B．lost D．finished
B [由下文的“as a local handyman(做零活的人)to make ends meet”可推知，Trent失去(lose)工作已经十个月了。]
12．A.came C．stopped
B．poured D．continued
C [由下文“it would be safe enough ”和 “As I left”可知，12：30的时候雨停(stop)了，足够安全可以上路(hit the road)了。]
13．A.repair C．follow
B [参见上题解析。] 14．A.taking C．signing
B．accepting D．borrowing B．hit D．build
A [“我”与Trent认识之前他就在做零工，因此为了以后帮助他，“我”离开时坚持要拿(take)张他的名片。]
15．A.chance C．service
B．work D．transport
B [由“at our place doing various small jobs”可知，父亲之后常打电话给Trent提供做零活的工作(work)。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
At university I play a Dutch sport 1. (call)korfball.This is a team sport with eight people on each team，four boys and four girls.It's the only 2. (true)mixed sport with both genders on the court at 3. same time.The aim is to shoot the ball into the hoop，which is like a netball or basketball hoop，only 4. (high)than that! All players get a chance 5. (attack)and defend during the game and it's very fast-paced.
When I 6. (start)korfball，I wasn't very good at it.I could throw and catch but I was not very fast on my feet.Shooting was also difficult for me because I'd played netball in school and was used 7. a shorter post.Moreover，you often have to shoot on the move in korfball，and I found 8. hard to balance and shoot straight while running backwards away from my defender!
However，I really enjoyed the sport and made friends in the club，so I attended 9. (train)twice a week，every week.Two years later I am in the first team for my university and have played in many matches and tournaments，even scoring some 10. (goal)for my team! This just shows that hard work pays off—if you train hard，you can succeed.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在大学里参加的一项运动——科尔夫球。
1．called [考查非谓语动词。call与sport之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填called。]
2．truly [考查副词。设空处修饰形容词mixed，故填副词truly(真正地)。] 3．the [考查冠词。at the same time意为“同时”。]
4．higher [考查形容词比较级。由than可知，设空处应用比较级，故填higher。] 5．to attack [考查非谓语动词。chance后常跟动词不定式作定语，故填to attack。]
6．started [考查动词的时态。由主句时态可知，设空处表示的动作发生在过去，故填started。]
7．to [考查介词。be used to...意为“习惯于……”。]
8．it [考查代词。设空处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to balance and shoot straight...my defender，故填it。]
9．training [考查名词。设空处作宾语，表示“训练”，故填training。] 10．goals [考查名词复数。goal在此意为“得分”，是可数名词，且由some可知，应用复数，故填goals。]
课时分层作业3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
With their pipes and lids to avoid spills，coffee cups have long been the substitute for adults.Now Starbucks is going all in on the concept by swearing to get rid of straws in the next few years—and it's all for a very good reason.This move is an answer to our own partners about what we can do to reduce the need for straws.Not using a straw is the best thing we can do for the environment.
In place of plastic straws，Starbucks plans to offer recyclable lids for all iced drinks and paper straws for coffee.The transition is already taking place in Starbucks' hometown of Seattle，where a ban on plastic straws went into place on July 1.By rolling this out in all 28，000 of their stores in the next few years，the company says they are annually removing more than one billion straws from going into circulation—and potentially the ocean.
Starbucks' decision to gradually stop using single-use plastic straws is a shining example of the important role that companies can play in stopping the tide of ocean plastic.With eight million metric tons of plastic entering the ocean every year，we cannot afford to let industry sit on the sidelines.Marine life has a 50% death rate when it swallows plastic—yet researchers believe there will be more plastic in the ocean than fish by the year 2050 if this rate of litter continues.That means there can be an immediate positive impact if we swap plastic straws for environmentally friendly alternatives.
The smart design on the cup for cold drinks comes from Starbucks' in-house team of designers and has been in development for two years.However，the announcement comes as outcry(倒彩)increases over the dangers that plastic straws can cause to marine life.Other companies making the eco-friendly swap also announced plans last month to test alternatives to plastic straws.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Starbucks提出不使用塑料吸管来减少白色污染，保护地球的概念。
1．Why does Starbucks decide to get rid of plastic straws? A．To reduce its cost.
B．To meet the customers' needs. C．To create a greener planet. D．To expand its business worldwide.
C [细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Not using a straw is the best thing we can do for the environment.”可知答案为C。]
2．What does the word “transition” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Dilemma. C．Response.
B．Change. D．Conflict.
B [词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，这种变化已经在Starbucks的发生，故B项正确。]
3．What's the text mainly about?
A．Starbucks is throwing away plastic straws for a worthy cause. B．Environmentally friendly material will replace plastic straws. C．Scientists are making efforts to solve ocean plastic pollution. D．A sales promotion of a new brand by Starbucks is being done.
A [主旨大意题。本文讲述了Starbucks提出不使用塑料吸管来减少白色污染，保护地球的概念。故A项为最佳答案。]
B
Every ocean lover knows the dangers of getting caught in a rip current(离岸流)．Experienced swimmers know it is relatively easy to escape the narrow channel of the fast moving water by floating and allowing it to drag you further into the ocean or by swimming alongside the shore.However，inexperienced beachgoers often panic，and try to swim to land，placing themselves at the risk of drowning due to tiredness.According to the US National Ocean Service，the currents kill about 100 Americans each year and account for 80% of all lifeguard rescues.These scary statistics may soon be a thing of the past，thanks to Clever Girl，a smart buoy(浮标)that warns swimmers of the presence of deadly rip currents.
The smart device is the brainchild of Australian teenager Maddison King，who created Clever Girl as a project for her Grade 12 Design and Technology class.The 18-year-old，who works as a lifeguard during her spare time，came up with the brilliant
idea after discovering that most children were unable to detect rip currents.
The basketball-sized plastic buoy，which can be attached to a chain of similar devices or the ocean floor，is fitted with a small propeller(螺旋桨)．When the water travels at the speed of over 70 centimetres per second，it spins the propeller fast enough to power the light atop the buoy，warning swimmers to stay clear of the area.
Though it sounds simple enough，the youngster had to overcome numerous design challenges.For instance，she picked a red light since it is easy to see in the bright sunlight and also because the color serves as a universal warning sign for tourists that do not speak the local language.The device's smooth surface and high handles ensure swimmers do not get hurt，while the black，white，and red striped underside，keeps sharks and other animals at bay.
Future versions might include something like a warning siren，which would provide sound warnings of rip currents.Besides，the present model costs about $300 to make.“That's beyond my purse，” she laughs.“The cost has to be cut down.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。在海里游泳时，一些缺乏经验的游泳者遇到高速的离岸流时常常感到恐惧，并试图游向陆地，最终因疲劳而溺水身亡。受做临时救生员工作经历的启发，Maddison King发明了一种装置，能在离岸流达到一定速度时发出预警，从而使人们避免误入高速洋流。
4．Which of the following is the right way to escape the rip current? A．Waiting for rescues. B．Swimming to the shore. C．Moving fast in the water. D．Floating with the water.
D [细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，有经验的游泳者知道，通过在快速流动的水中漂浮，让流水带着自己流入海洋或沿着海岸游泳是逃离离岸流的有效方法。故选D项。]
5．Why did Maddison decide to invent Clever Girl? A．She wanted to challenge her creativity. B．She was motivated by her working experience. C．She was supposed to complete it for her class.
D．She was scared by the statistics of the government.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，18岁的Maddison King在业余时间做救生员，她发现大多数孩子都无法察觉到离岸流，最终会因为疲劳而使自己处于溺水的危险之中，故B项正确。]
6．What do we know about the present version of Clever Girl? A．It's not available on the market. B．It's quite attractive for sea animals. C．It's based on a complex theory. D．It can give warnings in different ways.
A [推理判断题。根据第一段可知，每年大约有100个美国人死于离岸流，但这些可怕的统计数据可能很快成为过去，这多亏了警告浮标装置—— Clever Girl。结合最后一段可知，这种装置的成本很高，且未形成成品；据此可以判断，其目前样本还没有投放市场。故选A项。]
7．What could the future version of Clever Girl be like? A．Safer and greener. B．Cheaper and safer. C．Greener and more effective. D．Cheaper and more effective.
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，这种产品目前的样本成本大约是300美元，在将来成本可能会下降；根据最后一段第一句可知，这种产品会更有效。故选D项。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Zigfried，a little mouse，once lived happily in a farmhouse with his parents.They got a lot of food from the kitchen easily，because the owner of the farmhouse was very rich.For Zigfried and his parents，Christmas was their favorite.On that day，they could get lots of delicious food than ever like chicken，chocolate and cheese.Every time his father would bring a big chicken leg back for Zigfried.To Zigfried，wonderful food was his Christmas' miracle.
Unfortunately，Zigfried's father was caught by a cat when he was hanging around.Years later，his mother died because of illness and the owner of the farmhouse moved to the city.Happy days were away from Zigfried from then on.All the things had already been changed，there was no food anymore in the farmhouse and no family，and all the rooms were empty.
New year was coming again，Zigfried blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today，he thought hopefully.It was only a few days before Christmas and he was waiting for a miracle.A miracle liked the old times，which he has been waiting for a long time.
This farmhouse had been empty for too long.It needed a family.Zigfried's stomach made a noise.He realized that he hadn't eaten anything since yesterday.He jumped from the windowsill(窗沿)，grabbed a bag from his home，and went next door to Farmer Mike's.
Farmer Mike's house had been a great place for the little mouse until the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfried trembled when he thought of it.He looked around cautiously as he stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite nervous as he filled his bag with wheat.He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear.His heart beat wildly，and without thinking he started to run but the cat kept chasing him.Zigfried was very familiar with the house and luckily escaped the cat's paws(爪子)．
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news： Paragraph 2：
The house came alive the next few days. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news：a new family would be moving into the farmhouse soon.Zigfried's granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to celebrate with him.He hoped that the family would come before his granny came.Before long，a car came up the road leading to the house，with butter sandwiches，cheese and chocolate.Zigfried's Christmas miracle did arrive!
Paragraph 2：
The house came alive the next few days.Zigfried enjoyed every single hour of them.However，the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a satisfied smile at the door of his home，he heard the discussion of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas.What? A cat？The smile froze on his face；his mouth fell wide open.After a long while，he at last found his voice：“Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this？”
单元综合测验
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
If women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many
women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering(改变)the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened；necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes，one wonder，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？That is for you to decide.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。女人爱美的天性被商人充分利用，他们不断推出各种新款服装，赚足了女士们的钱，而女士们为了美丽心甘情愿地被他们剥削。男士在服饰方面则显得比女士更理性。
1．Designers and big stores always make money ． A．by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing B．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry C．because they are able to predict new fashions for the coming season D．because they attach great importance to the quality of women's clothing A [推理判断题。第一段提到“因为她们一想到自己穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就不寒而栗，所以总是被服装设计师和大商场利用”，由此判断，这些人利用她们追求衣着时尚的特点来赚钱，故选A。]
2．To the writer，that women altering their old fashioned dresses is seen as ．
A．a waste of money B．an expression of taste
C．a waste of time
D．an expression of creativity
C [细节理解题。第二段说，女士们如果没钱置办新衣，她们就浪费几个小时的时间来修改她们现有的服装以追求时尚。由此判断选C，作者觉得这样做是浪费时间。]
3．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true? A．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
B．The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of characters. C．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women. D [推理判断题。从第三段第一句可知A项错误；第三段说，女士们为了美愿意忍受任何的不舒适，而没有提到反映了她们“性格的力量”，故B项错误；文章没有提到C项内容。从全文内容可知，作者觉得服装设计师推出各种新款服装的目的是赚钱，是“一年又一年无情地盘剥女士们”，由此判断选D。]
4．By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”，the writer means that ．
A．women are better able to put up with discomfort B．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
D．women's inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
B [推理判断题。最后一段说，比较男人和女人对时装的态度就能得出一个明显的结论，男人很聪明，不会被时装设计师欺骗。从这些叙述可知应选B，男士在选择服饰方面比女士更理性。]
B
Some people say that the best way to reduce the size of your waist is to do stomach exercise.Many people believe that when specific muscles are exercised，the fatty tissues(组织)in the immediate area are burned up.The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the body and not from one specific area.Of course，if you reduce the fat throughout your body，you will certainly see results around your waist，too.
Some people believe that you need to exercise twice a week in order to keep a sufficient level of physical fitness.However，studies directed by American scientists show that unexercised muscles lose their strength very quickly.Within 48 to 72 hours，you must use the muscles again to reestablish(重建)the good physical effects.And what does that mean to you？American scientists concluded that while daily exercise is most helpful，exercising every other day or three days a week will keep a sufficient level of physical fitness.
Is it true that you burn more calories running one mile than walking the same distance？The answer is no.The truth is that you use the same amount of energy whether you walk or run the mile，since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance.The speed does not matter.Of course，if you run rather than walk for 30 minutes，you will cover more distance，and therefore，burn more calories.
If your breathing doesn't return to normal within 5 minutes after you finish exercising，you have exercised too much.Five minutes or so after exercising，your breathing should be normal，your heart shouldn't be beating loudly，and you shouldn't be tired.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国科学家研究发现每两天锻炼一次或每周锻炼三天有助于健康，并告诉我们身体上没有得到锻炼的肌肉会很快失去力量，需要在48到72小时内再次得到锻炼才能维持好的效果。
5．If you want to reduce the fat around your waist，you should ． A．do stomach exercise B．exercise the waist
C．exercise all the muscles of your body D．run fast for 30 minutes
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the body and not from one specific area.”可知，运动不会只燃烧某一部分的脂肪，而是全身的脂肪，故要锻炼身体的所有肌肉。]
6．From the second paragraph，we learn that ． A．we only need to exercise twice a week B．we should exercise three times a week
C．muscles lose their strength after 48 hours
D．we should exercise every other day，or three days a week
D [推理判断题。根据第二段可知，每48到72小时之间必须活动才能保证充足的体力，所以专家得出结论：每天都练习是最有帮助的，每隔一天或每周三天锻炼才是保持身体健康的基本要求。故D项正确。]
7．If you have exercised too much， ．
A．your breathing will take longer than 5 minutes to return to normal after you finish exercising
B．your breathing will return to normal within 5 minutes after finishing exercising C．your heart will not be beating loudly D．you will be too tired to move
A [细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，如果锻炼过头的话，呼吸在五分钟内很难能恢复正常，也就是说要超过五分钟。]
8．This passage tells us that ． A．it is better to do more running than walking B．the more exercise you do，the healthier you will be
C．the unexercised muscles must be used again within 48 to 72 hours D．in order to lose weight，you have to run fast
C [推理判断题。倒数第二段提到散步和跑步，只要距离长度是一样的，消耗的热量一样，起到的作用是一样的，故可排除A、D项，B项文中未涉及。根据第二段中的 “...studies directed by American scientists show that unexercised muscles lose their strength very quickly.Within 48 to 72 hours，you must use the muscles again to reestablish (重建) the good physical effects.”可知C项正确。]
C
America's greatest technological achievement，the Hoover Dam，now has a companion piece，a bridge held up by the longest arch in the Western Hemisphere(半球)．The Mike O'Callaghan-Pat Tillman Memorial Bridge，which opened this month and connects the U．S.states of Arizona and Nevada，crosses the vast chasm(峡谷)0 feet above the Colorado River that is controlled by the dam.
The striking 1，900-foot-long structure will improve traffic in the region and help
protect the dam from being destroyed.It is the seventh highest bridge in the world，behind four in China，one in Papua New Guinea and one in the US state of Colorado.
“The Hoover Dam is the greatest civil engineering achievement in America's history，” said the bridge project manager Dave Zanatell.“Our goal was not to outdo or outshine it.Our goal was to，in a respectful way，do something that would be great for our generation and that would stand besides the Hoover Dam in a respectful and quality way that would become a part of Hoover's legacy(遗产)．”
Just as the Hoover Dam was built in the heart of the Great Depression(大萧条)and was seen as an example of the nation's can-do spirit，some hope this project can also provide some uplift．
The bridge is surprising：at 1，050 feet，its support arch holds up a roadway that lies on 300-foot-long concrete pillars(柱子)，some of the tallest in the world.It contains 16 million pounds of steel.
The idea of the bridge came into being in the 1960s because the top of the Hoover Dam has been a narrow two-lane road that is the fastest route from Arizona to Las Vegas and then the Pacific Northwest and Canada.
Access to the dam from each direction is a dangerously winding route，but massive trucks and passenger vehicles shared it for decades.During the day，when thousands of tourists travel to the dam from Las Vegas three times as many accidents as on a normal road will happen.
The bridge has a sidewalk on the side facing the dam.The wall on both sides is 54 inches high，so walkers can take photos there.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一座为改善交通和保护大坝修建的大桥：麦克·奥卡拉汉—帕特·提尔曼纪念大桥。
9．What is one of the purposes of building the bridge? A．To protect the dam. B．To save the cultures. C．To outdo the dam. D．To develop the tourism.
A [细节理解题。由第二段可知建大桥的目的是改善交通和保护大坝，故选A项。]
10．The underlined word “uplift” in Paragraph 4 means ． A．lift of the heavy object B．support in money C．spiritual encouragement D．instruction in technology
C [词义猜测题。由第四段可知胡佛大坝被认为是国民精神向上的象征，帮助国民树立有所作为的精神，故选C项。]
11．The text is mainly about ． A．the Hoover Dam
B．western America's development C．a tour along the Colorado River D．a recently built bridge
D [主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是麦克·奥卡拉汉—帕特·提尔曼纪念大桥——胡佛大坝的伙伴。]
D
One reaction to all the concern about tropical deforestation(砍伐森林) is a blank(茫然的)stare that asks the question，“Since I don't live there，what does it have to do with me? ”
The answer is that your way of life，wherever you live in the world，is tied to the tropics in many ways.If you live in a house，wash your hair，eat fruits and vegetables，drink soda，or drive a car，you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests.
Biologically，we are losing the richest regions on earth when，each minute，a piece of tropical forest，the size of ten city blocks，disappears.As many as five million species of plants，animals，and insects(40 to 50 percent of all living things)live there，and are being lost faster than they can be found and described.Their loss is immeasurable.
Take rubber for example.For many uses，only natural rubber from trees will do.Synthetics(合成材料)are not good enough.Today over half the world's commercial rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia，while the Amazon's rubber industry produces much of the world's four million tons.And rubber is an important material in
making gloves，balloons，footwear and many sporting goods.Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use.
Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect—or heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.As we destroy forests，we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.
Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century，warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees.The result? A partial melt-down of polar ice caps，raising sea levels as much as 24 feet；even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast.Unbelievable？Maybe.But scientists warn that by the time we realize the severe effects of tropical deforestation，it will be 20 years later.
Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives？Now，you should have got the answer.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了热带雨林对全球气候变化的影响以及对人类生产生活方面的重要作用，呼吁人类停止破坏热带雨林。
12．In the last paragraph the author tries to ． A．tell people how to avoid the tropical deforestation B．persuade people to buy something synthetic
C．show us how important it is to protect the tropical forests D．let people realize the effect of tropical deforestation
C [最后一段用一个问句的方式告诉我们热带雨林的砍伐已经影响到我们的日常生活了，保护热带雨林是何等的重要。]
13．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true? A．The forests are losing their function in turning carbon dioxide into oxygen. B．Many of our daily uses are related to the tropical forests. C．Tropical plants can be used to make industrial products. D．High carbon dioxide levels will make the earth warmer.
A [第五段的最后一句“As we destroy forests，we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.”告诉我们，当我们失去雨林的时候，我们就会失去它们把二氧化碳转换成氧气的能力。由此可知，并不是雨林正在失去它们的转化功能。]
14．The author's attitude towards the tropical deforestation is ．
A．puzzling C．supporting
B．cold D．opposed
D [通过倒数第二、三段，作者指出了雨林被破坏后给我们带来的坏的影响。由此可知，作者对砍伐森林的做法是反对的。]
15．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A．Tropical Forests
B．Saving the Tropical Forests C．Tropical Forests and Our Life D．The Greenhouse Effects
C [作者在第一段提到有些人对砍伐雨林漠不关心，接下来分析了雨林在我们日常生活中的作用以及它的被破坏会对我们的影响，在最后一段的再次点题。由此可知，作者想通过两者的关系说明雨林对我们来说是非常重要的，故C为最佳答案。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The Taj Mahal
Shah Jahan finished building the Taj Mahal in 18.He was a rich and powerful emperor，and he built the Taj Mahal as a memorial for his wife. 16 The word “taj” means crown，and “Mahal” was the name of his wife.Twenty thousand people worked for 18 years to complete this beautiful domed(圆顶屋)building.A thousand elephants carried huge stones and jewels from all over India and central Asia to the Taj.Shah Jahan wanted this memorial to be a burial place for himself and his wife.
