雅思经典词汇以及替换词

Reassure(安慰/消除疑虑/使恢复信心/使安心) Witness Stagnate Outwit Beware Dabble Outnumber

Revitalize（复苏，振兴） Intrigue 引起…的兴趣 Unfold

Adorn 装饰、佩戴

Marvel （vi or vt）=astonish 对…感到惊奇

Fulfill 履行，实现/满足 Appreciate (体会) Trigger （引发） Cherish Intertwine Expire

Abstain 有意回避/弃权（投票） ~ from 戒除

Be prone to=be inclined to=tend to 倾向于(have a favorable attitude towards …) Reckon

Serve(the purpose)=do good to Encounter

Endeavor=try hard to obliterate Incur Prosecute

Pose (a problem /question) 造成（问题）/提出疑问

Place…in （someone in a difficult position/plight） (将某人)置于(困难的境地)/寄希望于 Place=put 放 Attain 达到（目的，标准）- achieve 实现

Contribute to=lead to = cause = bring about 促成， 造成

Entail 客观上需要（代替need） Abound (happiness abounds in hard work)

Disseminate （传播，弘扬知识，文化，精神等）

Deteriorate 恶化

Represent=mean 意味着 undergo=experience 经历

Uphold=in favor of=endorse=support 支持

Barrier=impede=hinder 阻碍

Tailor=cater for (one’s taste/need) 调整使适应

Cater(满足需要或欲望；提供饮食) Prevail jeopardize

Seize 抓住(机遇)

Seek for 寻求（发展）

Orient to使明确位置，使熟悉某物，正确的判断,约等于acquaint with（～products to the needs of market） Motivate

Nourish 怀有情绪并增长（hope, dream, notion, idea） nourish the dream of having an entirely tidy world Mushroom/burgeon 猛增 Conceive 设想/认为

Hype （n & v, 大肆宣传） Envisage

1.展望——future, circumstance 2.设想=conceive

3.面对，约等于face with——challenge, dilemma

Contaminate

Exemplify 1. 举例说明(To exemplify what I mean, let’s put a slant on…) 2. 是…的典型，约等于epitomize Favor

Epitomize 集中体现，成为（某事物）的缩影 ~the popular conception of life in the public Disregard 漠视 Beautify=embellish

Avail 有益于/有助于(1. avail oneself of something 利用某物~oneself of every opportunity to enrich your scope of knowledge./ Money will not avail you after you are dead.)

Bolster(支持~ism/theory,支撑局面等，鼓励) ～the booming picture,

Adhere to 遵守(adhere 还有粘附的意思)

Facilitate=hasten加快,促进～work/process Facilitate=make it

convenient 使便利 Bump into yield

Define/determine 界定 Economic factors determine the progress which a society can make. Spice 使增添乐趣

Specialize 专门从事，专攻 Enrich Imitate

Espouse 拥护（事业，信仰，生活方式）

Brainstorm

Prioritize 优先考虑/理出优先顺序 Propound=propose （doing something）

Perceive 察觉，把…理解成 Endow 赋予 Reiterate Integrate

Unload （burden） Treasure (opportunity) Lie in 基于在…的情况 Evoke——memory, feeling, imagination Overemphasize Cry for 迫切需要 Ameliorate Eye 着眼于

Consistently maintain 坚持主张 Concede 不情愿的承认 Discount 不考虑/不全信

Discredit 使怀疑/败坏…的名声/使不相信

Contemplate/mull 仔细考虑 minimize——maximize ensue 继而发生

envision

B.名词

Aspiration

Assertion (There is a few data to back up this ~.) Inspiration Whereabouts Replica

Ascendancy (have/gain the ascendancy over 获得压倒性优势) Outcome

Plea /托词

Initiative 首创性/主动性（注意是名词） Priority Privilege touch thought

Mechanism 机制

Hierarchy 层次，阶层——learning ~, social~, a sense of~(层次观念)， Cohesion Status symbol Endeavor

Insight/perception Edification

Ingredient/building block Grip 控制力/紧握/控制 作动词时：吸引/紧握 Milestone Cornerstone

Triumph 代替achievement Landmark 标志性建筑/里程碑 Misconduct

Resilience 适应能力/应变能力/恢复力

recession

Life expectancy/life span 平均寿命 Discretion

Millennium 千禧年，一千年 believe in the approach of the millennium of peace and happiness

