【英语】高考英语高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)技巧(很有用)及练习题

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类 1．阅读理解

Imagine someone who has spent the majority of their life sitting with a sign on the side of the road and that very person giving someone their last 20 dollars. That's exactly what Marine Corps veteran (退伍军人) Johnny Bobbitt, 34, did in October in Philadelphia.

Bobbitt served in the U.S. Marine Corps and worked as a paramedic (医务辅助人员) in Vance County, N. C. before he became homeless. Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.

One night in October, Bobbitt was sitting roadside with a sign in Philadelphia as usual, when Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas. Scared and nervous, she got out of the car to head to the nearest gas station. As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt and he told her to get back in the vehicle and lock the door. Minutes later, he appeared with a red gas can. He'd used his last $20 to buy her gas.

After that unexpected meeting, McClure and her boyfriend, Mark D'Amico, who both live in New Jersey, visited Bobbitt several times to deliver gift cards, cash, snacks and toiletries. They then decided to create a fund raising page so he wouldn't have to spend the holidays sleeping on the street.

McClure started the GoFundMe page on November 10. With the page, the couple hoped to raise $10,000, enough money for his rent, a reliable vehicle and up to six months' expenses. Bobbitt's story ran in a local paper. By November 15，more than 10,000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $300,000 had been raised.

On Thanksgiving, Bobbitt was resting in a hotel, his feet up on the bed, drawing up a grand plan for his new life, thanks to several thousand dollars raised to repay him for a good deed. （1）What does the underlined word \"discreet\" in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Doubtful. B. Cautious. C. Guilty. D. Optimistic. （2）McClure met Bobbitt when she .

A. couldn't find a gas station B. got to the way home C. couldn't unlock her car D. was in search of gas （3）It can be known from the text that . A. Bobbitt's story obtained wide attention B. Bobbitt became world-famous overnight

C. the GoFundMe page collected over $400,000 for Bobbitt D. the GoFundMe page was started to help people like Bobbitt （4）What is the best title for the text? A. A Homeless Veteran Paid Kindness Forward B. A Homeless Veteran Had a Generous Heart C. A Homeless Veteran's Kindness Paid Off D. A Small Kindness Made a Big Difference

【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，—个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐，使他不用再睡在大街上。他们原本期望帮助他募集一万美元，意想不到的是，五天内募集到的捐款就超过了三十万美元。

（1）考查词义猜测。第二段中的“Nobody knew how he got to where he was because he was discreet about that.”没有人知道他是怎样走到这一步（即无家可归）的，因为他对此非常小心谨慎。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Kate McClure of Florence Township, N. J. was driving home down Interstate 95 and ran out of gas... As McClure was heading to the nearest gas station, she ran into Bobbitt.”可知，McClure是在去加油站寻找油时遇见Bobbitt 的 。故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Bobbitt's story ran in a local paper.”可知，McClure是在十一月十号建立募捐网页的，他们原本期望帮助Bobbitt募集一万美元，他的故事还上了当地的报纸，截至十一月十五号，一万多名当地人通过该网页进行了捐款，募集到的捐款超过了三十万美元。可知，Bobbitt的故事引起了广泛的关注。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述一个无家可归的退伍军人将身上仅有的二十美元买了汽油送给在回家途中汽车没油的年轻女子，事后这名女子和她的男朋友专门建了一个网页为他募捐并且募捐到了三十多万美元，即这个无家可归的退伍军人的善心得到了回报。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Friends always ask why I, a middle-aged woman with no athletic talent, travel to perilous places—the jungles of Thailand or Borneo, for example, where the water is often unsafe and the food risky; places with infectious diseases, poisonous snakes and the wildest animals; some places where the locals are just a few generations past headhunting.

I never know how to answer. My travel decisions assumed a new gravity nine years ago after I suffered a stroke. To prevent another stroke, my doctors told me, I'd have to take dangerously high levels of blood thinner (血液稀释剂) for the rest of my life and any travel would be risky. I had to think about what was important to me: family, of course, and friends. But then what? No matter how many times I thought about it, no bucket list was complete without travel. Then I had to decide how I might manage the risk. I had to decide how lucky I felt.

