人教版高中英语必修三unit3知识点详解与同步练习(含答案)

专题解读

备考指南 本单元重点单词：scene, permit, spot, seek, account, indeed等，这些单词都是完形填空和阅读理解的高频词汇，需要从读音、词性、意义、搭配、活用上进行全面理解和掌握。并通过不断的应用进行及时巩固和强化。本单元校本教材会针对重点单词进行反复讲解和练习，方便同学们理解和应用。其他考纲内的单词需要会读，知道词性和意思，并了解基本用法和搭配，在做题中遇到不影响理解即可。

知识清单

必修三 词汇学习与应用

Unit3单词表

△Mark Twain 马克·吐温 (美国作家) birthplace [ˈbə:θpleis]n.出生地；故乡

△Florida [ˈflɔridə] n. 佛罗里达镇（位于密苏里州）佛罗里达州（美国州名）

bring [briŋ] up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 △Hannibal ['hænibəl] n. 汉尼拔（美国 城市） △Missouri [mi'zuəri] n. 密苏里州（美国州名） △Mississippi [ˌmisiˈsipi] n.

密西西比河；密西西比州（美国州名） novel [ˈnɔvəl] n. 小说；长篇故事 adj. 新奇的；异常的 △boyhood [ˈbɔihud] n. 少年时代 adventure [ədˈventʃə] n. 奇遇；冒险 △Tom Sawyer n. 汤姆·索亚（人名）

△Huckleberry Finn 哈克贝利·费恩（人名） phrase [freiz] n. 短语；词组；惯用语 △fathom [ˈfæðəm] n.长度单位（六英尺） author [ˈɔ:θə] n. 著者；作家 △Samuel Langhorne Clemens

塞缪尔·兰霍恩·克莱门斯（人名）

scene [si:n] n. （戏剧）一场；现场；场面；景色 △narrator [nəˈreɪtə(r)]n.讲述者，叙述者 △Roderick ['rɔdərik]n.罗德里克（男名） △Oliver n. 奥利弗（男名）

△bet [bet] n. 赌；打赌 vt. & vi. 打赌；赌钱 △make a bet 打赌

△penniless ['penilis] adj. 贫困的；身无分文的 wander [ˈwɔndə] vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊

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pavement [ˈpeivmənt] n. 人行道 businessman ['biznismæn] n. 商人

permit [pəˈmit] vt. & vi. 许可；允许；准许n. 通行

证；许可证；执照

ahead [əˈhed] adv. 在前；向前；提前

go ahead [əˈhed] 前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往

下说

by accident [ˈæksidənt] 偶然；无意中；不小心 bay [bei] n. 海湾

stare [steə] vi. 凝视；盯着看 stare at 盯着看；凝视 △nightfall n. 黄昏

fault [fɔ:lt] n. 过错；缺点；故障 spot [spɔt] vt. 发现；认出

n. 斑点；污点；地点

passage [ˈpæsidʒ] n. 船费（包括食宿）；通道；（一）

段

△unpaid [ʌnˈpeid] adj. 未付款的；不受报酬的 account [əˈkaunt] vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有n. 说明；理由；计算；帐目 account for 导致；做出解释

embassy [ˈembəsi] n. 大使馆；大使及其 seek [si:k] vt. & vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻

求

patience [ˈpeiʃəns] n. 耐性；忍耐 contrary [ˈkɔntrəri] n. 反面；对立面

adj. 相反的；相违的

on the contrary [ˈkɔntrəri] 与此相反；正相反 △charity [ˈtʃæriti] n. 慈善（团体）；施舍 envelope [ˈenvələup] n. 信封

unbelievable [ˌʌnbɪˈli:vəbl] adj. 难以置信的 △Horace n. 霍勒斯（男名）

steak [steik] n. (供煎、烤的)肉块；鱼排；牛排 pineapple [ˈpainæpəl] n. 菠萝 dessert [diˈzə:t] n. 餐后甜点 amount [əˈmaunt] n. 数量 take a chance 冒险

rude [ru:d] adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的 manner [ˈmænə] n. 礼貌；举止；方式 scream [skri:m] vi. 尖声叫 n. 尖叫声；喊叫声 genuine [ˈdʒenjuin] adj. 真的；真诚的

△issue [ˈiʃu:] vt. & vi. 发行（钞票等）；发布（命

令）；出版（杂志等） △fake [feik] n. 假货；欺骗 adj. 假的 rag [ræg] n. 破布；碎布 in rags 衣衫褴褛

indeed [inˈdi:d]adv.真正地；确实；实在 as for 关于；至于 bow [bəu] vi. & n. 鞠躬；弯腰 barber [ˈbɑ:bə] n. 理发师

