2022大学英语四级考卷

大学英语四级考卷

Part Ⅰ Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: To Compete, or to Cooperate. You should write no more than 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

1、 1. 有人认为大学应提倡同学间竞争；

2. 也有人认为学生应在大学里学会合作；

3. 你的看法。

To Compete, or to Cooperate

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly.

For questions 1-7 mark

Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Adventures in Foreign Languages

It could reasonably be argued that, for those of us who live in the USA and speak English as our native tongue, there is very little motivation to learn a foreign language. We can travel for thousands of miles and still be surrounded by native English speakers. We can easily spend our entire lives without having any real need to speak another language. It is even possible to comfortably visit many tourist destinations around the globe, speaking only English. Clearly, learning a foreign language is a non-essential skill in our society.

Benefits in learning a foreign language

Nevertheless, learning a foreign language offers several possible benefits. Some of the commonly stated benefits are:

●Fosters a feeling of international community, by promoting an awareness of other cultures and countries.

●Enriches our understanding of our own language, by bringing grammatical structures and word roots into sharper focus. This may be especially true when studying languages that share linguistic elements with English.

●The study of linguistics, and learning to think and speak in another language, offers its own intrinsic pleasures and rewards. Language can be fun.

●Opens up the possibilities of reading non-English literature.

●Expands global travel opportunities.

Linguistic adventure

I think these are good reasons, so I wanted to provide my children with some exposure to foreign languages. But what language should I teach? What language am I qualified to teach? I took four years of French in high school (and got straight A's), but I never reached any real level of fluency, and I have retained very little of the small amount of French I once knew. Is there any language that I could realistically learn/teach alongside my children? I'd like to tell you about our linguistic adventures, and where we ended up.

After a bit of research, I settled on Spanish for our first foray into foreign languages. But how should I teach it, given that I don't know Spanish myself? I know of one family who hired a full-time Spanish nanny to communicate to the children only in Spanish. It worked very effectively for them, but this was not an option for my family.

Another option would be to take my children once a week to a private instructor. Many families find this to be the most practical way to learn a foreign language. Yet I have also heard many families complain that their children have learned surprisingly little from such classes. Perhaps they have learned a bit of vocabulary (colors, parts of the body, numbers, etc.), but they are still unable to express themselves in the second language, or construct any sentences beyond a few drilled-in, rehearsed phrases.

Deciding on Esperanto

So I went back to the drawing board and did some more web research, looking for a language or method that would allow us to discover some of the joy that can come from learning a foreign language. By sheer luck, I stumbled across a little-known language, and within just a few hours of

reading about it, I knew it was exactly what I was looking for! The language was Esperanto.

When I tell people that we're learning Esperanto, I usually get some strange looks. But that's okay. When I tell people we home school, I often get strange looks as well; I'm used to doing things that are outside of the mainstream. And as with home schooling, it can be very difficult to sum up in a couple of sentences all the reasons why it's so worth while, particularly to someone who may already have preconceptions to the contrary.

Why is Esperanto unique?

So for those of you who know very little about Esperanto, I hope you'll indulge me for a moment. I would like to explain some of the features that make it such a unique language, and elaborate on why I think it is such a wonderful pedagogical tool for exploring foreign languages.

Esperanto was invented in 1887 by L. L. Zamenhof, a Polish physician. Invented? Yes, that's right, Esperanto was invented. Zamenhof's vision was that Esperanto would become the world's second tongue, breaking down language barriers in Europe and throughout the world. Obviously, Esperanto has not (yet?) become the world's common language, so in this respect, Esperanto did not live up to the dream of its creator. Because of this, many people, if they have even heard of Esperanto at all, are only vaguely aware of it as some sort of \"failed\" experiment in creating a common language.

Nevertheless, the reality is that Esperanto has flourished, and only 120 years after it's conception, is now studied and spoken by people all over the globe. It lives and evolves just like other languages, and it can be used to express all facets of human thought and emotion. Yet a majority of these Esperanto speakers learned the language through self-directed study or correspondence courses! Although all languages require effort to learn, Esperanto is astonishingly simple when compared to a native language. The key to its simplicity is its consistency and

regularity. For example, each letter has exactly one phonetic sound, no exceptions. Each word has the accent on the second-to-last syllable, no exceptions. All words ending in \"o\" are nouns. All words ending in \"a\" are adjectives. All words ending in \"e\" are adverbs. Unlike many foreign languages, inanimate nouns are not categorized as \"masculine\" or \"feminine\". Verb conjugation is very straightforward, and there are no irregular verbs.