My return to travel after my stroke came in baby steps. The first real test of my travel courage came nine months after my stroke when I joined my husband, Jack, on a business trip to China. After we'd toured the remains of a Tang dynasty temple on a high mountain, Jack wanted to ride

down on a toboggan (长雪橇).

Before the stroke it would've seemed like fun. But now? I hesitated. My mental klaxon (高音喇叭) screamed warnings about the consequences of a cut, a fall, and a crash. Then, gaining confidence from who knows where, I lowered myself carefully into the toboggan, which marked my adventure travel comeback.

In the years since then, I've traveled about twenty-five percent of the time. Through it all, my lucks held out—no deadly falls, no car accidents or serious infections. For me, adventure travel is a risk worth taking. Travel broadens my world and keeps me connected to nature. What's more, saying \"yes\" to travel keeps me connected to myself.

（1）What does the underlined word \"perilous\" in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Unique. B. Dangerous. C. Historical. D. Famous. （2）What did the doctors advise the author to do?

A. Do proper exercise. B. Enjoy the rest of her life. C. Keep away from traveling. D. Spend more time with her family. （3）Why did the author mention her travel to China? A. It was her last adventure.

B. She recovered her courage through it. C. She liked the beautiful scenery in China. D. It was the most dangerous experience in her life. （4）What is the best title for the text?

A. A business trip to China B. Unique travel experiences C. Why I still travel to the wild D. How I overcame the fear of disease 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了去中国的一次旅行。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“the jungles of Thailand or Borneo, for example, where the water is often unsafe and the food risky; places with infectious diseases, poisonous snakes and the wildest animals; some places where the locals are just a few generations past headhunting.“例如，泰国或婆罗洲的丛林，那里的水往往不安全，食物也很危险；有传染病、毒蛇和野生动物的场所；有些地方的本地人刚刚过了猎头的时代。”可推知划线词的意思是“危险的”。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“To prevent another stroke, my doctors told me, I'd have to take dangerously high levels of blood thinner (血液稀释剂) for the rest of my life and any travel would be risky.”我的医生告诉我，为了防止再次中风，我的余生都必须服用高剂量的危险血液稀释剂，任何旅行都是有风险的。”可知，医生建议作者远离旅行。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“The first real test of my travel courage came nine months after my stroke when I joined my husband, Jack, on a business trip to China.”中风九个月后，我和丈夫杰克一起去中国出差，这是对我旅行勇气的第一次真正考验。”可知，作者之

所以提到她的中国之行是因为她通过这件事恢复了勇气。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“For me, adventure travel is a risk worth taking. Travel broadens my world and keeps me connected to nature. What's more, saying \"yes\" to travel keeps me connected to myself.”对我来说，冒险旅行是值得冒险的。旅行开阔了我的世界，使我与大自然保持联系。更重要的是，对旅行说“是”让我和自己保持联系。”可知，本文讲述的是去中国的一次旅行。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Open water swimming

I had only swum in open water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, so I wasn't prepared for how rough Lake Windermere appeared on a cold day. A swimmer told me the water felt colder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rough. But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.

Most of the people taking part were doing a one-mile race, and 10 races were planned over the weekend. There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.

I had chosen the third one-mile race of the day. There were over 600 people in my race. We were taken through an acclimatization area a children's paddling pool-sized part of the lake where we moved in to feel how cold the water was. \"Not too bad\" was everyone's thought! Then we headed out towards the middle of the lake.

We'd been warned that the first 100 metres would be really rough. However, somewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting for the calm; it felt more like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried to focus on my breathing and technique, and just keep going. As I approached the 400m-to-go mark my lower right leg became painful. I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn't work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn't want to stop, so I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg. Finally I saw the finishing post, and I just concentrated on getting there—still one-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 seconds but that didn't matter—the atmosphere was fantastic and everyone felt a sense of achievement, whatever their time. I'm hooked, and want to give it another go. I've already signed up for my next open-water swim. （1）How did the author feel before the race? A. Scared of the most challenging race. B. Disappointed by the difficult conditions. C. Concerned about the other swimmers in the race. D. Determined to be as tough as the people around her.