单元知识预览

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项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备） 1.adventure n.奇遇；冒险→adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的 2.scene n.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 3.wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊 4.pavement n.人行道 5.permit vt. vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照→permission n.许可；准许 6.spot vt.发现；认出n.斑点；污点；地点 7.passage n.船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段 8.account vi. vt. 认为；说明；总计有 n.说明；理由；计算；账目 重点单词 9.seek vt. vi.寻找；探索；寻求→sought(过去式/过去分词) 10.patience n.耐性；忍耐→patient adj. n.有耐心的；病人 11.contrary n.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的→contrarily adv.相反地 12.envelope n.信封 13.believe vt.相信；信任→believable adj.可信任的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 14.amount n.数量 15.manner n.礼貌；举止；方式 16.indeed adv.真正地；确实；实在 1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句) 可以；往下说 3.by accident/chance 偶然；无意中；不小心 4.stare at 盯着看；凝视 5.account for 导致；作出解释 6.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反 重点短语 7.take a chance 冒险 8.in rags 衣衫褴褛 9.as for/to 关于；至于 10.to be honest 说实话 11.from the bottom of one’s heart 从心底 12.take one’s order 点菜 3

1.The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 2.You can’t open it until two o’clock.到两点钟你才能打开。 经典句型 3.That’s why we’ve given you the letter. （高考书这正是我们给你这封信的原因。 面表达必4.Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 备） 哎，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。 5.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么，你就一定要来呀！

学习单元知识预览中相关的词汇，同学们还能想到这些词汇其他的意思或者用法吗？和同学们讨论一下吧！ 4

假定你是李华，你校将于3月25日上午8:30到10:30在学校礼堂二楼举行主题为“关爱地球”

重点单词精讲

考点1.scene n. (戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 【教材原句】Act 1.Scene 3.第三场，第一幕。

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【例句研读】

(1)Our reporter was the first person on the scene. 我们的记者是第一个到现场的人。

(2)The rocking boats along the river bank make a beautiful scene.河边摇摆的小船构成一道美丽的风景线. (3)The boy led his mother to the scene of the accident.这个男孩带他妈妈到了事故现场。

scenery（总称）自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。

sight 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力/眼界

view 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度（从远处或高处）以眼所看到的景色。

【即时巩固】

根据句子意思用scene，sight，view，scenery的适当形式填空。 (1). Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______.

(2). The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east. (3). You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower. (4). The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring. (5). He began to lose his _______six years ago.

考点2.bet n. 赌；打赌 v. 打赌；赌钱

【教材原句】Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver , have made a bet. 一对年老又富有的兄弟，罗德里克和奥利弗，打了一个赌。 【例句研读】

(1) He often bets a 1ot of money on horses. 他经常在赛马上豪赌。 (2) I bet that it will rain tomorrow. 我敢肯定明天一定会下雨 (3) We made a bet on the outcome of the next horse race.我们打赌下场赛马的结果。

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辨析

scene 指某一处的自然风光，场景，场面。

【归纳拓展】 bet on为某事打赌 【即时巩固】 完成句子

(1) He spends all his money _______ _______ horses. 他把所有钱都用在赌马上。 (2) They bet that _____ ________ ______. 他们打赌他们会赢。

(3) He _____ ________ ______ and lost a lot of money .他打赌输了好多钱。

考点3.permit vt. 允许，许可n.[C]许可证，执照

【教材原句】Permit me to lead the way, sir. 先生，请我来为您领路。 【例句研读】

(1) She refused to give her permission她拒不同意。 (2) Do you have a driver's permit？你有驾驶执照吗？

(3) Time permitting, we'll go out for a picnic.时间允许，我们就去野餐。 【归纳拓展】

permission n. [U]许可，准许，允许 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 with/without one's permission＝with/without

辨析

let允许，让，常用于口语中，一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。 permit和allow意思相近，都表示“允许，准许”。permit稍正式一些，多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的允许,语气较强；allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。

常用句型：allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth.

【即时巩固】

用所给词的适当形式填空。

(1). Students are not permitted_________ (enter)the Net Bar. 学生不被允许进网吧。 (2). My mother wouldn't let me _______ (go) to the film.妈妈不允许我去看电影。 (3). We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office. 我们不允许办公室吸烟。

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make a bet on 为某事打赌 win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了

(4). Weather _______ (permit), we’ ll go outing this weekend.天气许可的话，我们这个周末去郊游。

考点4.spot vt. 发现，认出；点缀n. 斑点；污点；地点

【教材原句】The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.

