八年级上册英语课堂笔记(7-10单元)

Unit 7 Will people have robots

1， will表将来

肯定：主语+ will+ V原

否定：主语+ will not (won’t)+ V原

疑问：will+主语+ V原

There be的将来时：there will be there won’t be Will there be

2， Do you know+ 陈述语序 回答时，针对从句部分回答

—Do you know there will be a football match this afternoon?

—Yes, there will./ No, there won’t

3， at home in one’s home

4，paper[UC]纸张 a piece of paper paper [C]报纸（=newspaper）、论文、试卷

5，In+时间段是指以现在时间为起点的\"在一段时间以后\"，也可以表示\"在将来多少时间之内\"，句中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态。

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After常常指以过去时间为起点的\"在一段时间之后\"，After+时间段常与过去时态连用。当after+时间点，可以与将来时态连用。

Later 是副词， \"一段时间+later\"表示\"一段时间之后\"，用于过去时；如果单独使用，可与将来时或过去时连用。Later on后来

6，pollute v.污染

Pollution [UC] 污染 white/ air/ water/ noise pollution

Polluted adj. 被污染的 polluted water

7，predict v.预测 prediction n.预测

8，on the earth在地球上 on earth究竟 in the earth在地里

9，save拯救 save the earth

节约 save water/ money

10，few-fewer-fewest+ [C] little-less-least+ [UC]

few, little含有否定意味，意味\"几乎没有\"

a few, a little含有肯定意味，意味\"一点，一些\"

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11，Space[UC]太空，空间，一般情况下不与冠词连用，如果space前面有表示太空情况的形容词（如dark,cold,airless）修饰，则可与定冠词连用。Space[C]空间，空地(=room)

Room[C]房间；[UC]空间 Make room for...为...腾出空间

Place[C] 指某一具体\"地点，地方\"

12，hundred，thousand(千),million(百万)表示不确切的数目时，在词尾加s,且和of连用，表示\"数百，数千，数百万\"。

当这些词前有数词或several,some等修饰词时则不加s,也不跟介词of连用，直接跟名词。

13，in the future在将来 in future= from now on从今往后

14，I/ We believe接宾语从句，含有否定时要用否定转移

Believe sb相信某人所为 believe in信任某人的为人，信仰

15，over and over again反复，再三

16，get bored觉得无聊

17，wake up醒来，叫醒（动副结构）

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18，fall down倒塌,

19，During指\"在...时间内，在...的期间\"，一般有明确的时间长度和起止时间。谓语动词常为持续性的动作或状态，时间段前常有限定词（the,物主代词等），表特指。during指动作所发生的时间，回答when的问题。

In \"在...时间内\"，一般情况下可以和during互换，用in时往往强调某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点；during既可用在\"在整个时间段期间\"，也可用在\"某时间段内的某个时间点\"。

For\"（时间）长达...\"，强调时间由始至终，动作也贯穿这段时间的始终，可以和完成时或过去时连用。强调持续时间的长短，回答how long的问题

Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake

1， 可数名词[C]与不可数名词[UC]

●[C]有复数形式，可以与定冠词a/ an连用 a pen an orange

[UC]没有复数形式，不可以与定冠词a/ an连用

●[C]表示复数意义时可用many，a few等词修饰。如：many apples；a few pens

[UC]则要用much、a little等词修饰。如： much meat ；little water

这两类名词都可以被some、any、a lot of(lost of)等修饰。

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● [C]前面可用具体的数字修饰 three books

[UC]要用“数字+量词+of”修饰 a cup of tea，a piece of paper/ news/ chalk，a bottle of milk

● [C]做主语，主谓一致 There is a book and two pens on the desk.

There are two pens and a book on the desk.

[UC]做主语，谓语动词用单数 There is some milk in the bottle.

[UC]做主语，如果前面有复数名词短语修饰，谓语动词用复数。

There are two bottles of milk on the table.

● 对[C]提问用how many How many bananas do we need?