Another key facet of Esperanto is that it has a powerful system of word building, making it easy to form new words out of roots and affixes you already know. Since a large part of learning a language involves accumulating vocabulary, this word-building system means that in Esperanto you need to learn only, say, a tenth as many word roots to ex press the same number of concepts as you would in another language.

But simplicity is not reason enough to learn a language. So let's take a look at how Esperanto measures up in achieving the benefits of a foreign language program. Looking back at the list from the beginning of the article, let's consider those issues point by point.

Esperanto is an international language

Belonging to no particular country, Esperanto is truly an international language. Within two months of beginning Esperanto, my kids were exchanging postcards in Esperanto with children from Russia, France, Sweden, Poland, and Uzbekistan. I am delighted that they have had this opportunity to feel connected to people from all over the globe. My children don't expect everyone to learn English; nor do they expect to learn every other language. But they are eager to communicate with anyone willing to meet them halfway.

Most of the Esperanto word roots are derived from Latin. This means that you can en joy very similar English vocabulary-building benefits by learning Esperanto, with a small fraction of the effort. Furthermore, Esperanto uses grammar-coded word endings to make the parts of speech and

grammatical structure of each sentence exceptionally clear.

Since Esperanto is only a century old, there is not a huge body of Esperanto-only literature. Nevertheless, there are over a hundred original Esperanto novels and collections of poetry, as well as many outstanding translations of works from other countries. Esperanto magazines report current events from the perspectives of people all over the world.

By learning Esperanto, you become part of an international \"club\" of people genuinely interested in meeting and communicating with people from other lands. There are lists you can obtain of Esperantists from countries around the world, eager to host visitors, and give them an insider's look at their culture and community. I know several Esperantists who have used these lists to travel the world inexpensively, making new friends, and seeing the world in a decidedly non-touristy way.

I can hear some of you thinking, \"It sounds interesting, but 1 really, really want my kids to learn Spanish (or French, or Japanese, or whatever). We don't have time to spend on Esperanto.\" Amazingly, study after study has shown that learning Esperanto has no cost! For example, in one study, a control group of high school students took four years of French, while the experimental group took one year of Esperanto followed by three years of French. At the end of high school, the experimental group had greater fluency in French! In other words, the benefits they gained from studying Esperanto more than offset the time lost from studying another language.

2、The passage focuses on the need for Americans to Learn foreign languages.

3、The writer believes that Americans do not learn foreign languages largely because they are lazy.

4、The writer believes that learning a foreign language can help a person understand their own

language better.

5、Most Americans, like the writer, learn French at high school.

6、Most Esperanto speakers learnt it by traveling and meeting other Esperanto speakers.

7、Esperanto is most popular with Europeans.

8、Learning Esperanto has been demonstrated to help with learning other foreign languages.

9、The writer discovered Esperanto while doing ______ on foreign language learning.

10、Esperanto can be considered as a neutral language because it belongs to ______.

11、It is possible to get ______ of Esperanto speakers and visit them.

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and/he questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices markedA. ,B. ,C. andD., and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12、A. A jigsaw. B. Writing a letter.

C. Reading a newspaper or magazine. D. Checking her email.

13、A. In 30 minutes. B. Just before midday.

C. Long before midday. D. In 30 minutes, if she runs.

14、A. Watching the Olympics.

B. Watching a quiz show.

C. Eating dinner.

D. Watching a National Day celebration.

15、A. Medicine. B. History.

C. Law. D. Accounting.

16、A. In a hotel room. B. In a restaurant.

C. At a disco. D. At a party.

17、A. A walk. B. A drive.

C. A meeting. D. A drink.

18、A. The woman failed her driving test.

B. The woman failed an exam at university.

C. The man isn't sure what to do.

D. The man is offering to help the woman.

19、A. The woman's car has broken down.

B. The woman is stuck in a traffic jam.

C. The woman's train has been cancelled.

D. The woman didn't know how long it would take her to get to the meeting place.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

20、A. It's interesting. B. It's French.

C. It's well Written. D. It's a useful source.

21、A. Books written by French authors are the best sources.

B. Paperback books are cheap.

C. The Internet is a better source of information.

D. Most books are constantly being rewritten.

22、A. It is time consuming and doesn't provide much information.