Stereotype (conform to) 陈见，老一套的见解（的人），不好的旧习（racial, sexual） Hospitality

Recipe/knack 诀窍 Elite

Embryo 萌芽状态 Cradle Core

Crunch time 关键时刻 Momentum 动力/势头 Ground

Specialty 招牌菜/专业 Commodity 代替product Facade

Dilemma, 约等于hassle(困难的事，麻烦事/激烈的辩论)

Approach=gateway方法，途径 Consciousness=awareness

Setback/frustration/discouragement

挫折 reverse 逆境 Well-being

Trait 代替character Tableau 戏剧性的场面 Exhilaration Delinquency

Severity 艰苦的环境/严酷 Fabric 代替 structure(构造) Apparatus(器械/组织,机构) Prevalence metropolis Microcosm Crossroad Challenge

Prerequisite/necessity

Offspring，descendent 子女，后代 Commercialization

Disorientation 方向迷失 Cybercrime 网络犯罪

Upbringing/ cultivation/nurture

Refinement 优雅的举止（装置的改进）

Backbone(支柱) Peril

Deprivation （perils of deprivation） mainstream Blueprint(蓝图)

Threshold 门槛，开始（喻） Likelihood

The likelihood that animals living in forests will become extinct is increased when the forest are cut down.

C.形容词

Ongoing/progressive 不断前进的，正在进行中的（过程/工作） Everlasting

Energetic 充满活力的，精力充沛的 Redundant因人员过剩而被解雇的,多余的

Foolproof 万无一失的 Miraculous Traumatic Premier Stubborn Persuasive

Spontaneous天真率直的、自然的、无意识的 Extrovert Tangible

Feasible=available Spacious friendlier Leftover

Irreplaceable(historical significance) Vigorous 有力的/精力充沛的

Venerable (因年岁、品格、有某种关联等)值得尊重的, 受敬佩的

Fruitful 多产的/富有成效的，成功的（形容物）

Formidable 可畏的/可观的 Foremost=most significant

Apt 适合/聪明(be apt to, 倾向于，易于)

Burning, pressing（dilemma） Favorable multilateral Untimely

Epochal 新纪元的 Pernicious 有害的 Permissive

Weary 厌倦的/不耐烦的/萎靡的/困乏的

Groundless

Affectionate 充满热爱的，柔情的 Addictive 使上瘾的，上瘾的 Prompt-rapid-swift Tempting 诱人的 Time-honored Well-grounded

Unwholesome 不卫生的/有害身心健康的 （works, idea, performance） Unadvised 轻率的 Volatile pointless

Uncompromising Rational理性的

Judicious=sensible 明智的 Prudent 有先见之明的 Prevalent, prevailing Inexhaustible

Self-contemptuous 自卑的 Irresistible

Preferential 优惠的 Palatable 可口的

Magnanimous 宽宏大量的 Money-oriented 向钱看的 Obscure 晦涩的 Inward 内在的

Irreparable 不可挽回的

Instructive 有教育意义的 Demanding 要求高的 Predominant

Tumultuous 无秩序的 Humane 人道的 Ingrain 根深蒂固的 Indigenous 土生土长的 Post-mortem 事后的 Profound

Excessive, lavish Unprecedented Pregnant /loaded

1.意味深长的 a pregnant pause/reply negative～ 暧昧的否认 be pregnant with meaning 富有意义

His words were followed by a pregnant pause.

2.孕育 be pregnant with new ideas 3.丰富，有创造力 pregnant years 丰年/an pregnant artist/seem pregnant with life 充满了活力

indispensable 不可或缺的（注意拼写）

Interdependent 相互依存的 Gear 使搭配、使适合（vt./vi.） Forthcoming Arduous 艰苦的 Cordial snappy

Compassionate Compatible

Contributive 约等于 beneficial Authoritative

Exotic 外来的/奇异的 Enthusiastic

Quite a 不寻常的 Exquisite Needy

Cogent, potent（强有力的） 有说服力的 Elaborate utilitarian Sophisticated

Given 特定的/规定的/假设的 superlative

Compulsory 义务的，必须做的 Comprehensive 全面的，综合的 Chronic ~malady/evil 长期的弊病 prospective预期的,未来的可能的 Equivalent

Inconceivable 难以想象的 Subjective-objective Spiritual-material Controversial

Grave (mistake, threaten) Stressful——leisurely Comfortable-laborious Subsequent

Expedient 权益之计的，应急有效的 约等于would better

D.介词：

Amid 用法同among Beneath Via 替代 by

E.副词/状语 Apace

Ground（v） on (grounded on=due to; somebody ground his opinion on facts) afterwards Beforehand Amazingly

