The international situation continues to undergo profound and complex changes. Multi-polarity and economic globalization are deepening. Peace, development and cooperation represent both the more powerful trend of the times and the stronger aspiration of the countries of the world. World economy witnesses a slow, unbalanced and multi-speed recovery. Global issues such as climate change, energy security and public health are still prominent with imbalances in development becoming even worse. Regional hotspot issues keep emerging and local disturbances crop up from time to time, making the security situation more complex and diverse. There are multiple destabilizing factors and uncertainties in the world, posing a host of new difficulties and challenges to world peace and development.
The UN, as the most universal, representative and authoritative inter-governmental organization, is the most important platform to practice multilateralism. Since its founding, the UN has played a significant and irreplaceable role in upholding world peace, promoting common development and facilitating international cooperation. China always values the status and role of the UN and upholds the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. China supports the UN, under the current circumstances, in further harnessing its advantages and taking effective actions to coordinate international efforts in response to global threats and challenges and continuing to play a central role in international affairs. 、联合国作用 当前，国际形势继续发生深刻、复杂的变化。世界多极化和经济全球化深入发展。和平、发展、合作的时代潮流更加强劲，世界各国谋和平、求发展、促合作的愿望愈发强烈。世界经济缓慢复苏，但基础尚不牢固，表现并不均衡；气候变化、能源安全、公共卫生等全球性问题依然突出，发展不平衡问题更加严峻；地区热点问题此起彼伏，局部动荡时有发生，安全形势更趋复杂多元。国际形势中存在诸多不稳定不确定因素，世界和平与发展仍面临一系列新困难、新挑战。
联合国作为最具普遍性、代表性和权威性的间国际组织，是实践多边主义最重要的舞台，自成立以来，为维护世界和平、促进共同发展、推动国际合作发挥了不可替代的重要作用。中国一贯重视联合国地位和作用，维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。中国支持联合国在当前形势下进一步发挥自身优势，在协调国际努力，妥善应对全球性威胁与挑战方面采取有效行动，继续在国际事务中发挥核心作用。
II. UN Reforms
China supports necessary and reasonable reforms by the UN in the light of the developments in the international situation to enhance its authority and efficiency and strengthen its capacity to cope with new threats and challenges. The reforms should lead to increased voice and greater role of developing countries in the UN affairs. Since 2005, the UN has taken a series of reform measures and achieved important outcomes. But progress thus far still falls short of the expectations of Member States. The UN reforms should be comprehensive and wide-ranging and deliver tangible results in the three major fields of security, development and human rights. Going forward, the international community should build on the existing achievements and adhere to extensive and democratic consultation as a means to push for comprehensive reform across the fields, with special attention to increasing development input so as to achieve the Millennium Development Goals on schedule for the benefit of developing countries.
Reform of the Security Council is part and parcel of the UN reforms. China supports the Security
Council in enhancing its authority and efficiency and better fulfilling its responsibilities for maintaining international peace and security bestowed on it by the Charter of the United Nations through reform. The priority of the reform should be increasing the representation of developing countries, African countries in particular. It is important to continue the extensive and democratic consultation to accommodate the interests and concerns of all parties, seek a package solution and reach the broadest possible consensus. China is ready to work with all countries to ensure that the reform of the Security Council will be carried out in a way that serves the overall interests of the UN and the solidarity of its Member States. 二、联合国改革 中国支持联合国根据国际形势的发展，进行必要、合理的改革，提高联合国权威和效率，增强其应对新威胁、新挑战的能力。改革应提高发展中国家在联合国事务中的发言权，使之能发挥更大的作用。2005年以来，联合国采取了一系列改革措施，并取得重要成果，但同会员国期望相比仍有差距。联合国改革应是全方位、多领域的，在安全、发展、三大领域均有所建树。下阶段，国际社会应该在已有成果基础上，坚持通过民主、充分协商，全面推进各领域改革，特别是加大对发展领域的投入，推进如期实现千年发展目标，让广大发展中国家从中受益。
安理会改革是联合国改革的重要组成部分。中方支持通过改革增强安理会的权威和效率，更好地履行《联合国宪章》赋予的维护国际和平与安全的职责。改革应优先增加发展中国家、特别是非洲国家的代表性。应继续通过广泛、民主协商，兼顾各方利益和关切，寻求“一揽子”改革方案，并达成最广泛一致。中国愿同各国共同努力，推动安理会改革朝有利于联合国整体利益和会员国团结的方向发展。 III. Security Sector
1. UN Peacekeeping Operations
UN peacekeeping operations are an important and effective means in maintaining international peace and security. The peacekeeping operations, with an ever expanding scale and broader mandate, are facing more and more challenges. China is a strong supporter of and active participant in the UN peacekeeping operations. China supports reasonable and innovative reform of peacekeeping operations on the basis of the three principles put forward by the former UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjold. Such reform should prioritize strategic designing, enhance communication and coordination with the host countries, improve logistics mechanisms, optimize resource allocation and increase the effectiveness and efficiency of peacekeeping operations and the level of their deployment, planning and management. At the same time, the parties concerned should place greater emphasis on better coordination between peacekeeping, peacemaking and peacebuilding. China calls upon the UN to continue to enhance, as a priority, cooperation with regional organizations in peacekeeping, focusing on, in particular, the needs of African countries. 三、安全领域 （一）联合国维和行动
联合国维和行动是联合国维护国际和平与安全的重要、有效手段。当前，联合国维和行动规模不断扩大，授权日趋广泛，面临挑战也在增多。中国坚定支持并积极参与联合国维和行动，支持联合国维和行动在坚持“哈马舍尔德”维和三原则基础上，进行合理改革与创新，突出战略设计，加强与当事国沟通和协调，改进后勤工作机制，优化资源配置，提高维和行动的效率和效力及其部署、规划和管理的水平。各方也应更加重视维和行动与缔造和平、建设和平的衔接及统筹。中国呼吁联合国继续重视加强与区域组织在维和领域的合作，尤其要关注非洲国家的需求。
2. Peacebuilding
Peacebuilding involves the entire UN system. The Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), an important outcome of the UN reforms, is the first agency within the UN system entrusted with coordinating post-conflict rebuilding and has a unique status and an important role to play. China supports as always UN's leading role in post-conflict rebuilding and the efforts of the PBC and the Peacebuilding Fund (PBF). Going forward, the PBC should further improve its institution-building, strengthen coordination with other UN agencies, enhance partnership with the countries involved and make better use of the PBF. The General Assembly, Security Council and ECOSOC should all make good use of their respective advantages to support the work of PBC. （二）建设和平
建设和平是涉及联合国全系统的任务。建设和平委员会（PBC）是联合国改革的重要成果，是联合国系统内首个协调冲突后重建的机构，地位独特，作用突出。中方一贯支持联合国在冲突后重建工作中发挥领导作用，支持PBC及建设和平基金（PBF）工作。下阶段，PBC应进一步完善内部机制建设，加强与联合国其他机构协调，强化与当事国的伙伴关系，并更好地发挥PBF的作用。联大、安理会、经社会等相关机构均应结合各自特点发挥优势，为PBC工作提供支持。
3. Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict
China is deeply concerned about the life and property of civilians affected and threatened by armed conflicts and urges the parties concerned to abide by the international humanitarian law and the relevant Security Council resolutions in good faith and give full protection to civilians caught up in armed conflicts.
The responsibility to protect civilians rests first with the government of the country involved under the Charter of the United Nations and the international humanitarian law. When providing assistance, the international community and external organizations should adhere to the principles of impartiality, neutrality and objectiveness, seek the consent of the recipient countries, fully respect their sovereignty and territorial integrity and refrain from interfering in local political disputes or impeding the peace process.