（2）Why does the author mention the two people in Paragraph 2?

A. To stress the importance of the race. B. To praise the experienced swimmers. C. To show the wide range of the participants. D. To introduce the various events of the race.

（3）The author suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______. A. the race would cause breathing problems B. the race became harder than she had expected C. it was really necessary to prepare for tough swims D. it would have been easier if she had taken others' advice （4）What does the author talk about in the last paragraph?

A. Her confidence in her own ability. B. Her pride in having swum so quickly. C. Her eagerness to repeat the experience. D. Her surprise at having managed to finish. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。

（1）考查推理判断。 根据第一段中的“But I, along with 10,000 others, was about to complete the challenge.”可知，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“There seemed to be a mix of open-water enthusiasts alongside complete beginners—which is precisely the aim of the swims, to get as many people as possible completing their own challenge. The oldest woman competing was 77, taking part in the two-mile race, alongside a man who last year had swum in every one-mile race.”可知，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“I recalled overhearing people talking about how they kept swimming through the pain, so I tried. But it didn't work. I began to feel the entire leg tight and painful.”可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I'm hooked, and want to give it another go. I've already signed up for my next open-water swim.”可知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Wilbur and Orville Wright were the two youngest sons of Bishop Milton Wright, Wilbur was born on a farm near Millville and Orville was born in August in the house the family would come to occupy for more than 40 years in Dayton.

Orville would discover in later years that he and Wilbur's first interests in flight began when they were children, with powered rubber-band-helicopter toys that their father would bring home for them from trips around the country. Orville and Wilbur would build duplicates（复制品）of these toys and bounce them off the ceiling. They were just crazy about these things for the reasons that they did not yet understand.

Both boys loved to solve problems that seemed difficult to others. The more difficult the problem was, the more they saw it as a challenge. Exploring the unknown was such a joy for then that Orville once said, \"I can remember when Wilbur and I could hardly wait for the morning to come to get at something that interested us. That's happiness.\"

Putting their gift to work, the boys entered the printing business soon after high school. Orville designed and then built a printing press（印刷机）for this enterprise. At first, they did contract printing for other people, and soon one of their customers during the early 10s was Father Milton's church. They also tried the newspaper business, and although their two newspapers, the West Side News and The Evening Item were considered to be of high quality, Dayton already had daily newspapers, so the Wrights soon returned to contract printing.

Branching out into other areas, they also opened a bicycle business. Bicycling was the fastest growing sport in the country at that time, and their repair shop soon led them into building bicycles of their own design, often with tools of their own construction, such as the lathe（车床）driven by a one-cylinder gasoline engine built by Orville. The bicycle shop would provide the livelihood（生计）that would allow them to carry out their experiments on airplanes. （1）What may inspire Wilbur and Orville Wright to be keen on flight in childhood？ A. Their experiences of taking a flight. B. Their wishes to travel by plane. C. The toys their father brought for them. D. Their interest in duplicating toys.

（2）What kind of children were the Wright brothers？ A. Enthusiastic and curious. B. Quiet and modes. C. Naughty but clever. D. Stubborn but careful

（3）What business did Wilbur and Orville enter shortly after high school？ A. The toy business. B. The printing business. C. The lathe business. D. The bicycle business.

（4）What will possibly be discussed following this text？ A. Who guided them a lot on their way to success. B. What trouble they would meet in their business.

C. Why they closed their bicycle shop suddenly. D. How the two brothers began to invent planes. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了 莱特兄弟是怎样的发明飞机的过程。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Orville would discover in later years that he and Wilbur's first interests in flight began when they were children，with powered rubber-band-helicopter toys that their father would bring home for them from trips around the country” 奥维尔后来发现他和威尔伯对飞行第一次兴趣是从他们小时候开始的，由于他们的父亲从乡村给他们带回家的，用橡皮筋为动力的直升机玩具，可知选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They were just crazy about these things for the reasons that they did not yet understand”他们只是因为他们还不明白的原因 而对这些事情疯狂 ；和第三段中的“Both boys loved to solve problems that seemed difficult to others. The more difficult the problem was，the more they saw it as a challenge”两个男孩都喜欢解决别人觉得困难的问题。问题越难，他们就越觉得这是一个挑战 可推出选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ Putting their gift to work, the boys entered the printing business soon after high school. ”把他们的天赋投入工作 中，孩子们高中毕业后不久就进入了印刷业。 故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The bicycle shop would provide the livelihood（生计）that would allow them to carry out their experiments on airplanes”自行车店将提供生计 ，允许他们在飞机上进行实验 ，可知选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers' questions—where was I going and why was I traveling alone? My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn't pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.