Hitherto 迄今为止

Take a serious toll on 付出巨大的代价（The flood has taken a toll on life） Pave the way for… 为。。。做好铺垫 On the horizon 几乎肯定会发生的 Vice versa Under way

For fear of 以免 No yet so far In term of

In vain 徒然，无效

lead someone to (believe, realize…) 使某人

each individual= everyone

in stark contrast to … 与…形成鲜明对比

II.同义词替换 A.动词

解决：solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, settle

繁荣: flourish, thrive (vi, in or on), bloom 超过：exceed, surpass,

消除：get rid of, eradicate, eliminate 依赖：rely on, depend on, count on

损害：damage，hurt, danger, harm, impair, jeopardize

给予：give, offer, render（呈递，提供～advice）, impart, provide 承认：acknowledge, admit, concede(不得不承认) 承受：endure, bear, withstand(~severe tests 经受严峻的考验)

：restrain, restrict, confine, limit, 使可能：enable, make it possible, capacitate,

关系到：link to, in/with relation to, concerning

拥有：in the possession of, hold, provided with(句首)， possess, own, take possession of

监督： supervise, oversee, monitor,

改进：improve, ameliorate(情况改善)，prove to be better than before

面对：envisage，in the face(presence) of, confront,

发展：foster, cultivate, develop

推动：propel, motivate, impel, impulse 促进：boost, accelerate, facilitate,

推迟：postpone, put off, delay, defer, suspend

迷惑：bewilder, perplex, baffle, puzzle

了解：acquaint oneself with, find out, understand, comprehend, appreciate 保护：conserve, preserve 享受：enjoy, relish,

使享受,款待：regale, feast

改变：change, alter, modify, convert into 声称：allege, assert, declare, claim

展现：upfold before one’s eyes, emerge, reveal

否认：negate, deny

培养：cultivate(还可作陶冶思想/感情——cultivate one’s mind/manner, 作培养——～friendship), foster（促进）, bring up, nurture,

评价：appraise, asses, evaluate, assess 归功于：attribute, ascribe, give the credit to, impute, accredit to,

确保：assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge 表达：express, voice, utter, pronounce 一定会：be certain to, be bound to 操作：manipulate, operate, handle

显示：display, reveal, throw out, demonstrate, indicate

不得不：have to, could not but, can’t help but, not have a second choice but

热衷于：be obsessed with, be keen on 对。。。负责任：be blame for, be to answer for, answerable

递交：render, submit, hand in 吸收：absorb, assimilate

经历：experience, undergo, bear, withstand 想要，倾向于：intend to, tend to, be inclined to, want to, be prone to 奉献：devote to, dedicate to

导致：leading to, contribute to, conduce to, result in

有所保留的同意：agree partly, agree with reserve

坚持：adhere to, stick to, insist on, persevere in, persist in

丢弃：abandon, waive, discard

使烦恼：be afflicted with(常用被动), perturb, agitate, disturb, bother

成为：prove to be, turn into, grow, become 概括：generalize, summarize, epitomize, 引起：arouse, bring about, cause, generate(还有产生的意思),

使恶化：deteriorate, aggravate, exacerbate 避免：avoid, avert, shun, get around(随意走走/散播)

分配：allocate, assign, distribute

理解：comprehend, make out, apprehend(逮捕), understand 转化：transform, convert

提议，建议：propose, advise, suggest, propound, bring forward

集合：assemble, concourse(汇集)，muster, gather

吸收：absorb, assimilate, suck up, imbibe, 消化：digest, assimilate

启发，开导：illuminate, enlighten, inspire, 增强：enhance, reinforce, amplify, boost up, strengthen

证实：confirm, verify, affirm, authenticate, demonstrate, testify

克服：overcome, conquer, surmount 使震惊：astound, stun, horrify

授权：accredit, warrant, empower, authorize, grant

利用：avail(oneself of), make use of, utilize, take advantage of(利用手段为自己服务)

指责：censure, rebuke

停止，终止：suspend, stop, cease, halt(可做名词，call a halt), call off

预见：anticipate(先于…行动), expect，foresee, predict

支持：support, uphold, in favor of, stand by, bolster, endorse

充满：be filled with, be full of, be loaded with, abound

B.名词

优势：advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, 魅力：glamour, charm, fascination, 竞争：competition, rivalry