对[UC]提问用how much How much sugar do we need？

[UC前面有表示数量的名词短语修饰时，提问用how many

How many cups of tea are there on the table?

● 有的名词，既可以做[C]又可以做[UC]

Fish鱼，鱼类 →鱼肉

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Room房间 →空间

Chicken小鸡 →鸡肉

Orange橙子 →橙汁

Work作品，著作 →工作

Exercise练习，操 →运动，锻炼

Time次数，倍数 →时间

Glass玻璃杯 →玻璃

Paper报纸，论文，试卷 →纸张

Hair几根毛发 →毛发总称

（fish鱼，单复数同形，one fish一条鱼，two fish两条鱼；two fishes两种鱼）

2， 祈使句要用动词原形，变否定加Don’t

3， Turn on打开 turn off关闭 turn up调大，出现 turn down调小，拒绝

4， Cut up切碎= cut…into pieces cut sth in two/ half将某物切成两半

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5， Pour…into… 把…倒进…里 pour…out把…倒出来

6， Put…in/ into… 把…放进…里 put on穿上 put out熄灭 put down放下 put up举起，搭建 put away把…收起来放好 put off推迟

7， Make创造、生产、制造，指用原材料做某种东西

Do干、做，指做具体某项工作

有关make 的短语：make up编造（故事、谎言） make the bed铺床 make tea沏茶 make a telephone call打电话 make one’s way to往…走去make room for为…腾空间 make faces做鬼脸 make (a lot of )money赚（许多）钱 make a decision做决定

make sure务必 make trouble惹麻烦 make friends交朋友 make progress取得进步make a living谋生make a visit拜访 make a mistake犯错误make a noise弄出噪音

make up one’s mind to do sth下决心 make it约定时间，及时赶到，做到

8，First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…….最后……

9，ten more minutes = another ten minutes

基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词

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10，need to do sth.需要做某事

Need doing= need to be done需要被…

Needn’t= don’t have to 不必要

11，add…to…把…加到…上

Add to增加、添加 add up把…加在一起 add up to合计

12，half a/ an… 一半的… half a cup半杯

Half of+ n 做主语，谓语动词取决于后面的n

Eg：Half of the books are novels.

Half of his money was stolen.

13，be always doing sth总是做某事,

14，It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。

It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。

There’s no time to do sth 没有时间做某事

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15，在here, there 开头的倒装句中，谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致。

Eg：Here are some books for you.

Here comes the bus.

主语为代词时，不需要倒装。Eg：Here he comes.

16，mix…into/ to… 把…混合进…里 mix up（动副结构）把…混合在一起

17，fill A with B 用B填充A A be filled with B = be full of 充满….

The boy filled the bottle with sand. / The bag was full of clothes.

18，cover A with B 用B把A覆盖 A be covered with B A被B所覆盖

Ann covered her face with her hands. / Ann’s face was covered with her hands.

cover n.封面，盖子 The cover of the magazine is nice.

19，with和，带有 without没有

With+ n +介词 表伴随 The teacher came in with a smile on her face.

20，serve sb (with) sth serve sth to sb把某物提供给某人，招待某人某物

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Serve up 端上食物

21，have/ run a temperature发烧 take one’s temperature给某人量体温

22，one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次

23，for a long time很长时间

Unit 9 Can you come to my party？

1，

邀请：Can/ Could you……?

Would you like/ love to……?

Shall we……?

Will you please……?

接受：Sure/ Certainly/ Yes/ With pleasure/ Of course/ I’d love to / That sound great /Thank you for inviting(asking) me/ It’s very kind (nice) of you.

拒绝： Sorry, I can’t. But……/ I’m afraid not./ I’d love to, but…… / Sorry, I’m afraid I can’t.