B. A lot of the information is in foreign languages.

C. There are not many websites devoted to such a specialist subject.

D. There are no problems with using the Internet as a research tool.

23、A. Because she hadn't heard of the writer at the time.

B. Because it wasn't on any of the professors' reading lists.

C. Because it was published after she had finished her research.

D. Because it was only available in French.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

24、A. Because she wants to keep fit.

B. Because the sports centre only offers aerobics classes for women.

C. Because that was the only class she knew about.

D. We are not told.

25、A. The same as at the old one.

B. Small group and individual ones.

C. Small group ones only.

D. Individual ones only.

26、A. He only eats healthy food.

B. He only eats junk food.

C. He usually eats unhealthy food.

D. His favorite snack is carrot cake.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear S short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA. ,B. ,C. andD. , Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

27、A. over 100. B. over 150.

C. over 250. D. over 350.

28、A. River Thames. B. River Rhine.

C. River Nile. D. River Danube.

29、A. government buildings. B. boats and lakes.

C. theatres and shopping. D. parks and trees.

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30、A. Beijing. B. Hong Kong.

C. Shenzhen. D. Shanghai.

31、A. red, white and blue. B. blue, black, brown and green.

C. white, brown and black. D. blonde, brown, black and red.

32、A. Lincoln, Edinburgh and Cardiff. B. London, Birmingham and Manchester.

C. London, Edinburgh and Cardiff. D. London, Lincoln and Manchester.

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33、A. England. B. Korea.

C. France. D. America.

34、A. Blue Friday. B. Black Friday.

C. Shopping Friday. D. Harvest Friday.

35、A. the cowboys and the Indians. B. the British and the French.

C. the Pilgrims and the Indians. D. the pilgrims and the cowboys.

36、A. turkey and pumpkin pie. B. chicken and pumpkin pie.

C. pork and apple pie. D. turkey and apple pie.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Perched among the highlands of western Cameroon, bordered by green mountains and cliff faces, Lake Nyos is a scene of breathtaking beauty. But the picture cannot be 37 .A detailed study reveals that the lake could release a 38 cloud of car bon dioxide, capable of wiping out entire communities around its shores.

The warning, from a team of scientists, comes nearly 20 years after the lake 39 an estimated 80m cubic metres of CO2 into the atmosphere. Heavier than air, the cloud of gas rolled down, 40 hillsides and villages. Silent and invisible, it 41 the air of oxygen, killing hundreds of cattle and claiming the lives of more than 1,700 people up to 26km away. \"It was one of the most mysterious 42 scientists have ever investigated\" said George Kling, an ecologist at the University of Michigan.

Researchers called in after the 1986 43 discovered that the lake, which sits atop a volcano, contained record levels of carbon dioxide. Gas bubbling up from the Earth's magma was under such 44 at the bottom of the 200-metres deep lake that it dissolved until it reached max. 45 .

To prevent a recurrence, in 2001 engineers installed a pipe to suck CO2 from the bottom of the lake and release it harmlessly into the air. 46 . Dr Kling's team recommends the urgent installation of a further four pipes in each lake at a rate of one a year. 47 .

37、

38、

39、

40、

41、

42、

43、

44、

45、

46、

47、

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the pas sage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Many parents are 48 about the fact that their children play many video and computer games. Perhaps the best way to 49 concerns over the 50 of video games is to emphasize their vast 51 to educate. Even games with no educational 52 require players to learn a great deal. Games are complex, adaptive and force players to make a huge number of decisions. Garners must

learn rules through trials and errors, solve problems and puzzles, develop strategies and get help from other players via the Internet when they get stuck. The problem-solving 53 that underlies most games is like the 90% of an ice berg below the waterline-invisible to nom-gamers. It is the pleasure of this problem solving, not the violence which sometimes 54 it, that can make gaming such a 55 experience. Nobody is using certain violent games in schools, of course, but other off-the shelf games such as \"Sim City\which 56 model economies, are used in education. By playing them it is possible to understand how such models work. In \"Sim City\for example, in which the player 57 the role of a city mayor, no amount of spending on health care is ever enough to satisfy patients, and the fastest route to popularity is to cut taxes.