第二天我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 【例句研读】

(1)This is the spot where the two trucks collided.这儿就是那两辆卡车相撞的地点。 (2)How did you get that spot on your face?你脸上怎么弄脏了一块？

(3)The teacher graded our test papers on the spot.老师当场就给我们的试卷打了分。 【归纳拓展】

spotless adj. 没有斑点的，干净的 on the spot 当场，当下 a scenic/historic spot 风景名胜/古迹 be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点 【即时巩固】

用spot的短语或其适当形式填空。

(1). The police ______ him driving a stolen car. 发现他在驾驶一辆偷来的汽车。

(2). The police were ______ ______ ______ within a few minutes of my telephone call. 在我打完电话后几分钟内就到了现场。

(3). He keeps his house _______. 他让他的房子一尘不染。

(4). She was wearing a white skirt with red ______她穿着一件白底红点儿的裙子。 (5). My father ____________ several spelling mistakes in my composition. 我父亲在我的作文里发现了好几处拼写错误。

考点5.fault n. 缺点；错误，过错；故障 vt.挑剔，指责 faulty adj.有缺点的；不完善的 faultless adj.不可挑剔的 【教材原句】It was all my fault.这都是我的错。 【例句研读】

(1) I like him despite his faults.

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虽然他有种种缺点，但我仍然喜欢他。 (2) No one could fault his performance. 他的演出无懈可击。

(3) He often found fault with others . 他经常挑剔别人。 【归纳拓展】

find fault (with sb/sth) 找（某人/事物的）错/茬儿；埋怨（某人/事物） 【即时巩固】

(1)It was _______ _______ that we were late. 我们迟到是他的过错。 (2)I have no fault to find _______ your work.我对你的工作挑不出毛病。 (3) She is always _______ _________ ________me她总是找我的茬儿。 (4) Ask for a refund if the goods are ______.商品如有瑕疵，可要求退款。

考点6.account n. 说明；理由；计算；账目；报道vi. vt. 认为；说明；总计有

【教材原句】The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance. 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整了。 【例句研读】

(1) He could not account for his foolish mistake. 他无法解释他所犯的愚蠢错误。 (2) Give us an account for what happened. 跟我们说一下到底发生了什么。 (3) She retired early on account of ill health. 她体弱多病，所以提前退休。 【归纳拓展】

account for 说明(原因等)；作出解释 on account of 由于，因为 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) on any account 无论如何 take account of＝take...into consideration 考虑…… keep an account of 记录，记载 9

It’ s one’ s fault 是某人的过错

a (large/small) amount of + n.[u] + v. (单数) (large/small) amounts of + n.[u] + v. (复数) in (large/small) amounts [作状语]大（少）量地 amount to... 共达……，合计…… 【即时巩固】

用amount的短语翻译或所给词的适当形式填空。

1). During the earthquake, a large amount of damage _______ (do) in a very short time. 在地震期间，短时间内造成了巨大的损失。

2). Large amounts of money _______ (spend) rebuilding the temple. 大量的钱被用在重修寺庙上。

3). At that time, small amounts of land _______ (use) for keeping animals. 在那个时候，很少的土地被用来饲养动物。 4). Food was provided _______ _______ _______. 食物的供应多少不等。

5). The company ______ ________ _______ environmental issues wherever possible. 只要有可能，这家公司会考虑到环境问题。

考点7.seek (sought, sought) vt. vi. 寻找；探索；追求

【教材原句】I went to the American embassy to seek help , but …… 我去了美国大使馆求助，但是…… 【例句研读】

(1)He is seeking (＝asking for) a job. 他正在找工作。

(2)The boy sought advice from his teacher. 这个男孩向他的老师请教。 (3)He is the man who is always seeking after truth. 他是个始终追求真理的人。 【归纳拓展】

seek one’s fortune追求财富；碰运气 seek (after/for) sth. 寻找某物；追求某物 seek sth. from sb.向某人寻求某事 seek to do sth.(＝try/attempt to do sth.)试图/企图做某事 seek happiness/comfort/wealth/success追求幸福﹑安逸﹑财富、成功 【即时巩固】

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(1)I think it’ s time we ________ legal advice. 我想到了我们寻求法律援助的时候了。 (2)They are seeking ________ ________the rules. 他们在试图改变规则。

(3)You must ________ permission from the manager. 你必须要获得经理的允许。

(4)They are _______ _______ ________us. 他们试图误导我们。

(5)He wanted to go abroad _____ ______ _______ ______.他想出国去碰碰运气。 与同学们讨论本节课所学的单词和句子，并试着用相应的单词造句。对于有疑问的单词和句子， 和同学们进行讨论和学习。最后将本课重点单词默写在下面，看谁写的又多又准确。

专题解读

必修三 短语和句子

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备考指南 本单元重点短语：bring up, by accident, stare at, account for, on the contrary, take a chance等，在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错中考查频率都很高，需要准确把握这些短语的意思，并注意区分相似的短语。个别短语如on the contrary,相反地，可以灵活运用于写作中提高写作层次。本单元重点句式：find sb.\\sth. +宾补，when引导的状语从句，疑问词+ ever引导名词性从句，相对比较好理解，会在语法填空短文改错中有直接考查，也可以运用到阅读中的长难句分析当中或者在写作中提高写作层次。

知识清单

Unit3单词表

△Mark Twain 马克·吐温 (美国作家) birthplace [ˈbə:θpleis]n.出生地；故乡

△Florida [ˈflɔridə] n. 佛罗里达镇（位于密苏里州）佛罗里达州（美国州名）

bring [briŋ] up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 △Hannibal ['hænibəl] n. 汉尼拔（美国 城市） △Missouri [mi'zuəri] n. 密苏里州（美国州名） △Mississippi [ˌmisiˈsipi] n.