2，

prepare for sth为…做准备 prepare to do sth 准备做某事

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prepare sb for sth 使某人对某物有所准备 prepare sb to do sth使某人准备做某事

prepare sb sth= prepare sth for sb为某人准备某物

be prepared for sth= get ready for sth为某事做好了准备

3，

have the flu患流感 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽

have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛

4，

pass the exam考试通过 fail (in) the exam考试不及格 take/ do an

exam参加考试

5，

available 人做主语意为“有空的，能够出席的”

物做主语意为“有效的，有用的，可获得的”

6，

invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to a place邀请某人去某地

7，

not…until…直到…才…

8，

hang out / around/ about常去某地、闲逛 hang up挂电话，悬挂，挂起 hang

on紧紧抓住 hang-hung-hung

9，

catch the bus赶公交车 catch one’s meaning理解某人的意思 catch up

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with赶上

catch fire着火 catch a cold感冒 catch you = bye catch sb’s eye引起某人注意

catch hold of抓住 catch-caught

10，accept接受，反义词为：refuse。accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。

Eg：I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’t like to accept it.

11，refuse to do sth拒绝做某事

12，the day before yesterday 前天 the day after tomorrow后天

13，What’s today? 今天几号，星期几？

What’s the date today?今天几号？

What day is it today?今天星期几？

14，turn down 拒绝、调小

15，take a trip

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16，at the end of在…末尾，在…尽头 by the end of到…末为止 in the end终于

17，be glad to do sth很高兴做某事

18，leave for出发前往某地 leave A for B离开A去B

19，have a surprise party for sb

20，so that 以便

21，look forward to期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语

look forward to doing sth期待做某事

22，hear from sb收到某人的来信 = get/ receive a letter from sb.

hear of = hear about 听说

23，reply in writing 书面回复 reply to sth/sb. 对…..作出回答

Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

1， 主将从现：if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时

2， have a great /good/ excellent/ wonderful/ nice/ pleasant time= have

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fun= enjoy oneself+V-ing

3， 交通工具的表达：take+限定词+交通工具take the bus乘公共汽车

By+交通工具 by bus乘公共汽车

In/ on+限定词+交通工具 in the car on the plane

On foot步行

4， do/ does/ did代替前文出现的事

eg：I think I’ll take the bus to the party. If you do, you’ll be late

5， let sb in/ out（动副结构）让某人进去/出来

6， tomorrow night明天晚上

7， hold/ have a meeting开会 attend a meeting出席会议 call a meeting召开会议

meeting place会场

8， half the class一半的同学

9， organize v.组织，筹备 organized adj.有组织的 organizer n.组

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织者 organization n.组织、团体、机构

10，order food点餐 in order(not) to do为了（不） in the order按顺序

order sb (not) to do命令某人（不）做某事 take one’s order点餐

11，疑问词+不定式做宾语 eg：I don’t know what to do= I don’t know how to do it

I can’t decide where to go.

12，be upset about/ that 对…感到难过

13，give sb. some advice给某人提一些建议 take/ follow one’s advice听从某人的意见

Advice[UC] suggestion [C]

Advise v.建议 advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事

14，travel around the world环游世界

15，keep…to oneself保守秘密

16，in life 在生活中

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17，agree/ disagree with sb同意/不同意某人

18，be angry with sb.生某人的气 be angry at/about sth.因某事生气

19，make careless mistakes犯粗心的错误 by mistake错误地 mistake A for B错把A当B

20，be afraid of sb/ sth害怕某人/某物 be afraid of doing sth害怕/担心某事发生

be afraid to do sth不敢做某事 be afraid for为…担心 be afraid (that)恐怕…（让对方失望）

21，it is best (not) do= had better (not) do 最好（不）做某事

22，run awayfrom逃避；逃跑

23，the first step第一步 step by step一步步、循序渐进

24，in half分成两半

25，solve a problem解决问题

26，experience [C]经历 [UC]经验 v.经历

By experience从经验中 extract experience from 从…中获取经验

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lack experience缺乏经验 sum up experience总结经验

27，其他的else放在不定代词、疑问词后 something else what else

Other+ n复数 other students

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