A. speech I) concerned

B. satisfying J) intentions

C. retain K) tensions

D. assumes L) address

E. potential M) influences

F. accompanies N) contain

G. resumes O) combines

H) mechanism

48、

49、

50、

51、

52、

53、

54、

55、

56、

57、

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA.,B.,C. andD.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

No matter how large or notable the U. S. travel industry is or may become, it will always be

members of a broader world society. The charge facing all of us is to appropriately en gage poverty. Poverty is certainly not new but the means at our disposal to address poverty are improving by the day. Fortunately, the $ 3.3 trillion world travel industry is uniquely suited to address poverty in regions where it is most entrenched. In the course of making a case for harnessing travel and tourism for poverty reduction, the travel and tourism industry already exists in every region of the globe and is a proven job producer and sustainer of native culture.

That travel and tourism creates good jobs is indisputable. In the U. S. , the Industrial Age economy is in transition to a service economy, and travel and tourism is responsible for one in every seven workers in the U. S. civilian workforce, directly or indirectly. But by no means is this phenomenon limited to the U. S. The World Travel and Tourism Council re ports tourism employs almost 200 million people worldwide -- 1 in every 13 jobs worldwide today.

There are many important differences between building an industrial based economy and one that relies largely on tourism. One of the historical barriers to industrialization has been a shortage of capital to build an industrial infrastructure or a lack of industrial specific facilities such al deep water ports. But we don't need to build factories for tourism. Nor do we need the traditional resources of the Industrial Age to build new tourism economies. The essential raw materials for our industry include rich cultures, unique natural environments and willing hosts. And those raw materials exist already in abundance in every nation.

Only travel brings us face to face with people from different cities, different nations, and different outlooks. CNN can take us on a virtual world tour. We can be touched by images we see in the media but it is only when we shake hands with people from other nations and other cultures that we learn how things really are. And despite the many wonders of technology, we only truly touch one another when we travel and embrace one another's culture, stature, and dreams.

58、From the first paragraph we learn that the travel industry.

A. is going to give money to aid poverty

B. has improved its revenue

C. is financially healthier than ever

D. is better able to help reduce poverty than ever

59、The reason tourism benefits a country even more than traditional industries is that it.

A. has more of a cultural benefit

B. has more potential to lead to other industries

C. requires much less capital

D. uses less resources which harm the environment

60、By saying \"... those raw materials exist already in abundance in every nation\" the author is referring to.

A. people, the environment and culture

B. the capital used to build the tourism industry

C. the environmental resources to build up tourism

D. hosts and staff to welcome visitors

61、Why does the author assert that through travel we only \"truly touch one another\"?

A. He wants to emphasize tourism's powerful effect on combating social problems.

B. He believes tourism makes it possible for people to help one another.

C. He believes travel is the only way cultures can learn about each other.

D. He thinks that sincere learning of a culture is only possible by travel

62、From the text we can infer that the author writes this text to.

A. argue that travel is an important industry

B. encourage people in the tourism industry to do more for poverty

C. point out that the travel industry has social, cultural as well as economic value

D. to show travel industry's important role in nation building

Passage Two

It is not surprising that a philosophy borrowed from business should see its principal focus within education as the furthering of the connection with business and industry. Moreover, when a philosophy is implemented at governmental level by people, the majority who learnt their understanding of life within this environment, it is not surprising that they should picture education

as feeding this goal'

In an age when the US is seen as being in desperate, almost cut-throat competition with industrial neighbours, it becomes an article of faith that to maintain present standards of living, education must increasingly focus upon training the youth of the country to compete in such markets. This demand is, of course, nothing new. A number of factors come together to provide the motive force for making education the handmaiden of the job market. For those with economic blinkers, such concentration makes good sense, but for those who take a wider view of the purposes of education, this appears narrow and damaging, even, in the long term, to the economic good health of the country. It is possible to argue for the ultimate purposes of education from different standpoints.

The one that appears to be the motive force in much educational decision-making at the present time values knowledge that is conducive to the furtherance of the national economic well being. It sees the child as a being to be trained to fit into this economic machine. Initiative and activity are encouraged only as far as these dovetail with ultimate occupational destinations. The teacher, therefore, is seen as a trainer, a constructor, a transmitter. However, there are many who value knowledge which is perceived as part of that country's cultural heritage while other child-centred advocates see the curriculum as based on each individual child's experiences and interests, each being active, involved, unique constructors of their own reality. Others see schools as being essentially concerned with pressing social issues which need to be resolved, and therefore the curriculum takes the form of being top ic or problem based.

Such sketches do not begin to do justice to the complexity and richness of argument, which may be contained in differing educational ideologies. However, if they at the very least convey the profound conflicting views, these descriptions suggest that there is truth in each of them, but none must have the stage to itself.