The protection of civilians should be incorporated into the political process aimed at peaceful solution to conflict. It should also be given priority in post-conflict peace-rebuilding. Relevant UN agencies should strengthen coordination and forge synergy for this purpose. （三）武装冲突中保护平民
中国对平民生命、财产安全在武装冲突中受影响和威胁深表关切，敦促各方认真遵守国际人道法和安理会有关决议，在武装冲突中充分保护平民。
根据《联合国宪章》和国际人道法，保护平民的责任首先在于当事国。国际社会和外部组织的帮助应坚持公正、中立和客观原则，获得当事国同意，并充分尊重当事国主权与领土完整，避免介入当地政治纷争或影响和平进程。
要把保护平民问题放在和平解决冲突的政治进程中加以处理。在冲突后和平重建中也应重视保护平民。联合国各有关机构应加强协调，形成合力。
4. Counter-Terrorism
China supports combating terrorism in all its manifestations. The international community should, when fighting against terrorism, act on the Charter of the United Nations, the international law and other universally recognized norms governing international relations and give full play to the
leading and coordinating role of the UN and its Security Council.
China supports the active role of the Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee and the General Assembly Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force in coordinating counter-terrorism efforts among countries. China endorses and takes an active part in the drafting of the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism, and hopes all parties will continue consultation in a constructive and cooperative spirit and reach consensus at an early date.
China stands for a holistic approach which addresses both the symptoms and root causes of terrorism. By making full use of its advantages, the UN can play an active role in eliminating poverty and other root causes of terrorism, promote dialogues between civilizations and assist developing countries in counter-terrorism capacity building. China opposes the linkage of terrorism to certain countries, ethnic groups, religions or civilizations and is against double standards.
China, as a long-time, active participant in international cooperation against terrorism, stands ready to enhance exchanges and cooperation with various parties and work for new progress in international counter-terrorism cooperation with a view to maintaining regional and international peace and stability. （四）反对恐怖主义
中国支持打击一切形式的恐怖主义。国际社会的反恐努力应以《联合国宪章》、国际法和其他公认的国际关系准则为基础，充分发挥联合国及其安理会的领导与协调作用。 中国支持安理会反恐委员会及联大反恐执行工作组发挥积极作用，协调各国打击恐怖主义的努力。中国支持并积极参与制定《关于国际恐怖主义的全面公约》，希望各方本着建设性的合作态度继续进行协商，尽早达成一致。
中国主张反恐采取综合办法，标本兼治。联合国应发挥自身优势，在消除贫困等滋生恐怖主义的根源问题上发挥积极作用，促进不同文明之间对话，帮助发展中国家加强反恐能力建设。反对将恐怖主义与特定的国家、民族、宗教或文明挂钩，或采取双重标准。 中国一贯积极参与国际反恐合作进程，愿继续加强与各方的反恐交流合作，推动国际反恐合作不断取得新进展，维护地区和世界和平稳定。
5. Situation on the Korean Peninsula
The current situation on the Korean Peninsula remains complex and sensitive. A Korean Peninsula that enjoys peace, stability, progress and prosperity serves the common interests of countries in the region, China included, and the rest of the international community. China hopes that the parties concerned will adopt a long-term perspective, solve relevant issues through dialogue and consultation, continue to push forward the Six-Party Talks, and work together for peace and stability on the Peninsula and lasting peace and tranquility in the region. 五）朝鲜半岛局势问题 当前朝鲜半岛局势仍然复杂敏感。和平、稳定、发展、繁荣的朝鲜半岛符合包括中国在内等地区国家及国际社会的共同利益。中国希望有关各方着眼长远，通过对话协商解决有关问题，继续推动六方会谈进程，共同致力于维护朝鲜半岛和平稳定，实现本地区的长治久安。
6. The Myanmar Issue
China hopes to see stability in Myanmar and national reconciliation through consultation between the parties in the country and a successful general election for realization of democracy and development. The Myanmar issue is, in essence, a country's internal affair. The international community should provide constructive assistance to Myanmar to create an enabling
environment for a successful nationwide general election as well as gradual progress in political reconciliation, democracy and development. Imposing sanctions and exerting pressure will not help solve the issue. China supports the efforts of the good offices of the UN Secretary-General and his Special Adviser. （六）缅甸问题
中国希望缅甸保持稳定，国内有关各方通过协商达成民族和解，顺利举行大选，实现民主与发展。缅甸问题本质上属于一国内部事务，国际社会应向缅甸提供建设性帮助，为缅全国大选的顺利举行和推进缅甸国内政治和解、逐步实现民主与发展创造宽松环境。制裁和施压无助于问题的解决。中国支持联合国秘书长及其特别顾问的斡旋努力。
7. The Afghan Issue
The situation in Afghanistan concerns peace and stability in the region and beyond as well as the smooth progress of the international counter-terrorism efforts. Despite positive progress, the reconstruction process in Afghanistan still faces numerous challenges. To succeed, it requires, first and foremost, the determined efforts of the Afghan government. It also calls for strong support from the international community.
China has consistently supported and actively participated in Afghanistan's peaceful reconstruction. China applauds the formulation of the Afghanistan National Development Strategy, supports the priority programs it has identified, supports further implementation of theAfghanistan Compact and the Kabul Process, and respects the leading role of the Afghan government and people in advancing this process. We call on the international community to continue to devote attention to and make inputs in Afghanistan and intensify coordination and cooperation. China supports the UN in continuing to play a leading role in resolving the Afghan issue. （七）阿富汗问题
阿富汗局势事关国际和地区的和平与稳定，也事关国际反恐斗争的顺利进行。阿富汗重建进程已取得积极进展，但仍面临诸多挑战。阿重建首先需要阿的坚定努力，也需要国际社会的有力支持。
中国一贯支持并积极参与阿富汗和平重建，赞赏阿富汗制订《国家发展战略》，支持其确定的优先发展项目，支持继续推进落实《阿富汗契约》和“喀布尔进程”，尊重阿富汗和人民在该进程中的主导权。我们呼吁国际社会给予阿持续关注和投入，并加强彼此间的协调与配合。中国支持联合国继续在解决阿富汗问题方面发挥主导作用。
8. The Iranian Nuclear Issue
China supports upholding the international nuclear non-proliferation regime and maintaining peace and stability in the Middle East. China is of the view that Iran, as a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), is entitled to the peaceful use of nuclear energy and at the same time obliged to fulfill relevant international obligations.
China stands for negotiated settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue through dialogue. The parties concerned should step up diplomatic efforts to facilitate an early resumption of talks and work together to push for positive progress in the talks with a flexible and pragmatic attitude.