The Taj Mahal is on the Yamuna River in Agra in northern India. 17 Its picture is in most travel books and brochures.It is open daily from sunrise to sunset.For about fifteen rupees(or about US $0.33)，anyone can enter this peaceful and quiet place.
As you enter，you pass through beautiful，silent gardens.From the gardens，you cross a wide courtyard.Suddenly，you see the dome of the main building through a tall，red sandstone gate.At daybreak，the Taj Mahal's white walls turn rose.At noon，they blaze(发光)white.At dusk，they become dark grey. 18 After you pass through the gate，you step onto a wide stone platform.You look over another garden with pools.Everything is arranged carefully in fours. 19 The garden is divided into four parts.There are straight rows of colorful flowers and trees in each of
the parts.At the four corners of the Taj Mahal，there are pointed tall towers.After the gardens，you go down stone steps towards the main building with the tomb and the graves of Shah Jahan and his wife.
After hundreds of years，the Taj Mahal remains a lovely and peaceful place. 20 A．It was a monument of love.
B．Four is a special number in the Moslem religion. C．Many people want to visit the Taj Mahal some day. D．This beautiful building is truly a jewel for all people. E．The Taj Mahal is most beautiful by the light of the full moon. F．To many people around the world，the Taj Mahal is a symbol of India. G．From the cool，dark gates，the Taj Mahal seems to float between earth and sky. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名古迹泰姬陵的背景、构造及布局。
16．A [空前一句讲到泰姬陵是Shah Jahan为纪念他的妻子而建造的，故选项A“它是爱情的纪念碑。”符合语境。]
17．F [空后一句讲到泰姬陵的照片遍布绝大部分旅游用书和小册子。由此可知，泰姬陵闻名于世，故选项F “对世界上许多人来说，泰姬陵是印度的标志。”符合语境。]
18．E [空前讲到泰姬陵的白墙随着一天从早到晚的颜色变化，根据时间顺序，E选项“泰姬陵在满月光线的照耀下最好看。”符合语境。]
19．B [空前一句讲到花园内的所有东西都精心地被安排成4份，B选项“4在教是个特殊的数字。”解释其原因，符合语境。]
20．D [该空处于最后一段，起总结作用，空前讲到泰姬陵历经数百年仍是一个美丽安静的地方，D选项“这个美丽的建筑真是人类的瑰宝。”符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
A man was exploring some caves by the seashore.In one cave he 21 a bag of hardened clay balls.It seemed that someone had 22 some clay and baked the balls in the sun.They didn't look like valuable things，but they interested him， 23 he took the bag out of the cave with him.
As he walked along the beach he 24 the clay balls one at a time out into the
ocean as far as he could.He thought 25 about it until he dropped one of the balls and it cracked open on a rock. 26 was a beautiful，precious stone.Excited，the man started breaking open the remaining clay balls. 27 contained a similar treasure.He found thousands of dollars' worth of jewels in the 20 or so clay balls he had 28 ，and then it struck him：instead of thousands of dollars in treasure，he could have had tens of thousands，with the 50 or 60 clay balls with their 29 treasures which were now in the ocean.He just 30 the chance.
Sometimes it's like that with 31 ．When we look at a person，we usually only see “the outside clay shell”．It isn't always beautiful or shining，so we 32 the person；we see him as less important than someone more beautiful or more 33 ．But we haven't taken the time to look for the treasure inside that person.If we spend the time getting to know that person，the clay will 34 and the brilliant jewel will shine.We are wonderfully made，not only with our physical bodies，but also with our spiritual selves，which are sometimes hidden 35 others by the “earthen shell”．
【语篇解读】 一个人在岩洞里偶然发现了一个装着许多硬化了的粘土球的袋子。他沿着沙滩走时，把土球用力扔向大海的远处。后来他发现每个土球里都包着一颗宝石，他后悔自己丢掉了许多本可以属于自己的财宝。作者感慨，我们看人也要注意不能只看表面。
21．A.searched C．made
B．lost D．found
D [根据上下文，应该是他在洞穴里“发现了”一袋硬化了的粘土球。] 22．A.rolled C．dug
B．pressed D．cut
A [roll在这里意为“make something into the shape of a ball，”符合句意。] 23．A.while C．if
B．though D．so
D [由于对这些东西感兴趣，他把它们带出了山洞。用so表示结果。] 24．A.pushed C．threw
B．put D．pulled
C [根据下文“...out into the ocean as far as he could”可推出，他尽力把粘土球
扔向大海的远处，故选threw。]
25．A.little C．hard
B．long D．well
A [根据上文可知，他并不认为这些球很有价值，因此在扔出它们的时候也没有多想。]
26．A.Out C．Next
B．Inside D．Below
B [根据下文“...contained a similar treasure”可知，这里是说球里包着宝石。] 27．A.Each C．None
B．Much D．Few
A [根据下文的“He found thousands of dollars' worth of jewels in the 20 or so clay balls”及“he could have had tens of thousands”可知，每个球里都有宝贝。]
28．A.given C．left
B．taken D．dropped
C [这里选left与上文的remaining对应。] 29．A.hidden C．well-known
B．obvious D．questionable
A [结合上文可知，宝石是“藏”在粘土球中的。] 30．A.forgot C．abandoned
B．missed D．faced
B [50或60个藏有宝物的粘土球已被他扔入海中了，他“错过”了机会。] 31．A.money C．people
B．life D．friends
C [下文是由事及人，谈论看待人的问题。根据下文“When we look at a person”可知，谈论对象是一般人，并不仅仅局限于朋友。]
32．A.pity C．ignore
B．blame D．hate
C [句意：由于其外表并非总是美丽耀眼的，因而我们会忽视那个人…。这里选ignore，与上文提到的没有发现粘土球中的宝石对应。]
33．A.warm-hearted
B．honest
C．famous D．stylish
D [这里应填入形容人外表的词。] 34．A.come off C．run out
B．break away D．dry up
A [come off在这里表示“剥落，脱落”。] 35．A.from C．with
B．behind D．by
A [这里是说我们精神上的财富别人不易发现。hide sth./sb.from sb.“把……隐藏起来不让人发现”，是习惯搭配。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A mouse，because of a(n) 36. (lucky)chance，made close friends with an evil frog.One day，37. frog played a trick on the mouse by 38. (tie)a foot of the mouse to his own.At first，both of them joined together and the frog 39. (lead)his friend toward the pool in which he lived，and didn't stop
40. he reached the side of the water.Then the frog suddenly jumped into the water and the mouse was pulled in with 41. (he)．The frog enjoyed the water and swam in it around，happily crying 42. if he had done a great deed.The unhappy mouse died soon in the water，and his dead body floated around on the surface，
43. (fasten)to the foot of the frog.A hawk saw the dead mouse，suddenly flew down towards it，caught it and flew away.The frog，still tied to the foot of the mouse，was also carried off as a 44. (prison)，and he 45. (eat)by the hawk.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一个有关老鼠和青蛙的故事，说明了一个道理，即害人终害己。
36．unlucky [设空处前为不定冠词，后为名词，由此可推断设空处应为形容词作定语，根据语境可知这只老鼠运气不佳，故填unlucky。]
37．the [设空处后的名词frog是第二次被提到，表示特指，故填定冠词the。] 38．tying [介词(by)后需用动名词形式作宾语，故填tie的动名词形式tying。] 39．led [根据上下文以及“and didn't stop”可知，设空处应该用一般过去时，故填led。]
40．until [本句使用了“not...until...”句型，意为“直到……才……”。] 41．him [后来那只青蛙突然跳进水里，那只老鼠也随之被拉进水中。介词后需用代词的宾格形式，根据提示词he可知设空处填him。]
42．as [好像他做了一件伟大的事似的。as if“好像”。]
43．fastened [主语与空格处之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填fastened。] 44．prisoner [根据设空处前的不定冠词可推知，设空处应为名词，故填prisoner。]
45．was eaten [设空处讲的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时；he与eat之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
端午节是我国的传统节日，农历五月初五为端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)。请根据提示写一篇80词左右的介绍端午节的英语文章。提示如下：
1．节日来历：据说是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原，也有人把端午节命名为“诗人节”；
2．主要活动：吃粽子和赛龙舟，我国从2008年起，把端午节作为法定假日，来弘扬传统文化；
3．影响：我国的端午节文化已传入周边国家，日本和韩国也有类似的节日。 【参考范文】
Dragon Boat Festival is considered as one of the traditional festivals in our nation，which is set on the fifth day of May on the lunar calendar.
It is said that the festival is in honor of the patriotic poet Qu Yuan in the very beginning and it is also called Poet Festival.On that day，people will eat zongzi and take part in dragon boat races to observe the traditional festival.Since 2008，our government has viewed it as a legal holiday to develop and expand our traditional culture.
As a matter of fact，Dragon Boat Festival has a great influence on our neighboring nations，like Japan and South Korea.
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The end of my sophomore year was approaching.Mom called me at the dorm one evening during the last week of May.My summer break would be spent with Grandma and Grandpa on their farm.I wasn't quite satisfied with the arrangement but guessed it was just one summer.Next year would be my little brother's turn.
I arrived late that afternoon.Grandma had prepared more food than the three of us could possibly eat.However，the next morning，Grandpa prepared breakfast for the two of us.He told me Grandma tired herself out yesterday and was going to rest in bed.I made up my mind to be of some help，not be a burden.
Weeks passed.I gradually got accustomed to the life there.In the evenings I usually read or talked with Grandma.She never grew tired of hearing about college or anything I was involved in.She told me stories about her childhood，family and the early years after she and Grandpa had married.
The last Saturday in June，Grandpa suggested going fishing.We hadn't expected what we saw when we got to the pond that morning：One of the swans was dead.Grandpa had given the pair of swans to Grandma on their 50th anniversary.“We can think of buying another one，” I suggested.Grandpa thought for a few moments before answering.
He finally said，“No，it's not that easy.You see，swans mate for life.There's nothing we can do for the one that's left.He has to work it out for himself.”
A few days later，we found the other swan lying near the same spot where we had found the first one.It，too，was dead.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
On July 12，Grandma passed away，who had died suddenly that morning of a stroke.
Paragraph 2：
Life at college was busy but the days spent with Grandma and Grandpa often appeared in my mind.
【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
On July 12，Grandma passed away，who had died suddenly that morning of a stroke.“Perhaps she had tired herself out and needed a permanent sleep，” Grandpa said.After her funeral，Grandpa said that he had made up his mind to live there himself and that we should get back to our own lives.Grandpa was not a man who could outwardly express his grief around others，and we all worried about him.When we said goodbye，I found there was something different about Grandpa but couldn't quite make it out.
Paragraph 2：
Life at college was busy but the days spent with Grandma and Grandpa often appeared in my mind.How I wish to go fishing again with Grandpa! But Mom called me at school on a stormy October day to tell me Grandpa had died，which made me in deep sorrow.Grandpa also died of a stroke，the same as Grandma.At that moment，I suddenly understood what he'd clumsily tried to explain to me about the swans on that morning when we fished together by the pond.
Unit 4 Everyday economics
课时分层作业1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．He wiped away the beads of sweat on his forehead(前额)． 2．Her head still hurt，and she felt slightly dizzy(头晕目眩)．
3．I am confident because I know the creative and enterprising (有进取心的)spirit of this region's people.
4．We will forever be grateful for his considerable input(投入)． 5．The phase(阶段) of writing that is actually most important is revision. 6．The medicine was ready for distribution(分销)． 7．He was a consultant(顾问) to the Swedish government. 8．He purchased(购买) a ticket and went up on the top deck. 9．Pupils will need careful guidance (指导)on their choice of options. 10．I got a five-month bonus(奖金) last year. Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Stephen Wiltshire is a famous artist.His drawings —often drawn from memory and at great speed—are sketched(素描) on the spot at street level.
Stephen，who was born in London in 1974，didn't say a word as a small child，and found it hard to relate to other people.At the age of five，Stephen was sent to Queensmill School，London，where it soon became apparent that he communicated through the language of drawing.His teachers encouraged him to speak by taking away his art materials for a short time；eventually he said his first words—“paper” and “pencil”—but didn't learn to speak fully until the age of nine.
Stephen loved drawing and he was seldom to be found without pen and paper.Once he took part in art competitions，news of his great talent began to spread.Early fans included the late Prime Minister Edward Heath who bought his drawing of Salisbury Cathedral，made when Stephen was just eight.
But Stephen came to wider public attention when the BBC featured him in the
programme，The Foolish Wise Ones in 1987，when he was introduced by Sir Hugh Casson(a past president of the Royal Academy)，as “the best child artist in Britain”.
After that，Stephen's reputation grew worldwide.A second BBC documentary in 2001 showed Stephen flying over London in a helicopter and later completing a detailed drawing of London within three hours，which included 12 historic landmarks(地标性建筑)and 200 other structures.
In 2006 Stephen was recognised for his services to the art world，when he was made a member of the Order of the British Empire.Today wherever Stephen goes，people are attracted by his outstanding talent.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了天才画家Stephen Wiltshire。他在一个陌生的城市，只要在街上转一圈，就可以把街景建筑全都像电脑一样事无巨细地储存下来，再用画笔还原出来。
1．What problem did Stephen have when he was a small child? A．No schools wanted him. B．No teachers liked him. C．He couldn't speak. D．He couldn't spell.
C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Stephen...didn't say a word as a small child...but didn't learn to speak fully until the age of nine.”可知，Stephen小时候不会说话。]
2．When did Stephen become world-famous? A．After his second BBC documentary.
B．After the programme The Foolish Wise Ones． C．After he met with the late Prime Minister Edward Heath. D．After Sir Hugh Casson bought his drawing of Salisbury Cathedral.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段中的“After that，Stephen's reputation grew worldwide.”，再结合第四段内容可知，Stephen上了BBC的节目The Foolish Wise Ones之后开始闻名世界。]
3．What is special about Stephen's drawing of London? A．It was his greatest work.
B．It was drawn in a helicopter. C．It featured historic landmarks. D．It was finished in a short time.
D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“completing a detailed drawing of London within three hours”可知，Stephen只用了三个小时就完成了伦敦画作。另外第一段中的“His drawings—often drawn from memory and at great speed”也说明了Stephen绘画速度之快。]
4．The text is likely to appear in ． A．a novel C．an official report
B．a biography D．a history paper
B [文章出处题。本文按照时间顺序介绍了天才画家Stephen Wiltshire从小至今的主要事迹，因此本文最有可能出自一篇传记。]
B
According to a recent study published in Journal of Consumer Research，many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food.In fact，the study's researchers found that a high price tag will even convince consumers that a certain food is healthful.
According to Rebecca Reczek，co-author of the study，the purpose of the study was to examine a popular belief．Sometimes the belief can be true：Organic produce and wild-caught seafood typically cost more money.But other times，the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.
In one experiment，Reczek's team gave a group of participants a new food product called “granola bites”．Some participants were told the product was very healthy.Other participants were told the bites had little nutritional value.Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.
In another experiment，participants were given a health food bar labeled as “the healthiest protein bar on the planet”．Some participants were told the bar cost just $0.99，others were told the bar was $4.And here's what happened：The people who were given the “cheaper” bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.
The idea that we all believe healthy food needs to be more expensive works against us.All food companies need to do is push up the price to convince us.
But Reczek said，“When we shop，we don't have to be led astray.We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store.We can use facts rather than our intuition(直觉)．”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们认为越贵的食物营养价值就越高，这种想法很容易被商家利用。
5．What does “a popular belief” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．That people should eat healthy food. B．That organic produce is really healthy for us. C．That the nutritional value of food isn't the same. D．That eating healthy food means spending more money.
D [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“many people believe that healthy food must be more expensive than unhealthy food.”以及第二段中的“Sometimes the belief can be true：Organic produce and wild-caught seafood typically cost more money.But other times，the nutritional value of food ranks all the same.”可知，这个很普遍的观点就是：越贵的食物营养价值就越高。]
6．Why did some participants regard the granola bites as more expensive? A．Because they knew they had high nutritional value. B．Because they had been told about the price of them. C．Because they knew they were a new food product. D．Because they considered them organic food.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Participants who were told the granola bites were good for them rated the snack as more expensive than the participants who thought the bites were unhealthy.”可知，他们认为这种食物价格更高是因为他们被告知这种食物对他们的健康有益，即营养价值高。]
7．How did some participants react when hearing the bar cost $0.99? A．They considered it healthy. B．They were doubtful about it. C．They really wanted to buy it.
D．They were very happy about it.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The people who were given the ‘cheaper’ bar needed to read a lot more reviews about the product when it was priced at a lower price point in order to trust that it was healthy.”可知，他们对低的价格持怀疑态度。]
8．According to Reczek，what should we do when we go shopping? A．Buy food that is more expensive. B．Consult other people for advice. C．Pay attention to nutrition labels. D．Avoid buying unknown food.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We can compare nutrition labels and we can do research before we go to the grocery store.”可知选C项。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Need more excitement in your life? Maybe it's time to take up an extreme sport! 1 Each year they are becoming more and more popular.Some examples of extreme sports include base jumping，ice climbing，cave diving，and...cheese rolling？！
No one knows exactly how it started，but Cooper's Hill Cheese-Rolling Race is an annual event that has taken place for over 100 years.The name comes from Cooper's Hill where the “sport” takes place，just outside the village of Brockworth，England.
2 A wheel of cheese is thrown down a hill while a group of people chase after it，trying to be the first to catch it or reach the bottom of the hill.The cheese weighs just over 3kg and picks up a lot of speed travelling down the very steep slope(斜坡)． 3 And if you come second or third you'll receive ￡10.Incredibly，the event has become so popular that people travel from all over the world to take part—even from as far away as Canada and Australia.
But what makes the sport so extreme，and why has the local government tried to ban the tradition? Injuries—and lots of them.The hill is so steep that it's not actually possible to run down it. 4 Ambulances arrive at the event before the race even starts in preparation for all those who will need a trip to the hospital.Go to and search for “Gloucestershire Cheese Rolling” to see the event in action. 5 Maybe you will want to have a try someday.
A．It's as silly as it sounds.
B．If you win，you get to keep the cheese. C．Is it wrong to let children do extreme sports? D．These popular activities can be extremely dangerous. E．Be prepared to both laugh and cover your eyes in shock. F．Instead，you fall，bounce and roll your way to the bottom.
G．Extreme sports are activities that involve a high amount of danger and excitement.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了滚奶酪极限运动。
1．G [G项中的Extreme sports与上文的“an extreme sport”相呼应；该空后的they即指代G项中的Extreme sports。]
2．A [下文的“A wheel of cheese is thrown down a hill...the bottom of the hill.”是对A项的具体说明，即这项运动看起来和听起来一样傻。]
3．B [B项与下文的“And if you come second or third you'll receive ￡10.”都是对奖项的说明。]
4．F [F项是对上文的“The hill is so steep that it's not actually possible to run down it.”的进一步说明，指出该项运动为什么危险。]
5．E [E项与上文的“search for ‘Gloucestershire Cheese Rolling’ to see the event in action”相呼应。]
课时分层作业2
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We are using technology to reduce the money that/which we spend on goods and services.
2．What is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly(increasing) relevant to our daily lives.
3．It is expanding at such a rate that we can only imagine what it will comprise in the future.
4．Some people have experienced damage to their properties while renting out their homes.
5．Sharing encourages us to reuse(reuse) items，thereby cutting down on waste. 6．I'll see whether she's at home. 7．Whether it is an online shop where we can hire designer clothes at rock-bottom prices，or a platform from which we can rent out our flats，it is out there.
8．They were well trained by their masters who/that had great experience with caring for these animals.
9．Self-driving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
10．Kate，whose sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I'm sure many of you are familiar with the New Year's resolution(决心)—“get 1 ”．After a Christmas of staying 2 ， watching television and eating far too much chocolate，I decided enough was enough.January was going to be 3 ．January was going to be the start of the new，healthy me—less chocolate，more 4 ， an all-round healthier lifestyle.But how was I going to do this? As I browsed the Internet looking for 5 ， I realised just how little I knew about ways to get fit.In terms of exercise，I had always 6 you either played a team sport like football or went to the gym.And with the arrival of January snow，playing football outside didn't seem like the best option，and as I have a deep-rooted 7 of falling off running machines，the gym wasn't going to work out either.Plus I've never quite understood the concept of 8 to run inside when you could run outside for free!