密西西比河；密西西比州（美国州名） novel [ˈnɔvəl] n. 小说；长篇故事 adj. 新奇的；异常的 △boyhood [ˈbɔihud] n. 少年时代 adventure [ədˈventʃə] n. 奇遇；冒险 △Tom Sawyer n. 汤姆·索亚（人名） △Huckleberry Finn 哈克贝利·费恩（人名） phrase [freiz] n. 短语；词组；惯用语 △fathom [ˈfæðəm] n.长度单位（六英尺） author [ˈɔ:θə] n. 著者；作家

△Samuel Langhorne Clemens

塞缪尔·兰霍恩·克莱门斯（人名）

scene [si:n] n. （戏剧）一场；现场；场面；景色 △narrator [nəˈreɪtə(r)]n.讲述者，叙述者 △Roderick ['rɔdərik]n.罗德里克（男名） △Oliver n. 奥利弗（男名）

△bet [bet] n. 赌；打赌 vt. & vi. 打赌；赌钱 △make a bet 打赌

△penniless ['penilis] adj. 贫困的；身无分文的 wander [ˈwɔndə] vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊 pavement [ˈpeivmənt] n. 人行道 businessman ['biznismæn] n. 商人

permit [pəˈmit] vt. & vi. 许可；允许；准许n. 通行

证；许可证；执照

ahead [əˈhed] adv. 在前；向前；提前

go ahead [əˈhed] 前进；（用于祈使句）可以；往

下说

by accident [ˈæksidənt] 偶然；无意中；不小心

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bay [bei] n. 海湾

stare [steə] vi. 凝视；盯着看 stare at 盯着看；凝视 △nightfall n. 黄昏

fault [fɔ:lt] n. 过错；缺点；故障 spot [spɔt] vt. 发现；认出

n. 斑点；污点；地点

passage [ˈpæsidʒ] n. 船费（包括食宿）；通道；（一）

段

△unpaid [ʌnˈpeid] adj. 未付款的；不受报酬的 account [əˈkaunt] vi.& vt. 认为；说明；总计有n. 说明；理由；计算；帐目 account for 导致；做出解释

embassy [ˈembəsi] n. 大使馆；大使及其 seek [si:k] vt. & vi. (sought, sought) 寻找；探索；寻

求

patience [ˈpeiʃəns] n. 耐性；忍耐 contrary [ˈkɔntrəri] n. 反面；对立面 adj. 相反的；相违的

on the contrary [ˈkɔntrəri] 与此相反；正相反 △charity [ˈtʃæriti] n. 慈善（团体）；施舍 envelope [ˈenvələup] n. 信封

unbelievable [ˌʌnbɪˈli:vəbl] adj. 难以置信的 △Horace n. 霍勒斯（男名）

steak [steik] n. (供煎、烤的)肉块；鱼排；牛排 pineapple [ˈpainæpəl] n. 菠萝 dessert [diˈzə:t] n. 餐后甜点 amount [əˈmaunt] n. 数量 take a chance 冒险

rude [ru:d] adj. 粗鲁的；无礼的 manner [ˈmænə] n. 礼貌；举止；方式 scream [skri:m] vi. 尖声叫 n. 尖叫声；喊叫声 genuine [ˈdʒenjuin] adj. 真的；真诚的

△issue [ˈiʃu:] vt. & vi. 发行（钞票等）；发布（命

令）；出版（杂志等） △fake [feik] n. 假货；欺骗 adj. 假的 rag [ræg] n. 破布；碎布 in rags 衣衫褴褛

indeed [inˈdi:d]adv.真正地；确实；实在 as for 关于；至于 bow [bəu] vi. & n. 鞠躬；弯腰 barber [ˈbɑ:bə] n. 理发师

单元知识预览

项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备） 13

1.adventure n.奇遇；冒险→adventurer n.冒险家→adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的 2.scene n.(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 3.wander vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊 4.pavement n.人行道 5.permit vt. vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照→permission n.许可；准许 6.spot vt.发现；认出n.斑点；污点；地点 7.passage n.船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段 8.account vi. vt. 认为；说明；总计有 n.说明；理由；计算；账目 重点单词 9.seek vt. vi.寻找；探索；寻求→sought(过去式/过去分词) 10.patience n.耐性；忍耐→patient adj. n.有耐心的；病人 11.contrary n.反面；对立面adj.相反的；相违的→contrarily adv.相反地 12.envelope n.信封 13.believe vt.相信；信任→believable adj.可信任的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的 14.amount n.数量 15.manner n.礼貌；举止；方式 16.indeed adv.真正地；确实；实在 1.bring up 抚养；培养；教育；提出 2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句) 可以；往下说 3.by accident/chance 偶然；无意中；不小心 4.stare at 盯着看；凝视 5.account for 导致；作出解释 6.on the contrary 与此相反；正相反 重点短语 7.take a chance 冒险 8.in rags 衣衫褴褛 9.as for/to 关于；至于 10.to be honest 说实话 11.from the bottom of one’s heart 从心底 12.take one’s order 点菜 经典句型 1.The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. （高考书面表达必第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。 2.You can’t open it until two o’clock.到两点钟你才能打开。 14