China has long been committed to encouraging dialogue for peace and will continue to play a constructive role in pushing for the peaceful settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue. （八）伊朗核问题
中国支持维护国际核不扩散体系，维护中东地区的和平与稳定。中方认为，伊朗作为《不扩散核武器条约》的缔约国，享有和平利用核能的权利，同时也应履行相应的国际义务。
中方主张通过对话谈判解决伊朗核问题。有关各方应加大外交努力，尽快恢复有关对话，并采取灵活、务实的态度，共同推动对话取得积极进展。
中方一直致力于劝和促谈，愿继续为和平解决伊朗核问题发挥建设性作用。
9. The Middle East Issue
China has always supported the Middle East peace process. It is China's long-held position that the parties concerned in the Middle East issue properly solve their disputes through negotiation on the basis of relevant UN resolutions, the principle of \"land for peace\and the Middle East Roadmap for Peace with the ultimate goal of establishing an independent Palestinian state and achieving normalization of relations between Israel and all Arab countries. Peaceful negotiation is the only right way leading to a solution to the Middle East issue. We hope Palestine and Israel will remain committed to negotiation and advance the peace talks in an earnest and responsible manner. The processes between Syria and Israel and between Lebanon and Israel are important components of the Middle East peace process and deserve equal attention and commitment. China will work together with the international community for a just, comprehensive and enduring settlement of the Middle East issue（九）中东问题
中国一贯支持中东和平进程，主张中东问题有关各方在联合国有关决议、“土地换和平”原则、“阿拉伯和平倡议”和中东和平“路线图”计划等基础上，通过谈判妥善解决彼此争端，最终实现巴勒斯坦建国，以色列同所有阿拉伯国家关系正常化。 和平谈判是解决中东问题的唯一正确途径。希望巴以双方坚持谈判道路，以严肃认真和负责任的态度推动和谈不断向前发展。叙以、黎以两线是中东和平进程的重要组成部分，同样应予重视和推进。中国愿与国际社会一道，推动中东问题早日得到公正、全面、持久的解决。 .
10. The Issue of Sudan
China supports the North-South peace process in Sudan and stands for proper settlement of disputes through dialogue and consultation on the basis of mutual understanding and accommodation and comprehensive implementation of the North-South Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA). China notes that CPA stresses the importance of making unification attractive and no prejudging of Southern Sudan referendum results by any party. The international community should fully respect Sudan's sovereignty as well as the will and choice of the Sudanese people and ensure overall peace and stability in Sudan and the region as a whole.
China supports the political settlement of the Darfur issue and maintains that the role of the UN-AU-Sudan tripartite mechanism should be brought into full play as the main channel and the \"double-track\" strategy should be advanced to promote balanced progress in peacekeeping deployment and political negotiation. What is particularly important is to encourage major factions in Darfur to join the political negotiation process at an early date. At the same time, it is imperative to help Sudan improve the humanitarian and security situation and realize peace, stability and development in Darfur as soon as possible.
China takes the issue of \"impunity\" seriously. However,we are gravely concerned about the move by the International Criminal Court against Sudanese President Bashir. We call on the international community to value and respect the position reiterated by the African Union Summit in July 2010. We believe the measures taken on the Darfur issue should facilitate stability in Sudan and proper settlement of the Darfur issue.
China has made efforts to facilitate the settlement of the issue of Sudan. In Southern Sudan, China has provided 66 million RMB yuan in gratis assistance, helped with human resources training and contributed to local development. China has provided Darfur with 180 million RMB yuan worth of humanitarian and development assistance and contributed US$2.3 million and US$1 million to the AU and UN trust funds respectively. China has also actively participated in the UN Mission in the Sudan and the AU-UN Hybrid Operation in Darfur. China will continue to work for the proper settlement of the issue of Sudan. （十）苏丹问题 中方支持苏丹北南和平进程，主张北南双方本着互谅互让的精神，通过对话和协商妥善解决有关分歧，全面落实北南《全面和平协议》（CPA）。中方注意到CPA强调应使统一具有吸引力，有关方面不应预设南方公投结果。国际社会应充分尊重苏丹的主权，尊重苏丹人民的意愿和选择，确保苏丹及地区的和平稳定大局。
中方支持达尔富尔问题的政治解决，主张应充分发挥联合国、非盟、苏丹“三方机制”的主渠道作用，平衡推进维和部署和政治谈判的“双轨”战略，特别是推动达尔富尔地区主要派别尽快加入政治谈判进程。同时，应帮助苏丹改善达尔富尔人道和安全局势，早日实现该地区的和平、稳定与发展。 中国重视“有罪不罚”问题。我们对国际刑事对苏丹总统巴希尔采取的行动表示严重关切，呼吁国际社会重视并尊重今年7月召开的非盟首脑会再次就此表明的立场，认为针对苏丹问题的举措应当有助于维护苏丹局势的稳定和促进苏丹问题的解决。
中方为推动苏丹问题的解决做出了自己的努力。中方向苏丹南方提供了6600万元人民币的无偿援助，并为南方培训人才，参与南方建设。中方向达尔富尔地区提供了1.8亿元人民币人道和发展援助，向非盟和联合国信托基金分别提供了230万美元和100万美元捐款。中方还积极参与联合国苏丹特派团和联合国/非盟达尔富尔特派团的维和行动。中方将继续为推动苏丹问题的妥善解决做出自己的努力。
11. The Issue of Somalia
China is concerned about the situation in Somalia and hopes that the parties concerned in Somalia will put the interests of the country and its people above everything else and solve their disputes through dialogue and consultation so as to bring about peace and stability at an early date. China supports the efforts of Somalia's Transitional Federal Government to seek national reconciliation and those of the African Union and other regional organizations to advance the peace process in Somalia. China calls on the international community to render greater support to the Transitional Federal Government and AU's peacekeeping operations in Somalia. In recent years, China has on many occasions provided assistance to the Transitional Federal Government and AU's peacekeeping operations in Somalia. We will continue to work with the international community to play a constructive role in moving forward the peace process in Somalia.
Despite recent progress in international cooperation on the fight against piracy off the coast of Somalia, the threat of pirate attacks is far from being eliminated and stronger coordination and cooperation are needed. China supports anti-piracy efforts off the coast of Somalia in accordance with international law and relevant Security Council resolutions and has engaged in international cooperation to safeguard shipping order and safety in the Somali waters. At the same time, the international community should lay stress on removing the root causes of piracy, help Somalia achieve peace and stability at an early date and help strengthen capacity building in Somalia and other littoral countries（十一）索马里问题 中国对索马里局势表示关注，希望索有关各方以国家和人民的利益为重，通过对话和协
商解决分歧，早日实现和平与稳定。中国支持索过渡联邦寻求民族和解以及非盟和有关地区组织为推动索和平进程所做的努力，呼吁国际社会加大对索马里过渡联邦和非盟在索维和行动的支持力度。近年来，中方多次向索过渡联邦和非盟在索维和行动提供援助。我们愿同国际社会一道，为推动索和平进程继续发挥建设性作用。
近来，国际合作打击索马里海盗的努力取得一定成效，但海盗袭击威胁远未铲除，需各国进一步加强协调与合作，共同努力予以打击。中国支持根据相关国际法和安理会决议打击索马里海域海盗，并就此开展国际合作，维护该海域航运秩序和安全。同时，国际社会还应重视解决滋生海盗的根源性问题，尽快实现索马里的和平稳定，不断加强索及其他沿岸国家的能力建设。 .
12. The Kosovo Issue
It is the common objective of the international community to properly resolve the Kosovo issue and build a Kosovo where diverse ethnic groups live together in harmony. The best way to resolve the issue of Kosovo's status is for the Serbian government and the Kosovo authorities to reach a mutually acceptable solution through negotiation within the framework of relevant Security Council resolutions. This is also what the international community should continue to work for. Respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity is a fundamental principle of the contemporary international legal regime and constitutes the basis for the contemporary international legal order. China respects Serbia's sovereignty and territorial integrity and takes note of the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Kosovo issue. We believe that the advisory opinion is no obstacle to a proper settlement to the issue through negotiation between the parties concerned on the basis of relevant Security Council resolutions. 十二）科索沃问题 妥善解决科索沃问题，建设多族裔和谐共存的科索沃是国际社会的共同目标。塞尔维亚和科索沃当局在安理会相关决议规定的框架内，通过谈判达成彼此均可接受的方案，是解决科索沃地位问题的最佳途径，也是国际社会应继续努力的方向。 尊重国家主权和领土完整是当代国际法制度的一项根本性原则，是当代国际法律秩序的基础。中方尊重塞尔维亚的主权和领土完整，注意到国际关于科索沃问题的咨询意见。我们认为，国际的咨询意见并不妨碍当事方在安理会相关决议内通过谈判妥善解决问题。
IV. Development Issues
1. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
The UN MDGs serve as the framework for international development cooperation. The international community has made some progress in implementing the MDGs over the past decade. But it remains a long and uphill journey worldwide to meet the goals on schedule by 2015.