9 ， I knew that I needed to research my options further.The first thing I found was the world of exercise videos.There are videos for 10 about everything.The good thing about videos is that they are free，they are flexible (you can do them whenever you want)and you don't have to 11 your nice warm house to do them.But unless you do them with a friend it's difficult to motivate yourself to keep going，and without an instructor there with you it's sometimes hard to know if you're doing the move 12 ．
I then researched local fitness classes and found my small town to be absolutely swimming with 13 ！ I quickly signed up to the overall sports club，had a look at the weekly timetable and 14 to try them all out.So far I have tried out most of them.My 15 ones are by far the dance-based ones that take place to music，because it makes exercise so much more fun!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己探索适合自己的运动方式的经历。
1．A.rich C．busy
B．fit D．ready
B [由下文的“the new”“healthy me”及“ways to get fit”可知，作者的新年打算是变得“健康(fit)”。]
2．A.alone C．indoors
B．abroad D．outside
C [圣诞节期间天气寒冷，作者应该是一直“在室内(indoors)”，看电视、吃东西，过着很不健康的生活。]
3．A.hard C．relaxing
B．similar D．different
D [由下文的“January was going to be the start of the new，healthy me”可知，作者打算用“不同的(different)”方式过新年的第一个月。]
4．A.exercise C．fun
B．food D．work
A [由下文的“healthier lifestyle”及“In terms of exercise”可推断，作者打算以后少吃巧克力，多做“运动(exercise)”。]
5．A.impression C．inspiration
B．preparation D．permission
C [作者浏览网上的信息以获得关于健康生活的“灵感(inspiration)”。] 6．A.allowed C．assumed
B．admitted D．promised
C [关于运动，作者原来一直“以为(assumed)”只有两种方式：做团体性运动或去健身房。]
7．A.surprise C．sadness
B．anger D．fear
D [由下文的“falling off running machines，the gym wasn't going work out either”可推断，作者很“害怕(fear)”从跑步机上摔下来。]
8．A.paying C．practicing
B．planning D．playing
A [此处是相对于下文的“for free”而言。即作者无法理解人们为什么明明可以免费在室外跑步却偏要“花钱(pay)”在室内跑步。]
9．A.Therefore C．Besides
B．However D．Otherwise
A [由上段可知，作者发现她所了解的两种运动方式都不可行，“因此(Therefore)”，她知道自己需要多做一些研究。]
10．A.only C．just
B．also D．still
C [作者发现上面有关于几乎所有运动方式的视频。just about“几乎”。]
11．A.clean C．build
B．leave D．buy
B [跟着网上视频做运动不必“离开(leave)”家，在家里就可以做。] 12．A.smartly C．correctly
B．quickly D．beautifully
C [没有教练在身边，有时你很难知道自己的动作是否“正确(correctly)”。] 13．A.opportunity C．pressure
B．danger D．patience
A [由下文的感叹号及“I quickly signed up to the overall sports club”可推断，作者惊喜地发现自己所在的城镇里充满了关于运动的“机会(opportunity)”。]
14．A.agreed C．believed
B．decided D．advised
B [作者“决定(decided)”尝试运动俱乐部里的所有运动项目。] 15．A.regular
B．creative
C．ordinary D．favourite
D [由下文的“because it makes exercise so much more fun”可推断，作者“最喜欢的(favourite)”运动是那些可以跟着音乐跳舞的类型。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
Charles Dickens was born in 1812.When he was only 12 years old，he had to get a job in a factory 1. (work)12-hour days，because his family，except himself，moved into a debtor's prison.He hardly made enough 2. (buy)bread and rent a bed in an old room.
Desperately，Charles' father studied shorthand.When he received some money from a relative，he paid his debts 3. got out of prison.He then got a job as a court reporter.
Charles quit his job and went to school.Charles studied hard and learned 4. (speed)．He also studied people，paying attention 5. what they did and why they did it.After two years，he got a job as a reporter at England's Houses of Parliament.Even though he found it 6. (fascinate)，he wondered why they didn't adopt laws to help poor people.
Then one day Charles decided to wrote a story of 7. (he)own.Every character seemed to be a little like someone 8. he had known.Finally，one evening he published his story，under the pseudonym(笔名)Boz，at The Monthly Magazine office.
The magazine 9. (want)more and more stories by Boz，so Charles wrote many stories about people such as David Copperfield and Oliver Twist.Folks around the world were fascinated by the people his 10. (imagine)brought to life. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了狄更斯的生平和自我奋斗的历史。
1．working [he与work之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随状况，故填working。]
2．to buy [设空处作目的状语，故填to buy。] 3．and [设空处前后为并列关系，故填and。]
4．speedily [设空处修饰动词learned，需用副词形式，故填speedily。] 5．to [pay attention to意为“关心，注意”。]
6．fascinating [设空处表示“极有吸引力的，迷人的”，故填fascinating。] 7．his [设空处与own意为“他自己的”。]
8．who/that [设空处引导定语从句修饰someone，且在从句中作宾语，故填who/that。]
9．wanted [该句描述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故填wanted。] 10．imagination [设空处由物主代词his修饰，需用名词形式，故填imagination。]
课时分层作业3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The other day，my sister and I were sitting in a restaurant，trying to have a conversation，but her children，four-year-old Willow and seven-year-old Luca，would not stop fighting.The arguments — over a fork，or who had more water in a glass — never stopped.
Then my sister reached into her handbag，produced two shiny iPads(苹果平板电脑)，and handed one to each child.Suddenly，the two were quiet.They sat playing games and watching videos，and we continued with our conversation.
After our meal，as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her bag，she said，“I don't want to give them the iPads at the dinner table，but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace，I often just hand them over.I'm afraid it's bad for them.I do worry that it makes them think it's OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.”
Dr.Gary Small，director of the Longevity Center at the University of California，Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli(刺激物)，like iPads and smartphone screens，and if people spend too much time on one technology，and less time interacting(互动)with people like parents at the dinner table，that could prevent the development of certain communication skills.
“Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves，and learn how to be alone，” said Sherry Turkle，a professor of science，technology and society at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.She fears that children who do not learn real interactions，which often have imperfections，will come to know a world where perfect，shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy(亲密)without risk.However，they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are.So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone.“If you don't teach your children to be alone，they'll only know how to be lonely，” she said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。用iPad让孩子们安静下来似乎很有效，但是这样做对吗？
1．What did Willow and Luca fight about? A．iPads. C．Delicious food.
B．Little things. D．Interesting things.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The arguments — over a fork，or who had more water in a glass — never stopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca为一些小事争吵。]
2．How did the author's sister feel about offering children iPads? A．She was critical of it. B．She felt it was worth a try. C．She was uncertain about it. D．She felt surprised at its effect.
C [推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，虽然作者的姐姐会用iPad让孩子们安静下来，但是她又担心这样做不好，因此说她对这种做法心存疑虑。]
3．According to Dr.Gary Small，what should parents do? A．Provide their children with various technologies. B．Teach their children communication skills. C．Talk to their children at the dinner table. D．Limit their children's screen time.
D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“if people spend too much time on one technology...prevent the development of certain communication skills”可知，长时间使
用电子设备有碍于孩子们一些沟通技能的发展，因此家长应该孩子使用这些设备的时间。]
4．What is Sherry Turkle worried? A．Children are afraid of taking risks. B．Children try to escape from the real world. C．Children can't live without electronic devices. D．Children can't deal with companionless situations.
D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She fears that children...will come to know a world where perfect，shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy(亲密) without risk.”可知，Sherry Turkle担心孩子们习惯了电子设备的陪伴，认为真正的人际交往也是如此，随时随地有人陪伴，因此他们会受不了孤单。]
B
More than 2，500 tiny glass jars — each containing brightly colored powders — line the walls of a museum at Harvard University in Cambridge，Massachusetts.The pigment(颜料)samples make up the Forbes Pigment Collection.Art experts rely on the collection for an important scientific purpose — the colors act as standards to help them conserve and authenticate artists' paintings.
About a century ago，Edward Forbes，an art historian and art museum director at Harvard，noticed that the paint on some 14th-century paintings in his museum's collection was deteriorating．To figure out how to save the paintings，he realized he would have to learn more about the materials used to make their paint.
Today，people can buy paint in every color of the rainbow.But variety in paint colors — and the ability to purchase those paints at a store — wasn't always possible.For centuries，artists collected and crushed(碾碎) everything from shells to rare stones to create the pigments that colored their artworks.They also used metal oxides(氧化物)．
From 1910 to 1944，Forbes traveled the globe collecting powdered pigments.The samples helped art conservators understand how paint behaves on a chemical level.Paint might react to changes in light，temperature，or humidity，depending on its pigments' compositions.This can affect the colors of a painting over time or even cause paint to come off the painted surface.
Today，Narayan Khandekar，a senior conservation scientist at the Harvard Art Museums，is building on Forbes's work by adding newer，chemically made pigments to the collection.The collection also plays an important role in helping to stop counterfeiters(伪造者)．In 2007，experts compared pigments from the collection with those from a painting thought to belong to abstract artist Jackson Pollock.Chemical analysis showed that a red pigment in the painting was actually made 20 years after the artist's death，proving that the artwork was a fake.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了哈佛大学色素博物馆的来历及其作用。
5．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “deteriorating” in Paragraph 2?
A．Dropping off. C．Cleared away.
B．Breaking down. D．Gathered together.
B [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的句子“To figure out how to save the paintings”可推知，一些14世纪的绘画被损坏了，故此处的deteriorating可以用breaking down(损坏)代替。]
6．What can be inferred about Edward Forbes? A．He was good at chemistry. B．He collected many pigments. C．He created pigments by himself. D．He repaired a lot of old paintings.
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Forbes traveled the globe collecting powdered pigments”以及博物馆藏品的命名“Forbes Pigment Collection”可推知Forbes从全球各地收集了许多颜料。]
7．What may be the best title for the text? A．Colorful collection B．Looking for pigments
C．Every pigment has its own story D．Edward Forbes and his collection
A [标题归纳题。文章介绍了哈佛大学色素博物馆的来历及其作用。“Colorful
collection”形象准确地概括了全文的主要内容，故A项为文章最佳标题。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was 28 years old，the age when most young people have their eyes firmly fixed on the promise of success but I was a failure.Six years earlier，fresh from college，I had joined a dramatic producing company，and had been going into small towns and rural communities producing country-style musical comedies.But，in the summer of 1940，the country was in a depression，radio had changed people's tastes，and part-time shows weren't all that big any more.So，jobless and with nothing else in sight，I went back home.Later I got a job as a recreation-room director in my hometown.It paid $50 a month，for which I was grateful，but it sure was a dull job.
I felt so frustrated with my plan to be a dramatic star.Restless and dissatisfied though I was，it was nice，in a way，to be back home.I tried to teach some of my town's children music and drama.And when I got a chance，I'd try my luck as a performer myself.I'd dress up as a country girl and tell little stories and jokes that I'd picked up during my years living around country folk.I gave this country girl a name — Minnie Pearl.
One October afternoon I was in the recreation room，waiting for the children when a banker friend，Jim Walker，came in and said，“We're going to have a bankers' meeting here.I understand you've been teaching some children dramatics and dancing and singing.Would you let the children entertain the bankers？” I said，yes.Suddenly，he turned and added，“Oh，by the way，the speaker from Chicago is flying here.If he's late，would you mind doing that Minnie Pearl thing？” I told Jim I'd do it.
That night the children sang and danced to old-time，popular songs when I was backstage.After we finished the performance, Jim came to me.“The speaker's not here yet.You'll have to help us.” “All right，” I told him，“just give me a minute to dress up.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
Then I went out in front of the hundred or so men in the audience.
Paragraph 2：
Then I walked off the stage into the audience，and a banker greeted me. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
Then I went out in front of the hundred or so men in the audience.I said，“I'd like to give you my performance of a country girl.” I started telling them about the wonderful stories and jokes.And the bankers were laughing and applauding.When I ran out of stories，I looked over at Jim Walker，and he shook his head.So I started singing old country songs.At the end of the second song，Jim came over to me and said，“The speaker's here.You can stop now.”
Paragraph 2：
Then I walked off the stage into the audience，and a banker greeted me.He told me that my performance was very interesting and recommended me to a manager of the great country music station.The manager had me come up for an interview and offered me a good job.That changed my whole life.It was the beginning of Minnie Pearl，and，to me，the end of my “failure” and the beginning of a new way to share fun with others and look at things.
单元综合测验
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5)
A Music
Opera at Music Hall：1243 Elm Street.The season runs June through August，with additional performances in March and September.The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts.Phone：241-2742.h tt p：//w w w. cit yop era. co m. Chamber Orchestra：The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June.Call 723-1182 for more information.h tt p：//w ww. chamberorch. co m. Symphony Orchestra：At Music Hall and Riverbend.For ticket sales, call 381-3300.Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend.h ttp：//ww w. symphony. org/home.asp. College Conservatory of Music (CCM)：Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater.CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet，CCM's Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music.Students with I．D.cards can attend the events for free.A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183.ht tp ：//ww w.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar. Riverbend Music Theater：6295 Kellogg Ave.Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference)．Big name shows all summer long! Phone：232-6220.h tt p：//w ww. riverbendmusic. c o m. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文——广告。全文介绍了要举办的五场音乐演出。提供的信息包含音乐会的主题、电话以及网址等。此类广告具有条目清晰的特点，因此所设问题也是针对某项内容。
1．Which number should you call if you want to see an opera? A．241-2742. C．381-3300.
B．723-1182. D．232-6220.
A [细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的“The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts.Phone：2412742.”可以得出，如果想看歌剧，应打241-2742。其他四则广告都没有提到opera一词。]
2．When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra? A．February.
B．May.
C．August. D．November.
B [细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的“...which offers several concerts from March through June.”可知，可以在三月至六月去听Chamber Orchestra举办的音乐会，因此May(五月)合适。February(二月)，August(八月)和November(十一月)都不在此范围内。]
3．Where can students go for free performances with their I．D.cards? A．Music Hall. B．Memorial Hall. C．Patricia Cobbett Theater. D．Riverbend Music Theater.
C [细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的“...usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater.”和“Students with I．D.cards can attend the events for free.”可知，有身份证的学生在Patricia Cobbett Theater可以免费看演出。A、B、D三项并未提身份证的问题，故可排除。]
4．How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places? A．It has seats in the open air. B．It gives shows all year round. C．It offers membership discounts. D．It presents famous musical works.
A [细节理解题。本题需要纵向地将五则广告进行比较。第五则广告Riverbend Music Theater提到了outdoor，而前四则广告中，这些举办音乐演出的场地都没有说是露天的，因此这是Riverbend Music Theater与众不同的地方。B项有一定的干扰性。从最后一则广告中的“...all summer long！”可知，B项中的all year round(一整年)表述错误，因此可以排除；C项表示给会员打折，这是第一则广告提及的内容；D项表示展现一些知名的音乐作品，在文中没有依据，不能说明Riverbend Music Theater与其他地方的不同。]
B
Dearest darling girl，
Today is the beginning of the next stage in your life.We head off to your new home at Stanford.Where do I start in telling you how proud I feel to be called Mummy by you?
We've laughed at how you burst into this world with a scowl on your face，how determined you have always been right from feeding yourself to making big decisions for your life.There were days during your illness that I wasn't sure you had the will to make it.Telling you that you needed to want to get better was the hardest and yet the greatest day.From that day you took responsibility and decided you wanted to beat anorexia(厌食症)．
I don't think I've ever felt so proud of you as when you came home to say that you wanted to go to West Africa between school and university.You chose to go alone，and to raise the money yourself.You have such strength of character and determination.It is at times hard to believe that you are only 18.You experienced something in that month that few dare experience in a lifetime.
So，Viv，here are my words of wisdom to you as you start your next big adventure.The world is a beautiful place but often a few things can make it seem difficult.God's temple is made of love.It's man's temple that is built of stones.Open your heart to goodness and never ever let negative people or thoughts take hold of you.As Minor Myers put it，“Go into the world and do well.But more importantly，go into the world and do good.”
It is true that with every passing day，I will grow older and weaker.A day may come when I will become forgetful.But even then，you with your bright smile，will light up my heart.
Your Alo
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。这是妈妈写给刚上大学的女儿的一封信，在信中，母亲表达了对自己女儿的骄傲和内心的满足，并对女儿提出了期望。
5．What can be learned from the first paragraph? A．Viv was once a trouble maker. B．Viv is a freshman in Stanford. C．Viv relies on her parents a lot. D．Viv was defeated by anorexia.
B [推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“We head off to your new home at Stanford.”可推知，Viv是斯坦福的大学新生。故选B。]
6．Why did Viv go to West Africa?
A．To do what others dare not. B．To show her determination. C．To get money for school fees. D．To go on an adventure by herself.
D [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“You chose to go alone，and to raise the money yourself.”和第二段最后一句“You experienced something in that month that few dare experience in a lifetime.”及第三段第一句中的“as you start your next big adventure”可知，Viv去西非的原因是要独自去冒险经历一些事情。故选D。]
7．What is Alo's advice for Viv? A．To be a positive and kind person. B．To avoid the negative part of life. C．To be cautious of cold-hearted people. D．To explore the beauty of the world.
A [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Open your heart to goodness and never......go into the world and do good.’”可推知，Alo给Viv的建议是做一个积极而又善良的人。故选A。]
8．How did the author feel when writing the letter? A．Amused and thankful. B．Pleased and satisfied. C．Cheerful and relieved. D．Concerned and anxious.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“A day may come when I will become...will light up my heart.”以及全文内容可知，作者为自己的女儿感到骄傲且内心很满足。A项意为“愉悦和感激的”；B项意为“高兴和满足的”；C 项意为“高兴和欣慰的”；D 项意为“担心和焦虑的”。故选B。]
C
No one can doubt the fact that education plays an important role in a person's life.However，different people prefer different ways of education.Recently，a survey in Canada found that about 40 percent of high school students are not in favor of daily homework，which quickly led to a heated discussion about whether daily homework
should be ended or not in schools.
Some people insist that daily homework helps students a lot.Yet others are for the opinion that homework is nothing more than a routine activity that cuts time for leisure or physical exercise.It's true that out-of-class
activities should be valued in a student's development，but from my point of view，homework still plays an important role in one's life.
Doing daily homework is a way to build a foundation for a person's self-development.In the long run，students' study habits will be more developed and their awareness of the importance of learning will be raised by doing homework every day.An experiment carried out by the University of British Columbia found that former students who did homework every day still take part in self-study every day even though they have already graduated.Homework also helped give them a deeper understanding of how important education is in a person's life.
Students doing homework every day also have better time management skills，since daily academic exercises can help them plan their free time more effectively.Take me as an example，I spent a lot of time playing video games when I was in primary school when there was little homework to do.After I got to middle school，the time I spent on homework began to increase greatly.But it did not become a burden for me.Instead，it helped me get rid of my gaming habit as well as improve my ability to manage time.
Doing homework not only develops students' good habits and knowledge，but also improves their ability to manage their spare time.Although doing daily homework isn't ideal for everyone，people have to admit that the advantages it brings are more valuable than the harm.
【语篇解读】 本文论述了做家庭作业的好处：为自身发展打下坚实的基础；对时间更好的掌控能力；培养学生良好的习惯。
9．What's the author's attitude toward doing homework? A．Favorable. C．Neutral.
B．Doubtful. D．Critical.
A [观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句“It's true that outofclass activities should...important role in one's life.”可知，作者赞成做作业。]
10．Some students are not willing to do homework because they think ． A．there is no point in doing homework B．doing homework takes up their spare time C．there is too much homework for them D．their daily homework is too easy
B [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Yet others are for the opinion that homework...or physical exercise.”可知，一些学生不愿意做作业是因为他们认为作业占用了他们太多的业余时间，从而减少了休闲和锻炼的时间。]
11．What section of a newspaper is this text most probably taken from? A．Science. C．Business.
B．Health. D．Education.
D [文章出处题。本文论述了做家庭作业的好处：为自身发展打下坚实的基础；对时间更好的掌控能力；培养学生良好的习惯。因此本文很可能出现在报纸上的“教育”栏目中。]
12．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? a．Doing homework develops students' good habits. b．Students have to waste their free time doing homework. c．Doing homework does good to students' health.
d．Students improve time management skills by doing homework. A．a，d C．a，c
B．b，c D．b，d
A [细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“Students doing homework...their free time more effectively.”和第五段第一句“Doing homework not only develops students' good habits and knowledge，but also improves their ability to manage their spare time.”可知选A。]
D
If you choose only to complain and escape from a misfortune，it will always follow you wherever you go.But if you decide to be strong，the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.