备） 3.That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 这正是我们给你这封信的原因。 4.Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 哎，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。 5.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么，你就一定要来呀！

复习单元知识预览中的词汇，并学习相关的短语和句子，同学们还能想到类似的短语或者句式吗？和同学们讨论一下吧！

重点短语精讲

考点1. bring up 培养；抚养；养育或教育某人；提出；呕吐某物

【教材原句】He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River .

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他在密西西比河畔的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。 【例句研读】

(1) She brought up five children. 她养育了五个孩子。

(2) Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt. 她出生后不久父母双亡, 是由姑母抚养大的。

(3)Brought up in the south, he wasn’t used to the cold weather here. 在南方长大，他不习惯这儿寒冷的天气。 【归纳拓展】

bring about 引起；致使；造成；达成 bring along/on 带来 bring back 使记起；归还；恢复 bring down 使减低；降低；挫伤(傲气) bring forward 提出；出示；展示 bring out 揭露；显示，解释；出版 bring to (oneself) 使复苏 bring in 引进；引来；赚得 【即时巩固】

（1）The child ______ in the countryside knows how to _____ animals like dogs, pigs and so on. A. raised; bring up B. brought up; raise

C. fed; raise D. fed up; bring up

（2）You can hardly imagine the difficulty the woman had________ her children. A. brought up

B. to bring up

C. bringing up D. to have brought up

（3）Can you imagine the trouble that they had ___ the orphan in the terrible years? A. bring up

考点2.go ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；说吧；干吧 【教材原句】Go right ahead. 请继续。 【例句研读】

(1)If you think you can settle the problem, go ahead. 如果你觉得你能解决这个问题，开始干吧。

(2)The police examined the cars and allowed them to go ahead.

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B. to bring up C. bringing up D. brought up

检查了这些车并允许他们继续前行。

(3)—I'm afraid I have to trouble you with a question.我想我得打扰一下问你一个问题。 —Go ahead. 请说吧 【归纳拓展】

go ahead with开始做某事 ahead of 在…… 之前；超过 【即时巩固】 用ahead短语填空。

(1). Despite the bad weather, the journey will_______ _______. 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。 (2). The building of the new bridge will _______ _______as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。 (3). —— Could I use your bike? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ —— _______ _______.用吧。

(4). The new bridge was completed _______ _______ _______. 这座桥提前竣工了。

考点3.by accident = by chance 偶然；无意中

【教材原句】As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.事实上，我是偶然来到英国的。 【例句研读】

(1) Last time I ran across her in the street by accident. 上次我偶然在街上碰见她。 (2) I only found it by accident. 我只是碰巧找到的。

(3) He did it on purpose, not by accident.他是故意地，不是无意地。 【归纳拓展】 by contrast 对比之下 by mistake 错误地 by hand 用手，用体力 by machine 用机器 by chance 偶然地 by design 故意地 【即时巩固】

用by + n. 构成的词组填空。

(1). I was in such a hurry that I took someone else’ s umbrella _____________. 我如此匆忙以至于错拿了别人的雨伞。

(2). These toys are made ____________ instead of __________, so they are very expensive. 这些玩具是人工做的而不是机器做的，所以他们非常昂贵。

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(3). She had found the file ___________. 她无意中发现了文件。

考点4. to be honest = to tell (you) the truth = honestly speaking老实说；说实话 【教材原句】To be honest, I have none.说实话，我什么都没有。 【例句研读】

(1)To be honest, I have no time to do it. 老实说，我没有时间做这件事情。

(2)To be honest, I don't think we have a chance of winning. 说实话, 我认为我们没有获胜的可能. (3) Honestly speaking, he is fit for the job .老实说，他适合这份工作。 【归纳拓展】

英语中表示“……说”的短语： generally speaking一般来说 in general一般地来说 to sum up概括地说 【即时巩固】

用表示“……说”的短语填空。

(1)_______ ______, women live longer than men. 一般说来，妇女比男人长寿。

(2) He got home late last night, _______ ______ early this morning.他昨晚很晚才到家，确切地说是凌晨了。 (3)______ ________, I don’ t enjoy the performance.坦白地说，我不喜欢这场演出。 (4) ________ _______, I admire him for his courage.说实话，我钦佩他的勇气。