The UN will hold a High-level Event in September to discuss ways to realize the MDGs before 2015 and formulate action strategies accordingly. The international community should see this as a good opportunity to consolidate political consensus so as to achieve positive results that are operable and deliverable. To this end, the international community should encourage and support countries in taking development paths that suit their national realities and exploring growth patterns that will achieve development and reduce poverty. They should also strive to build a global development partnership of equality, mutual benefit and win-win progress.
Strengthening and improving the UN MDGs working mechanisms calls for better coordination and progress assessment of the various goals as well as monitoring the implementation of international development aid. The international community needs to show determination to act decisively, and take pragmatic and effective measures, to create favorable external environment for developing countries, and help them, especially African countries to realize the MDGs at an early date. 四、发展问题 （一）千年发展目标
联合国千年发展目标是指导国际发展合作的纲领性文件。10年来，国际社会在落实千年发展目标方面取得一定进展，但从全球来看，要在2015年如期实现各项目标任重道远。 联合国将于9月举行高级别会议，讨论如何在2015年6月前实现千年发展目标，并制订相应行动战略。国际社会应以此为契机，进一步凝聚政治共识，争取取得面向行动、可以落实的积极成果。国际社会应鼓励和支持各国走适合本国国情的发展道路，探索有利于发展和消除贫困的发展模式；建立平等、互利、共赢的全球发展伙伴关系；加强并完善联合国千年发展目标工作机制，既要加强协调、评估落实各项目标的进展情况，也要监督国际发展援助落实情况。国际社会需要拿出果断行动的决心和务实有效的举措，为发展中国家实现千年发展目标创造良好的外部环境，帮助发展中国国家、尤其是非洲国家早日实现千年发展目标。
2. Africa's Development
Development is a pressing and arduous task facing Africa. The international community, developed countries in particular, should continue to offer more support and help to Africa, effectively honor their commitments of aid for Africa, and enhance African countries' capacity for self-development through opening markets, transferring technologies and increasing investment and other measures. They should assist Africa in upholding and consolidating peace and stability, respect African countries' independent choice of development patterns and provide support for African countries' development. They should push for a just and equitable new international political and economic order so as to create favorable external conditions for Africa's development. They should encourage South-South cooperation as a useful supplement to North-South cooperation.
China is always committed to peace and development in Africa. In the past few years, although seriously impacted by the international financial crisis, China has earnestly implemented various aid and cooperation measures, increased assistance to Africa by a large margin, reduced or canceled debts owed by the heavily indebted poor countries and the least developed countries in Africa, and maintained trade and investment levels. At the Fourth Ministerial Conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation last November, the Chinese government announced a host of policy measures in support of African development. China is earnestly delivering on those commitments to make sure African countries and people benefit from them at an early date. China is ready to work with African countries and the international community to continue its contribution to the development of Africa. （二）非洲发展
发展是非洲面临的紧迫而艰巨任务。国际社会特别是发达国家应高度重视非洲发展问题，继续加大对非洲的支持和帮助，切实履行援非承诺，通过开放市场、技术转让、增加投资等措施提升非洲国家自主发展能力；应帮助非洲维护和巩固和平稳定局面，尊重非洲国家自主选择发展模式，为非洲国家发展提供保障；应推动建立更加公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序，为非洲发展创造有利的外部条件；应加强南南合作，形成对南北合作的有益补充。 中国一直积极致力于非洲和平与发展事业。近年来，在自身遭受国际金融危机冲击的情
况下，中国认真落实各项对非援助与合作举措，大幅增加对非援助，减免非洲重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，努力保持对非贸易和投资力度。去年11月，中国在中非合作论坛第四届级会议上宣布了一系列支持非洲发展的措施。中国正认真落实上述承诺，确保非洲国家和人民尽快受益。中国愿与非洲国家和国际社会一道，继续为非洲的发展事业作出自己的贡献。
3. Food Security
Food security is the foundation of economic growth and social stability and an important prerequisite for the independence of a country and peace in the world. Food security is in essence a development issue; therefore, the international community should approach and deal with food security from the perspective of the survival and common development of mankind, and make concerted efforts to safeguard global food security. In this connection, China proposes the following:
– Increase input in agriculture and improve grain production in order to safeguard food supply and maintain an overall balance between grain supply and demand.
– Advance institutional reform and improve the governance system. The establishment of a global food security governance mechanism and security system that is equitable, practical, balanced and durable should be encouraged, and the global grain production, reserve and distribution should become more equitable and sustainable.
– Bear in mind the long-term and overall interests, push for positive results at the Doha Round agricultural negotiation, and foster an enabling international environment for developing countries in trade, finance, intellectual property rights and other fields related to agricultural products.
– Take a holistic view and achieve all-round and balanced development. Food security is closely related to economic growth, social progress, climate change and energy security. The international community should take a comprehensive approach to ensure sustainable food security. （二）非洲发展
发展是非洲面临的紧迫而艰巨任务。国际社会特别是发达国家应高度重视非洲发展问题，继续加大对非洲的支持和帮助，切实履行援非承诺，通过开放市场、技术转让、增加投资等措施提升非洲国家自主发展能力；应帮助非洲维护和巩固和平稳定局面，尊重非洲国家自主选择发展模式，为非洲国家发展提供保障；应推动建立更加公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序，为非洲发展创造有利的外部条件；应加强南南合作，形成对南北合作的有益补充。 中国一直积极致力于非洲和平与发展事业。近年来，在自身遭受国际金融危机冲击的情况下，中国认真落实各项对非援助与合作举措，大幅增加对非援助，减免非洲重债穷国和最不发达国家债务，努力保持对非贸易和投资力度。去年11月，中国在中非合作论坛第四届级会议上宣布了一系列支持非洲发展的措施。中国正认真落实上述承诺，确保非洲国家和人民尽快受益。中国愿与非洲国家和国际社会一道，继续为非洲的发展事业作出自己的贡献。
4. Energy Security
Energy security bears closely on the growth of the world economy and the well-being of people around the world. In the aftermath of the international financial crisis, upholding global energy security is of special significance to the global efforts to effectively tackle the crisis and push for the full recovery and long-term development of the world economy.
To this end, the international community should work to stabilize energy price and prevent excessive speculation to meet the energy demand of countries, developing countries in particular. We should improve energy mix, promote the development of new energy and renewable energy and related cooperation, build up an R&D and dissemination system for advanced energy technologies and strengthen technology transfer and financial support to developing countries. We should coordinate international cooperation in energy and development and assist developing countries in growing their economies and improving people's livelihood through poverty alleviation programs based on energy development. （四）能源安全
能源安全同世界经济发展、各国人民福祉息息相关。特别是在国际金融危机发生后，维护全球能源安全对有效应对国际金融危机冲击、推动世界经济全面复苏和长远发展具有重要意义。 为此，国际社会应稳定能源价格，防止过度投机，保障各国特别是发展中国家能源需求；改善能源结构，加强开发新能源和可再生能源，及其相关合作；构建先进能源技术研发和推广体系，促进对发展中国家的技术转让和资金支持；促进国际能源合作同国际发展合作相结合，通过能源扶贫帮助发展中国家发展经济、改善民生。
5. Climate Change
Climate change, a major challenge facing today's world, needs to be addressed through international cooperation. Climate change is primarily caused by developed countries' historical cumulative emissions over several centuries and their current high per capita emissions. Developed countries bear unshirkable responsiblity for climate change and they should continue to take the lead in emission reduction, and honor their obligations of providing financial resources and technology transfers to developing countries set forth in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol. Developing countries are the main victims of climate change. Facing the pressing tasks of development and poverty eradication, they will nonetheless contribute their part to the joint efforts to cope with climate change by embarking on the road of sustainable development.