In an accident，a boy lost both his arms and his father who was the main source of
support for the family.Since then，he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.For the sake of taking care of him，his younger brother became his shadow，never leaving him alone for years.Except for writing with his toes，he was completely unable to do anything in his life.
As the two brothers grew up together，they had their share of problems and they would often quarrel.Then one day，his younger brother wanted to leave，living his own life，as many normal people do.So he was heartbroken and didn't know what to do.
A similar misfortune befell a girl，too.One night，her mother who suffered from chronic mental illness disappeared.Her father went out to look for her mother，leaving her alone at home.She tried to prepare meals for her parents，only to overturn the kerosene light on the stove，resulting in a fire which took her hands away.
Though her elder sister who was studying in another city showed her willingness to take care of her，she was determined to be completely independent.At school，she always studied hard.Most of all she learned to be self-reliant.
One day，the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program.The boy told the TV host about his uncertain future at being left on his own，whereas the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life.They were both asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes.The boy wrote：My younger brother's arms are my arms；while the girl wrote：Broken wings，flying heart.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过介绍两个不同的故事启迪我们应当积极勇敢地面对困难。
13．What attitude should we take towards a misfortune in the author's opinion? A．Trying to find an escape from it. B．Facing it bravely with a positive mind. C．Asking for help from your relatives. D．Ignoring it and living a normal life.
B [推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“But if you decide to be strong，the hardship will turn out to be fortune on which new hopes will arise.”可推知，面对困难我们应当积极勇敢地面对，故B项正确。]
14．After the accident，the boy ．
A．decided to live with his brother B．learnt to do things with his toes C．made a living all by himself D．depended wholly on his brother
D [细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Since then，he has had to depend on the arms of his younger brother.”可知，失去双臂后，他就完全依靠他的弟弟，故D项正确。]
15．Which of the following is TRUE of the girl? A．She lost her mother in an accident. B．Her sister took good care of her. C．She was optimistic and full of courage. D．She led a poor life with her father.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句中的“the girl was full of enthusiasm for her life”，并结合第五段可知，她决定生活，在学校努力学习。据此可知，女孩在事故后乐观而坚强，故C项正确。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
A good training partner can be a great asset(有用的人)to your training but if you get stuck with a bad one，it could lead you down the road to frustration. 16 Here are a few things to look out for：
·Dependable.Choose someone who you are sure will show up for every scheduled workout or who will call you if they can't make it.It is a drain(消耗)on your valuable energy especially before training to have to constantly remind your partner.
·Attitude.Get a partner with a positive attitude.This is very important.If they constantly say that something is impossible or that they can't or you can't do something，you may end up believing them. 17 ·Open mind.Get a partner with an open mind.Someone who has to do things his or her way all the time，will not listen to you and will not change his or her mind isn't a good partner. 18 The leader should take into account the needs and feelings of the other partner not totally ignoring them.
·Spotting.Get someone you feel comfortable with spotting you.One of the main roles of a training partner is spotting and if you don't trust them，there's not much point
in having them around to help.
· 19 If you are a beginner，try to find someone who knows what they are doing.You will get more out of your training than if you train with another beginner.
While there are a number of advantages of having a training partner，there are also advantages of working alone. 20 A．Training level. B．Similar strength levels.
C．Be selective when choosing a training partner. D．Find someone with a similar training goal as you. E．In every partnership，one person will tend to be the leader. F．Do not train with someone who is satisfied with no improvement.
G．In the end，it is really up to you whether or not you need a training partner. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了挑选一个好的健身伙伴需要考虑的几个因素。
16．C [根据上文“A good training partner can be a great asset(有用的人)．..the road to frustration.”可知，健身伙伴有好有坏；再结合下文的“Here are a few things to look out for”可知，C项“挑选健身伙伴时要仔细斟酌”承上启下，符合语境。]
17．F [根据上文中的“Attitude.Get a partner with a positive attitude...”可知，挑选健身伙伴时要考虑对方的态度，选择那些态度积极的人做伙伴，而不要和那些不求上进的人结为健身伙伴，故选F。]
18．E [E项中的“the leader”与空格后的“The leader should take into account the needs and feelings of the other partner not totally ignoring them.”相照应，故选E。]
19．A [根据下文中的“If you are a beginner，try to find someone who...train with another beginner.”可知，选择健身伙伴时还要考虑个人训练水平，挑选那些比自己水平高的人作为健身伙伴。]
20．G [根据上文中的“While there are a number of advantages of having a training partner，there are also advantages of working alone.”可知，G项，“最终，你是否需要健身伙伴真的要由你自己来决定”符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
In 1994 I was in the midst of a depression(抑郁症)．When I was depressed，I
21 ．One day I was cleaning up the rooms and found a CD covered with dust.I wiped it off，put it in the 22 and started washing dishes.A man's voice，reading poetry，filled my house.The sound of the speaker's voice and the words of the poems reached something deep inside me.I stopped and 23 ．
I began to take poems into my life, not simply reading them，but developing rich relationships with the 24 ．I learned many by heart.They became my therapy(疗法) and 25 ．Those poems made me wiser and healthier.
26 ， in the fall of 2008，poetry 27 me in a way I had never expected.I had put all my savings in a small，local fund(基金)．Two months later，the leader of the fund left me a message：“The financial crisis 28 our fund particularly hard.We've lost everything.”
I stood there， 29 ．
Suddenly I heard a poem， 30 ， called Kindness in my mind.It felt like the poem had been written for me 31 ， for this exact moment，like the perfect helper 32 on the scene at the instant of an accident.Kindness became my 33 ．I read it before going to bed，and at breakfast every morning.It reminded me that this was not a 34 ， but a path to sympathy，and I was not walking alone.Even now，I reach for Kindness several times a week to carry me 35 the heart of what really matters to me.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”患有抑郁症，偶然间爱上了诗歌朗诵，这些诗歌抚慰了“我”的心灵；“我”投资基金，遭遇金融危机，积蓄全都没了，是一首名叫《善良》的诗歌让“我”重新对生活燃起希望。
21．A.ran C．cleaned
B．slept D．sang
C [根据下句中的“One day I was cleaning up the rooms”可知，“我”抑郁时便会打扫房间。C项意为“清除，打扫”，符合语境。故选C。]
22．A.drawer C．washer
B．player D．fridge
B [根据下句中的“A man's voice，reading poetry”可以判断，“我”将CD放进了播放器。B项意为“CD、唱片、录像带等的播放机”，符合语境。故选B。]
23．A.wept C．laughed
B．left D．listened
A [根据语境可知，朗读者的声音和诗歌的内容触动了“我”的内心深处；据此可推知，“我”停下手中的活，哭了起来。A项意为“哭泣”，符合语境。故选A。]
24．A.tunes C．words
B．rhymes D．CDs
C [根据第一段倒数第二句中的“the words of the poems”，并结合下一句“I learned many by heart.”可知，此处指诗歌的内容。故选C。]
25．A.medicine C．assistance
B．food D．attention
A [根据上文中的“I was in the midst of a depression(抑郁症)．”和该句中的关键词“therapy(疗法)”可知，此处指这些诗歌成为“我”治疗抑郁症的良药。A项意为“药品，药物，良药”，符合语境。故选A。]
26．A.Still C．Then
B．Yet D．Soon
C [结合第一段第一句中的“In 1994”和该句中的“in the fall of 2008”可知，此处指后来，在2008年的秋天。故选C。]
27．A.surprised C．warned
B．impressed D．rescued
D [根据下文描述的诗歌帮助“我”从钱财损失中恢复过来并成为“我”的精神支柱可以判断，这些诗歌以“我”未曾预料到的方式拯救了“我”。D项意为“拯救”，符合语境。故选D。]
28．A.hit C．pushed
B．blew D．pressed
A [根据下文“We've lost everything.”可知，此处表示“金融危机重创了‘我们’的基金。”A项意为“产生不良影响，打击，危害，重创”，符合语境。故选A。]
29．A.fearless C．breathless
B．thankless D．defenceless
C [根据上文可知，经济危机使“我”的积蓄打了水漂，故此处指“我”站在那儿，喘不过气来。C项意为“喘不过气来的”，符合语境。故选C。]
30．A.by coincidence C．in the distance
B．out of nowhere D．by accident
B [根据该句“Suddenly I heard a poem...in my mind.”可知，此处应指不知怎么地，“我”的脑海中响起了一首叫《善良》的诗。B项意为“不知怎么地”，符合语境。故选B。]
31．A.immediately C．casually
B．sincerely D．personally
D [根据该句中的“for me”和“for this exact moment”可以判断，“我”感觉这首诗就像是为“我”量身定做的。D项意为“个别地，私人地”，符合语境。故选D。]
32．A.reading C．walking
B．arriving D．escaping
B [根据语境可知，这首诗的出现就如一位合适的施助者抵达了事故现场。B项意为“到达，抵达”，符合语境。故选B。]
33．A.homework C．prayer
B．religion D．memory
C [根据下文的“I read it before going to bed，and at breakfast every morning.”可知，这首诗成了“我”的祈祷文。C项意为“祈祷文，祷辞”，符合语境。故选C。]
34．A.mistake C．comfort
B．lesson D．tragedy
D [根据该句中的“but a path to sympathy”以及上文所叙述的受经济危机的冲击，“我”的钱都打了水漂可知，这首诗歌让“我”意识到这件事情并不是悲剧，而是通向同情的道路。D项意为“悲剧，不幸”，符合语境。故选D。]
35．A.for C．off
B．with D．into
D [carry sb./sth.into意为“将某人/某物带至”。此处指这首诗歌带“我”走进对“我”来说什么才是真正重要的东西的核心。故选D。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
If you're a fan of great movies，you have 36. (probable) heard about DreamWorks Pictures，or simply DreamWorks.This American movie company has made some of 37. greatest live-action and animated films in recent
history.DreamWorks 38. (start)in 1994 by three of the top movie producers in Hollywood：Steven Spielberg，David Geffen，and Jeffrey Katzenberg.
They wanted DreamWorks to be different from other studios，so they made three special rules.First，they agreed to make 39. (few) than nine movies each year.By producing fewer movies，they could make sure that each one was excellent.Second，they said that each person was free to do other 40. (create)projects.The final rule was that they would stop 41. (work) before dinner，so they could spend time with 42. (they) families.
When the time came to pick a logo for their new company，Spielberg wanted a logo 43. made people think of Hollywood studios from the past.In the end，the producers chose a picture of a boy sitting on the moon，44. (hold)a fishing rod.This logo also reminds people about their childhood.The company changed hands many times，eventually focusing 45. animation and changing its name to DreamWorks Animation in 2004.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了梦工厂影业的创立与发展过程。
36．probably [设空处作状语修饰“heard about”，故填副词probably。] 37．the [形容词最高级前面需用定冠词，故填the。]
38．was started [由“in 1994”可知，此处需用一般过去时，又因主语“DreamWorks”与start之间是被动关系，故填was started。]
39．fewer [由than可知，此处需用比较级，故填fewer。] 40．creative [设空处作定语，意为“创造性的”，故填creative。] 41．working [stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”。] 42．their [设空处作定语修饰families，故填their。]
43．that/which [设空处引导性定语从句修饰先行词logo，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。]
44．holding [由句意可知设空处作伴随状语，且boy与hold之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填holding。]
45．on/upon [focus on/upon...意为“集中精力于……上”。] Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是某中学的学生会李华。最近，一批来自英国的高中生将来你校访问。请你写一篇英语发言稿，介绍为他们安排的活动。内容包括：
1．参观校园；
2．观看介绍学校的短片；
3．体验中国古代成人礼(adulthood ceremony)。
注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends，
Welcome to our school. Thanks. 【参考范文】 Dear friends，
Welcome to our school.I'm Li Hua，president of the Student Union.Now I'd like to tell you about the schedule for your visit today.
First of all，I will show you around our campus so that you can get a general impression of our school.After that，you'll watch a short video that will help you learn more about the history，characteristics，staff and students of our school.What's more，you will take part in an ancient adulthood ceremony，which provides a good opportunity for you to experience.
Thanks. Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Megan is a bright and curious little girl，as most children at age eight.When walking she looks up，down，or sideways，never where she's going.One day，she spotted，partly covered by leaves and litter，a $100 bill.She looked to see if anyone was watching and bent down to crumple(弄皱) the bill in her tiny hand.Sliding it into her jacket pocket，she took another guilty look and then hurried off to school.
Her day was spent watching her jacket hung on the wall by the door.During lunch，she took it off and ran to the far side of the playground to pull out the crumpled bill and stare at it and see that it was real and belonged to her.When some older kids wandered by，she put it back into her pocket quickly and rushed back into the classroom.
It wasn't until she was riding home on the school bus that she started to wonder about whom the bill had belonged to before it came to be hers.“Probably somebody rich，” she thought.“Why else would he be so careless with $100 bills？”
She imagined a tall man in a fine wool jacket walking to his big car and pulling out a roll of money，not noticing one bill drifting(飘)to the ground.Putting the roll back in his pocket，he climbed into his car and drove away.Just then，a wind blew some leaves to cover most of the lost bill.
But，then she thought，what if the bill had been a present for his little niece with her grandma because her parents were killed in a car crash? She'd have treasured that $100 bill because it came from her generous uncle.And she'd be dreaming，even now if she hadn't realised she'd lost it，of all the toys and treats that the bill could buy.She could use it to buy a present for her grandmother.She would be heartbroken to find she'd lost that $100 bill.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
Walking slowly towards her house，she debated whether to tell her mom about her new-found treasure.
Paragraph 2：
The next day was Sunday and Megan and her mom arrived at the local supermarket early. 【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
Walking slowly towards her house，she debated whether to tell her mom about her new-found treasure.If she told her mom what had happened to her，then what would happen to the $100 bill? Maybe she couldn't achieve her dream — she wanted to use the money to buy some homeless children some toys; without the money，she could do nothing.But if she continued to keep the $100 bill，she would feel so guilty that she couldn't sleep well.At that moment，she regretted picking up the bill.Finally，she decided to ask her mother to buy some toys for some poor children.Without hesitation，her mother agreed.
Paragraph 2：
The next day was Sunday and Megan and her mom arrived at the local supermarket early.The money was still in her jacket and it still belonged to her.Suddenly，she found some toy planes which were right presents just for those children! She stopped her mother，and offered to buy them.“I can pay for the toys myself，” she told her mother what had happened.After Megan paid for the presents，her mother gave her a $100 bill and the thumbs up.Getting a praise from her mother，she felt very happy.
Unit 5 Into the unknown
课时分层作业1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Many relics from the ancient Egyptian civilisation (文明)have been discovered. 2．The boy buried (掩埋)his body in a pile of fallen leaves.
3．I have always loved looking at the stars，so now I study astronomy(天文学)． 4．They studied ancient ruins(废墟) to learn more about the old civilisation. 5．The captain gave the order to abandon(丢弃) the ship.
6．The boss tends to dismiss(拒绝考虑)the staff's suggestions.
7．Our company has undergone steady expansion(扩大) for the last ten years. 8．They have made preparations to set out a journey into the unknown(不为人知的地方)．
9．A blue lemon is particularly notable(显眼) in the group.
10．We are conducting an investigation(调查)into the spending habits of teenagers. Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Even after centuries of exploration，the ocean still holds both its mysteries and our fascination.Although we know more today about the world's oceans and their denizens than ever before，every once in a while the sea spits up something so strange，so unexpected，that the world releases a collective gasp as they wonder what it could be.
Such was the case August 16 when the currents of the Mediterranean Ocean left a 13-foot-long，smelly dead body on the shores of the village of Villaricos in Andalusia，a community of Spain.An initial report in the Spanish publication Lavante described the strange，horned body as “what might seem like a big fish，but in an advanced state of decomposition(腐烂)”．Locals joked that it was a “mutant(突变的)fish” or some kind of the Loch Ness monster.
The media jumped right on it，of course.Some sites called it a “horned sea monster”．The popular blog Boing Boing called it a “dragon”．Some people guessed that it might be an oarfish，which is actually a rarely seen kind of the giant herring(鲱鱼)that can grow up to 55 feet long.
But now the experts have joined in it and we're sorry to report that it's not a dragon，a Loch Ness monster，or even an oarfish.“That is definitely a shark skeleton，”Florida State University ichthyologist(鱼类学者)Dean Grubbs told NBC News.“The elements toward the back were confusing me，but those are the lower caudal fin(尾鳍)supports.The ‘horns’are the scapulocoracoids(肩胛喙软骨)which support the pectoral fins(胸鳍)．”Scapulocoracoids are bones common to most vertebrates(脊椎动物)．You've got them：they're called shoulder blades.
So there we go，another mystery solved．Alas，the ancient maps that once identified areas of the ocean with the words “here there be dragons”have yet to be proven true.But
it's good to know that the ocean still has a few surprises for us，even in cases where they're just dead，smelly dead bodies.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇奇闻。文章讲述了从地中海中漂浮出来的一具奇怪的尸体。它十三英尺长，散发着恶臭，头上有角，人们对尸体的身份有着诸多猜测。最后科学家通过检验认为这是一具鲨鱼的骨架。
1．Why does the sea often make the world surprised? A．The sea often brings something strange to the shores. B．People often wonder what could live in the sea. C．The exploration of the sea has lasted for centuries. D．The sea still holds its many mysteries.
A [细节理解题。根据第一段可知，大海不时地将一些非常奇怪、非常出乎意料的东西带到海岸边，这使得世界都很吃惊，故A项正确。]
2．The report about the dead strange creature on the shores in Andalusia was first given by ．
A．locals C．Boing Boing
B．Lavante D．Dean Grubbs
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“An initial report in the Spanish publication Lavante described...”可知，是刊物Lavante第一个报道这个奇怪的生物的，故B项正确。]
3．It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that ． A．the creature had two real horns
B．the elements toward the back looked like two horns C．the scapulocoracoids looked like two horns D．the horns were common to most sea monsters
C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The ‘horns’are the scapulocoracoids (肩胛喙软骨) which support the pectoral fins(胸鳍)．”可知，人们把鲨鱼的支持胸鳍的肩胛喙软骨错认为两只角，由此可推断出肩胛喙软骨看上去像两只角。]
4．What does the underlined word “solved” most probably mean? A．Existed. C．Found an answer.
B．Arose. D．Developed.
C [词义猜测题。根据上文可知，关于那个死的海洋生物的谜有了答案，故画线词表示找到了答案，所以C项正确。]
B
It's been a hard time for rhinos(犀牛)lately.Recently the International Union for Conservation announced the western black rhinos had died out in the wild.It was last seen in western Africa in 2006.Now，those who work to protect the animals are trying to make sure that won't happen to other rhinos.
19 south-central black rhinos in South Africa were driven to an area nearly 1，000 miles away，which was said to be the gentlest and quickest way to transport the animals.They were taken to a new home that would keep them safe from hunters.
Though it is not allowed to hunt rhinos，many are still killed for their horns，which can sell for as much as $30，000 each.Most of them are used to make drugs as traditional medicines in Asian countries.Some people believe that the horns work well in treating pain，fever and even cancer.However，there is no medical evidence yet.
Black rhino population began falling rapidly in the second half of the 1900s because of poaching．In fact，some people still hunt the animals at the risk of being put into prison.And many of the places where the animals used to live in were destroyed when people started building farms on the grasslands.Until the 1960s，about 65，000 black rhinos lived throughout most of Africa.Today，fewer than 5，000 are left—most of them in zoos and wildlife reserves.
South Africa has the largest population of rhinos in the world.Poaching is an especially big problem in that country.So far，more than 340 rhinos have been killed there.Since 2003，the Black Rhino Expansion Project has been helping the south-central black rhinos in South Africa.The group works with landowners to find areas where rhinos can live safely away from hunters.