(5) ________ _______ ________ , I don’t like this kind of people.诚实地说，我不喜欢这种人。

考点5. on the contrary 与此相反；正相反[只作状语] 【教材原句】On the contrary, in fact.事实上，恰恰相反。 【例句研读】

(1). It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’ s rather beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美。

(2). It wasn't a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake. 这并不是一件好事，相反，这是个巨大的错误。 【归纳拓展】

exactly speaking确切地说 in other words换句话说 to be frank = frankly speaking坦率地说 or rather更确切地说 that is 也就是说 strictly speaking 严格说来 18

(be) contrary to 违反（某事物）；与……相反 【即时巩固】 用contrary短语填空。

(1). The car isn’ t expensive. ______ ______ ______, it’s quite cheap. (2). You think you are clever,____, I assure you that you are very foolish. A. on the contrary

B.on the other side D. on the whole

C.in other words

(3) ------________ to many people’s expectation, the 2009 UN climate Change Conference didn’t achieve any specific goals.

------ Yes, it’s really disappointing.

A. Contrary B. Thankful C. Similar D. Grateful

考点6. take a chance = take chances冒险，碰运气

【教材原句】Well, we’ll have to take a chance.哦，我们得冒个险。 【例句研读】

(1)He took a big chance when he made the investment. 当时他投资时是冒了大风险的。 (2)We have to take a chance. 我们不得不冒险。

(3)He took chances and jumped into the water. 他冒险跳到水里。

(4) I looked forward to the chances of going abroad. 我盼望着有出国学习的机会。 【归纳拓展】

have a good chance/no chance/not much chance of (doing) sth/ to do sth/ that.... 大有希望/没有可能/没什么希望做某事 by chance; by accident偶然地；意外地；非有意地 the chances are (that)...: it is likely that... 很可能…… give sb. a chance 给某人一个机会 a chance of lifetime千载难逢的机会 【即时巩固】 用chance短语填空。

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(1). The guide book didn’ t mention there being any hotels, but we decided to ______ ______ ______. 这本指南书没有提到那里有旅馆，但是我们决定冒个险。 (2). You should never ______ ______ when driving a car. 开车的时候你不应该冒险。 (4). 很可能她要来。

翻译：_______________________________________________ (5). 我遇见她完全是偶然的。

翻译：______________________________

经典句型剖析

考点1. find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语

【教材原句】Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 快到黄昏的时候，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。

【句法分析】find +sb./sth. + 宾语补足语 = find + (that) + sb./sth. + 谓语动词 搭配： find +sb./sth. doing 发现……在做……(主动) find sb./sth. done发现……被做……(被动) find oneself in/at... 发觉自己在某处／处于…… find sb. adj 发现某人….. 【例句研读】

（1）I found that the boy was watching through the hole.

我发现那个男孩正在透过洞往里面看。

（2）When day broke, we found ourselves in a thick forest at the foot of the mountain.

当天亮的时候，我们发现我们到了山脚下的一片森林里。 （3）He found a dying dog lying on the ground.

他发现一条奄奄一息的狗躺在地上。

（4）When he came to life , he found himself tied to a tree.

当他苏醒过来的时候，他发现自己被捆在一棵树上。 （5）I found the boy very clever.

我发现这个男孩非常聪明。 【拓展归纳】

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find +宾语+补语，相当于 find+宾语从句 例如：

I found him clever. =I found that he was clever. He found a stranger looking at him. =He found that a stranger was looking at him. 【即时巩固】

用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。

(1). I found the boy _______ (hide) behind the door.

(2). When night fell, we _______ _______ _______ (发现我们到了一个村子里) a small village.

(3). The film star________ ________ ________ ________ (发觉自己被围住) a group of fans immediately he got off the car.

考点2 .when引导的状语从句

【教材原句】The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.

第二天早上，正当我感到绝望时一艘船发现了我。

【句法分析】句中when为并列连词，译为“就在这时”，表示一种未预料到或突然发生的情况，常用于讲述过去发生的事情或故事。例如： 【拓展归纳】

when常用于以下句型：

(1). be about to do …when… 正要做某事就…… (2). be on the point of doing…when… 正要做某事就…… (3). be doing…when… 正在做某事就在这时…… (4). had just done sth. when... 刚做完某事就……

(5). had hardly done…when… 几乎还没有做完某事就…… 【例句研读】

（1）He was about to go out when it began to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。 （2）I’ d just finished my test paper when the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。 （3）The boy was riding when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正在骑车，就在这时，摔了下来。 （4）He was on the point of giving up when help came.他刚刚要放弃这时救援到来了。

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（5）I had hardly got home when it began to rain.我刚刚到家就下起雨来。 【即时巩固】

( 1). He was about to go out ________ it began to rain. 他正要出去时天下起雨来了。 (2). I’ d just finished my test paper ________ the bell rang. 我刚做完试卷下课铃就响了。

(3). The boy ________ ________ when he fell off his bike. 那个小孩正骑着车，就在这时，摔了下来。

考点3. That’s why 从句

【教材原句】That’s why we’ve given you the letter. 这正是我们给你这封信的原因。

【句法分析】句中why引导表语从句，例如： He got up late ; that was why he came late to school. 他起床晚了；那就是他为什么来晚的原因。 【拓展归纳】 表示原因结果的句型： That is because +从句 The reason was that +从句 【例句研读】

He fell ill ;that was why he was absent from the meeting .他病了；那就是他为什么缺席会议。 He was absent from the meeting ; that was because he was ill .他缺席了会议；那是因为他病了。 The reason why he was absent from the meeting was that he fell ill.他缺席会议的原因是他病了。 【即时巩固】

1.That is the reason _____I refused it.