In essence, climate change is a development issue, and should be addressed in the context of sustainable development. In the international climate change cooperation, the principles of equity and \"common but differentiated responsibilities\" should be observed and the role of UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol as the main channel of international cooperation should be upheld. The stage of development and level of economic and social development of the developing countries is hugely different from that of the developed countries. Therefore, developing countries will take voluntary, appropriate mitigation actions supported by finance and technology transfer from the developed countries,in the context of sustainable development which is in essence different from the quantified reduction obligation of the developed countries, and this is in line with the fundamental principle of the UNFCCC and relevant provisions of the Bali Roadmap.
To push for positive outcome at the UN climate change conference scheduled for the end of the year in Cancun, Mexico, parties concerned should build on the achievements of the Copenhagen Conference and move in the right direction as mandated by the Bali Roadmap, fully respect the developing countries' development stages and rights, and translate the related provisions of the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol into reality. We hope the developed countries will fully
demonstrate political sincerity, fulfill their obligations and honor their commitments in good faith, and make positive contribution to the international cooperation on tackling climate change.
The Chinese government values the positive role of the UN in promoting international cooperation on climate change. China is ready to take an active and constructive attitude and engage other parties in thorough and candid exchanges of views on major issues so as to breathe new life into the international cooperation on climate change. （五）气候变化 气候变化是当今世界面临的重大挑战，需各国合作应对。气候变化主要是发达国家长期历史排放和当前高人均排放造成的，发达国家对气候变化负有不可推卸的责任，应在2012年后继续率先减排，并切实履行《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》规定的向发展中国家提供资金和转让技术的义务。发展中国家是气候变化的主要受害者，虽然面临发展和消除贫困的紧迫任务，仍将通过走可持续发展道路为共同应对气候变化作出贡献。 气候变化问题从根本上说是发展问题，应在可持续发展的框架内解决。气候变化国际合作应坚持公平原则和“共同但有区别的责任”原则，维护《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》的主渠道作用。发展中国家和发达国家所处的发展阶段、经济和社会发展水平有巨大差异，发展中国家的减缓行动与发达国家的量化减排义务有本质区别，这符合《联合国气候变化框架公约》的基本原则以及“巴厘路线图”的相关规定。
为推动年底墨西哥坎昆气候变化会议取得积极成果，各方应在哥本哈根会议成果基础上，沿着巴厘路线图确定的正确方向，充分尊重发展中国家的发展阶段和发展权，将《公约》和《议定书》的有关规定落到实处。我们希望发达国家充分展示政治诚意，切实履行义务和兑现承诺，为国际社会合作应对气候变化做出积极的贡献。
中国重视联合国在推动气候变化国际合作方面发挥的积极作用。中方愿本着积极、建设性态度就气候变化国际合作的重大问题与各方充分、坦诚交换意见，为气候变化国际合作注入新的动力。
6. South-South Cooperation
For developing countries, South-South cooperation is an important channel to draw on the strength of each other and realize common development, as well as an important means to help each other to address development challenges. In recent years, South-South cooperation has achieved positive progress, generating active trade and investment among the developing countries. Some new mechanisms and initiatives have been launched among developing countries, injecting new vitality into South-South cooperation.
China believes that there should be vigorous consultation and coordination on major international issues between the developing countries, where they could coordinate their actions to uphold their legitimate rights and interests. They should, in the spirit of equality and mutual benefit, continue to explore new channels, content and models of cooperation in the light of their own needs and the evolving situation. They should also enhance coordination and make full use of multilateral mechanisms. Due to the impact of the international financial crisis, the development environment the developing countries find themselves in is hardly optimistic. In such circumstances, it is even more imperative for developing countries to strengthen South-South cooperation to meet challenges and achieve the sound and sustained development of their economies. （六）南南合作 南南合作是发展中国家间取长补短、实现共同发展的重要渠道，是发展中国家相互帮助，携手应对各种发展挑战的重要途径。近年来，南南合作取得积极进展，南方国家之间贸易、投资活跃。发展中国家间还建立了一些新机制和倡议，为南南合作注入新活力。
中方认为，发展中国家应在重大国际问题上积极开展磋商与协调，采取一致行动，共同维护正当权益；应根据形势发展和自身需要，本着平等互利原则，不断拓展合作渠道、丰富合作内涵、创新合作模式；还应加强协调，有效利用多边机制。受国际金融危机的影响，广大发展中国家面临的发展环境不容乐观，在此形势下，广大发展中国家更要加强南南合作，共同应对危机，促进经济健康持续增长。
7. Financing for Development
The inadequate financing for development has always been a major impediment to international development. This issue becomes more prominent against the serious impact of the global financial crisis on low-income countries.
The pressing task is to establish a sound global development partnership featuring equality, mutual benefit and win-win results, implement the Monterrey Consensus, and ensure that the MDGs are met on schedule. China calls for efforts in the following five key areas. First, increase the resources and strengthen the institutions of development. Second, developed countries should deliver on their commitments to 0.7% of the gross national income for official development assistance (ODA) and further reduce or cancel debts owed by the developing countries and open markets to them. Third, endeavor to reduce the damage of the financial crisis on the developing countries, particularly the least developed countries, and take concrete actions to help them maintain financial stability and economic growth. Fourth, curb trade protectionism and push the Doha Round negotiations to achieve the development objectives at an early date. Fifth, create favorable external development environment for developing countries, and oppose implementing economic, commercial, and financial blockade measures against developing countries arbitrarily. （七）发展筹资
发展融资不足问题一直是国际发展领域面临的主要挑战，特别是在全球金融危机给低收入国家造成严重冲击的背景下，这一问题显得更加突出。 当务之急是建立并完善平等、互利、共赢的全球发展伙伴关系，切实落实《蒙特雷共识》，确保如期实现千年发展目标。中国主张，重点从以下五方面做出努力：一是增加发展资源，加强发展机构。二是发达国家应兑现官方发展援助占国民总收入0.7%的承诺，并进一步对发展中国家减免债务和开放市场。三是努力减少金融危机对发展中国家特别是最不发达国家造成的损害，切实帮助其保持金融稳定和经济增长。四是抑制贸易保护主义，推动多哈回合谈判早日达成发展回合目标。五是为发展中国家创造良好外部发展环境，反对动辄对发展中国家采取经济、商业、金融封锁等措施。
8. Doha Round Negotiations
Success in the Doha Round negotiations will be in the interests of all parties concerned, as it will help increase the level of openness in international trade, curb trade protectionism, and promote world economic recovery and sustainable development.