So far，the group has successfully saved about 120 rhinos.Leaders of the project say the south-central black rhinos have seen a rise in numbers.It is hoped that，with continued support，these rhinos can escape the unfortunate result of the western black rhinos.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了黑犀牛濒临灭绝，旨在拯救黑犀牛。
5．According to the text，the western black rhinos . A．cannot be seen in the wild at present B．once lived in most parts of Africa C．were killed in a natural disaster D．disappeared in the early 1990s
A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the western black rhinos had died out in the wild”可知，现在在野外已经无法看到西部黑犀牛了。]
6．Rhinos are hunted mainly because ． A．they often come to attack people B．they take up too much farmland C．their horns can be made into drugs D．their blood helps people prevent disease
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Most of them are used to make drugs as traditional medicines in Asian countries.”可知C项正确。]
7．The underlined word “poaching” in Paragraph 4 refers to the fact that black rhinos ．
A．lost the places where they lived B．were hunted without permission C．were killed without control D．died of a strange disease
B [词义猜测题。根据该词后面的“In fact，some people still hunt the animals at the risk of being put into prison.”可以推知，poaching在此是指人们未经允许猎取黑犀牛这一事实。]
8．What would be the best title of the text? A．The rhinos in South Africa B．The habits of black rhinos C．The death of rhinos D．Saving black rhinos
D [标题归纳题。“Saving black rhinos”作为标题可以更好地突出文章的主题，表达作者的写作意图。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Amanda is a good student whose favourite subject is math，but she's facing another kind of problem：cancer.She was diagnosed(诊断)when she was 11. 1 “The doctor was great regretful about telling me what the disease was and what to expect，” she says.“The only thing that really got to me was when she said I'd lose my hair.”
Sure enough，after the treatment to kill the cancer cells，Amanda's long hair began to fall out.Because she has very little hair，Amanda notices that strangers often stare at her. 2 “I still play with my friends，” she says，“but we have to be more careful now because of the risk of infection(感染)．And we mostly play in my house.”
While she's being treated，Amanda can't go to some of her favourite places or do some of her favourite things. 3 She can't swim.She's also not allowed to lie in the sun.
For Amanda，the hardest part about having cancer is not being able to be as social as she would like to be. 4 Instead，she's taught privately(个人地)at home.
Right now，she's making the most of her time at home.She's optimistic(乐观的)about the future and looks forward to feeling better.Meanwhile，Amanda says it's important to let others know that she's the same person she's always been.“After all，”she says，“you just lose something. 5 ”
A．It doesn't mean you lose everything. B．But her friends are used to her new look. C．Amanda was brave when she heard the news. D．She can't go to the mall or go to dancing lessons.
E．Then she saw how upset her parents were and she was afraid. F．Before she started feeling sick，she was just like all her friends.
G．Because she might get sick from the other children，Amanda can't attend school. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了勇敢的女孩阿曼达，她身患癌症却依然坚强面对。
1．C [根据后面她说的话可知当医生告诉她病情的时候，她并没有感到非常害怕，只是提到要失去头发这件事情时，她才感到伤心，可推知她非常勇敢。故选C项。]
2．B [前面提到陌生人因为她头发少而注视她，而后面提到朋友仍然和她一起玩，可知朋友们已经习惯了她的状况。故选B项。]
3．D [前面一句说她不能去一些最喜欢的地方，也不能做一些最喜欢做的事情。空格后的一句话是在说她不能做的事情，故此处填她不能去的地方，故选D项。]
4．G [前面一句说到她不能进行正常的社交活动，接下来就要解释为什么不能进行社交活动，故选G，解释原因。]
5．A [根据前一句“你失去了一些东西”，可知接下来要说，“但是你没有失去一切”。]
课时分层作业2
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1． will show information on whether you live in the same city or want to go to the same school.
2．Obviously，it was just an excuse he made to cover the fact that he hadn't done his homework.
3．What matters to museums is not how many visitors they have，but how close they are to people's daily lives.
4．I forgot how complicated these decisions can be! 5．I have no idea who will be in charge of the company when the manager is away. 6．If we want to truly understand why animals are eating plastic in the ocean，we have to think about how animals find food.
7．The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal. 8．It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang onto hope. 9．I think what impresses me about this painting is the colour he uses. 10．Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.
Ⅱ.完形填空
He has been called the “missing link”．Half-man，half-beast.He is supposed to live in the highest mountain in the world—Mount Qomolangma.
He is known as the Abominable Snowman.The 1 of the Snowman has been around for 2 ．Climbers in the 1920s reported finding marks like those of human feet high up on the side of Mount Qomolangma.The native people said they 3 this creature and called it the “Yeti”，and they said that they had even caught Yetis on two occasions 4 none has ever been produced as evidence.
Over the years，the story of the Yetis has 5 ．In 1951，Eric Shipton took photographs of a set of tracks in the snow of Qomolangma.Shipton believed that they were not 6 the tracks of a monkey or bear and felt that the Abominable Snowman might really 7 ．
Further efforts have been made to find out about Yetis.But the only things people have ever found were more footprints.Most believe the footprints are nothing more than 8 animal tracks，which had been made 9 as they melted(融化)and refroze in the snow. 10 ，in 19，a Russian scientist said that the Abominable Snowman was real and was a remaining link with the prehistoric humans.But， 11 ，no evidence has ever 12 been produced.
These days，only a few people continue to take the story of the Abominable Snowman 13 ．But if they ever succeed in catching one，they may face a real 14 ：Would they put it in a 15 or give it a room in a hotel?
【语篇解读】 喜马拉雅山一直传闻有雪人存在，但至今还没有确凿证据证明其真实性。
1．A.event C．adventure
B．story D．description
B [后文叙述的是关于“Yeti”的传说故事，故选story。] 2．A.centuries C．some time
B．too long D．many years
D [从20世纪20年代开始被发现，至今应有许多年了。] 3．A.heard from C．knew of
B．cared for D．read about
C [当地人称这种生物为“Yeti”，肯定是知道它以及关于它的事。hear from“收到……的来信，得到……信息”；care for“照顾”；know of“知道，了解”；read about“读到”。]
4．A.as C．when
B．though D．until
B [“曾经抓到”与“没有证据”之间为转折关系，故选though。] 5．A.developed C．occurred
B．changed D．continued
D [第二段讲述了关于“Yeti”的一些事，后文中将有新的介绍。故可知“故事在继续”。]
6．A.entirely C．clearly
B．naturally D．simply
D [席普顿相信这些“脚印”不会简单地是猴子或熊的脚印，故选simply。] 7．A.exist C．disappear
B．escape D．return
A [席普顿感觉这种动物可能真的存在。] 8．A.huge C．ordinary
B．recent D．frightening
C [许多人相信这些脚印只不过是那些普通动物(比如猴子或熊)留下的。] 9．A.strange C．deep
B．large D．rough
B [“普通的脚印”看起来不“普通”，是因为其在雪里融化而变“大”了。] 10．A.In the end C．After all
B．Therefore D．However
D [前文介绍了一些人认为脚印是“普通动物的”，而后文是一位科学家相反的观点，故两部分之间应用however表示转折。]
11．A.so C．again
B．besides D．instead
C [前面提到过，当地人的发现和传说没有证据可依，这一次“又”是如此。] 12．A.rightly
B．actually
C．normally D．particularly
B [没有证据被实际记载。rightly“正确地”；actually“实际上”；normally“正常地”；particularly“尤其地”。]
13．A.lightly C．seriously
B．jokingly D．properly
C [take...seriously意为“把……当回事(严肃认真地对待)”。] 14．A.decision C．subject
B．situation D．problem
D [face a problem“面临问题”，为固定搭配。而该空后就给出了一个问题。] 15．A.zoo C．museum
B．mountain D．laboratory
A [前文提到这种生物“半人半兽”，那么如果人们真抓住一个，他们将面临的问题是：把它放到动物园(当它是动物)还是在旅馆里给它一个房间(当它是人)呢？]
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Silk Road was a passage for the transportation of silk in ancient times.Lots of relics on the road can still 1. (see)now.From the relics，tourists can see the outline of the ancient metropolitan(大都会的)areas along 2. fantastic road.In the tour packages，tourists can imagine 3. (they)to be ancient merchants by riding camels in deserts.
The Silk Road is a long route，4. Xi'an in the east to Gansu and Xinjiang in the west.If it is your first trip to China，we 5. (sincere)suggest you should spend at least ten days visiting Beijing，Xi'an，Dunhuang，Urumqi and Kashi.You could get to know about the history of China and experience 6. (color)scenery along the Silk Road.
If you are an 7. (experience)traveler wanting to explore China fully，it is recommended 8. you should travel to Dunhuang，Zhangye，Jiayuguan，Turpan，Kashi and Urumqi to follow the footprint of Marco Polo.This route may take about 15 days.If you have only a one-week holiday，the 9. (choose)of three most famous cities will be fit for you.
Along the Silk Road route，Xi'an and Gansu are suitable to visit all year round.The best time 10. (visit)Xinjiang is from May to October because the weather is mild.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了中国的“丝绸之路”，并为如何游览“丝绸之路”提出了一些建议。
1．be seen [考查动词语态。句子的主语是Lots of relics，与谓语动词see之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；空格前面有情态动词can，所以填be seen。]
2．the [考查冠词。上文已经提到了丝绸之路，此处再次提到，表示特指，要用定冠词，所以填the。]
3．themselves [考查反身代词。本句表达的意思是“通过在沙漠中骑骆驼，游客们可以把他们自己想象成古代的商人”，they指代主语tourists，所以要用反身代词。]
4．from [考查介词。此处表达的是“从东部的西安到西部的甘肃和”，表达“从……到……”要用介词短语from...to...。]
5．sincerely [考查副词。修饰动词suggest要用副词，所以填sincerely。] 6．colorful [考查形容词。修饰名词scenery，要用形容词作定语，所以填colorful。]
7．experienced [考查形容词。根据空后的名词traveler可知，空处应用形容词作定语，表示“有经验的”，故填experienced。]
8．that [考查主语从句。本句为“It is recommended＋that从句”结构，it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语，故填that。]
9．choice [考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词，所以空处要用choice。]
10．to visit [考查非谓语动词。the best time to do sth.的意思是“做某事的最好的时间”，其中的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的the best time，所以填to visit。]
课时分层作业3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
At 2：30 on December 5，1945，five US Navy training planes took off in clear weather from the base Lauderdale，Florida.The planes flew east over the coast...and disappeared.The group was Flight 19，on a run between Florida and Bahamas.Tailor was the group leader.At about 3：40，Tailor reported that his compasses were not reading properly.The other planes followed their leaders aimlessly，first east，then west，then northeast over the ocean，as Tailor tried to make sure of the direction by radio.Then，suddenly Tailor was heard to give orders to dive...
Quickly，two giant Martin seaplanes were sent up to search for Flight 19.Several hours later，the wind became strong and visibility(能见度)dropped.A return to base was ordered.But only one of the Martin seaplanes landed.Four days later，the Navy and Coast Guard combed a 100，000 square miles area with more than 100 planes and ships.No sign was ever shown of the missing planes.
Today，people have noted the disappearance of many ships and planes in the southwest part of the North Atlantic and began to call this area the Bermuda Triangle(百慕大三角区)．
The points of the triangle are Bermuda，Puerto Rico and a spot in the Gulf of Mexico，west of Florida.It is a two-faced water world of tiny islands，bright beaches and beautiful waters.Yet thick fogs，powerful currents(激流)and sudden storms are hidden behind this smiling surface.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述百慕大三角区的飞机消失的神秘事件。
1．Why did Flight 19 disappear?
A．Because the wind became strong and visibility dropped.
B．Because Tailor was given wrong orders to dive. C．Because Tailor couldn't read his compasses correctly.
D．Because something unknown made the compasses unable to work as usual. D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At about 3：40，Tailor reported that his compasses were not reading properly.”可知选D项。]
2．In what position did Flight 19 disappear? A．In the southwest part of the North Atlantic Ocean. B．In the northeast part of the North Atlantic Ocean. C．To the southwest part of Bermuda in the Atlantic Ocean. D．To the northeast part of Bermuda in the Atlantic Ocean.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段可知，如今，人们已经记录了很多船只和飞机在北大西洋西南部的百慕大失踪。]
3．How many planes disappeared altogether that day? A．Five. C．Two.
B．Six. D．Only one.
B [细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，共有七架飞机先后飞往该地区，只有一架安全返回。即“five US Navy training planes took off”“two giant Martin seaplanes were sent up...”和“one of the Martin seaplanes landed.”]
4．The underlined word“combed”in the passage means“ ”． A．covered with B．flew over
C．did up one's hair with a comb D．searched all over
D [词义猜测题。从该词所在的句意可推测，combed意为“四处寻找”，故选D项。]
B
Unlike modern animal scientists，dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents.Instead，they have to search hard for information from dinosaur fossils(恐龙化石)because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
It's very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils.Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place.They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck(陷入)all at once，or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries.Thus we can say that dinosaurs might
have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.
Though there are two different results，dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups.“That's pretty much settled at this point，”says Paul Sereno.A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south，suggesting that they even moved long distances together.
As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young，dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models.Birds give a lot of care to their young，while crocodiles just help their young to the water.The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies，but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.
There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered.Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了恐龙的一些知识。研究恐龙的专家无法实地考察恐龙，因为恐龙已经灭绝了。他们只能从挖掘的化石中寻找信息。有关恐龙的知识目前没有一致的结论，但可以肯定的是，一些恐龙过着群居生活，一些恐龙会照顾幼龙。
5．Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by ． A．studying dinosaur fossils B．examining modern animals C．watching dinosaurs D．using telescopes
A [细节理解题。从文中第一段最后一句“Instead，they have to search hard for information from dinosaur fossils(恐龙化石)because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.”可以看出，是通过研究恐龙化石找到信息，故答案为A项。]
6．What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno? A．Half of the dinosaurs lived alone. B．Most dinosaurs moved long distances. C．Many dinosaurs settled in the north. D．Some dinosaurs lived in big groups.
D [细节理解题。从文中第三段可以看出：虽然有两种不同的结论，研究恐龙的科学家们现在一般都同意至少有某些种类的恐龙生活在一个大的团体当中，这一点是确信无疑的。]
7．Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by ．
A．watching many kinds of animals B．studying dinosaurs' living relatives C．following the tracks left behind D．working on dug-out dinosaur eggs
B [细节理解题。从文中第四段的开头“As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young，dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs—birds and crocodiles—for possible models.”可知，科学家们转向恐龙活着的近亲——鸟类和鳄鱼来寻求恐龙是否关心下一代这个问题的答案，故选B项。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
From hanging out with friends in the nearby coffee shop to daydreaming of “making it big” as a rock star，the last few years has been a roller-coaster ride.I am tormented(折磨)with questions such as who I am and what I am doing here.
During the last year at school，I took up the challenging task of directing the English play for the Annual Inter House Dramatics Competition.The task was said to be very long and tiring but equally rewarding.After several discussions with my vice-captain and my English teacher，the play was selected and the cast was confirmed.I had thought of “perfect ideas” such as the “perfect delivery of certain dialogues” and the “perfect effects”．
I discussed my ideas with my crew and vice-captain.Everybody seemed pleased with thoughts and also suggested a few.I took these into careful consideration and made sure that my crew's suggestions were included.
But little did I know that my “perfect plan” was not perfect according to my English teacher who was in charge of my house.Even though it was supposed to be a completely student-based activity，my English teacher poked her nose into the
production.
All of us wanted to win and this was made very clear by my English teacher.She changed our entire plan into something we could not understand.There was a lot of confusion among the actors and the crew.I was torn between listening to the complaints of the fellow students and obeying my teacher.But soon I realized that the way we were practicing would lead us nowhere.
So，the next morning，I gathered all my courage，practiced what I was going to say to her and finally made the journey of my life to the staff room.I discussed with my teacher about the confusion being caused，the unsatisfied actors and how her interference(干预)was causing frustration.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
As I waited for my teacher to reply，I prepared myself for the blow.
Paragraph 2：
Though we came second in the English play competition，I realized I had got more out of the whole experience than I had hoped for. 【参考范文】
Paragraph 1：
As I waited for my teacher to reply，I prepared myself for the blow.But she just smiled and said that I had done a good thing bringing this to her attention.In the evening she called a meeting and told the crew to continue with previous plans and said that it was a student-based production.As she left she told us that our “perfect plan” should make us win first place.
Paragraph 2：
Though we came second in the English play competition，I realized I had got more out of the whole experience than I had hoped for.I realized I had the courage to face problems and I could work under pressure as a team worker.Now I still pay a visit to my English teacher and each time I see her，her face reminds me of that terrifying walk to the staff room.
单元综合测验
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Putting a dinosaur skeleton(骨架)together is not easy.The skeletons are usually very incomplete.Many dinosaur fossils(化石) are discovered badly damaged.Bones are often found crushed(压碎)or bent by the great weight of the dirt and rock above.Sometimes parts from different creatures are mixed together.This just adds to the confusion.
Unfortunately，some scientists have not been careful enough in their descriptions of dinosaurs.They have told grand stories of how dinosaurs looked and behaved.All of these descriptions are based on guesswork－the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.Some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on just a single bone or tooth or leg.Such pictures are based on many guesses and very little facts.The scientists' ideas often turn out to be wrong when more facts are discovered.
Dinosaur fossils are not found with labels attached showing what the animals looked like.That is why no pictures of dinosaurs are exactly right.Every dinosaur painting is sure to contain at least some wrong information.No artist in the twentieth century ever saw the living，breathing animals—complete with skin，flesh，and color.
For instance，imagine never having seen or heard of a peacock.One day you find the jumbled bones of it buffed in the ground.You try to put the bones together to form a skeleton.And then you try to draw a picture of what the animal looked like when it was alive.But bones cannot tell the whole story.Even if you are a very good artist，it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。由于恐龙化石被发现时是毁坏的，所以拼接恐龙骨架很难，而且科学家在描述恐龙时也是在仅有的几片化石上做猜想，经常被证明是错误的。
1．Which of the following is NOT a reason why putting a dinosaur skeleton together is difficult?
A．No one has seen a living dinosaur.
B．Dinosaur bones are too complicated when found. C．Dinosaur bones are crushed or bent when found.
D．Dinosaur bones are mixed with other animals' bones when found.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，所发现的恐龙骨骼遭到了严重的破坏，或压碎或变形，有些还和其他动物的骨骼混合到一块，而且根据下文可知现代人谁也没见过活着的恐龙，所以A、C、D三项都是原因。故选B。]
2．According to Paragraph 2，we can infer that ． A．some scientists are very careful in their descriptions of dinosaurs B．the descriptions of dinosaurs contain some wrong information
C．some scientists have made complete pictures of dinosaurs based on facts D．the ideas of scientists are often proved wrong when more facts are discovered B [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“All of these descriptions are based on guesswork — the imaginations of people who have never seen a living dinosaur.”可推知关于恐龙的描述是建立在人们的想象之上，因此这些描述含有错误信息。故选B。]
3．Taking a peacock as an example，the author shows that ． A．it is easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton B．it is not easy to put the peacock bones together to form a skeleton
C．a very good artist can draw a good picture even if he has never seen a peacock D．it is impossible to draw a correct picture based on the bones and one's imagination
D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话“Even if you are a very good artist，it would be a miracle if you drew a true picture of a peacock just from the bones and your imagination.”可知答案为D。]
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Why it is difficult for scientists to find dinosaur fossils. B．Why scientists can't give exact description of dinosaurs. C．How we can get right information about dinosaurs. D．How we can put a dinosaur skeleton together.
B [主旨大意题。全文谈论了在没有任何人见过恐龙的情况下，要想准确地描述出来恐龙是什么样子的，这是非常困难的，所以B项内容是文章谈论的中心。]
B
The sun is setting on a summer night.At the entrance to a deep，dark cave，a few bats fly out.Then more and more of the small，furry creatures appear.Within a few minutes，a whole river of bats is pouring out of the cave，and they keep coming，millions and millions of them.
Sound like a scary horror movie? Believe it or not，this scene takes place every night，all summer long，at Bracken Cave in Texas，where 20 million bats fly outside to feed on insects.
Every March or April，Mexican free-tailed bats migrate up to 1，609 kilometers from their winter home places，like mines，tunnels，hollow trees，and under bridges in Mexico to this cave.Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby bat.As many as 500 baby bats live crammed(挤)into one square foot of space，and those bodies create nice warm temperatures to keep them warm and comfortable.With bad sight，how can mother bats recognise their own babies? Their good sense of smell helps them the
most.
When the adult bats leave the cave at night to feed，they eat tons of insects in a single night，including many pests that eat farmers' crops.And they get rid of mosquitoes，too.
The cave，quiet in winter，is full of life all summer.The floor of the cave is covered with bugs.Gnats are flying around，and beetles are crawling up your leg when you walk in!
When twenty million bats fly out of one cave opening，they make a column(柱)so thick that they show up on the radar at the nearby airport.So much for bats being scary!
