大学英语四级作文类型及

（一） 现象解释型 社会热点现象---解释原因----你的看法 开头

1. In the past years, ________ has become a new fashion. 2. In recent years, _____has become a hot issue.

3. In recent years, there is a sudden increase of _______. 4. Recently, ___has become the focus of the society. 5. Recently, the problem ___has been brought into focus. 6. Recently, ___has always aroused the greatest concern. 7. It seems that the whole society is talking about_____. 8. Nowadays, it is common to hear/ see _____. 9. Nowadays, ______ has become a common phenomenon.

10. Currently, an increasing number of people would prefer to _____. Investigating a little more, you will find that this has become a craze.

中间：分析原因 （影响）

1. The reason can be attributed to_____. 2. The reasons for____ are varied. 3. The reasons can be listed as follows. 4. There are many reasons accounting for___.

5. A close analysis will reveal some reasons for this problem.

• The main reason is …说明原因一 Furthermore, .原因二 The last but not the least, .原因三 结尾

1. From that has been discussed above, we can see clearly that… 2. Thus, we can safely draw the conclusion that…

3. To sum up,…/ To conclude,…/ In conclusion,…/ In general,… / In a word,…/ In brief,…/ All in all, … 或：我的看法

Topic sentences (全文模板)

1.___has become hot issue in the society. (总现象)

2.And___has always aroused the greatest concern.（题目要讨论的具体现象）

3.What impresses us most is____.（现象的具体表现） 4.The reasons for____(现象) are varied. (过渡句)

5. Among the various reasons, ____plays an important role.原因之一 6.That is to say,_____ (具体说明原因一) 7.What is more,______(原因二) 8.For example,____(举例说明原因二)

9．When talking about__现象__, _____ (作者的看法) 10．On the one hand,_____看法的理由一或看法的第一个方面。 11．On the other hand,——理由二或第二个方面 12．In brief,_____总结

参考题目：Enthusiasm for Certificates ；On Excessive Packaging （二）问题解决型： 阐述问题----问题的严重性或影响----解决办法 开头

1. ___has become common in people’s life. (总现象) 2. Nowadays，we have to face a problem that…(问题)

3. Nowadays，more and more people are concerned about the problem…(问题)

4. In recent years, _____has become a hot issue.

5. Recently, the problem ___has been brought into focus among... And___ has always aroused the greatest concern.（题目要讨论的具体现象） 中间 1）分析原因

1. The reason can be attributed to_____. 2. The reasons for____ are varied. 3. The reasons can be listed as follows. 4. There are many reasons accounting for___.

5. A close analysis will reveal some reasons for this problem. • The main reason is …说明原因一 Furthermore, 原因二Last but not the least, .原因三 或：分析影响、后果

1. In fact, it is very important for us to…

2. It has greatly influenced people’s life. In the first place,… in the second place,…

3. It is true to the present situation that…(问题) does obvious harm to…… Firstly,….secondly…

或：预示后果:

Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.

很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.

No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that… 毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…

It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.

很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展. 2) 解决办法

1. People have figured out many ways to solve the problem． 2. Confronted with……(问题)we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation．

3. Thus how to (问题) has become a matter of concern. These following channels are possible. (阐述解决办法)

4. How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people. For one thing，…(解决方法一) For another，…(解决方法二) 结尾： （参照一，现象解释型）

可以提出建议:

1. It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.

2. It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of … 该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.

3. There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of … 毫无疑问,对…问题应予以足够的重视.

4. Obviously,….If we want to do something… , it is essential that…

5. Only in this way can we…

6. It must be realized that…我们必须意识到…

*参考题例：真题[00.1] How I Finance My College Education? [01.1] How to Succeed in A Job Interview? / How do Parents Help the Children to be Independent? 第一段：

1）Nowadays，we have to face a problem that…(总问题：比如小孩不/ 比如毕业找工作难). 2）The reason can be attributed to____(与作文题目相关的具体原因，如父母的溺爱、面试经验不足等) 3）For instance…(举出具体实例说明) 4）Thus ______(题目的具体问题) has aroused greatest concern in the society.（过渡句） 第二段：