China has always committed itself to building a fair, equitable and non-discriminatory multilateral trading regime and taken a constructive and positive approach to the Doha Round negotiations. We stand for an early resolution of the outstanding issues follow the principle of \"consistent with its mandate, locking in the progress already made and basing the negotiations on the existing texts\
Doha Round is the development round and should fully accommodate the interests and concerns of developing countries, particularly the least developed countries and truly reflect the special
and differential treatment for them（八）多哈回合谈判
多哈回合谈判取得成功，有利于提升国际贸易开放水平，抑制贸易保护主义，促进世界经济复苏和可持续发展，符合各方共同利益。
中国始终致力于建立公正、合理、非歧视的多边贸易，一直以建设性姿态积极参与多哈回合谈判。我们主张，按照“尊重谈判授权、锁定已有成果、以现有案文为基础”的原则，尽快解决遗留问题，推动多哈回合谈判取得全面、平衡的成果。 多哈回合是发展回合，应充分照顾发展中国家特别是最不发达国家的利益和关切，真正体现对他们的特殊和差别待遇 .
9. Reform of the International Financial System
The international financial crisis fully exposed the deficiencies and inadequacies of the existing global economic governance system. It is in the interest of the international community to strengthen global economic governance and build an institutional framework conducive to the long-term, healthy and stable development of the world economy. The consensus is to make necessary reforms to the existing international financial system and establish a fair, equitable, inclusive and well-managed international financial system. China has the following proposals. – Improve the international financial governance system, accelerate the process of the reform of the international financial institutions, increase the representation and voice of emerging markets and developing countries, and ensure that the quantitative target of IMF quota reform is met before the G20 Summit in Seoul.
– Improve the international financial supervisory and regulatory system, strengthen surveillance on the developed economies having important financial centers and their macro-economic policies, strengthen regulation and oversight over financial institutions of systemic importance and credit rating agencies, strengthen supervision over the capital flows across borders and formulate globally consistent accounting codes.
– Improve the international monetary system, improve the reserve currency issuing regulatory regime and maintain relative stability of exchange rates of major reserve currencies. （九）国际金融体系改革
国际金融危机充分暴露了现行全球经济治理体系的弊端和不足。加强全球经济治理，塑造一个有利于世界经济长期健康稳定发展的框架，符合国际社会共同利益。各方都希望对现有国际金融体系进行必要改革，目标是建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融体系。中国主张：
——应完善国际金融治理体系，加快推进国际金融机构改革，提高新兴市场国家和发展中国家的发言权和代表性，确保二十国集团首尔峰会前完成国际货币基金组织份额改革目标。
——应完善全球金融监管体系，加强对具有重要金融中心的发达经济体及其宏观经济的监督，加强对系统重要性金融机构和评级机构的监管，加强对跨境资本流动的监督，制订全球统一的会计准则。
——应完善国际货币体系，健全储备货币发行机制，保持主要储备货币汇率相对稳定。
V. Arms Control, Disarmament and Non-proliferation
China has consistently attached importance to and supported international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation efforts and stood for the complete prohibition and thorough
destruction of all weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) including nuclear, biological and chemical weapons.
China is firmly opposed to the proliferation of WMDs and their means of delivery, and earnestly and strictly fulfills its international obligations and commitments. To attain the goal of non-proliferation, countries should commit themselves to fostering an international and regional security environment featuring mutual trust and cooperation, eliminate the motives and causes of proliferation of WMDs, stick to political and diplomatic settlement of non-proliferation issues, earnestly maintain and strengthen the international non-proliferation regime, strike a balance between non-proliferation and peaceful use of science and technology, and discard double standards.
China has consistently stood for and actively advocated the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. China firmly adheres to a defensive nuclear strategy and upholds its commitment that it will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that it will not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones under any condition. China has persistently exercised the utmost restraint with regard to the scale and development of its nuclear weapons. China does not deploy any nuclear weapons in other countries, does not join any form of nuclear arms race, and will continue to keep its nuclear force at the minimal level required for national security needs.
China firmly supports the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and is actively promoting its early entry into force. China supports the Conference on Disarmament in concluding a comprehensive and balanced program of work as soon as possible, launching negotiations on the Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty at an early date, and beginning substantive discussions on the prevention of an arms race in outer space, security assurances to non-nuclear-weapon states, and other agenda items.
China always maintains that the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is the cornerstone of the international nuclear non-proliferation regime. China welcomes the positive outcome of the 2010 NPT Review Conference and hopes that all parties can make joint efforts to implement earnestly the Final Document of the Conference. Under the current circumstances, the parties should continue to uphold and strengthen the universality, authority and effectiveness of the NPT so that it will play a greater role in preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons and promoting nuclear disarmament and the peaceful use of nuclear energy.
China attaches importance to the issue of nuclear security, opposes nuclear terrorism, supports closer international cooperation and welcomes the progress made in this regard at the Nuclear Security Summit in Washington, DC.
China supports the purposes and objectives of the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Biological Weapons Convention, fully and strictly fulfilling the obligations under the two Conventions and backing the enhancement of their universality. Meanwhile, China calls on countries in possession of chemical weapons or having abandoned chemical weapons on the territories of other countries to intensify efforts to speed up the destruction of chemical weapons.
China has consistently stood for the peaceful use of outer space and opposed weaponization of and an arms race in outer space. Formulating relevant international legal instruments through negotiation is the best way to safeguard enduring peace and security in outer space.
China attaches importance to the issue of information security and supports the UN in playing a leading role in this regard, having participated in the work of the successive UN Groups of Governmental Experts constructively. China welcomes the conclusion of the Final Report by the UN Group of Governmental Experts on the issue of information security for the first time and believes that it is conducive to the international efforts to jointly respond to the threats and challenges in the field of information security.
China attaches importance to military transparency and has been committed to enhancing mutual trust in the military field with other countries. In 2007, China joined the UN Standardized Instrument for Reporting Military Expenditures and returned to the UN Register of Conventional Arms. China supports and will actively participate in the work of the UN Group of Governmental Experts on the Standardized Instrument for Reporting Military Expenditures.