【语篇解读】 每年夏天，成千上万只蝙蝠飞到德克萨斯州的一个洞穴繁衍生殖，生殖期结束大群蝙蝠飞出洞穴，出现在附近机场的雷达上空，场面壮观、可怕。
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To explain the living habits of bats. B．To describe what bats look like.
C．To talk about a frightening scene of a film. D．To introduce the topic of the passage.
D [推理判断题。第一段中描述了大群的蝙蝠从洞中飞出的壮观景象，是为了引出下文要谈到的主题。]
6．Why do Mexican free-tailed bats fly to Bracken Cave in Texas? A．To escape from the cold of Mexico. B．To give birth and raise their young. C．To gather plenty of food for winter.
D．To help farmers in Texas kill harmful insects.
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soon after they arrive，each mother gives birth to one baby bat.”可知，蝙蝠夏天飞到德克萨斯州的一个岩洞是为了产下后代并抚育它们。]
7．Which of the following senses helps mother bats recognise their babies? A．Touch. C．Smell.
B．Sight. D．Taste.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段的末句“Their good sense of smell helps them the most.”可知，视力很差的蝙蝠是靠敏锐的嗅觉识别自己的孩子的。]
8．According to the passage，we can learn that ． A．the bats living in the cave benefit the local farmers
B．Mexican free-tailed bats prevent other animals living in the cave C．the large group of Mexican bats sometimes destroy the local radar D．caves are the places where Mexican bats live all the year round
A [推理判断题。根据第四段“...they eat tons of insects in a single night，including many pests that eat farmers' crops.And they get rid of mosquitoes，too.”可知，晚上觅食的蝙蝠可以吃掉几吨的昆虫，包括许多害虫。另外，它们还吃蚊子。由此可推知，有益于当地的农民，故A正确。]
C
As we all know，New Zealand is one of the world's main island groups，extending 1，700 km across the South Pacific Ocean，midway between the Equator and the South Pole.
The North Island and the South Island make up most of New Zealand's 268，000 sq km，an area similar to that of the United Kingdom.New Zealand is a temperate，oceanic land，the antipodes (恰恰相反的事物)of Spain，Portugal and western France.It has a coastline 10，000 km long and no inland locality is more than 110 km from the sea.
New Zealand is full of every kind of physiognomy(地形，地貌)，but is especially for the fact that about three-quarters of the country lies more than 200 meters above sea level.Much of the North Island's shape has been created by volcanic activity.The country lies across the “mobile” belt of the earth's crust which circles the Pacific Ocean.This represents the shape of the land by features all common to the New Zealand landscape — volcanoes，hot springs，mountain chains and active fault lines.
The centre of the North Island is crowned by mildly active volcanoes reaching a height of 2，797 m on Mount Ruapehu.New Zealand's famous thermal(温泉的)region runs northeast from here，through the country's largest lake，Taupo，and Rotorua to White Island in the Bay of Plenty.It is the centre point of the 500 km long Southern Alps，a wild region of spectacular alpine peaks，lakes and remote “sounds”．Beyond the mountain areas lie extensive rolling down lands in regions such as South Canterbury in
the south and Hawkes Bay in the north.
【语篇解读】 本文介绍了新西兰地理方面的信息。
9．The geographical location of the New Zealand is across ． A．the Indian Ocean B．the North Pacific Ocean C．the South Pacific Ocean D．the Equator
C [由题干可知本题问的是新西兰的地理位置。文章第一段提到：“New Zealand is one of the world's main island groups，extending 1，700 km across the South Pacific Ocean，midway between the Equator and the South Pole”。故选C。]
10．The climate in New Zealand can be described as ． A．mild and oceanic C．dry and inland
B．dry and cold D．dry and oceanic
A [本题是关于新西兰的气候。从第二段中的“New Zealand is a temperate，oceanic land”可知新西兰属于海洋性气候，气候温和，与A相符。因此可以排除B和C；D项虽然有oceanic(海洋性的)，但又提到dry(干旱的)，与文章不符。]
11．The physiognomy of New Zealand may include ． A．lakes，hot springs，long rivers and plains B．volcanoes，hot springs and mountain chains C．heights，mountain chains，lakes and plains D．rivers，lakes and plains
B [由题干中的physiognomy可定位到第三段。第三段提到“The country lies across the ‘mobile’ belt of the earth's crust which circles the Pacific Ocean.This represents the shape of the land by features all common to the New Zealand landscape－volcanoes，hot springs，mountain chains and active fault lines.”，与B相符。]
12．From the passage we know that ． A．New Zealand has a very short coastline
B．earthquakes have greatly influenced the North Island's shape C．volcanic activities have greatly influenced the North Island's shape
D．the country lies across the “mobile” belt of the earth's crust which circles the
Atlantic Ocean
C [由第三段第二句：“Much of the North Island's shape has been created by volcanic activity.”可知，答案为C，同时排除B。文章开始就提到新西兰是个岛国，因此其海岸线应该不短，所以A不可选；D认为新西兰位于环大西洋的地层活动带上，而原文提到的是环太平洋，故D也不正确。]
D
Come and discover the little big city in Switzerland.It's worth it to see the nicest sights.In fact，no matter what your idea of fun is，you'll find it in Zurich.
If it is your first stay in this city，you should start in the heart of Zurich，the historical romantic old part of a town.Here，you'll have a wonderful time drinking and eating in a charming bistro where you can sit outside and enjoy the sun. If you like，you can climb aboard a lake cruiser for a 3-hour tour around the lake or just walk up to the border of the lake and feed the proud swans and cute ducks，which is the cheapest way to enjoy the lake.You will be absolutely amazed at the nice view over the lake of the high Alps covered with snow.
Be sure to visit the beautiful mountain called House Mountain，which can give you the most unforgettable overview of Zurich.You can take a ride on the railway built in 1923 to the top where you can breathe the fresh mountain air.From the lookout tower，you'll have a picturesque view of the lake，the city and the amazing Alps.Last，don't miss walking down the most famous shopping street，the Bahnhofstrasse，a distance of 1.4 kilometers.On both sides，you'll find everything you need and of course，you'll find the well-known Swiss banks.
Come to see us.You'll have an unforgettable stay in this little big city.You won't regret it.
【语篇解读】 本文推荐了瑞士的一座适合旅行的城市——苏黎世以及其必去的景点。
13．According to the passage，you may not have the chance of if you go to Switzerland.
A．going shopping on a famous shopping street B．visiting the beautiful lake and mountain C．visiting the romantic old part of a town
D．making some traditional Swiss food in person
D [细节理解题。根据文章的第二段可知在苏黎世你可以去the historical romantic old part of a town；根据第三、四段可知你可以去观赏湖景和去山上俯瞰；根据第四段倒数第二句可知你可以在最有名的购物街上购物；而选项D在文章中未提及。]
14．What does the underlined word “bistro” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to? A．A bookstore. C．A small restaurant.
B．A barbershop. D．A shopping center.
C [词义猜测题。根据句中的“you'll have a wonderful time drinking and eating”可以判断bistro应该指的是小饭店。]
15．The purpose of this passage is to ． A．introduce some interesting places in Zurich B．encourage people to go to Zurich to have a visit C．let people know more about the history of Zurich D．tell people how to get fun when visiting Zurich
B [作者意图题。根据文章的第一段和末段可以看出文章的目的是通过介绍苏黎世的景色，鼓励人们到那里去旅行。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
How to Achieve a School Goal
Every person wants to achieve the goals set at the beginning of a new school year. · 16 When it comes to choosing your goal，make sure that it states exactly what it is that you want to achieve.If your goal seems too big，divide it into simpler，easier tasks.
·Write down your goal.You can write it in a journal or write it on a sticky note.Writing keeps your memory fresh and helps you clear up the useless things in your brain.Try to keep a journal or a diary.
·Break your goal down.By breaking your goal up into manageable sections，it allows you to mentally make your way through the goal until the end of a year. 17 Therefore you're far less likely to give up or dodge your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything.
· 18 Turn off all distractions(使人分心的事物)like TV，the Internet，your
phone and every other devices you have at home.Keep e-mails，phone calls，texts，etc.to a minimum.
·Make it happen. 19 Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesn't do the heavy work and thinking certainly won't move mountains.Go out every morning knowing what you need to do and then do it!
·Stay positive.Keep saying that you can do it.Stay motivated and be confident. ·Reward yourself. 20 Every once in a while，if you complete a goal，treat yourself to an extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book you've been wanting to read two months ago.
A．Don't be too hard on yourself. B．Put a brake(阻力)on distractions. C．This method makes it easier to handle. D．Carry out your goal as soon as possible.
E．It is necessary to choose a proper way to finish the goals. F．Don't think to yourself that over time you will manage to do it.
G．Choose specific，realistic goals or even one single but very important goal. 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章简要向读者介绍了完成学习目标的几种策略。
16．G [此处填主旨句。根据下文“When it comes to choosing your goal，make sure that it states exactly what it is that you want to achieve.”及空后的关键词choosing可知，空处表示要选择什么样的目标，故选G项(选择具体的、现实的目标，甚至一个单一的但是非常重要的目标)。]
17．C [本段主要介绍分解目标，根据空后的“Therefore you're far less likely to give up or dodge your goal by taking shortcuts or refusing to do anything.”及关键词therefore可知，空处应表示原因：分解目标这种方法使得它更容易处理，符合本段内容。所以应选C项。]
18．B [从文章结构上可以看出，此空是主旨句，且与前几个要点并列，所以可推知此句为祈使句，同时根据本段中的“Turn off all distractions(使人分心的事物)”可知，此处选B项(停止分心)。]
19．F [分析本段的主旨句“Make it happen.”以及空后的“Thinking is a useful start but thinking doesn't do the heavy work and thinking certainly won't move
mountains.”可知，做事不能只是思考要让它发生， F项中的“Don't think to yourself(不要只是想想)”与空后内容相符。故选F。]
20．A [由本段主旨句“Reward yourself.(奖励自己。)”及“if you complete a goal，treat yourself to an extra bar of chocolate or make time to read that book”可知，A项“Don't be too hard on yourself.(不要对自己太苛刻。)”承接下文，且从反面论证此段主旨，符合语境，故选A项。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I will never forget，three years ago，that I had a job that almost destroyed me.My 21 was that I loved my job too much and couldn't get enough of it.Working for the President was better than any other 22 that I'd ever had.In the morning，I couldn't 23 to get to the office.At night，I didn't want to leave.Part of my mind 24 at work even when I was at 25 with my kids at night.
Not 26 ，all the other parts of my life shriveled(枯萎)into a dried raisin(葡萄干)．I lost touch with my 27 ，as I saw little of my wife or my two sons.I lost contact with my old friends.I even began to lose contact with myself.Then one evening，I 28 home to tell the boys I wouldn't make it back in time to say good night.I'd already missed five 29 that week.Sam，the younger of the two，said that was OK，but asked me to wake him up 30 I got home.I explained that I'd be back so late that he would have gone to sleep 31 ；it was probably better if I saw him the next morning.But he insisted.I asked him why.He said he just wanted to know I was there at home.To this day，I can't 32 exactly what happened to me at that moment.Yet I suddenly knew I had to 33 my job.
After I said in public that I had quit my job，I received a number of 34 ．Most people were understanding，but a few were angry.They wrote to tell me angrily that I shouldn't think myself virtuous. 35 work was virtuous；leaving an important job to spend more time with my family was not.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了作者3年前沉迷工作而疏离家庭的经历。从一次与儿子通话后作者明白他不得不辞掉工作，回归家庭。
21．A.advantage C．problem
B．disease D．fight
C [作者曾经做过的一份工作几乎毁了他，根据后文的语境可知主要问题是
他太爱那份工作了。]
22．A.gift C．job
B．fact D．trouble
C [根据语境可知作者是在把以前的工作与那份工作相比较。] 23．A.hope C．stop
B．stand D．wait
D [根据语境可知作者每天早上都迫不及待地想去工作。] 24．A.remained C．blocked
B．held D．left
A [根据语境可知即使在家的时候，作者仍然想着工作上的事情。] 25．A.lunch C．school
B．home D．breakfast
B [根据后文的“with my kids at night”可知是晚上在家和孩子们在一起的时候。]
26．A.really C．surprisingly
B．interestingly D．usually
C [作者一门心思扑在工作上，所以毫不让人惊讶，作者生活的其他方面开始枯萎。]
27．A.parents C．family
B．teachers D．friends
C [根据后文的“as I saw little of my wife or my two sons”可知作者与家人几乎不联系了。]
28．A.wrote C．ran
B．phoned D．drove
B [根据后文内容可知作者给家里的两个孩子打了个电话。] 29．A.bedtimes C．nights
B．kisses D．calls
A [作者晚上要很晚才能回家，又要错过孩子们的就寝时间了。bedtime在这里指“就寝时间”。]
30．A.however
B．whenever
C．whatever D．wherever
B [根据语境可知小儿子说不管作者什么时候回来，都要把他叫醒。] 31．A.as well C．in time
B．on purpose D．long before
D [根据语境可知作者担心自己回去的时候，两个孩子已经睡着很久了。] 32．A.notice C．require
B．feel D．explain
D [根据语境可知作者到现在也无法完全说清楚他当时的真切感受。] 33．A.value C．keep
B．leave D．take
B [作者虽然不知道当时自己到底是怎么想的，但他知道自己必须辞职。] 34．A.newspapers C．letters
B．interviews D．invitations
C [根据“They wrote to tell me...”可知作者辞职的消息公开后，他收到了很多的来信。]
35．A.Timeless C．Valuable
B．Hard D．Necessary
B [根据前文有些人非常生气的语境可知，在他们眼里辛苦工作才是美德，为了多花些时间和家人待在一起而辞职则不是美德。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Most students do an IQ test early in their school career.Even if they never see the 36. (result)，they feel that their IQ is what decides how well they are going to do in life.When they see other students doing 37. (well)than them，they usually believe that those students have 38. higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do 39. (change)the facts.However，new research into people's EQ suggests that success is not 40. (simple)the result of a high IQ.
While your IQ tells you how 41. (intelligence)you are，your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence.Professor Salovery，who 42. (invent)the term EQ，gives the following description：At work，it is your EQ 43. gets you promoted(晋升).44. (support)by his academic
research，Professor Salovery suggests that when predicting(预测)someone's future success，we should pay more attention 45. their character.People's EQ might actually matter more than their IQ.
【语篇解读】 这是一篇议论文。本文论述了智商和情商对人的不同影响。 36．results [考查名词的数。句意：即使他们从来没有看到结果，他们觉得他们的智商决定了他们在生活中会做得多好。根据语境可知，此处表示测试结果，因result是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，应填复数形式。故填results。]
37．better [考查副词比较级。句意：当他们看到其他学生做得比他们好，他们通常认为那些学生有更高的智商，他们不能做什么来改变事实。由空后的than可知，此处用副词well的比较级。故填better。]
38．a [考查冠词。句意：当他们看到其他学生做得比他们好，他们通常认为那些学生有更高的智商，他们不能做什么来改变事实。此处用不定冠词表泛指，且higher的发音以辅音音素开头，应使用不定冠词a。故填a。]
39．to change [考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们看到其他学生做得比他们好，他们通常认为那些学生有更高的智商，他们不能做什么来改变事实。分析句子结构可知，change在句中作非谓语动词，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to change。]
40．simply [考查副词。句意：然而，一项关于人类情商的新研究表明，成功不仅仅是高智商的结果。此处用副词修饰谓语动词。故填simply。]
41．intelligent [考查形容词。句意：当你的智商告诉你你有多聪明时，你的情商告诉你如何运用你的智力。本句为感叹句，how后接形容词或副词，由空后的you are可知，此处作表语，应使用形容词。故填intelligent。]
42．invented [考查动词时态。句意：发明了“情商”一词的Salovery教授这样描述：在工作中，是你的情商让你升职。根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时，表示发生在过去的动作。故填invented。]
43．that [考查强调句型。句意：发明了“情商”一词的Salovery教授这样描述：在工作中，是你的情商让你升职。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，其结构是：“It is/was ＋被强调部分＋ that/who ＋其他成分”，此处强调your EQ，应用that。故填that。]
44．Supported [考查非谓语动词。句意：在他学术研究的支持下，Salovery
教授建议，在预测一个人未来的成功时，我们应该更多地关注他们的性格。根据句子结构可知，support在句中作非谓语动词，且根据by his academic research可知，Professor Salovery与动词support之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。故填Supported。]
45．to [考查介词。句意：在学术研究的支持下，Salovery教授建议，在预测一个人未来的成功时，我们应该更多地关注他们的性格。pay attention to...是固定短语，意为“重视；注意”。故填to。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
请根据以下提示以 The Loch Ness Monster为题，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文。
尼斯湖的成因 尼斯湖的面积 地球表层运动 英国最大，比英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士所有的水域加起来还要大。 传说之一是这种怪物饿了就会变为漂亮的马，等待人来骑，然后跳入水中将其吃掉。 多数人认为是二十世纪三十年代。 从那时起， 尼斯湖闻名于世。 参考词汇：Loch Ness尼斯湖 kelpie 马形水怪 【参考范文】
The Loch Ness Monster
Loch Ness is a lake resulting from a movement in the earth's crust.It is the largest body of fresh water in Britain.The water in Loch Ness is more than the total amount of
有关尼斯湖怪物的传说 尼斯湖怪物首次现身时间 water in all the lakes in England，Scotland and Wales.
There are many stories about the Loch Ness Monster，one of which is about the kelpie.When hungry，it would leave its home and change itself into a beautiful horse waiting for someone to climb on its back.Then it would jump straight into the Loch and eat him.
Most people think that the Loch Ness monster first appeared in the 1930s and the Loch has become famous ever since.
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city.She had a life-changing experience that I can identify with too.
After dinner one evening，she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened，she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school.The student was not allowed to return and now，several years later，she was faced with the same student.
He had brought a BB gun to school.There were zero tolerance rules in place in the school.A BB gun，though not a deadly weapon，could still do a lot of bodily harm and perhaps it could prove dangerous.The fact is，the school was no place for it to be brought.The student was expelled(开除)and told not to come back.
She and the student，immediately recognised each other and he offered a pleasant greeting to her as he stepped out of the elevator.He had in fact joined the military academy and was about to take the SAT to enter college.She was thankful that his life had not gone in a different direction and that he wasn't in jail.He had a positive outlook on his life and a plan to pursue something good in his future.
Yesterday，I was in a grade 1 high school class teaching TOEFL Speaking.Tony was sitting in the first row.I noticed that before class，Tony had slightly kicked a desk and was obviously upset about something.I also know that he has a girlfriend in the class and I quickly concluded that they'd had an argument.I know that it is silly of him to act that way or perhaps even have a girlfriend at that age.Nevertheless，he did and this little drama was unfolding even before class began.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class. Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.
【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.So I thought I should give him a few minutes to calm down.If I didn't feel that he had recovered from his anger and being upset，I might even skip him yesterday.There were two voices in my head when faced with such a situation.One said，“Make him do it！” The other said，“Listen to your heart.” Thankfully，I listened to my heart.
Paragraph 2：
I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than expected.Listening to my
heart instead of making it hard on himproved to be the right thing to do.Not only did Tony get the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding，but I also concluded that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes.Nevertheless，there are also times that the teacher needs to be in touch with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart.
Unit 6 Space and beyond
课时分层作业1
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The shadow(阴影) of her hand looks just like a bird.
2．The woman screamed (尖叫)when she found a mouse in her slipper. 3．She was suspended(暂令停学) from school for a week. 4．None of the passengers and crew(全体机组人员) were injured.
5．The answer varies，but to me there are，unexceptionally (无一例外地)，only three days，which are yesterday，today and tomorrow.
6．We each have a notion(看法)of just what kind of person we'd like to be. 7．This is why holidays can rekindle(重新唤起) passion.
8．Tragically(悲剧地)，she never saw the completed building because she died before it was finished.
9．It took him a while to accustom(使适应) himself to the idea. 10．Space travel rapidly became unexceptional (平常的)to the public. Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Smile，you're on body cam
As camera technology gets smaller and cheaper，it isn't hard to imagine a future where we're all filming everything all the time，in every direction.
Would that be a good thing? There are some obvious potential upsides．If people know they are on camera，especially when at work or using public services，they are surely less likely to misbehave.Another upside is that it would be harder to get away with crimes or to escape from blame for accidents.