63、According to the text, it is not surprising that.

A. business and education finds so much in common

B. politicians expect education to be tike a business

C. the education world is managed by people from the business philosophy

D. those who come from the business world think education should serve industry needs

、The desire to make education subservient to the desires of industry is attractive because.

A. the goals are easier to define and measure

B. for those who take a wider view of education

C. economic competition is so intense these days

D. youth are lacking the skills to compete in the modern economy

65、Those who think education should serve the economy are of the opinion that.

A. all subjects should have some relationship to economics

B. knowledge is to be perceived as preserving a nation's cultural history

C. knowledge is to be transmitted

D. students must learn how to be businessmen

66、The disagreement child centred advocates have with the economic aim of education stems from their.

A. training background

B. their beliefs about children and how knowledge derives

C. distaste of the economic system

D. view of their role as a trainer not a transmitter of knowledge

67、According to the author, the various conflicting views of education.

A. add complexity and richness to the profession

B. demonstrate the fallacies of the economic approach

C. prevent progression towards the economic aim

D. ensure that one particular philosophy is not overly dominant

Part Ⅴ Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices markedA.,B.,C. andD. on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the

centre.

Viruses are human-made software programs 68 specifically to wreak havoc on personal computers and networks. The 69 of contracting one of these computer viruses over the Internet has increased dramatically. Typically, you get a virus by opening e-mail 70 .

Some viruses are relatively 71 to individuals. They just 72 themselves to 73 messages or e-mail themselves to all the people listed in your address book. The sudden flood of email 74 mail servers, causing the system to 75 .

Other viruses are more 76 ,and may lie asleep until a certain date. Then they 77 to life to do their dirty 78 . Sometimes a strange message appears on your screen, or data and programs may be 79 . In the worst case, all the contents of your hard drive may be 80 out. These 81 programs start on one computer, then replicate quickly, 82 other computers around the world.

In 1988, a student at Cornell University sent out a virus by 83 , nearly 84 the Internet to its knees. More recently, the \"I Love You\" virus caused over $1 billion in lost 85 as it 86 e-mail systems worldwide. Last year 87 , 10, 000 new viruses, worms and Trojan horses were unleashed.

68、A. existed B. discovered C. created D. manufactured

69、A. opportunity B. chance C. likely D. occur

70、A. letters B. correspondence C. post D. attachments

71、A. harmful B.disastrous C. harmless D. poisonous

72、A. bring B. attack C. attract D. attach

73、A. outgoing B. incoming C. downloading D. posting

74、A. overwhelms B. surpasses C. swarms D. washes

75、A. crash B. clash C. conflict D. riot

76、A. constructive B. negative 77、A. spring B. summer 78、A. acts B. deeds 79、A. alternated B. modified 80、A. attacked B. deleted 81、A. harmful B. harmless 82、A. infecting B. influencing 83、A. opportunity B. carelessness 84、A. bringing B. taking 85、A. products B. production C. destructive D. inactive

C. autumn D. winter

C. actions D. behaviors

C. refined D. deleted

C. wiped D. filled

C. attacked D. deleted

C. contacting D. injecting

C. accident D. hand

C. making D. causing

C. produces D. productivity

86、A. rippled B. crippled C. cracked D. clashed

87、A. lonely B. lonesome C. alone D. loneliness

Part Ⅵ Translation

Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

88、This man received a ticket for speeding. He _____________________ (不应该开这么快).

、If _____________________ (我在学校的时候学习努力些), I would be having a better job now.

90、All athletes pursue the spirit of Olympics and _____________________ (它所代表的一切).

91、Nothing could _____________________ (阴止他参军).

92、The car _____________________ (半路抛描了) on the superhighway for no reason.

答案:

Part Ⅰ Writing

1、To Compete, or to Cooperate

Some university students consider competition to be the most important thing while studying. They compete for scholarships and any other opportunities to demonstrate their abilities. They believe that through competition, they can learn better.

Other students consider cooperation to be the most important thing for a person to do. They focus on team spirit, believing that teamwork not only gives them a chance to demonstrate their abilities, but also teaches them to promote friendship and cooperation whilst working.

However, in my opinion, both competition and cooperation are equally important. We should cooperate with others, while on the other hand we should never forget competition.