\"Why don't you travel with us?\" one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London. It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I

explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into the King David Hotel's swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then, I've backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.

On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn't picked up the phone.

（1）By \"My stomach was in knots\" (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was ______.

A. sick of riding on a bumpy bus B. nervous of meeting strangers C. upset about the sudden change D. sorry about the impractical plan （2）Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met? A. Courageous but disrespectful. B. Jobless and poorly educated. C. Warmhearted and trustworthy. D. Homeless but lighthearted. （3）The author's sixth sense told her that ______. A. she would get along with the backpackers B. it might cause trouble to have a swim C. she ought to stay away from the backpackers D. it could add excitement to get a free ride （4）What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Most of the backpackers became the author's lifelong friends. B. The author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack traveler. C. The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone. D. The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own. 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。

（1）考查句义猜测。根据第一段中的\"My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn't pick up and I had no other way to reach her.\"可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的\"‘Why don't you travel with us?’ one of the backpackers offered\"可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据\" They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could\"可知这

些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的\"It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes.\"可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能也就是第六感说了\"好\"，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选A。 （4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的\"The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone.\"可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，以及最后一段中的\"Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn't picked up the phone.\"可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及句义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

At first, Michael Surrell didn't see the black smoke or flames shooting from the windows of his neighbors' home. He and his wife had just parked around the corner from their own house, when they got a call from one of his daughters: \"The house next door is on fire!\" He went to investigate. That's when he saw two women and a girl panic-stricken on their doorway.

\"The baby's in there!\" one of the women cried. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then , instinctively ran inside. \"The baby\" was 8-year-old Tiara, the woman's granddaughter.

Entering the burning house was like \"running into a bucket of black paint,\" Surrell says. The thick smoke caused him to struggle blindly around, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. The conditions would have been risky for anyone, but for Surrell, who has lung disease, they were life-threatening. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he withdrew outside to catch his breath.

\"Where is Tiara?\" he asked desperately. \"The second floor,\" The woman shouted back. Taking a deep breath, he went in a second time. The darkness was overwhelming. Yet because the house had a similar design to his, Surrell found the stairs and made it to the second floor. He was already out of breath. Then a soft but distinct moan appeared. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled Tiara into his arms. Turning, he fought through the smoke and ran blindly into the blackness. The next thing he knew, he was at the front door, then outside.

Surrell woke up in the hospital a couple of days later, having suffered severe burns. Tiara was released from the hospital after a few days. \"It's a small price to pay,\" Surrell says. \"I'd do it again in a heartbeat. Wouldn't give it a second thought.\" （1）What did Surrell do at the scene of the fire? A. Called his daughter. B. Parked his car to safety. C. Rang the fire department. D. Rushed into the burning house.

（2）What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?

A. How special the house was. B. How dangerous the situation was. C. How Surrell suffered lung disease. D. How Surrell ran back outside.

（3）How did Surrell manage to find Tiara eventually? A. By feeling with the aid of her sound. B. By answering to Tiara's loud crying. C. By shouting her name desperately. D. By catching sight of her shoes.