2.He didn’t go by bike with me.That is ______there was something wrong with his bike. 3.He was badly hurt last night. That is _____ he didn’t come to school.

4.He kept yawning in class this morning. That is _____ he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 考点4. 疑问词+ ever引导名词性从句

【教材原句】You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. 您只要想来随时欢迎，您想吃什么尽管吃。

【句法分析】疑问词+ ever可引导名词性从句，相当于anyone who, anything that, any time when等，用来加强语气

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【例句研读】

(1) Whoever says that is a liar. 说那话的人是个骗子。 (2) I’ ll believe whatever you say. 我将相信你所说的一切。

(3). You can choose whatever you like in the shop. = You can choose anything that you like in the shop. (4)Whatever you say, I’ ll believe you. 无论你说什么，我都相信你。 【拓展归纳】

疑问词+ ever还可引导让步状语从句, 相当于no matter + 疑问词。如：

1). Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished. = No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. 2). Whenever you have problems, you may turn to me for help. = No matter when you have problems, you may turn to me for help. 【即时巩固】

1.In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help______there is human suffering. A.whoever

B.however C.whatever

D.wherever

2.All the books I have are here. You may borrow ______ you like. A.whatever

B.whichever C.whenever

D.however

3. He tried his best to solve the problem, ______difficult it was. A. however 与同学们讨论本节课所学的短语和句子，对于有疑问的短语和句子，和同学们进行讨论和学习。最后将本课重点短语默写在下面，看谁写的又多又准确。 B. no matter C. whatever D. although

必修三unit3 词汇学习与应用 分层作业

时间:35分钟 分值:41分 一、基础过关：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 1. He is very rich though he is always in r .

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2. They shouldn’t treat their mother in a rude m . They should respect her. 3. As a child, you are not p to smoke. 4. Mary listened to his long story with p .

5.For more than twenty years scientists have been ____________（寻求）to understand the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction.

6. The explorer told the boys about his __________(冒险）in the Arctic. 7. The boy was_____________(漫步）around.

8. I had thought it was a terrible film. On the ____________(正相反), it was exciting. 9. I want to see him now____________.(确实）

10. Her excuse for being late was totally ______________(难以置信的). 二、能力提升：翻译句子（共6小题，每小题3分，满分18分） 1.我写信是想请你担任我们英语演讲比赛的评委，比赛的主题是“爱地球”。

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.预计比赛将持续2个小时，从3月25日上午8:30 到10:30，在我们学校礼堂的二楼。

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.如果您能抽出时间参加比赛，我们将不胜感激。

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.作为尊贵的嘉宾，期望您能在比赛结束时发表演讲。

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.我们期待着那天见到你。

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.如果您有任何问题，请与我联系。

___________________________________________________________________________________________ 三、拓展应用：阅读理解（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

My father and I started our morning by moving quickly into the local store. I waited in the line at the Starbucks counter while he shopped around to pick up a few things.

As I was starting there I become aware of an elderly women, with untidy hair,wearing layers upon layers of old clothing, hunchbacked(弯背的) behind me in line. She had a few things for washing and seemed to want the Starbucks cashier to ring up since that queue was shorter than the queues in the store.

At some point I became aware of her edging (慢慢挪动) closer behind me—closer than I was comfortable with! I instinctively (本能地) placed a hand over my purse and drew it close to me. My fear and imagination

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raced creating wild stories about this homeless woman who might try to steal from me.

Then it was my turn to order. As the cashier rang up my total, I discovered I was 67 cents short. I called my father but he was hard of hearing. He asked me to repeat what I said but he still couldn’t make me out. At that point, a long, grey arm, with holes in its sleeves, reached over from behind me. She laid 67 cents out on the counter, saying, \"Here, we all need some help sometimes. \"

I was stunned! Here was a woman who clearly had very little to give and was in great need herself. I had judged her wrongly and she had offered to reach out to help me!

What an amazing gift and lesson this woman gave me about judging others! Thank you, God! 1.From the passage, we can learn that the elderly women _________. A.probably lived a poor life B.tried to steal money from the writer C.always followed close behind the writer D.often went to the store to buy a few things.

