1.OfthemillionswhosawHaley’scometin1986,howmanypeoplewilllivelongenoughtoseeitreturninthetwenty-firstcentury.1986年看见哈雷彗星的千百万人当中,有多少人能够长寿到足以目睹它在二十一世纪的回归呢?2.Ingrouptoremaininexistence,aprofit-makingorganizationmust,inthelongrun,producesomethingconsumersconsiderusefulordesirable.任何盈利组织若要生存,最终都必须生产出消费者可用或需要的产品。3.Withmodernofficesbecomingmoremechanized,designersareattemptingtopersonalizethemwithwarmer,lesssevereinteriors.随着现代办公室的日益自动化,设计师们正试图利用较为温暖而不太严肃的内部装饰来使其具有亲切感。4.Thedifferencebetweenlibelandslanderisthatlibelisprintedwhileslanderisspoken.诽谤和流言的区别在于前者是书面的,而后者是口头的。5.Eliminatingproblemsbytransferringtheblametoothersisoftencalledscape-goating.用怪罪别人的办法来解决问题通常被称为寻找替罪羊。6.Themechanismbywhichbraincellsstorememoriesisnotclearlyunderstood.大脑细胞储存记忆的机理并不为人明白。7.Bythemiddleofthetwentiethcentury,paintersandsculptorsintheUnitedStateshadbeguntoexertagreatworldwideinfluenceoverart.到了二十一世纪中叶,美国画家和雕塑家开始在世界范围内对艺术产生重大影响。8.Becauseitsleavesremaingreenlongafterbeingpicked,rosemarybecameassociatedwiththeideaofremembrance.采摘下的迷迭香树叶常绿不衰,因此人们把迷迭香树与怀念联系在一起。9.Futurism,anearlytwentieth-centurymovementinart,rejectedalltraditionsandattemptedtoglorifycontemporarylifebyemphasizingthemachineandmotion.未来主义,二十世纪早期的一个艺术思潮。拒绝一切传统,试图通过强调机械和动态来美化生活。10.Thewallflowerissocalledbecauseitsweakstemsoftengrowonwallsandalongstonycliffsforsupport.墙花之所以叫墙花,是因为其脆弱的枝干经常要靠墙壁或顺石崖生长,以便有所依附。11.Itistheinteractionbetweenpeople,ratherthantheeventsthatoccurintheirlives,thatisthemainfocusofsocialpsychology.社会心理学的主要焦点是人与人之间的交往,而不是他们各自生活中的事件。12.Notuntil1866wasthefullysuccessfultransatlanticcablefinallylaid.直到1866年第一条横跨大西洋的电缆才完全成功的架通。13.Childrenwithparentswhoseguidanceisfirm,consistent,andrationalareinclinedtopossesshighlevelsofself-confidence.父母的教导如果坚定,始终如一和理性,孩子就有可能充满自信。14.Anarchismisatermdescribingaclusterofdoctrinesandattitudeswhoseprincipalunitingfeatureisthebeliefthatgovernmentisbothharmfulandunnecessary.无主义这个词描述的是一堆理论和态度,它们的主要共同点在于相信是有害的,没有必要的。15.Perfectlymatchedpearls,strungintoanecklace,bringafarhigherpricethanthesamepearlstoldindividually.相互般配的珍珠,串成一条项链,就能卖到比单独售出好得多的价钱。16.Beforestartingonaseavoyage,prudentnavigatorslearntheseacharts,studythesailingdirections,andmemorizelighthouselocationstopreparethemselvesforanyconditionstheymightencounter.谨慎的航海员在出航前,会研究航向,记录的灯塔的位置,以便对各种可能出现的情况做到有备无患。17.Theapplicationofelectroniccontrolsmadepossiblebythemicroprocessorandcomputerstoragehavemultipliedtheusesofthemoderntypewriter.电脑储存和由于电子微处理机得以实现的电控运用成倍的增加了现代打字机的功能。18.Eventhoughtheprecisequalitiesofheroinliterarywordsmayvaryovertime,thebasicexemplaryfunctionoftheheroseemstoremainconstant.历代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋,但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。19.Asaresultofwhatisnowknowinphysicsandchemistry,scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.物理学和化学的一个成果是使得科学家们能在生物学和医学上获得重大发现。20.TheUnitedStatesConstitutionrequiresthatPresidentbeanatural-borncitizen,thirty-fiveyearsofageorolder,whohaslivedintheUnitedStatesforaminimumoffourteenyears.美国要求总统是生于美国本土的公民,三十五岁以上,并且在美国居住了至少十四年。21.Thereisonlyonedifferencebetweenanoldmanandayoungone:theyoungmanhasagloriousfuturebeforehimandoldonehasasplendidfuturebehindhim:andmaybethatiswheretherubis.