（4）What can be inferred about Surrell from the text? A. He is unwilling to talk about the rescue again. B. He is disappointed to suffer several burns. C. He will do the same without hesitation. D. He will think twice before acting. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，邻居家起火，小女孩被困在里面，Surrell奋不顾身地冲进燃烧的大火，最终把女孩救了出来。当Surrell在医院里醒过来时说他以后会毫不犹豫地做同样的事情。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then , instinctively ran inside.”和第三段中的“Entering the burning house was like‘running into a bucket of black paint,’ Surrell says.”可知，Surrell在火灾现场冲进燃烧的房子。故选D。 （2）考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“Entering the burning house was like ‘running into a bucket of black paint,’ Surrell says.”可知，第三段讨论的是“多么危险的情况。”故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“He was already out of breath. Then a soft but distinct moan appeared. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He pulled Tiara into his arms.”他已经上气不接下气了。就在这时一个轻柔的呻吟出现了。他爬向声音，感觉到女孩的迹象。最后，他触摸到一只鞋，然后摸到了她的脚踝。他把Tiara拉到他怀里。可知，Surrell最终通过收到Tiara的哭声找到了Tiara。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\"It's a small price to pay,\" Surrell says. \"I'd do it again in a heartbeat. Wouldn't give it a second thought.\"可推知，他会毫不犹豫地做同样的事情。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day

is June 10. It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail—95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.

When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on August 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him; \"high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.\" Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East. Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.

The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7, 033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊). There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.

（1）According to the passage, the word \"trek\" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________. A. a comfortable walk in a separate country B. a pleasant journey across the countryside C. a journey over untraveled pathways D. a long, hard journey over rough areas

（2）We learn from the text that before 1805 ________. A. the Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snow B. there were no people living in the western part of America C. no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountains D. the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States （3）We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass ________. A. remains much the same as it was 200 years ago B. is the meeting point of three cultures C. has changed a lot since 1805

D. now attracts a large number of tourists to visit

（4）Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably ________. A. two native Indians

B. explorers of the early 19th century C. merchants who did business with the Indians D. travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass

（5）We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author ________. A. was attempting the impossible B. was trying to set a world record C. was following the trail of Lewis and Clark

D. was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）B （5）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇日记，日记中记录的是一次追寻前人足迹的探险，尽管天气使探险变得艰难，但是在作者看来却是已经赶上了以前的探险者。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的\"Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail—95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West.\"可知，韦恩·费尔柴尔德开始担心我们在罗洛小道上的跋涉——从蒙大拿州罗洛到爱达荷州威佩的95英里的路程里，要穿越西部最艰苦的地区。所以判断出，第1段中的Trek一词在意义上最接近于“在崎岖地区的漫长而艰苦的旅程”。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的\"When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on August 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him…Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.\"1805年8月12日，当刘易斯爬到米苏拉以南140英里的莱姆希山口时，他被眼前的景象惊呆了。在当时的美国，没有人知道落基山脉的存在，那里的山峰是东部阿巴拉契亚山脉的两倍高。可知，所以我们从文章中得知，1805年以前没有美国人知道落基山脉的存在。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的\"It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.\"可知，今天，它的状况仍然和刘易斯和克拉克行走时一样。所以我们从短文中知道罗洛山口仍然和200年前一样。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的\"Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo\"刘易斯和克拉克在200年前差点被罗洛山口的暴风雪打败以及第三段中的\"the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift\"勇敢面对困难的探险者和珍视并保护这条道路为神圣礼物的美洲土著人。可知，刘易斯和克拉克在200年前，也就是19世纪的早期就探险过罗洛山口，留下了他们探险的足迹，他们是伟大的探险家。所以判断出，刘易斯和克拉克最有可能是19世纪早期的探险家。故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\"Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7, 033 ft, we have covered 13 miles in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge(山脊). There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with

Lewis and Clark.”尽管雪越来越深，我们的运气还是和天气有关。当我们爬上\"Indian Post Office\"时，这条小路的最高点是7033英尺，我们已经在柔软的雪地里走了13英里，我们几乎没有足够的力气来做饭。吃完鸡肉后，我坐在山脊上的一块石头上。任何方向都看不见光，甚至连一堆篝火也看不见。四天来我们都看不到其他人。我们专注于既恐惧又快乐的事情。在我们的想象中，我们终于赶上了刘易斯和克拉克。）可知，当穿越罗洛山口时，作者是在跟随刘易斯和克拉克的足迹在前行。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem—inability to read.

In the library, I found my way into the \"Children's Room.\" I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.

There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical (相同的)to my dog. Iran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.

Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together. My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.

