9.
Cultural differences on the bus: 1. Old and young;
2. Pregnant and handicapped; 10
Million; thousands; hundreds
It’s like a million people flying in around the world.
Our house had been in Mama’s family since her grandpa’s grandpa’s grandpa had come across the ocean about a thousand years ago.
I’ve told you a hundred times that today I’ll come back late. 11.
His back is as crooked as a politician. Crook n.
1. A crook is a dishonest person or a criminal. The man is a crook and a liar.
2. The crook of your arm or leg is the soft inside part where you bend your elbow or knee. She hid her face in the crook of her arm. Crook v.
If you crook your arm or finger, you bend it.
He crooked his finger: \"Come forward,\" he said. Crooked adj.
1. If you describe something as crooked, especially something that is usually straight, you mean
that it is bent or twisted.
The map on the wall is a bit crooked .
2. A crooked smile is uneven and bigger on one side than the other. Polly gave her a crooked grin.
3. If you describe a person or an activity as crooked, you mean that they are dishonest or
criminal
He is clearly a crooked cop.
12. Pun (Ë«¹ØÓï)
Definition: 1. “also play on words;
2. An amusing use of a word or phrase that has two meanings, or words with the same sound but different meanings. For example:
咸菜煎豆腐——有言(盐)在先
Seven days without water make one weak’(=1 week) 13.
Classification
1. Homophonic puns谐音双关 2. Homographic puns 词义双关 A. Homonyms同形异义 B. Polysemy一词多义 3. Asteismus岐解双关 14.
Functions of puns
①. 用于广告文体，作为一种特殊的交际模式，有其明显的目的性，而双关语又具有简洁凝练风趣幽默，新颖别致等语用效果，能够突出广告的特点，广告商利用语言文字同音或同义，同音异义的关系，使一句话关涉两件事，一明一暗，一真一假，即引人注日，又引起联想、
Money doesn't grow on trees. But it blossoms at our branches. Money doesn't grow on trees. But it blossoms at our branches. 钱长在树上不行，但在我们这“行”行!
这是英国劳埃德银行((Loyd Bank)外路牌广告其中branch一词有双重含义:一为字而含义，承接上句中的tree指树枝;而更深一层的含义则为分行、支行，即该银行的各个分支机构、事实上这个)’告的真正意图是写召人们将钱存到劳埃德银行。因此该)’告的言外之意是:把钱存到劳埃德银行吧.在那里钱会不断增值。 又如:Ask for More
这是摩尔香烟在广告语中树立的双关典范、它巧妙地使用一词的双重意义:more是一个副词，表示‘更加，更多”;首字母大写
之后，变成了品牌名称，表示‘摩尔”、这则广告使人们轻松记住了商品的品牌，同时又给人留下难忘的幽默:‘再来一支，还抽摩尔”。
②. 用于日常生话在口常生话中双关是很常见的，使用者可以更为巧妙和幽默地表达隐含的“特殊”意义，使之不太过直白。
“Forth floor\ “Here you are, son.\"
“How dare yon call me ‘son’?’，
“Sir, I called, or whatever. I‘ve brought you up anyway. 对乘客一开始的出言不逊，电梯管理员并没有以牙还牙地吼叫，而是利用双关语反唇相讥一“bring up ;(把你带上来;把你抚养成人)，让这个无礼的乘客无言以对。 ③. 用于谜语中双关用于谜语中使谜语更加隐秘、有内涵 ----Which runs faster, heat or cold?
----Heat runs faster, because you can easily catch cold.
这里。Cold本意是冷，而它和catch”抓住”在一起则表示”感冒”了，热没有类似的用法，所以热和冷相比较，热要跑得。
④. 用于笑话中笑话中使用双关，使语言更加俏皮和更有幽默性. ---What did the telephone girl say to you when she broke the engagement. ---She said: \"Ring off.“
电话女郎在切断电话是跟你说什么了? 她说:“把戒指拿下来。”
这是由两个双关词组构成的两个习语、Break the
engagement意为解除婚姻;或电话打完后切断电话. Ring off的意思是把戒指拿下来;或挂断电话。这两个习语同样也是一词多义的现象来引起歧义.
Judge: “What made you think that you could park your car there?” Tourist: “Well, there was a big sign that read: ‘Fine for Parking.’” “你怎么想把车子停在那里？”
“喔，那里有个大牌子，上面写着‘停车的好地方。（停车罚款）’” 原文：Professor of physics: What is matter?
Student: Never mind.
Professor: Then what is mind? Student: It doesn’t matter.
译文：物理教授：“什么是物质？”（“你怎么啦？”） 学生：“它不是精神。”（“不要紧。”）
教授：“那什么是精神？”（“那你介意什么？”） 学生：“它不是物质。”（“我不介意什么。”）
The professor tapped on his desk and shouted, “Gentle men, Order!” The entire class yelled, “beer!”
教授敲着桌子大声说：“先生们，安静！”全班一致回答“啤酒”
⑤. 文学作品中。在英语文学作品中双关语有着广泛的应用，对于刻画人物性格起到很大的作用、
如:海明威的着名小说A Farewell to Arms，标题中的arms ,很多西力评论家指出是一语双关、Arms是多义词，联系小说内容,arms具有双重含义，一层意义为武器，象征帝国主义战争;另一层意义为手臂，象征爱情、同时，这也与小说本身的两大主题相符:战争与爱情、小说 的标题具备了双重含义:永别了，武器; 同时，永别了，爱情、 15. Puzzles
1. --When can a person become two persons?
--When one is so angry that he is besides himself. Or --When he doubles up with laughter. 2. --When a man feels girlish?
--When he makes his maiden speech.
3. --When is a very angry man like a clock of fifty minutes past twelve？ --When he is just going to strike one. 4. –Why shouldn’t you believe a man in bed? --Because he is always lying.
5. –When did the blind man suddenly see? --When he took up a hammer and saw.
6. –How would a greedy man punctuate “I saw a one-hundred-dollar bill on the sidewalk?” --He would just make a dash after it. 16. Quiz
1. I was arrested at the airport. Just because I was greeting my cousin Jack! All that I said was \"Hi Jack\
7. I wanna take care of my little sister. 8. I’ve gotta study tonight. 9. she’s gotta work overtime. 10. Would ya do me a favor? 11. Hope to see ya again! 12. See ya!
13. Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get.
