初中英语形容词副词比较级和最高级知识总
结.doc
-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
形容词的比较等级和最高等级：
形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 规则变化：
1．单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成 情况 构成方式 原级 比较级 new newer 一般情况 加-er或-est long longer fine finer 以e 结尾的词 加-r或-st late later earlier 以“辅音+y” 结尾的词 变y为i再加-er 或-est early happy happier hotter 重读闭音节的词末尾先双写辅音字母，再加-hot thin thinner 只有一个辅音字母 er或-est fat fatter 2． 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。如： 原级 比较级 最高级
useful more useful most useful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 3．有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化： 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / ill many / much little old worse more less worst most least 最高级 newest longest finest latest earliest happiest hottest thinnest fattest older（新旧或年龄）/elder（兄弟姐妹的长oldest/ eldest 幼关系） far farther（表示距离，译为“更远”）/ furtherfarthest/ furthest （表示程度，译为“进一步的”） 总结为“两好，两坏，两多，一少，一老，一远” 不规则。 注意：few--fewer--fewest healthy--healthier----healthiest friendly---friendlier---friendliest crowded---more crowded---most crowded 改错：1，Lesson 9 is more easier than Lesson 10. 2， My mother is younger than your. 3， He is one of longest boys in his class. 4，The boy doesn’t draw much well.
5，Betty is the youngest on the three girls.
6，Tom runs faster than any other girl in his class. 7，There is fewer bread in the fridge. 8. Mother is the busiest of my family. 9，Jim is shorter of the two boys. 10，You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth. （一） 形容词比较级的用法
1．形容词的比较级可以单独使用： Be more careful next time. 下次小心点。 Which book is better 哪本书更好
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2．也可以和than连用，表示两者相比，than后可以跟： a. 名词或代词： He is older than me / I . 他年龄比我大。
b. 动名词：Skiing is more exciting than skating. 滑雪比滑冰更刺激。 c. 从句： I was a better singer than he was. 我唱歌比他好。 （二） 形容词比较级的修饰语
修饰形容词,副词比较级的常用修饰词有:no, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, any等. 只用于修饰比较级的： much; still; even
在否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中,修饰形容词,副词的比较级,只能用any来修饰.
He can't jump any higher. 他不能跳得更高了. Can he jump any higher 他能跳得更高一些吗
Do you feel any better today 你今天感觉好一点了吗
If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.如果你能跳得更高些,我就奖励你. 注意：比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：
My sister is ten years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小十岁。
句型1：as+形容词原形+as This jacket is as beautiful as that one.
句型2. not as+形容词原形+as 或 not so+形容词原形+as “前者不及／不如 后者 This school is not as beautiful as that one.
表达前者不如后者还可以用： less +原级+than This school is less beautiful than that one。 句型3 ：1）表示“是......的几倍时” ......倍数+as 原级as.......
This garden is ten times as large as that one。这个花园是那个的九倍大。 倍数的表达：once ; twice ; three times; four times....... 2）表示“比...多几倍” 倍数 + 比较级+than ....
His garden is 9 times larger than that one.他的花园比那个大九倍。
句型4 ：比较级+than any other+单数名词 “比其他的任何一个...”He is taller than any other boy in his class.
比较级+than (all)the other+复数名词 “比其他的...” He is taller than the other boys in his class. 句型5 ： the +比较级+of the two…(the twins.) “两个中较....” Amy is the shorter of the two girls. 句型6 ：(单音节)比较级 + and + 比较级” （多音节）“more and more +原级”， 越来越…… better and better fatter and fatter more and more beautiful
句型7 ：the 比较级+句子， the 比较级+句子 越……， 越……。The harder you study, the better grades you will get.
（三）最高级的使用 (三者或三者以上) 形容词的最高级要加定冠词the , 副词最高级可省略the, 句型1：the+最高级+ of /in
a. in 表示“在…内(指某范围内)” 可以跟表示单位,组织,时间等单数名词. My mother is the busiest in my family
b. of表示属性(指在同类的人,物中)后可接 Jim works hardest of us all. Of the mountains , this is the highest.
句型2 ： One of+the+最高级+名词复数 “最……的……之一”
One of the most important languages is English. 最重要的语言之一是英语。 句型3 the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+in短语 “在……中是第几个……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
1. 比较级中为了避免重复，常用one/that/those替代名词。 往往指与前面同类而不是同一个的事物。
This pen is shorter than that one. The weather here is much hotter than that of Shanghai. The cars made in Tianjin is much more popular than those in Shanghai.
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