老人和年轻人之间只有一个区别:年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来,老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。这也许就是困难之所在。22.Thebeaverchewsdowntreestogetfoodandmaterialwithwhichtobuilditshome.水獭啃倒树木,以便取食物并获得造窝的材料。23.Tartingaround7000B.C.,andforthenextfourthousandyears,muchoftheNorthernHemisphereexperiencedtemperatureswarmerthanatpresent.大约从公元前七千年开始,在四千年当中,北半球的温度比现在高24.Oftenveryannoyingweeds,goldenrodscrowdoutlesshardyplantsandactashoststomanyinsectpests.花通常令人生厌,它挤走不那么顽强的植物,并找来很多害虫。25.Snowaidsfarmersbykeepingheartinthelowergroundlevels,therebysavingtheseedsfromfreezing.雪对农民是一种帮助,因为它保持地层土壤的温度,使种子不致冻死。26.Notonlycanwalkingfishliveoutofwater,buttheycanalsotravelshortdistancesoverland.鲇鱼不仅可以离开水存活,还可以在岸上短距离移动。27.Thepigmentationofapearlisinfluencedbythetypeofoysterinwhichitdevelopsandbythedepth,temperature,andthesaltcontentofthewaterinwhichtheoysterlives.珍珠的色泽受到作为其母体牡蛎种类及牡蛎生活水域的深度,温度和含盐度的制约。28.Accordingtoanthropologists,theearliestancestorsofhumansthatstooduprightresembledchimpanzeesfacially,withslopingforeheadsandprotrudingbrows.根据人类学家的说法,直立行走的人的鼻祖面部轮廓与黑猩猩相似,额头后倾,眉毛突出。29.Quailstypicallyhaveshortroundedwingsthatenablethemtospringintofullflightinstantlywhendisturbedintheirhidingplaces.典型的鹌鹑都长有短而圆的翅膀,凭此他们可以在受惊时一跃而起,飞离它们的躲藏地。30.ThecontinentaldividereferstoanimaginarylineintheNorthAmericanRockiesthatdividesthewatersflowingintotheAtlanticOceanfromthoseflowingintothePacific.分水岭是指北美洛矶山脉上的一道想象线,该线把大西洋流域和太平洋流域区分开来。31.Anthropologistshavediscoveredthatfear,happiness,sadness,andsurpriseareuniversallyreflectedinfacialexpressions.人类学家们已经发现,恐惧,快乐,悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色,这在全人类是共通的。32.Acidsarechemicalcompoundsthat,inwatersolution,haveasharptaste,acorrosiveactiononmetals,andtheabilitytoturncertainbluevegetabledyesred.酸是一种化合物,它在溶于水时具有强烈的气味和对金属的腐蚀性,并且能够使某些蓝色植物染料变红。33.Anthropologyisascienceinthatanthropologistsusearigoroussetofmethodsandtechniquestodocumentobservationsthatcanbecheckedbyothers.人类学是一门科学,因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果,而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。34.Thechieffoodseateninanycountrydependlargelyonwhatgrowsbestinitsclimateandsoil.一个国家的主要食物是什么,大体取决于什么作物在其天气和土壤条件下生长得最好。35.Mostsubstancecontractwhentheyfreezesothatthedensityofasubstance’ssolidishigherthanthedensityofitsliquid.大多数物质遇冷收缩,所以他们的密度在固态时高于液态。36.Althoughapparentlyrigid,bonesexhibitadegreeofelasticitythatenablestheskeletontowithstandconsiderableimpact.骨头看起来是脆硬的,但它也有一定的弹性,使得骨骼能够承受相当的打击。37.Theeliminationofinflationwouldensurethattheamountofmoneyusedinrepayingaloanwouldhavethesamevalueastheamountofmoneyborrowed.消除通货膨胀应确保还贷的钱应与所贷款的价值相同。38.Buyersandsellersshouldbeawareofnewdevelopmentsintechnologycananddoesaffectmarketingactivities.购买者和销售者都应该留意技术的新发展,原因很简单,因为技术能够并且已经影响着营销活动。39.Scientistsdonotknowwhydinosaursbecameextinct,butsometheoriespostulatethatchangersingeography,climate,andsealevelswereresponsible.科学家不知道恐龙为何绝种了,但是一些理论推断是地理,气候和海平面的变化造成的。40.Ifindyoungpeopleexciting.Theyhaveanairoffreedom,andtheyhavenotadrearycommitmenttomeanambitionsorlovecomfort.Theyarenotanxioussocialclimbers,andtheyhavenodevotiontomaterialthings.我们位年强人振奋。