China attaches importance to the humanitarian issues in the field of arms control and actively commits itself to enhancing the universality and effectiveness of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) and its Protocols. China ratified in April 2010 the Protocol on Explosive Remnants of War annexed to CCW, and has participated in the negotiation of the CCW Group of Governmental Experts on cluster munitions constructively. China has actively engaged in international de-mining assistance and assisted relevant countries in getting rid of landmines. China supports the international efforts on combating illicit trade in small arms and light weapons and earnestly implements the United Nations Program of Action to Prevent, Combat and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects and the International Instrument to Enable States to Identify and Trace, in a Timely and Reliable Manner, Illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons. 五、军控、裁军与防扩散
中国一贯重视并支持国际军控、裁军与防扩散努力，主张全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器、化学武器、生物武器等各类大规模杀伤性武器。
中国坚决反对大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的扩散，认真、严格履行中方承担的国际义务和相关承诺。为实现防扩散目标，各国应致力于营造互信、合作的国际和地区安全环境，消除大规模杀伤性武器扩散的动因；坚持通过政治外交手段解决防扩散问题；切实维护和加强国际防扩散机制；平衡处理防扩散与和平利用科学技术的关系，摒弃双重标准。
中国一贯主张并积极倡导全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器。中国坚定奉行自卫防御的核战略，始终恪守在任何时候、任何情况下不首先使用核武器，无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺。中国在核武器的规模和发展方面始终采取极为克制的态度，不在别国部署核武器，从不参加任何形式的核军备竞赛，将继续把自身核力量维持在需要的最低水平。
中国坚定支持《全面禁止核试验条约》，并积极推动条约早日生效。中国支持裁谈会尽快达成全面平衡的工作计划，早日启动“禁产条约”谈判，并就防止外空军备竞赛、“无核安保”等议题开展实质性讨论。 中国始终认为，《不扩散核武器条约》是国际核不扩散机制的基石，欢迎条约2010年审议大会取得积极成果，希望各方共同努力，认真落实大会制定的最后文件。当前形势下，各方应继续维护和加强条约的普遍性、权威性和有效性，使条约在防止核武器扩散，推动核裁军和促进和平利用核能方面发挥更大作用。
中国重视核安全问题，反对核恐怖主义，支持加强相关国际合作，欢迎华盛顿核安全峰会在此方面取得的进展。
中国支持《禁止化学武器公约》和《禁止生物武器公约》的宗旨和目标，全面、严格履行两公约义务，支持不断加强两公约的普遍性。同时，呼吁化武拥有国和遗弃国进一步加大
工作力度，加快销毁进度。
中国一贯主张和平利用外空，反对外空武器化和外空军备竞赛，认为谈判制定相关国际法律文书是维护外空永久和平与安全的最佳途径。 中国重视信息安全问题，支持联合国在此方面发挥主导作用，以建设性态度参加了历届联合国专家组工作。中国欢迎联合国信息安全问题专家组首次达成最后报告，认为这有助于国际社会共同应对信息安全领域的威胁与挑战。
中国重视军事透明问题，致力于增进与世界各国的军事互信。从2007年起，中国参加了联合费透明制度，并恢复参加联合国常规武器登记册。中国支持并将积极参与联合费透明专家组工作。
中国重视军控领域的人道主义问题，积极致力于增强《特定常规武器公约》及所附议定书的普遍性和有效性，于2010年4月批准了公约所附《战争遗留爆炸物议定书》，并以建设性姿态参加公约专家组有关集束弹药问题的谈判。中国积极参与国际扫雷援助活动，努力帮助有关国家摆脱雷患困扰。中国支持打击小武器非法贸易的国际努力，认真落实联合国小武器《行动纲领》和《识别与追查非法小武器国际文书》。
VI. Human Rights
Governments of all countries in the world are duty-bound to promote and protect human rights in accordance with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and relevant provisions of the international instruments on human rights, taking into account their respective national conditions. The international community should recognize that all human rights are indivisible and attach equal importance to the realization of the economic, social and cultural rights, the civil and political rights, as well as the right to development. Due to different national conditions, countries have taken different approaches and adopted different models on human rights. It is undesirable to impose one uniform model in the promotion and protection of human rights.
The Chinese government is an active advocate of international cooperation in the field of human rights. We stand for dialogue and cooperation on the basis of equality and mutual respect to address differences on the issue of human rights and enhancing mutual understanding and learning for common development. We oppose politicizing human rights issues and adopting double standards.
China takes part in the work of the UN Human Rights Council with a constructive attitude and is ready to work with other parties to ensure that the Council seizes the opportunity of its review to increase efficiency and address human rights issues in a fair, objective and non-selective manner. 六、问题
世界各国均有义务按照《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则以及国际文书的有关内容，结合本国国情，促进和保护。国际社会应尊重各类的不可分割性，同等重视经济、社会和文化权利以及公民权利和政治权利两类和发展权的实现。由于国情不同，各国在问题上采取不同的做法和模式，不应强求以同一模式来促进和保护。 中国积极倡导领域国际合作，主张在平等和相互尊重的基础上，通过对话与合作解决问题上的分歧，增进了解，相互借鉴，共同发展，反对将问题政治化和搞双重标准。
中国以建设性态度参与联合国理事会的工作，愿与各方共同努力，以理事会重审为契机，推动理事会提高工作效率，以更加公正、客观和非选择性的方式处理问题。
VII． Social Issues
1. Transnational Crimes
Rampant transnational crimes like production and trafficking of illicit drugs, trafficking in persons, money laundering and corruption, often connected with terrorist activities, pose serious threats to economic development and public order in various countries and present challenges to regional stability and even world peace.
Strengthening international cooperation to prevent and combat transnational organized crimes is not only the common need of the international community for maintaining peace and security but also a shared, unshirkable responsibility of all countries. The United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime is an important document in the fight against transnational crimes. The international community should, in accordance with the purposes and spirit of the Convention, earnestly fulfill their obligations under the Convention, show mutual respect and conduct cooperation on an equal footing. Developed countries should take the concerns of developing countries seriously and avoid becoming safe havens for the corrupt. 七、社会问题
（一）犯罪
制贩毒品、拐卖人口、洗钱和等犯罪活动猖獗，并经常和恐怖主义活动勾联，严重危害各国经济发展和社会秩序，给地区稳定甚至世界和平带来挑战。 加强国际合作，预防和打击有组织犯罪，不仅是国际社会维护和平与安全的共同需要，也是各国义不容辞的共同责任。《联合国打击有组织犯罪公约》是国际社会在打击犯罪领域的重要文件。国际社会应根据公约宗旨和精神，认真履行公约义务，相互尊重，平等协作。发达国家应重视发展中国家关切，避免成为分子的庇护天堂。
2. HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS is a serious human health hazard and an impediment to the economic and social development of all countries. To prevent and control HIV/AIDS is an urgent task of the international community and an important aspect in achieving the MDGs.
The international community, especially the developed countries, should do more to help the developing countries strengthen their capacity of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and other international institutions should increase coordination and play an even greater role in helping developing countries fight HIV/AIDS.
The Chinese government has taken a host of measures to prevent and control HIV/AIDS and worked hard to increase the level of rights protection of those living with HIV/AIDS and strengthen the awareness of the whole of society to care for HIV-infected people and AIDS patients. China takes an active part in international cooperation on HIV/AIDS and is ready to continue to work with the international community to reduce the harm of HIV/AIDS. （二）艾滋病
艾滋病严重威胁人类健康，影响各国经济社会发展。防治艾滋病是国际社会刻不容缓的任务，也是落实千年发展目标的重要方面。
国际社会尤其是发达国家应为发展中国家加强艾滋病防治能力建设提供更大帮助。联合国艾滋病规划署和全球防治艾滋病、结核和疟疾基金等国际机构应该加强相互协调，为帮助发展中国家防治艾滋病发挥更大作用。
中国采取一系列艾滋病防治措施，努力提高艾滋病利保障水平，增强全社会关心艾滋病感染者和患者的意识。中国积极参与艾滋病领域国际合作，愿与国际社会一道继续为减轻艾滋病危害作出贡献。
3. Public Health Security
Public health security bears on the health and safety of people of all countries. To ensure global public health security is a shared responsibility of the international community. Governments of all countries should continue to enhance public health capacity building in order to provide a strong guarantee for human health and promote coordinated and sustainable economic and social development.
The Chinese government puts the people first, attaches great importance to public health and is now deepening the reform of the medical and healthcare system. China is ready to make joint efforts with all parties and relevant international organizations to strengthen exchanges and sharing of information, experience and technology and deepen cooperation to better tackle global public health challenges and enhance people's physical and mental health. （三）公共卫生安全
公共卫生安全事关各国人民身体健康和生命安全。确保全球公共卫生安全是国际社会的共同责任。各国应通过不断加强公共卫生能力建设，为人民健康生活提供有力保障，促进经济社会协调和可持续发展。
中国坚持以人为本，高度重视公共卫生建设，正在进一步深化医药卫生改革。中方愿同各方及有关国际组织加强信息、经验、技术交流共享，深化合作，为更好应对全球公共卫生挑战、促进人民身心健康而共同努力。
4. Anti-Corruption
Corruption affects the economic and social development of every country and is a common concern of the international community. To strengthen international cooperation against corruption and encourage countries to exchange anti-corruption experience are conducive to the anti-corruption efforts of all countries and regions.