Body cam data could also create a legal minefield.Arguments over the truth and interpretation of police footage(影像)have already surfaced.Eventually，events not caught on camera could be treated as if they didn't happen.Alternatively，footage could be faked or doctored to avoid blame or do wrong to others.
Of course，some people think that if you're not doing anything wrong，you have nothing to fear.But most people have done something embarrassing，or even illegal，which they regret and would prefer hadn't been caught on film.People already remove their social media feeds or avoid doing anything wrong in public—for fear of damaging their reputation.
The always-on-camera world could even threaten some of the qualities that make us human.We are natural persons who enjoy talking about other people's private lives and while those might not be desirable behaviour，they oil the wheels of our social interactions.Once people assume they are being filmed，they are likely to keep silent.
The argument in relation to body cam ownership is a bit like that for guns：once you go past a critical threshold(临界点)，almost everyone will feel they need one as an insurance policy.We are nowhere near that point yet — but we should think hard about whether we really want to see lights，body cams and action.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。随着摄影技术的发展，无处不在的镜头开始影响着人们的生活，在镜头下，人们使用公共服务系统时将更加规范；犯罪者将难以逃脱罪责。但是，由于影像资料可被伪造或窜改等，人们对摄影技术的使用存在争议。
1．What does the underlined word “upsides” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Advantages. C．Shortcomings.
B．Rules. D．Dangers.
A [词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“If people know they are on camera...would be harder to get away with crimes or to escape from blame for accidents.”可知，如果人们知道自己在镜头下，则行为更加规范；犯罪者也将难以逃脱罪责。据此可以判断，
该处陈述的是摄影技术发展的好处，upsides指“优点，好的一面”，故A项正确。]
2．Why do people argue about police footage? A．Police footage can show the truth.
B．Events caught on footage are treated unfairly. C．Police footage could be changed on purpose. D．Footage should not be filmed by police.
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中最后两句可知，没有被摄像机捕捉到的事件可以被视为没有发生；警方的影像资料也可以被伪造或窜改。据此可知，人们对警方的影像存在争议的原因是警方的影像可以被窜改，故C项正确。]
3．What does the author believe?
A．People pretend to behave well with cameras on. B．People's private lives should be respected.
C．Talking about others' private lives promotes social interactions. D．People keep silent before cameras when talking about themselves.
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，喜欢谈论别人的私生活虽然是不可取的行为，但这种行为是我们社会交往的润滑剂；据此可知，谈论别人的私生活促进了社会交往，故C项正确。]
4．What is suggested in the last paragraph? A．We don't need a critical threshold.
B．We should be cautious about adopting the body cam. C．We need the body cam as an insurance policy. D．We haven't decided whether to take action.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，body cam是一把双刃剑，一旦超越一定的界限，则每个人都会感到安全受到了威胁；据此可以判断，我们应当谨慎使用body cam，故B项正确。]
B
At first sight，Alma Deutscher，a thirteen-year-old girl from England appears to be like any other typical preteen.She loves to skip rope，read and play with her younger sister.But this modest youngster，who composed her first musical work at age six，first short opera at age seven，and first full-length opera based on Cinderella at age ten，is
anything but average.Though her parents downplay （不予重视）her extraordinary talent，young Alma is being described as “little Mozart” by the music world.
Alma's operatic take on the classic fairy tale，which she began writing at age eight，has a slight twist.Her Cinderella is a musician who meets her Prince Charming through a song.“In my Cinderella，she sings the beginning
of a ballad （情歌）— but at midnight she flees.Eventually，the prince finds her after asking all the maidens of the land to sing the end of the ballad.”
The opera was first performed in Vienna，Austria on December 29，2016，where the then eleven-year-old skillfully switched between the piano and the violin and received enthusiastic reviews.The young genius has since performed two new piano works，once in Australia and the other in China.
While this may appear to be a lot for someone so young，Alma is not worried.She says，“Of course I have to work hard.But all children have to work hard for exams，and at least when I work hard，I work hard for something incredibly exciting，like seeing my whole opera put on.”
Alma's musical talent first came to light before she could even talk.Her parents recall that as an 18-month-old toddler，she was able to hum a perfect version of the children's rhyme Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
However，Alma's abilities only gained international attention in 2012，after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart.The family was suddenly swamped with media and Alma became an overnight star，dubbed “little Mozart”．This nickname makes her parents unhappy because they believe it puts added pressure on the young girl.They would instead prefer her to be called “a composer and musician”．
Alma does not want to be compared to the famous artist either，saying “There was only one Mozart，and I prefer to be little Alma.” Regardless of what she calls herself，the thirteen-year-old is changing the world of music forever!
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。13岁的Alma有音乐天赋，18个月时就能哼唱《一闪一闪小星星》，6岁时创作了她的第一部音乐作品，7岁时创作了第一部短歌剧，被人们誉为“小莫扎特”。
5．What do we know about Alma Deutscher?
A．She comes from a famous musical family.
B．She showed a great musical talent from a young age. C．She regularly performs the classical music of Mozart. D．She has adapted some famous works of classical music.
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“But this modest youngster...is anything but average.”可知，Alma Deutscher自小便显示出了惊人的音乐天赋，故B项正确。]
6．How did Alma get to be widely known? A．Through an online video. B．By performing on television. C．By putting on an opera. D．Through her parents' promotion.
A [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“However，Alma's abilities...after a family friend posted a video online comparing her to Mozart.”可知，2012年Alma家的一位朋友在网上发布了一个视频，将Alma比作莫扎特；此后她的能力受到了国际关注，故A项正确。]
7．What is Alma's attitude towards her success? A．She is still unsatisfied with her performance. B．She is uncomfortable with so much pressure. C．She is modest about her musical achievements. D．She is proud to have become a professional musician.
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，在人们将她比作莫扎特时，Alma不愿和这位著名的音乐家相提并论，她认为世界上只有一个莫扎特，而她更喜欢人们叫她“小Alma”；据此可以判断，面对人们的赞誉和自己的成功，Alma很谦虚，故C项正确。]
8．What can we infer about Alma's parents? A．They are very well-educated people. B．They are protective of their daughter. C．They have pushed Alma to take up music. D．They have made a good life plan for Alma.
B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The family was suddenly swamped with
media and Alma became an overnight star...They would instead prefer her to be called ‘a composer and musician’．”可知，Alma成了一夜成名的“小莫扎特”，但这个绰号让她的父母不高兴，因为他们认为这会给这个小女孩带来额外的压力，他们宁愿她被称为“作曲家和音乐家”。据此可以判断，Alma的父母是爱护她的，故B项正确。]
Ⅲ.阅读七选五
Do you usually feel you're working hard but still can't reach your study goals? Here are some quick tips to help you study better.
◆Study with a partner or in groups
Rather than live in a cave with your nose in the books all day，grab a friend from your class and study with him. 1 ◆Step into your teacher's shoes
Ask yourself “If I were the teacher，what would I put on the test？” You have probably experienced a lot of your teacher's tests and quizzes by now. 2 Teachers have specific types of information that they want you to learn.The structure is usually the same.
◆Paint pictures on the paper
You can build your knowledge structure in the form of pictures.It's harder to remember each piece of a puzzle individually than it is to recall the completed picture. 3 ◆ 4
A hungry brain is an ineffective one.Your brain needs the proper nutrients to keep it going.Because of this，what you eat and drink also plays a huge role in how sharp your brain is.Healthy foods provide nutrients to your brain cells to keep them energized.
◆Take breaks to relax your brain
Your brain is like a muscle.It can be also tired if you overwork it. 5 If you divide studying into 15 to 30 minutes blocks with quick breaks in between，your brain will feel refreshed，grateful and ready for the next challenge you throw at.
A．Feed your brain from time to time. B．It needs exercise to make it stronger. C．Relax your brain by eating and drinking. D．You'd better learn from them for the next test.
E．It's necessary to have a long holiday and have nice food.
F．Find ways to connect what you are learning to real life or to other concepts. G．Group studying helps you to engage and process the information more deeply. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何应用一些策略让你的学习变得更好。
1．G [根据本段的小标题可知，本段强调的是和大家一起学习。G项指出和大家学习的好处，承接上文，符合语境。]
2．D [本段讲的是从老师的角度去揣摩老师想要学生学习的知识，从而更好地为考试做好准备。D项中的them指代上文中老师所组织的考试和小测验。]
3．F [本段讲的是用联想和绘画等多种方法，把知识点记住。所以找一些方法把你正学习的东西与现实生活或其他概念联系起来。F项与上文为因果关系。]
4．A [根据本段的主要内容跟补充大脑营养有关，所以A项正确。] 5．B [本段讲大脑像肌肉一样，过度使用也会疲劳，因此需要锻炼让它更强大，所以B与之吻合。]
课时分层作业2
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It can't be Tom who broke the window，because he has been studying at home all day long.
2．You shall get a prize as long as you finish it ahead of time. 3．He must be at home，for the lights are on. 4．The little boy dare not go out in the evening. 5．With time flying by，Grandpa is not so strong as he used to be. 6．Would you please hand me the book over there? 7．Although she had read the story，I don't think she saw (see) the point of it. 8．You can not be too careful while driving. 9．There should not be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
10．Believe it or not，the stadium can be emptied in four minutes. Ⅱ.完形填空
One day I saw an open shoe store.I walked in.As I stood talking to the saleswoman，the front door opened and a young man about twenty came into the store in a 1 ．“I need a new pair of shoes，” said the 2 ．As he turned the corner，I was 3 to see that he had no legs.
Seeing us 4 ， the young man said，“When I was a 5 ， my parents used to buy me a new pair of shoes every year.That was such a wonderful feeling — 6 I have never forgotten.”
Soon the saleswoman came with a large box.She put it down on the floor，took out a boot and 7 it to him.Placing the boot 8 his nose，he closed both eyes，and took a deep 9 ．I did not know what to say as tears began to roll down his 10 ．
Suddenly we heard the saleswoman shouting to an old man 11 who looked in the window.The young man looked at the old man and signalled him to enter.“What size of shoes do you wear？” the young man asked the old man.“Nine and a half.” he replied， 12 his old tennis shoes.“What's your 13 hiking boot that old man wears？” the young man asked.Within a minute，the saleswoman returned with a pair of hiking boots.He 14 out，took the boot，placed it to his nose and took a deep breath. 15 ， tears came to his eyes.“Sir，would you mind trying on these boots？” the young man asked the old poor man.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位没有双腿的陌生青年为一位陌生的穷苦老人买鞋的感人故事。
1．A.wheelchair C．boot
B．car D．suit
A [根据下文中的“had no legs”可推知这个年轻人是坐着轮椅(wheelchair)进店的。]
2．A.salesman C．elder
B．owner D．customer
D [根据空前的“I need a new pair of shoes”可知，进店的那位年轻人是一位顾客(customer)。]
3．A.excited C．ashamed
B．shocked D．embarrassed
B [根据本句语境可知，一个没有脚的年轻人却要买鞋子，这让作者感到震惊(shocked)。excited“兴奋的”；ashamed“惭愧的”；embarrassed“尴尬的，窘迫的”。]
4．A.unsatisfied C．puzzled
B．uninterested D．worried
C [根据下文那个年轻人解释自己为什么买鞋可知，此处表示“看到我们疑惑(puzzled)，那个年轻人解释道”。]
5．A.student C．barber
B．manager D．kid
D [根据语境可知，当这个年轻人还是个孩子(kid)的时候，父母每年都会给他买双新鞋。]
6．A.everything C．nothing
B．something D．anything
B [根据空前的破折号可知，空处是对其前“such a wonderful feeling ”的补充说明，表示“一种至今难以忘怀的东西(something)”。]
7．A.handed C．sent
B．threw D．describe
A [根据前文“She put it down on the floor，took out a boot”可知售货员把鞋递给了他。]
8．A.to C．across
B．over D．on
A [根据最后一段“placed it to his nose”可知答案为A。] 9．A.drink C．smile
B．look D．breath
D [根据最后一段“took a deep breath”可知。] 10．A.sleeves C．cheeks
B．hands D．legs
C [作者看到年轻人泪流满面，不知说什么好。cheek“面颊，脸颊”符合语境，故选C。]
11．A.in horror C．in relief
B．in sorrow D．in rags
D [根据鞋店售货员吼窗外老人和文章最后的“old poor man”可推断，该老人应该是穿着破烂的(in rags)。in horror“惊恐地”；in sorrow “悲痛地”；in relief “放心地”。]
12．A.turning around C．turning back
B．showing up D．looking down at
D [当老人回答他穿多大码的鞋时，应该是低头看脚上的鞋子。] 13．A.best C．heaviest
B．dearest D．quickest
A [根据语境可知，那个年轻人要为老人买最好的(best)鞋子。dear“昂贵的”；heavy“沉重的”；quick“迅速的”。]
14．A.burst C．reached
B．looked D．broke
C [根据下文“took the boot，placed it...breath”等动作可知，第一个动作应该是伸出手(reached out)接过鞋子。]
15．A.At once C．Ever since
B．Once again D．Once in a while
B [和前文呼应：“又一次，他流下了泪水。”] Ⅲ.语法填空
I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate 1. a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.I said hello 2. him，smiling sweetly and then I suddenly thought，“Why not offer him a piece of chocolate？” So I did.He was quite 3. (surprise)，but accepted and thanked me.He said that people didn't usually do things like this for 4. (stranger)—at least that was what I understood，because he was speaking a really 5. (usual)dialect，and the train was loud.
Then he opened one of his bags and gave me 6. handful of freshly picked cherries，7. (explain)that he had just taken them from his orchard.The cherries were really lovely，better than those in the shops，and I enjoyed them very
much.It 8. (be) just an impulse(冲动)to offer him a piece of chocolate，but if I had not done so，I would never have tasted those lovely cherries，9. I didn't even know he had at the time.Life is about giving and taking，and it's 10. (general)true that if you give，you will receive.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了作者的一次生活经历，启迪读者：给予和索取是相互的。
1．when [考查连词。hardly...when...意为“一……就……”，为固定用法，故用连词when引导时间状语从句。]
2．to [考查介词。say hello to sb.意为“向某人问好”，符合语境，故用介词to。] 3．surprised [考查形容词。此处是过去分词作形容词，在句子中作表语，修饰人。]
4．strangers [考查名词复数。根据语境可知，此处表示“陌生人”，应用名词形式stranger，又因stranger是可数名词，故用复数形式。]
5．unusual [考查形容词。根据上文中的“at least that was what I understood”可推知，老人说的方言很不同寻常。]
6．a [考查冠词。固定搭配a handful of意为“一把……”，符合语境，故用不定冠词a。]
7．explaining [考查非谓语动词。explain和主句谓语动词之间没有连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，且和句子主语he之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式explaining。]
8．had been [考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，“我”出于冲动给他一块巧克力，早于他给“我”樱桃。故用过去完成时。]
9．which [考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用which引导非性定语从句，在从句中作had的宾语。定语从句的先行词为cherries。]
10．generally [考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故填generally。]
课时分层作业3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
It is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rain forest.Without it we would not have grown into primates(灵长目动物)．Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawling around on four legs in search of meat.Without competition，Columbus wouldn't have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.
The friendship，like all relationships between two people，involves competition.It isn't competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prizes.Perhaps the ecological definition — the simultaneous(同时的)demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources，such as nutrients，living space，or light — better explains it.
As in nature，high school life is governed by a set of laws，similar to a shortened version of Darwin's theory of evolution，overpopulation，and competition.There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them，ranking and categorizing(分类)take place.In high school，friendship co-exists with competition even though at times the relationship is rough.In fact，in some circumstances，competition is too much of a burden for friendship to bear，causing it to fall apart.College admission is the final high school objective.Three-years of hard work is to achieve good grades，and a student's fate is determined not only by these achievements，but by the records of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve similar recognition.
Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork.Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart.Yet，despite all this，without competition，we would be lost.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。
1．What does the ecological definition mainly explain? A．How friends compete with each other. B．How to win the competition.
C．What the result of competition is. D．What competition exactly is.
D [细节理解题。分析第二段最后一句可知，该句的主干是Perhaps the ecological definition better explains it，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“the ecological definition”。句意：两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。]
2．According to the author，what causes the high school students to compete? A．The number of them is too large. B．Friendship is a burden for them. C．They know the laws of nature well. D．They are divided into different groups.
A [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。]
3．Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition? A．Friendship is always based on competition. B．The degree of competition is vital to friendship. C．Competition is terribly harmful to friendship. D．Competition is a result of lost friendship.
B [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy，friendly competition can have only benefits，but when it becomes too fierce，jealousy(妒忌)can tear friendship apart.”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。]
4．What does the author think of “competition”？ A．The results of competition are out of control. B．Competition becomes fiercer in high school. C．Competition is certain to happen in high school.
D．Friendship is not as important as competition in high schools.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Nevertheless，by necessity，competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.”可知，作者认为高中生活的各个方面存在竞争是必然的。故选C项。]
B
Some people are so rude!
Who sends an email or a text message that just says “Thank you”？ Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Don't these people realize that they're wasting your time?
Maybe I'm the rude one for not appreciating life's little politeness.But many social agreed standards just don't make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
In texts，you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello.E-mail，too，is slower than a text.Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect.
My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages，none of which I listened to.Exasperated，he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls.“Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked.“Just text him.”
In the age of the smartphone，there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about：the weather forecast，a business's phone number，or directions to a house，a restaurant，which can be easily found on Google Maps.But people still ask these things.And when you answer，they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these differing standards? Easy.Consider your audience.Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thank-you message.Others，like me，want no reply.
The anthropologist(人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies，the young learn from the old.But in modern societies，the old can also learn from the young.Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了如今在智能手机时代，人们应该选择哪种方式进行沟通。
5．What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph? A．Worried.
B．Surprised.
C．Annoyed. D．Tired.
C [词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”可知，作者的父亲对作者不给自己回电话很不满，由此可推知exasperated意思是“恼怒的，生气的”，故选C。]
6．Why didn't the writer reply to his father? A．He liked text messages better. B．He enjoyed checking his voice mail. C．He didn't receive any voice mail messages. D．He didn't want to talk with his father.
A [推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“‘Why are you leaving him voice mail？’ my sister asked.‘Just text him.’”可推知，作者不喜欢用语音信箱，更偏爱发短信，故选A。]
7．Which of the following does the writer agree to?
A．People needn't learn from one another in traditional societies. B．Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual. C．People needn't turn to Google for help when in trouble. D．Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary.
B [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可推知，标准是变化的，处理方式应该因人而异，而不是一刀切，语音信箱的使用亦是如此，故选B。]
8．What's the best title for this passage?
A．Nowadays：what should we do with text messages? B．Nowadays：do you like leaving others a voice message? C．Nowadays：what means should we use in communication? D．Nowadays：do you need a thank-you message?
C [标题归纳题。根据对文章内容的整体理解可知，第三段引入本文话题，最后两段点题总结，本文主要讨论的是如今(在智能手机时代)我们应该用何种方式进行沟通，故选C项。]
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Meredith family lived in a small community.As the economy was in decline，some people in the town had lost their jobs.Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet.People were trying to help each other meet the challenges.
Mrs.Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman.She spent a great deal of time visiting the poor.She knew they had problems，and they needed all kinds of help.When she had time，she would bring food and medicine to them.
One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before.There was a man sick in bed，his wife，who took care of him and could not go out to work，and their little boy.The little boy—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much.
“I wish you could see him，” she said to her own children，John，Harry，and Clara.“He is such a help to his mother.He wants very much to earn some money，but I don't see what he can do.”
After their mother left the room，the children sat thinking about Bernard.“I wish we could help him to earn money ，” said Clara.“His family is suffering so much.”
“So do I，” said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them.”
For some moments，John said nothing，but，suddenly，he sprang to his feet and cried，“I have a great idea！I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成)．”
The other children also jumped up all attention.When John had an idea，it was sure to be a good one.“I tell you what we can do，” said John.“You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us？Well，we can make popcorn (爆米花)，and put it into paper bags，and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
When Mrs.Meredith heard of John's idea，she thought it was a good one，too. Paragraph 2：
With everything ready，Bernard started out on his new business. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
When Mrs.Meredith heard of John's idea，she thought it was a good one，too.Very soon，the children learnt how to pop the corn and then were busy in doing this “big” thing.At the same time，their mother went out to buy the paper bags that they needed.When she came back，she brought with her Bernard.Bernard felt grateful to all of them for what they had done for him.