I never told my mother about my \"miraculous\" (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.

（1）The book caught the author's eye because ________. A. it contained pretty pictures of animals B. it reminded him of his own dog C. he found its title easy to understand D. he liked children's stories very much

（2）Why could the author manage to read the book through?

A. He was forced by his mother to read it. B. He identified with the story in the book. C. The book told the story of his pet dog. D. The happy ending of the story attracted him.

（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The author has become a successful writer. B. The author's mother read the same book. C. The author's mother rewarded him with books. D. The author has had happy summers ever since.

（4）Which one could be the best title of the passage? A. The Charm of a Book B. Mum's Strict Order C. Reunion with My Beagle D. My Passion for Reading 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）A （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了有阅读障碍的自己在图书馆无意中看到了一本书，于是奇迹出现了，他不仅获得了博士学位，而且成为了一名成功的作家。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle.”可知那本书吸引了“我”的眼球的原因是它让“我”想起了自己的狗，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. ”和第五段中的“Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.”可知作者把自己想象成书中的小男孩，把自己的狗想象成书中狗，同时作者还提及书非常精彩，可见对书中的故事非常认同，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction”可知作者获得文学博士学位，并且自己写书、文章、诗歌和小说，可见作者成为了一名成功的作家，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，作者最开始有阅读障碍，在图书馆无意中看到了一本书，于是奇迹出现了，他不仅获得了博士学位，而且成为了一名成功的作家，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Sally Dawly is a woman from Auburn, California. Over the last three and a half years, the anti-littering woman has spent most of her free time picking up cigarette butts (烟头) from the streets

of her home city.

Called the \"Butt Lady\" by her local community, Dawly began her mission to rid the streets of her city of cigarette butts in October, 2014. The woman looked for cigarette butts, picked them up and threw them in the trash. To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet, and earlier this month, she hit a historic milestone—one million cigarette butts.

\"I got tired of going on my walks and seeing cigarette butts everywhere,\" Sally Dawly said. \"I'm just shocked that I had to pick up so many. I've ever picked up 3,000 butts in one day,\" she said. \"Don't throw away your butts; better yet, stop smoking.\"

With so many cigarette butts littering the streets, can one person's efforts really make a difference? Surprisingly, the answer seems to be yes. Soon after the Butt Lady of Auburn started her mission and word of her efforts spread, cigarette cans started appearing around bars and restaurants in the city. Members of the local community even came out to cheer her on as she approached her one-million-butt milestone.

Sally knows her city's cigarette butt littering problem won't be solved anytime soon, but she hopes her work will inspire people to at least think twice before dropping cigarette butts in the streets. She has decided to continue cleaning up after irresponsible smokers, and already has a new milestone in her sights—two million cigarette butts.

Word of the Butt Lady's efforts to keep the streets cigarette butt-free has reached neighboring communities as well, and CBS Sacramento reports that other cities have started seeking her help as well.

（1）Why does Sally Dawly carry an iPad with her while picking up the butts? A. To entertain the crowds. B. To monitor the smokers. C. To attract peoples attention. D. To record the number of butts. （2）How did Sally Dawly feel when picking up cigarette butts? A. Excited but upset. B. Shocked and sorry. C. Frightened but content. D. Astonished and desperate. （3）From the text. what can be inferred about Sally Dawly? A. She picks up nearly 3,000 cigarette butts every day. B. She will work in other cities in California in the future. C. She has set a new goal of picking up two million cigarette butts.

D. She picked up one million cigarette butts with members of her community. （4）What is the text mainly about?

A. California's \"Butt Lady\". B. Fighting against smoking. C. Californians health problems. D. Smoking problems in California. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，众所周知，吸烟有害健康，有时候让人更加烦恼的是随处可见的烟头。在美国加利福尼亚有这样一位“烟头女士”，她利用业余时间捡拾烟