5）People have figured out many ways to solve the problem．／或者Confronted with…(问题)we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation．

6）Firstly，…(解决方法一) 7）Secondly，…(解决方法二) 第三段：

8）Personally，I believe that…(我的方法) 或者To me，I am taking two ways to solve the problem of…(问题)

9）One of them is…(我的方法) 10）The other way is…(方法二)

11）By now ways have been working perfectly and efficient1y and …(结果：如生活能力强；成功获得工作等)

12) 结尾：To conlude,…(建议或者强调方法的重要性：如only in these ways can we ……)

（三）利弊论证型： 提出话题或社会现象----利与弊---我的看法 开头：（参照一，现象解释型）

e.g. In recent years, _____has become a hot issue. 阐述开头

_____(Internet) has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.

1. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

2.Everything has two sides—advantages and disadvantages and this

is true for…

3. Every coin has two sides, and…..is no exception. It has both pros and cons. 中间 1).观点: 利

1. It is commonly believed that_______. / It is a common belief that_______(internet) is good for…/ does us a lot of good./ is beneficial to us．/ is of great benefit to us．/ benefits us quite a lot．

Take…as an example. First of all,…In addition,… (举例说明) 2. Indeed，______(主题)have advantages to…(某人). For instance, it will benefit…

3. It is true that_______.

4. It has the following advantages． 5. The advantages of …are obvious. 2) 观点：弊

1. In the mean time, we must realize those disadvantages of…(主题). 2. However(on the other hand, unfortunately, whereas ), it has more disadvantages than advantages． / It also does us much harm． / it can be harmful to us.

3. (举例说明)First of all，...(坏处一)Second,…(坏处二)

3. Apparently, …(cars), like anything else, have some disadvantages.

4. Of course, the disadvantages of …can not be ignored. 结尾:（我的观点:）

1. （参考类型一：现象解释型）To sum up the above arguments，I think a proper attitude towards…(主题)is that…(我的观点) 可以批判错误观点和做法:

1. As far as …(主题) is concerned, ….就…而言,… 2. It was obvious that…很显然,….

3. It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…

4. It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that… 认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….

5. There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明… 模板： 第一段

Nowadays, … is playing a more and more significant role in people’s daily life.There is a good side and a bad side to everything, and … are no exception. 第二段

Generally speaking, the positive aspects could be listed as follows. For one thing, … For another… 第三段

However, as every coin has two sides, the negative aspects are also

obvious. On the one hand, … On the other hand… 结尾

Up until now, we could see it clearly that …. The key lies in the user-so long as we could make proper use of it. It can be most helpful to us in many respects.

（四）观点对比型/对比选择型 ---两种观点/现象对比 开头：（参照类型一） 开头过渡句（不同观点）

1. Different people have different views on—

2. People’s views on_____vary from person to person.

3. Attitudes towards ________(drugs) vary / differ from person to person.

4. People’s attitudes towards TV are various…

5. There are different opinions among people as to____关于…. 人们的观点大不相同.

6. Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 7. People usually have different ideas about… some hold that…while the other people believe that…关于…人们常常有不同的观点。一些人认为…而另一些人坚信… 文中： 观点一

1. Some people tend to think that…(观点一)

2. Some people prefer,——. 3. Some hold that…

4. Many people insist that…

5. Some people think/ claim/ maintain/suggest that…

They point out that…(理由一) Additionally，…(理由二) A case in point is…(举例) Therefore…(小结) 观点二

1. Others tend to, ——（举例说明) .

2. However, others believe that…（举例说明). 3. On the contrary/ In contrast, others argue that… 4. However, other claims that…

5. Yet, others argue (strongly object) that…然而，其他人争辩/强烈反对…

Firstly,…Secondly,… 结尾：我的选择/ 观点

1. As to me, I agree with /to ——

2. As far as I’m concerned, I believe that…

3. To my mind, / In my view,/ In my opinion, / From my point of view, / personally…. my favor goes to the first/second view.

