Milling machine
Milling machine is mainly used in a milling cutter on the workpiece surface processing machine, as shown in Figure 1. Usually milling cutter rotation movement, the workpiece (and) milling cutter moves for feed movement. It can process a plane, grooved, can process a variety of surfaces, and other gear. Milling machine is used for milling machine milling cutter on the workpiece. Milling machine in addition to milling, Groove, gear, screw and spline shaft, but can also process complex surfaces, high efficiency Planer, are widely used in machinery manufacture and repair sector.
Milling machine is a widely used machine tools, machining on milling machine (horizontal, vertical), channel (t slots, keyways, dovetail), gear parts (gears, splined shaft, sprocket), a spiral-shaped surfaces (threads, flute) and a variety of surfaces. In addition, it also can be used for rotating surface, inner hole machining and cutting work. Milling machine at work, work in a table or index on the annex to the first, milling cutter rotating movement, complemented by bench or milling head feed movement, the workpiece to obtain the desired surface. Because it is a multi-edge cutting and milling machines with higher productivity. In simple terms, milling workpieces milling, drilling and boring machine tool.
Figure 1 milling machine
Milling machine classification
According to the layout and the scope of distinction
1. Knee and column milling machine: universal type, horizontal and vertical, and is mainly used for processing small and medium parts, the most widely used.
2. Gantry milling machine: including milling boring machine, milling planers and double column milling machine, used for machining large parts.
3. Single column milling machine and single-arm milling machine: horizontal milling head can move along the column of the former, work table longitudinal feeding; the latter's vertical milling head can be moved along the cantilever rail level, cantilevered along the column to adjust the height. Both are used for machining large parts.
4. Bed-milling machine: both have a rectangular table and round table, is between lifting platform milling machine and the milling of a medium size milling machine. Movement in the vertical direction by the milling head movements at the post to complete.
5. Instrument Miller: a small knee type milling machine for machining instruments and other small parts.
6. Milling: used for mold and tool making, equipped with vertical milling head, universal angle table and plugs and other accessories, can also carry out the drilling, boring, slotting and other processing. 7. Other milling machines: milling machine, crankshaft keyway milling machines, cam milling machines, ingot milling machine and roll neck milling machine are manufacture special milling machine for the machining of the workpiece.
In terms of structure
(1) type milling machines: small milling instruments, meters and other small parts of the milling machine.
(2) cantilever milling machine: milling head mounted on cantilever milling machines, horizontal bed, cantilevered along the side of the bed moving column vertical milling head moves along the cantilever Guide.
(3) RAM-type milling machine
(4) the Planer-type milling machines: horizontal bed, on both sides of the column and connecting beams of gantry milling machine. Milling head mounted on the beams and columns can be moved along the rail. Usually beams can move along the column vertical table can be moved along the longitudinal bed rail, cargo processing. (5) the plane milling machine
(6) copy milling machine: the workpiece profile machining of the milling machine. Generally used for machining of complex shaped workpiece.
(7) lifting platform milling machine: can be moved along the slideway vertical lift platform milling machine, usually installed in the lift on the Workbench and the saddle can be made vertical and lateral movement.
(8) rocker milling machine (9) bed-type milling machine
(10) the special milling machine: for example, milling: used for milling tool die milling machines, machining high precision machining complicated shapes.
Milling cutter classification
Milling cutters according to purpose, there are several commonly used type. ① cylindrical milling cutter: for the machining of flat surfaces on the horizontal milling machine. Knife located in cutter circle, tooth profile spur and helical gear divided into two. Coarse tooth and fine tooth tooth number two. Small number of helical gear milling cutter with coarse teeth, teeth the intensity is high, chip space, suitable for roughing and milling cutter with fine teeth suitable for finish machining. ② face milling cutter: for vertical milling machine, milling machine or on a gantry milling machines, machining of flat surfaces, end and circle cutters, coarse tooth and fine tooth points. Its structure with integral, tipped and indexable-3. ③ end milling cutter: for machining grooves and level surface, cutters in the circumferential and end face, cannot feed along an axis. When the milling cutter through the
center of the Crown are on may be axial feed (usually double-flute end mill cutter called \"keyway cutter\" axial feed). Black side and face milling cutters: used in a variety of grooves and level surface, its teeth on both sides and circular. ⑤ angle milling cutter: for milling of angled grooves, there are both single and double angle milling cutter. ⑥ saw milling cutter: workpiece for machining grooves and cutting, have more teeth on its circumference. In order to reduce the friction of milling, tool auxiliary angle 15'~1 ° on both sides. In addition, keyway milling cutters dovetail milling cutter with t-slot milling and form milling cutter.
Structures are divided into 4 categories of milling cutter. ① whole: knives and cutters made one. II overall welding gear: cemented carbide cutters or other wear-resistant cutting tool material and solder in the cutter body. ③ Inserts: the cutters by mechanical clamping method of fastening on the tool body. The replaceable cutter teeth can be a solid tool material cutter, Cutter can also be welded cutting tool materials. Cutter sharpening of milling cutters mounted on the cutter body called body-grinding; head individually on the jig-grinding grinding is called in vitro. ④ indexable: this structure has been widely used in surface milling cutter, endmill and side and face milling cutter.
Milling and drilling the difference
Boring and milling machine principle and properties are similar. The rotation is the main movement of the tool and workpiece move feed movement. Boring machine used for processing longer holes, large diameter stepped bore large holes in different locations on the housing parts. Due to the boring boring bar and cutter of high rigidity, therefore machined hole straightness, cylindricity and position were very high. Milling machines can also be boring, but the small, precision is low. Milling machine used for surface, forming surfaces, grooves and other processing.