头，并在最近捡到了第100万个烟头！

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“To keep a count of how many butts she picks up, the Butt Lady has been using a tablet（平板电脑）”可知为了记录自己捡到的烟头数量，the Butt Lady带了平板电脑。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知Sally很厌烦看到这么多烟头，她对捡起来这么多数量的烟头感到震惊，并且劝告大家最好不要吸烟。因此她的感受应该是“震惊和难过的”。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“and already has a new milestone in her sights—two million cigarette butts” 她已经有了一个新的里程碑——两百万烟头。可知选C （4）考查主旨大意。本文讲了来自加利福尼亚州的一位女士在业余时间捡起了一百万个烟头，并且获得了“烟头女士”的称号的故事，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

It was rainy, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn's house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the top of the mountain. So here I was, reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils. By the time I saw how thick it was near the summit, I'd gone too far to turn back. Nothing could be worth this, I thought as I inched along the dangerous highway.

\"I'll stay for lunch, but I' m heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,\" I announced when I arrived.

\"But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car,\" Carolyn said, \"Could we at least do that?\"

\"How far is it?\" I asked.

\"About three minutes,\" she said, \"I'll drive—I'm used to it.\"

After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her anxiously. \"I thought you said three minutes.\"

She grinned. \"This is a detour.\"

Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and got out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green evergreens towered over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind.

Then we turned a comer and stopped—and I gasped in amazement.

From the top of the mountain, sloping for several acres across the mountain side and valleys, were rivers of flowers in numerous colors. It looked as though the sun had tipped over and spilled gold down the mountainside.

A series of questions filled my mind. Who created such beauty? Why? How?

As we approached the home that stood in the center of the property, we saw a sign that read: \"Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking.\"

The first answer was: \"One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.\" The second

was: \"One at a Time.\" The third: \"Started in 1958.\"

As we drove home, I was so moved by what we had seen. I could scarcely speak. \"She changed the world.\" I finally said, \"one bulb (球茎) at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.\"

The wonder of it would not let me go. \"Imagine,\" I said, \"if I'd had a vision and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?\"

Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. \"Start tomorrow,\" she said. \"Better yet, start today.\" （1）What was the weather like when the author drove to visit her daughter? A. It was snowing. B. It was foggy. C. It was freezing. D. It was sunny. （2）What can be inferred about the daughter?

A. She told a white lie to her mother. B. She was an experienced driver. C. She didn't know the way very well. D. She knew everything about the woman. （3）The mother began to enjoy herself when ________. A. they were driving in the car B. they were at the garage C. they were on their way back D. they were walking in the woods （4）Which of the following can best describe the owner of the property? A. Crazy and silly. B. Determined and persistent. C. Brave and careful. D. Beautiful and courageous. （5）What do you think the mother will do after this visit?

A. She will look after her grandchildren. B. She will pay a second visit to the garden. C. She will begin to do something meaningful. D. She will come and live with her daughter. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D （4）B （5）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在下雨天受女儿坚持去山顶看风景，去往山顶的过程有些麻烦，但到达山顶后，被山顶的美景所折服。当作者走到一个房子，看到了从很久之前开始一直存在一个标牌，由此引发了作者感慨：如果有一个愿景，并为此每天坚持一点点，那最终会达到什么。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“So here I was, reluctantly making the two-hour journey through fog that hung like veils.”可知作者很不情愿地走了两个小时，穿过像面纱一样悬挂着的雾开车去见自己的女儿。作者开车去见女儿时，是雾天，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her anxiously. ‘I thought you said three minutes.’\"可知女儿告诉作者要走三分钟，结果走了十分钟也没到，再结合下文可知女儿这样做是为了让作者欣赏山上的美景而撒了一个善意的谎言。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第十段中的“We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles.”可知作者和女儿是沿着一条满是老松针的小路走着时，开始欣赏美景，自得其乐的。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段“The first answer was: \"One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.\" The second was: \"One at a Time.\" The third: \"Started in 1958.\"可知这些景色的所有者是一个女人，用两只手，两只脚，加上一点想法，一次一个从1958年开始种植的。可知这个所有人是非常有决心和坚持不懈的。故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. \"Start tomorrow,\" she said. \"Better yet, start today.\"可知文章的最后Carolyn微笑着看着我。“明天开始，”她说。“更好的是，从今天开始。”结合上文作者的感悟可推理此次参观之后这位母亲会开始做一些有意义的事情。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。