4. In my opinion, both sides are partly right. When we… we should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.

模板 第一段

… has become a hot topic among people recently. Opinions vary from person to person. Some people are inclined to think that … On the contrary, there are still many people who won’t agree, and they claim… 第二段

Those who criticize… argue that… However, people who advocate … on the other hand, maintain that… 第三段

As far as I am concerned, my favor goes to the first/second view. Admittedly, …but it doesn’t follow that… Only if … can we…, just as the saying goes…

（五）图表作文常用词汇与表达方式 开头常用词汇 1.图表类型：

table 表格; chart 图表; diagram图表或图解，示意图; graph图表, 曲线图; column/ bar chart柱状图; pie graph饼图 2. 描述：

show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal 显示; represent表现, 描绘 3.内容：

figure数字; statistics [用作复] 统计数字[资料]；number; percentage;

proportion (the ～ of A to B) 表示数据

上升：increase, rise, ascend, soar, surge（激增）, go up, climb, mount, level up

下降: decrease, fall, drop, descend, decline, reduce ,lessen, 平稳: stable, steady, remain steady/stable; /maintain/keep/be the same as/similar to ;

波动: fluctuate, fluctuation, rise and fall, up and down 占: occupy， take up， account for

而: while, however, whereas , on the other hand

相比: by/in contrast, on the contrary, likewise, compared with 最高点: the highest, the top, the summit, the peak 最低点: bottom, least, rock bottom最低点 平均值: average

趋势: tendency, trend, inclination

比例：20 per cent , 20%， one in three, 1/3 ， one out of every four， 有一个稳定的过程: a stable period can be seen 常用句型

1.正如表中所示…

As is shown/ As can be seen in the chart (table, diagram, graph) 2.上图显示的是…

The graph above indicates / suggests that…

3.本表显示了…的巨大差异（明显变化）

The chart shows the great difference between…(obvious changes in …) 4.在某方面出现了巨大的增长（急剧的下降）

There was a great increase ( a sharp decrease) in… 5.在某方面出现了明显的（略微，缓慢）的增长、下降 There was a noticeable (slight, slow) rise (drop) in… 6.根据图表，在…年间，生产逐渐上升

According to the graph, during the …year’s period, there was a gradual growth in the production. 7.分析图表中的数字后，可发现…

After analyzing the figures in the table, we can find that… 8.1995年得数字是1985年的两倍。

In 1995, the number is twice as much as that in 1985. 9.与1995年相比，这个数字由10%降到5%。

By comparison with 1995, the figure decreased (dropped, fell) from 10% to 5%.

10….占总数的40%。

It made up (account for) 40% of the total.

Directions: write a composition entitled “How people spend their holidays” on the information shown in the following table. Analyze the figures about the various ways in which people spent their holidays in 1995 as compared with 1985 and explain the reasons for these differences.

Travel abroad Going to seaside camping Staying at home total 1985 12% 38% 10% 40% 100% 1995 24% 49% 20% 7% 100% This is a table about the ways people had their holidays in 1985 and 1995 respectively. As is shown in the table, people enjoy their holidays in several ways, such as traveling abroad, going to the seaside, staying at home, etc. however, observing the figures carefully, we can see that the ways people spent their holidays changed a lot in 1995.

In 1985, 40% of people spent their holidays at home while the figure dropped to 7% in 1995. The highest percentage recorded in 1995 was that of going to seaside, which proved that seaside was still the favorable place for many people to have their holidays. In particular, the number of people who traveled abroad was greatly increased. The rate in 1995 doubled as compared with 1985.

After analyzing the figures in the table, we can safely say that there are at least two reasons for explaining the differences in the ways people spent their holidays. Firstly, the income of people rose steadily from the year 1985 to 1995 so that they could afford the cost of some expensive

holidays. Secondly, the concept of people was changed a lot. More and more people began to like outdoor activities so as to get closer to nature.