指导：guidance, instruction, indication 方面：aspect, side, facet, respect, dimension

缺陷：disadvantage, defect, drawback, shortcoming, downside, weakness

部分：part, portion, segment(片段), share, section,

困境：hot potato, plight, jam，dilemma 难题：a hard nut to crack, headache, puzzle 价值：value, merit, at … cost

元素：ingredient, building block, factor 威胁：menace, threaten,

小孩，少年：children, juvenile, the youth，adolescent(还可作形容词～period青春期)， teenage, stripling 疾病：illness, ailment(慢性), malady(还有弊端的意思),infirmity(健康欠佳), sickness，disease

准则：guideline, standard, norm, criterion, 评估，评价，鉴定：(favorable)appraisal, assessment, evaluation, estimation

才能：aptitude（天资）约等于talent, capacity（能力）, gift, endowment, calibre 傲慢，自我：ego, arrogance, hubris，pride 财产：asset(优点，财富——经验，人的重要), belongings(动产，财物)，estate(不动产)， possession(个人所有物)， property(资产，不动产)， wealth

刺激，鼓励，动机：motive, incentive, stimulus

眼界：horizon, scope, field of vision, 见识：insight, perception

锻炼：fitness, workout, physical exercise/training

盛宴：a grand banquet, feast

不测事件：contingency, eventuality

灾难：catastrophe, disaster, tragedy, calamity(不幸事件), suffering(苦难)，misfortune(不幸)

名人：a man of mark, celebrity, personality, luminary(大师，杰出人物)

原因：causation, account, cause, reason 结果：aftermath(灾难的后果)，outcome, consequence, fruit, result, aftereffect(后果，副作用)

C.形容词 1.褒义词

丰富的：abundant, copious, profuse, ample，plentiful

有效用的：utilitarian(还有功利主义的意思), useful

有潜力的：promising, potential

安静的：tranquil, quiet, pacific（爱好和平的）

成熟的：ripe, mature, full-fledged（完全有资格的）

严格的：strict, rigorous, rigid, severe(形容人)

富饶的：fertile, affluent, productive(多产的) plentiful

小心的：cautious, careful, discreet, circumspect（考虑周到的）

无懈可击的：airtight, unexceptionable, tenable(战斗)， invulnerable, unimpeachable(无可指摘的)

适当的：appropriate, proper, advisable（可取的）, suitable, moderate 灵活的：elastic(有弹性的), flexible, yielding（弯曲自如的）, 有资格的：eligible，qualified，entitled， be justify in doing 传统的：traditional, conventional, orthodox 贬义词 有害的：baneful, evil, harmful, detrimental，adverse

尴尬的：awkward, embarrassed, be of pretty pass

似是而非的：plausible, specious 有争议的：controversial, debatable 虚弱的：feeble, fragile, weak

糟糕的：terrible，ghastly, awful, miserable, 危险的：perilous, dangerous, hazardous 怀疑的，靠不住的：dubious, doubtful,

questionable, uncertain, skeptical, untrustworthy

模棱两可的，含糊不清的：ambiguous, equivocal

有害的：detrimental, adverse, noxious, harmful, 中性词：

无法避免的：inevitable, inescapable

世界性的，及其广泛性的: universal, cosmopolitan

时刻：moment, juncture(关键时刻,critical=crunch time) 准确无误的：seamless（完全合乎逻辑的）, precise

相似的：analogous(类比，来自analogy,类推), similar, homogenous, alike

表面的,外面的：superficial，skin-deep(两个词都有肤浅的意思)， exterior, external 不可避免的：inevitable, inescapable, unavoidable

所有的：all, whole ,overall

艰苦的：arduous, laborious, tough 相当大的：a majority of, a sizeable chunk of, in a great measure，considerable, substantial, 多种多样的：a variety of, various, multiplex, multifold, multi-pronged, multiform, versatile

实质性的：substantial, material, quantitative, tangible(可触摸的 ～benefits / 有形的，触手可知的)

偶然的：haphazard(无秩序的), casual 有限的：finite, limited, confined, restricted, numbered（为数无多的）

平均的：average，even, mean, medial

D.副词

很少的：hardly, merely, barely 一直如此的,始终不变的：always, invariably

E.状语、其他 十分：very much, immensely, highly, largely, greatly, enormously, tremendously,

考虑：take into account, take into consideration

越来越：more and more, increasingly, growingly,

实际上，in fact, actually, virtually, in essence

相反地：Inversely=conversely=on the contrary