2.The elderly woman decided to help the writer_____________. A.the moment she saw the writer

B.when she noticed the writer watching her C.after the writer failed to get help from her father D.when the writer discovered she was 67 cents short

3.The underline word \"stunned \" in paragraph 5 probably means \"_________ \". A.happy B.surprised C.angry D.disappointed 4.What lesson does the writer learn from the story? A.We should look at things from two sides. B.It’s wise to give help to those in need. C.The world is full of love and surprises. D.Never judge a person from his appearance.

必修三unit3 短语和句子 分层作业

时间:30分钟 分值:38分 一、基础过关:短语填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

用方框内所给短语的正确形式填空。

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find fault with, make a bet, account for, to be honest,bring up, stare at, on the contrary, take a

chance, as for,on the spot.

1.It was quite difficult a job for her to ______________ several children all by herself during the war. 2.________________ P.E., some school boards either cut it entirely or decrease its teachers or the days. 3.The thief was caught ______________.

4.Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and________________ the universe and the Earth.

5.Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _____________, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.

6.Come on, and ____________. You may lose, but it’s worth trying. 7.He could not ____________his absence from school. 8.Let’s______________on who will win the race at last.

9.______________, I don't like the way of his dealing with the problem.

10.The boss is strict with his workers.He is always ____________what they have done. 二、能力提升:课文回顾（共10小题，每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Two rich brothers, Oliver and Roderick, made 1.____________bet. Oliver believed that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London, 2.____________Roderick didn't believe it. Henry Adams, an American businessman, found himself 3.____________(carry) out to sea by a strong wind when 4.____________(sail) home. He was spotted by a ship 5.____________he earned his passage by working as an unpaid hand. Then the boat 6._________(bring) him to London quite 7.____________accident. As Henry was 8.____________(penny) , the brothers thought him the right person to test 9.____________would win the bet. So they asked Henry to come into an apartment and gave Henry a letter, telling him not to open it 10.____________2 o'clock.

三、拓展应用：阅读理解（共4小题, 每小题2分, 共计8分）

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

Mark Twain left school when he was twelve. He had little school education. In spite of this, he became the most famous writer of his time. He made millions of dollars by writing. His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but he is better known all over the world as Mark Twain, his pen name.

Mark Twain was born in 1835 and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mother's tender care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbours. He didn't like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home. He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi(密西西比河).He was nearly drowned nine times.

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After his father's death in 1847, Mark Twain began to work for a printer, who only provided him with food and clothing. Then, he worked as a printer, a riverboat pilot and later joined the army. But shortly after that he became a miner. During this period, he started to write short stories. Afterwards he became a full-time writer. In 1870, Mark Twain got married. In the years that followed he wrote many books including Tom Sawyer in 1876, and Huckleberry Finn in 1884, which made him famous, and brought him a great fortune.

Unfortunately, Mark Twain got into debts in bad investments and he had to write large numbers of stories to pay these debts. In 1904, his wife died, and then three of their children passed away.

At the age of 70, his hair was completely white. He bought many white suits and neckties(领带).He wore nothing but white from head to foot until his death on April 21,1910. 1.Mark Twain left school at 12 to ______. A.work as a printer B.write stories C.join the army D.make a living

2.Which of the following about Mark Twain is NOT TRUE? A.He was not a healthy boy.

B.He caused much trouble for his parents. C.He gained lots of money by writing. D.He had a happy childhood but a sad later life. 3. ______ brought him fame and lots of money. A.His works B.His investments C.His printing D.His family 4.The best title for this passage is ______.

A.Mark Twain's Works B.Mark Twain's Life C.Mark Twain's Fame D.Mark Twain's Success

必修三unit3 词汇学习与应用 参

时间:35分钟 分值:41分 一、基础过关：单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 1. rags 2. manner 3. permitted 4. patience 5.seeking

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6. adventures 7. wandering 8. contrary 9. indeed 10. unbelievable 二、能力提升：翻译句子（共6小题，每小题3分，满分18分）

1.I am writing to invite you to serve as the judge of our English speech contest, whose topic is “Love the Earth”. 2. It is expected that the contest will last 2 hours, from 8:30 am to10:30 am on March 25th on the second floor of our school hall.

3.We will be very grateful if you could set aside some time and attend the contest. 4. As an honored guest, you are expected to make a speech at the end of the contest. 5.We are looking forward to seeing you that day. 6.Please contact me if you have any questions.

三、拓展应用：阅读理解（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分） 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D

必修三unit3 短语和句子 参

时间:30分钟 分值:38分 一、基础过关:短语填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 1.bring up 2.As for 3. on the spot 4.stare at 5.on the contrary

6.take a chance 7. account for 8. make a bet 9. To be honest 10.finding fault with 二、能力提升:课文回顾（共10小题，每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

1.a 2. but 3. carried 4. sailing 5. where 6. brought 7. by 8. penniless 9. who 三、拓展应用：阅读理解（共4小题, 每小题2分, 共计8分） 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B

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10. until