The United Nations Convention Against Corruption, the first international legal instrument on fighting corruption worldwide, sets the legal principles and rules applicable to all countries in their joint efforts to deal with and prevent corruption. All countries should earnestly strengthen international cooperation against corruption on the basis of mutual respect for sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit. The implementation mechanism should focus on playing a constructive role, assisting and promoting the implementation of the Convention and facilitating international cooperation between State Parties. State Parties should strengthen the political will to participate in international cooperation against corruption and reduce the limitations on extradition and asset recovery under domestic laws and procedures. Technical assistance should be provided to developing countries without any political strings attached to help them build the capacity for implementing the Convention. （四）反 问题影响各国经济和社会发展，受到国际社会普遍重视。加强全球范围内的国际反合作，推动各国交流反斗争经验，有利于促进世界各国和各地区的反工作。 《联合国反公约》作为第一部全球范围内的反国际法律文书，为各国共同惩治和预防规定了共同适用的法律原则和规则。各国应当在相互尊重主权和平等互利的基础上，切实加强反国际合作。履约机制应重在发挥建设性作用，协助和促进缔约国更好地
履约和开展国际合作。缔约国应提高参与国际反合作的政治意愿，减少国内法和国内程序对引渡和资产追回的，在不附加任何政治条件的前提下通过技术援助加强发展中国家的履约能力。
VIII. UN Financing
The smooth operation of the UN requires a stable financial foundation. All member states of the UN should, in accordance with the spirit of the Charter of the United Nations and the principle of \"capacity to pay\" set out in UNGA resolutions, continue to earnestly fulfill their financial obligations to the UN by paying assessments for both regular budget and peacekeeping operations on time and in full, and without conditions, to ensure a solid and stable financial footing for the UN.
The efficiency of the use of UN resources should be further enhanced through integration of resources and programs with full consideration and accommodation given to the legitimate concerns and demands of developing countries.
Member states should step up coordination and communication to improve work efficiency and give more guidance to the Secretariat in program coordination, finance and budget. 八、联合国财政问题
联合国正常运转需要一个稳定的财政基础。联合国所有会员国都应根据《联合国宪章》精神，根据联大决议确定的支付能力原则，继续认真履行联合国财政义务，及时、足额、无条件地缴纳联合国会费和维和摊款，确保联合国有坚实、稳定的财政基础。 联合国资源的利用应根据资源与方案相结合的原则，进一步提高资金的使用效率，并充分考虑和照顾发展中国家的合理关切和要求。 会员国应进一步协调与沟通，提高工作效率，加强在方案协调和财政预算方面对秘书处的工作指导。
IX. Rule of Law
1. The Rule of Law at the National and International Levels
It is a shared goal of all countries to achieve the rule of law at the national and international levels. Countries are entitled to independently choose the models of rule of law that are suitable for their national conditions and can learn from each other's model for common development. To strengthen international rule of law, it is necessary to uphold the authority of the Charter of the United Nations, strictly abide by the well-established principles and rules of international law, adhere to the consistent application of international law, avoid double standards, improve international law-making process and promote democracy in international relations. 九、法治问题
（一）国际和国内两级法治
实现国内和国际两级法治是各国普遍追求的目标。各国有权自主选择适合本国国情的法治模式。各国的法治模式可以相互借鉴、取长补短和共同发展。在加强国际法治方面，必须维护《联合国宪章》的权威，严格遵循公认的国际法原则和规则，坚持国际法的统一适用，避免采取双重标准，并不断完善国际立法，促进国际关系民主化。
2. Combating Impunity
China condemns all forms of crime, supports the efforts of all countries and encourages international cooperation to eliminate impunity. The international efforts to eliminate impunity in
conflict areas should be in line with the goal of protecting the well-being of all people in the conflict areas. They should not disrupt the ongoing peace process in those areas or hamper the efforts in those areas to promote national reconciliation and build enduring peace. The issue of impunity can only be better addressed with relaxation of tension and political stability in related regions. （二）打击“有罪不罚”
中国谴责一切形式的犯罪行为，支持各国为消除“有罪不罚”所做的努力，鼓励国际社会就此开展合作。国际社会为消除冲突地区“有罪不罚”的努力，应与保障冲突地区所有人员福祉的目标相一致，不应干扰冲突地区正在进行的和平进程，不应妨碍冲突地区促进民族和解，实现持久和平。只有在有关地区局势缓和、政治稳定的前提下，才能更好地解决有罪不罚。
3. The International Court of Justice
China supports an enhanced role of the International Court of Justice in the peaceful settlement of international disputes and supports the Court in improving its way of work. China hopes that the Court will play a positive role in safeguarding a stable international order and upholding justice. The right of each country to freely choose the method of peaceful settlement of disputes should be respected. （三）国际
中国支持加强国际在和平解决国际争端方面的作用，支持不断改进其工作方法，希望在维护国际秩序稳定、伸张正义方面发挥积极作用。各国自由选择和平解决争端方式的权利应得到尊重。
4. The International Criminal Court
China supports the establishment of an independent, impartial, effective and universally recognized international criminal institution to punish the most serious international crimes. The work of the International Criminal Court should serve the purpose of promoting international peace and security and safeguarding the well-being of mankind, and it should be pursued in coordination and cooperation with other international mechanisms and in a way that does not impede or jeopardize the relevant peace processes. China will continue to pay close attention to the work of the International Criminal Court. （四）国际刑事
中国支持建立一个、公正、有效和具有普遍性的国际刑事司法机构，以惩治最严重的国际罪行。国际刑事的工作应秉承促进国际和平与安全、维护全人类福祉的宗旨，与其他国际机制协调合作，避免干扰有关和平进程。中国会继续关注国际刑事的工作。
5. Oceans and the Law of the Sea
Maritime harmony is part and parcel of building a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity. To establish and maintain a harmonious international order on the sea, we advocate the following:
First, strike a balance between rational utilization and scientific conservation of the sea. With a view to achieving harmony between man and the sea, while utilizing the sea in a sustainable manner for the benefit of mankind, we should also strengthen conservation.
Second, make an equitable distribution of maritime interests and share the responsibility of conservation. The particularity and concerns of developing countries, especially of the least developed countries and small island states, should be given special attention.
Third, strike a balance between the rights of coastal states and the overall interests of the international community. The outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles
should be delineated in a scientific and reasonable manner. While ensuring the rights that coastal states are entitled to under the international law, we should also protect the international seabed area which is the common heritage of mankind.
Fourth, uphold the legal order of the sea with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea as the foundation. The Convention is an important basis for addressing new issues and challenges in the maritime field and a legal foundation for the modern maritime order. The international community should make sure that the integrity and authority of the Convention are safeguarded.
（五）海洋与海洋法事务
推动建设和谐海洋，是建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界的重要组成部分。为建立和维护和谐的国际海主张：
第一，兼顾对海洋的合理利用与科学保护。在促进海洋可持续利用为人类创造福祉的同时，加强对海洋的类与海洋之间的和谐。
第二，公平分配海洋利益，分担保护责任，特别要考虑发展中国家，特别是最不发达国家、小岛屿发展中况和关切。
第三，平衡沿海国权利和国际社会的整体利益。科学合理地划定200海里以外架外部界限，在保障沿享有的权利的同时，要保护作为人类共同继承财产的国际海底区域。 第四，维护以《联合国海洋法公约》为基础的国际海洋法秩序。《公约》是在海洋领域解决新问题、处理新据，是现代海洋秩序的法律基础。国际社会应确保《公约》的完整性和权威性得到维护。 源地址：http://blog.renren.com/GetEntry.do?id=4909536&owner=280184268
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