Paragraph 2：
With everything ready，Bernard started out on his new business.Much sooner than could be expected，he returned with an empty basket and so much money that he had never seen before.He was so delighted that he could hardly speak，but his bright smiling face spoke for him.For many weeks，every Saturday，the three children would prepare popcorn for Bernard to sell.This little boy therefore could help support his family.All of this was because of John's bright idea.
单元综合测验
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Whether you just love sport or you're a professional，you can gain experience through one of our internships(实习)．Hands-on experience and varied technical and practical knowledge，plus understanding of different cultures and how to work within them will be an outstanding entry on your resume(简历)!
We hope you find something below that suits you，but if you don't，please contact us and we can probably arrange it for you! So give us a call at ＋44(0)1903 502595 or email us at info@travellersworldwide.com.
AUSTRALIA：
Sports Internship in a Mainstream High School in Perth
Intern in the Sports Department，working with the Head of Department and the PE teachers.You'll combine coaching with sports administration，lesson planning，monitoring students' performance and assisting the PE teachers in all aspects of their work.
MALAYSIA：
Scuba Diving and Dive Resort Management Internship on Pulau Tiga Island Assist in running a dive centre on the island of Pulau Tiga.You'll experience running a water sports centre and if you stay for 3 months，you can do a total of 60 dives as a condition for the Dive Master Course.
You'll assist the Dive Master in managing the dive centre，guiding and assisting new learners，handling customers' enquiries and reporting to the Dive Instructor.
SOUTH AFRICA：
Sports Work Experience Internship at a Sports School in Knysna
It's a well-regarded sports school on the famous Garden Route.You'll learn all aspects of the daily running and management of a sports school set up to help less advantaged children.Sports include archery，bowls，cricket，cycling，football，golf，hockey and tennis.Also，you should help organize sports festivals and develop sport in the poor communities.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了三个海外实习岗位，不论你是职业运动员还是体育爱好者，都可以申请。
1．Who is the text written for? A．Students who need a part-time job.
B．Students who enjoy doing sports in free time. C．Students who want to have an internship abroad. D．Students who want to help children in other countries.
C [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“internships(实习)”以及“plus understanding of different cultures and how to work within them will be an...”可知，本文的目标读者是那些寻求海外实习机会的学生。]
2．Where can you find the most suitable internship if you are interested in scuba diving?
A．In Australia. B．In South Africa. C．On Garden Route. D．On Pulau Tiga Island.
D [细节理解题。从第二则广告项目可知，这个实习机会是在马来西亚迪加岛的一个潜水中心，所以适合对潜水有兴趣的人。]
3．What do we know about the sports school in Knysna? A．It serves as a famous scenic spot. B．It aims at training the best athletes. C．It is intended for less advantaged children. D．It often holds sports festivals in poor communities.
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You'll learn all aspects of the daily running and management of a sports school set up to help less advantaged children.”可知，这所学校是为那些条件比较差的孩子们建的。]
4．Which aspect do the three jobs mentioned in the text share? A．Administration. B．Teaching classes. C．Guiding new learners. D．Handling customers' enquiries.
A [细节理解题。根据AUSTRALIA部分中的“You'll combine coaching with
sports administration，”MALASIA部分中的“You'll assist the Dive Master in managing the dive centre，”以及SOUTH AFRICA部分中的“You'll learn all aspects of the daily running and management of a sports school set up to help less advantaged children.”概括可知，这三个实习项目都涉及管理工作。]
B
When Carson Palmer，a professional American football player，hurt his arm a few years ago，he took a week off from throwing the football.But in his head，Palmer practiced every day.The following weekend，Palmer had the best game of his life.
For more than a century，scientists have been trying to understand how this mental training works.In the 1930s，researchers proved by experiment that when you're imagining an action，your brain sends signals to your muscles(肌肉)which are too weak to tighten the muscles but might help train the body to perform.In other words，mental practice might create a pattern in your head，like an inner how-to guide for a particular skill.
Sports psychologists have conducted hundreds of studies comparing imagined and physical practice for actions.On the whole，the research shows that mental training works.A 2012 study，for example，compared 32 amateur golfers who practiced hitting the balls to another 32 who merely held a golf club in their hands and visualized(想象)their swings.Under the same training rules，both groups improved their skills by getting the ball about 4 inches closer to the hole.
Visualization has advantages over the real thing：You can do it anywhere，even when injured.It is safe — a major plus for high-risk performers such as gymnasts and surgeons.And you can practice for longer periods of time because you're not restricted by physical tiredness.That's not to say it's easy，however，“we've had Olympiclevel athletes sitting in our lab，visualizing the movements for two hours，” says Tadhg Macintyre，a sports psychologist at the University of Limerick in Ireland.“When we're done，they're absolutely tired.”
It doesn't work for everyone，though.“If you're a novice，the effect can be harmful，” warns Macintyre.“If you're trying to visualize a free throw，and you don't even know the proper movement，then you're probably going to mentally practice the
wrong skill.”
【语篇解读】 研究发现运动员的精神训练法能训练运动员的肌肉反应，在头脑中形成自己的反应模式，能促进一个运动员的技能水平的提高，但此法不适用于新手。
5．The author introduces the topic of the text by ． A．giving an example B．presenting an argument C．explaining a phenomenon D．making an assumption
A [推理判断题。文章第一段用美国橄榄球运动员Carson Palmer受伤在家，但是坚持精神训练的例子来引出运动员通过精神训练法也能促进或保持运动员的竞技水平这个话题。故答案选A。]
6．What happens when one is visualizing an action? A．A special skill is quickly acquired. B．A certain model is formed in the head. C．The muscles grow increasingly tense. D．The brain sends strong messages to the body.
B [细节理解题。根据第二段“In other words，mental practice might create a pattern in your head，like an inner howto guide for a particular skill.”精神训练法也会训练运动员的肌肉反应，创建你头脑的反应模式。故答案选B。]
7．What does the underlined word “novice” in the last paragraph mean? A．Coach. C．Beginner.
B．Specialist. D．Judge.
C [词义猜测题。根据最后一段“don't even know the proper movement”可知，novice指不知道运动的正确姿势和动作，对该运动不是很熟悉的人，由此可以知道该词是初学者、新手的意思。故答案选C。]
8．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Athletes are likely to win games through imagined practice. B．Practicing a skill properly in mind can produce intended effect. C．Practice whether mental or physical has its own characteristics.
D．Scientists have found a safe way for athletes to practice their skills.
B [主旨大意题。本文用一个著名运动员的例子来引出话题，运动员用运动的精神训练法在某种程度上也能跟身体训练一样，达到促进运动技能的效果。故答案选B。]
C
Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it．
Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing，says，“The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.”
Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops.Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.
People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it.E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found.Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.
BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟)．The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个图书漂流的网站，该网站鼓励人们拿出自己的图书与他人分享，如今超过135个国家的一百多万人成为该网站的会员。
9．Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph? A．To explain what they are. B．To introduce BookCrossing. C．To stress the importance of reading. D．To encourage readers to share their ideas.
B [推理判断题。由题干定位到第一段，该段首先说阅读是一种社会性的活动，然后谈到读书小组(book groups)，接下来说到BookCrossing这个网站，说该网站给传统的读书小组翻开了新的一页(turns the page on)，然后逐段介绍这个网站的做法，由此推断，介绍读书小组的目的是引出这个网站，因此选B项。A项“解释它们的含义”，C项“强调阅读的重要性”，D项“鼓励读者分享他们的观点”，均不是作者提到读书小组的目的，可排除。]
10．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The book. B．An adventure. C．A public place.
D．The identification number.
A [代词指代题。画线词在第二段，该段详细介绍这个网站的具体做法：会员去网站登记自己愿意分享的书，网站给这本书一个身份编号并贴在书中，主人把书留在公共场所，希望这本书会跟“找到它的每个新读者”一起旅行。由此可知代词it指前文提到的the book。B项“一次冒险”，C项“一处公共场所”，D项“身份编号”，均不是it所指的内容。]
11．What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it? A．Meet other readers to discuss it. B．Keep it safe in his bookcase. C．Pass it on to another reader. D．Mail it back to its owner.
C [推理判断题。从题干中的after reading it判断答案在第四段。该段说，人们在看完一本书之后就把书留在公园的长凳、公共汽车、火车站及咖啡馆等地方，下一位找到这本书的人就到网站上记录他们找到这本书的地点，由此可推断选C项“把书继续传递给另一位读者”。A项“与其他读者会面，讨论这本书”，B项“把书妥善保存在书架上”，D项“把书邮寄给他的主人”，均不是会员的做法。]
12．What is the best title for the text? A．Online Reading：A Virtual Tour B．Electronic Books：A New Trend C．A Book Group Brings Tradition Back
D．A Website Links People through Books
D [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了BookCrossing这个网站，因此这篇文章的标题应体现出“网站”这一关键点，再根据第三段中的the people you meet and books you read可知只有D项涵盖了这些信息。]
D
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life. Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism—if they had been made last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott's last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton, a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。1914年到1916年间，一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路。结果他们在回来的路上发生海难，其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里。通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历。
13．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week. B．They showed undersea sceneries. C．They were found by a cameraman. D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
D [细节理解题。由题干中的the photos taken by Hurley定位到文章第二段开头。该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作，故A项错误；该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的，故D项正确；文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观，故B项错误；拍摄者是摄影师，但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片，故C项错误。]
14．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text? A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton. C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
C [推理判断题。由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段。被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比Robert Falcon Scott船长先前的探险更大的收获，该船长在1912年就到达了南极。由此推断Robert Falcon Scott是最先到达南极的人，故选C项。]
15．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage? A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research. C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
C [细节理解题。题干的Alexander在最后一段出现，the 1914 voyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险，该段开头说，这个作家在她的小说The Endurance中说，在那时，探险就已经是纯商业活动(a thoroughly commercial effort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱(money making)，故选C项。A项“艺术创作”，B项“科学调研”，D项“寻宝”，均未体现。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Last summer over 12，000 fans were at Wembley Arena in London，shouting and cheering.Thousands more were watching online. 16 It was esports，or competitive
computer gaming.
Millions of people in the UK play computer games for fun.Some of them have become professional gamers，playing games as their full-time job. 17 They practise for ten or more hours a day，five or six days a week.They do exercises like typing something and trying to type it faster and faster.They also study videos of other players and plan ways to beat them.
18 Are players athletes? Some say no.Esports players don't need to run，jump，throw or do big physical actions.At the moment，the UK government classifies esports as kinds of games，not as sports.
But others say yes：esports are sports.Players do need some physical skills，especially hand-eye coordination，reflexes，accuracy and timing.If darts，snooker and shooting are classified as sports，then perhaps esports should be too. 19 And they will be an official medal sport in the Asian Games starting from 2022.Next step：the Olympics?
For many esports fans and players，though，the most important thing is that esports are growing in popularity and importance. 20 A．But are esports really sports? B．All like playing computer games.
C．It's not easy being a professional gamer，though. D．But this wasn't a football，basketball or tennis match. E．It is certain that esports will come into the 2024 Olympics. F．In fact，China and South Korea do classify esports as sports.
G．If esports are not as important as sports now，they definitely will be in the near future.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电子体育的现状、发展前景和人们对它的看法。
16．D [空后一句说明这个运动是竞技电脑比赛，故选项D“但这不是足球、篮球或网球比赛”符合语境。]
17．C [选项C中的关键词“professional”与空前一句中的关键词“professional”呼应。]
18．A [根据空后的“Are players athletes？”可知，该段是对电子运动提出质疑，
故选项A符合语境。]
19．F [该段说明有些人认为电子体育也是体育。空后一句说明“esports”运动是2022年亚运会角逐金牌的项目，故选项F“中韩两国将电子体育划分为运动”符合语境。]
20．G [该空前一句说明电子体育的流行和普及，故选项G“如果现在电子体育不如体育重要，在不久的将来它们一定会和体育一样重要”符合语境。]
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Sleepwalking is most common during the preteen years and may affect 15 percent of children.Here are some ways to 21 this nighttime behavior.
Sound an alarm. 22 is an obvious concern in this situation，so if you don't have an alarm system in your house to help 23 your child inside，you may want to use an individual door alarm.Place a gate in the doorway to your child's 24 ．This will keep the sleepwalker in the room，or he may make enough 25 trying to move the gate that you'll catch your child in the act.Make sure you have safety locks on all doors and windows 26 outside，so your child can't leave the house while sleepwalking.
27 your child back to bed. 28 encourage him to go to sleep. 29 sleepwalkers are in the deepest stage of sleep，they will be confused if woken.In addition， 30 the sleepwalkers may disrupt their sleep，which in turn may cause their daytime 31 ．
Reduce stress.Most often，sleepwalking is the result of emotional 32 ．When a second child is born，the older child may be afraid of losing his parents' love.Talk with your child about 33 in his life.If you find your child's sleepwalking might be 34 by some stress in his life，try to 35 it.Get the help of a mental health expert if he needs it.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应对儿童梦游的三种方法。 21．A.get through C．give up
B．look into D．deal with
D [由下文中的“Sound an alarm”，“ your child back to bed.”以及“Reduce stress.”可知，下文是应对(deal with)这种夜间行为的三个方法。]
22．A.Health
B．Safety
C．Strength D．Effect
B [由下文的描述可知，在这种情况下，安全(Safety)是一个明显的问题。] 23．A.hide C．put
B．keep D．leave
B [由下文中的“This will keep the sleepwalker in the room”和“so your child can't leave the house while sleepwalking”可知，此处指报警系统有助于保持(keep)孩子待在室内。]
24．A.area C．bedroom
B．classroom D．space
C [由该空后的“This will keep the sleepwalker in the room”可知，在孩子的卧室(bedroom)门口放置栅栏门。]
25．A.noise C．movement
B．pain D．progress
A [由下文的描述可知，梦游的人在移动栅栏门的时候会弄出噪声(noise)。] 26．A.leading C．facing
B．pointing D．closing
A [由下文中的“so your child can't leave the house while sleepwalking”可知，确保所有通往(leading)外面的门和窗都有安全锁。]
27．A.Order C．Guide
B．Push D．Drive
C [根据空后的“back to bed”以及常识可推知，此处指把你的孩子领(Guide)回床上。]
28．A.Strongly C．Calmly
B．Quickly D．Gently
D [由下文的描述可知，此处指轻声地(Gently)鼓励他去睡觉。] 29．A.Though C．Because
B．Unless D．Before
C [由该段的描述可知，因为(Because)梦游者在深睡眠阶段，如果把他们叫醒，他们会感到很困惑。]
30．A.teaching
B．waking
C．watching D．directing
B [由文中的描述可知，唤醒(waking)梦游的人会扰乱他们的睡眠，这样又会导致他们白天困倦(tiredness)。]
31．A.sickness C．loneliness D [参见上题解析。] 32．A.mistakes C．problems
B．reasons D．choices B．sadness D．tiredness
C [由上文中的stress以及下文的描述可知，大多数情况下，梦游是情绪问题(problems)导致的结果。]
33．A.difficulties C．chances
B．lessons D．memories
A [由文中的描述可知，家长应该和孩子谈论他生活中的困难(difficulties)。] 34．A.followed C．removed
B．increased D．caused
D [如果你发现孩子的梦游是他生活中的压力导致(caused)的，努力去解决(address)它。]
35．A.decide C．stand
B [参见上题解析。]
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Visiting Xi'an was once my dream.It became a reality when I was admitted to a training course in China along with two other 36. (lady)．Finally，the day arrived 37. I landed at Xianyang International Airport in early August.As soon as I landed，I 38. (feel)a change in the atmosphere.I saw people standing in queues 39. (wait)for their turn at the immigration desk.Afterwards，we were transported to the office in the International Exhibition Center.China had invited participants 40. twenty-three developing countries to share digital television broadcasting techniques with them.
In my 20 days in Xi'an，I got the opportunity to observe Chinese culture closely，
B．address D．understand
41. thus it left an unforgettable mark on me.Now，Xi'an is like my second home.Since I came back to Pakistan，I have been missing Xi'an 42. (bad)．
My 20-day stay in Xi'an was 43. great experience.It was a learning opportunity，and also a chance to 44. (broad)my understanding of diversity.I learned that despite differences of colors，heights，races and religions，all human beings 45. (tie)by the bond of humanity，and that the future of nations is global with development and peace.
【语篇解读】 作者通过去西安参加一个培训课程的经历，增加了对中国文化的了解，并感叹文化是不分国界和种族的。
36．ladies [考查名词复数。数词two后应接可数名词的复数形式，故填ladies。] 37．when [考查状语从句。设空处引导时间状语从句，故填when。] 38．felt [考查动词的时态。根据从句时态提示词“landed”并结合语境可知，主句也应用一般过去时，故填felt。]
39．waiting [考查非谓语动词。此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”复合结构，wait与people之间为主谓关系，且wait表示的动作正在进行，要用现在分词作宾补，故填waiting。]
40．from [考查介词。设空处表示“来自……”，故填介词from。]
41．and [考查连词。分析句子结构可知，句中不缺少成分，且空格前后是两个并列分句，且是递进关系，故填and。]
42．badly [考查副词。修饰谓语动词missing应用副词，故填badly。] 43．a [考查冠词。experience作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，因此此处用不定冠词表示泛指。故填a。]
44．broaden [考查动词。不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填broaden，意为“增长；扩大”。]
45．are tied [考查动词的时态和语态。主语human beings与谓语动词tie之间为被动关系，且主语是复数，故填are tied。]
Ⅴ.应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你所在的学校将在下个月举办美国电影节(American Film Festival)。请你根据以下要点给你的美国朋友Peter写一封信，邀请他给学生做一次讲座。要点如下：
1．讲座目的：使学生对美国电影有所了解； 2．讲座内容：简要介绍美国电影制作行业的历史； 3．讲座时间：1小时30分钟。 注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【参考范文】 Dear Peter，
Our school is planning to hold an American Film Festival next month.I'm writing to invite you to come and give a talk on American films and the history of American film-making industry.This activity will help us understand how the industry has developed into big business as it is today.And it will also help us understand the knowledge of American culture in general.Do you think one and a half hours will be enough? Please let me know as soon as possible so that I can make arrangements.
I'm looking forward to seeing you and enjoying the talk. Best wishes.
Yours， Li Hua
Ⅵ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once upon a time in my family，the Saturday after Mid-Autumn Festival was the start of our annual big tamale(玉米粽子)-making party.We made them to share with friends and neighbors.
Preparation began with Daddy and the cleaning of the corn husks(外壳)．First he boiled them and left them in the water overnight.No husk passed inspection without being soft enough for folding.The next day，the rest of us got to work.My brothers and
uncles were on hand for clean-up duty.And there was much to clean up as we women prepared the dough(生面团) made of corn.We also prepared the meat for the filling.The dough had to be spread evenly across the husk，and each tamale folded carefully so it would not split open during steaming.
According to the long-standing tradition — at least in my family — no one was allowed to leave the kitchen during the steaming.This could ruin the process.After all，no one wanted a bad tamale!
I thought the family tamale-making party would go on forever，but to continue a family tradition，you needed to have family.Mine had changed forever.My father，two of my brothers and my uncle died in a short span of time.Mom and I spent months in a state of sad loss.Once friends asked，“Are we going to get tamales this year？” Passing tamales out to friends was one of the great joys of the season，after all.But we couldn't face it.Eventually，as the years went by，people stopped asking.
One afternoon，just before Mid-Autumn Festival，my mother and I pushed an empty shopping cart through the supermarket.I rounded the corner into the next room and found her standing in front of a counter：packages of dough，bags of corn husks，dried spices — all the materials for a perfect tamale.“It's time，” Mom said.I knew she was right.We set aside a Saturday to spend in the kitchen，just the two of us，alone with our thoughts.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1：
When we laid everything out I fell into the old routine. Paragraph 2：
My mother and I pronounced our tamale-making a success，full of loving memories from the past and hopeful wishes for tomorrow. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1：
When we laid everything out I fell into the old routine.We were for clean-up duty ourselves as we went along.Of course Daddy wasn't there to deal with the corn husks.They hadn't been cleaned；they hadn't been in the water.We lit a candle for our relatives in heaven and got to work filling and folding the tamales.Neither of us stepped out of the busy kitchen until the steaming was complete.By the end of the day，we had many beautiful tamales to share with our neighbors and friends.
Paragraph 2：
My mother and I pronounced our tamale-making a success，full of loving memories from the past and hopeful wishes for tomorrow.You can be sure we are preparing for this year's tamales and our kitchen will be crowded once again.My grandniece wants to learn the family tradition.Rule One：No one leaves the kitchen during the steaming! Life may change，but our family is forever bound together by love，memories and our favorite dish.
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