它们带有自由的气息,他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜以求。他们不是焦虑的向上爬的人,他们不会对物质性的东西难舍难分。41.Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量,并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。42.(Thisis)Adesiretothrowoverrealityalightthatneverwasmightgiveawayabruptlytothedesireonthepartofwhatwemightconsideranovelist-scientisttorecordexactlyandconcretelythestructureandtextureofaflower.照亮现实的欲望,此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望,后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。44.Hardy’sweaknessderivedfromhisapparentinabilitytocontrolthecomingsandgoingsofthesedivergentimpulsesandfromhisunwillingnesstocultivateandsustaintheenergeticandriskyones.哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的,无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。45.VirginiaWoolf’sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwritingMrs.Dallowayhasregularlybeenignoredbythecritics,sinceithighlightsanaspectofherliteraryinterestsverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthe\"poetic\"novelistconcernedwithexaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfollowingtheintricatepathwaysofindividualconsciousness.在创作《黛洛维夫人》(Mrs.Dalloway)时有关其创作意图的这番发人深思的陈述,迄今为止一贯为文学评论家们所忽略,因为它突出反映了她诸多文学兴趣中某一方面,而这一方面则与人们对“诗性”小说家(poeticnovelist)所形成的传统见解大相径庭。所谓的“诗性”小说家,所关注的是审视想入非非和白日梦幻的诸般状态,并致力于追寻个体意识的通幽曲径。46.AssheputitinTheCommonReader,“ItissafetosaythatnotasinglelawhasbeenframedoronestonesetuponanotherbecauseofanythingChaucersaidorwrote;andyet,aswereadhim,weareabsorbingmoralityateverypore.”就像她在《致普通读者》一书中所表达的那样,“尽管可以毫无疑问的说,没有任何法律被指定出来,也没有任何高楼大厦被建立起来是因为乔叟说了什么或者写了什么;然而,当我们读它的书的时候,我们身上每一个毛孔都充满了道德”。47.Withtheconclusionofaburstactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerabletoattackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent(inpart)backtothemusclesforglycogenresynthesis.随着爆发出来的运动的结束,再体液中乳酸含量会变得很高,使得大型动物处于容易受到攻击的状态,直到乳酸通过有氧新陈代谢,被肝脏转化成(convertinto)葡萄糖,而葡萄糖接下来又会(部分)传送回肌肉中重新合成糖原。48.AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent,heshowsthattheslavespreference,revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.虽然古特曼承认,由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁,但他还是证明,奴隶的偏爱--在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来--在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制(monogamy)。49.GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof-andsowascrucialinsustaining-theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.古特曼人令人信服地论辨道,黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去,因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用,而对于这种文化遗产,黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。50.Thispreferenceforexogamy,Gutmansuggests,mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanrulesgoverningmarriage,which,thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother,allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin.古特曼表示,这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定,尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同,但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻(unionwithclosekin)的禁止。
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