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

3、

The writer believes that Americans do not learn foreign languages largely because they are lazy. 词汇线索为do not learn，lazy，定位到文章首句，会发现真正原因是没有motivation，与lazy不符，则答案为N。

4、

The writer believes that learning a foreign language can help a person understand their own language better．词汇线索为understand their own language better，明显谈论的是学外语的好处，故定位到次段后面五个列举点中第二点首句，符合原文，则答案为Y。

5、NG

Most Americans，like the writer，learn French at high school．词汇线索为most Americans，French，high school，据此定位到第4段第4句话，扫描后未发现most Americans，故信息缺失，且不抵触原文，则该题为NG。

6、

Most Esperanto speakers learnt it by traveling and meeting other Esperanto speakers．词汇线索为learn Esperanto，定位到第11段第3句话，发现学习方法是自学和书信往来，则与原文抵触，答案为N。

7、NG

Esperanto is most popular with Europeans．

词汇线索为Europeans，定位到13段句5，其中列举了一系列的欧洲国家，但这仅证明欧洲国家有Esperanto speaker，却无法证明是最流行的，故该题答案是NG。

8、

Learning Esperanto has been demonstrated to help with learning other foreign languages．词汇线索help，other foreign languages，定位到末段中的法语学习实验，末句中发现benefits，则同义替换help，故与原文相同，答案为Y。

9、web research

The writer discovered Esperanto while doing _______ on foreign language learning．词汇线索为discovered Esperanto，则应出现在文章首次出现Esperanto的地方，因此定位到第6段末句，向上扫描寻找答案。

10、no particular country

no particular country。Esperanto can be considered a neutral language because it belongs to ______. 词汇线索为neutral language，定位到第13段第4句话对应international language。

11、lists

It is possible to get______ of Esperanto speakers and visit them．词汇线索为Esperanto speakers，visit，则定位到倒数第2段次句。

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

Section A

Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12、A

[解析]

M: Have you finished yet?

W: Almost. I just have to get these last few pieces in.

Q: What is the woman doing?

此题考查听细节的能力。考生可使用排除法做出选择。首先，考生必须抓住I just have to get these last few piece in.，肯定不是写信，读报，收邮件这些事，因此，A为正确答案。

13、C

[解析]

W: How often do they run? I have to get into town before midday.

M: Every 30 minutes, so you'll make it with plenty of time to spare.

Q: When will the woman get into town?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住两处重要信息：the woman要在中午之前回到镇上，根据the man的回答，应该还有plenty of time剩余，不难看出C项为正确答案。

14、A

[解析]

M: That was surprising!

W: It certainly was! I've never known a Briton become a medalist in this event!

Q: What are the man and woman most likely doing?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住关键词：medalist，考生可按照常识判断，只有在体育赛事中，a Briton才有可能获得奖牌，因此，A项最为妥帖。

15、C

[解析]

W: I don't think we'll ever get through all these facts and figures from the case.

M: Come on. The judge managed it and he wasn't an expert in the field either.

Q: Which of the following are the man and woman most likely studying?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住一些关键词来做出判断，如：fact，case，judge等运用于法律方面的词汇。如果考生能够听懂这些词汇，就不难得出他们学习的是法律。

常用搭配：get through v.到达，做完，通过，度过，打通

16、D

[解析]

M: This is a great way to meet new people.

W: Yes, it is. I like the way that people have brought dishes from their own countries to share with others.

Q: Where are the man and woman most likely to be?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题有两处暗示：①meet new people，party是认识新朋友的方法之一；②people have brought dishes from their own countries to share with others，抓住了此句，考生就应该推断出party是最佳答案。

17、A

[解析]

W: I'm not sure I can manage. The path is quite treacherous.

M: But it's only half a mile!

Q: What does the woman think she cannot manage?

此题考查听细节的能力。只要考生抓住了关键词：path，treacherous就可以断定，C、D为错误选项，通过half a mile，考生可推断the woman一定是在走路，故选A。

18、A

[解析]

M: So, what are you going to do now?

W: I guess I'll retake it next month. I've got a few questions about signs and speed limits. Could I impose on you?

Q: What has happened?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住一些关键词，如：sign，speed limits，如果能够抓住这些词，就可以大概猜出是驾驶测试。在这段对话中，the man只是问了一下情况，无法得出 C和D两项内容。

19、B

[解析]

W: Yeah, it's really awful. Look, you two start without me and I'll try to get there as soon as possible, OK?

M: OK. Have you any idea what's causing the hold up? It's not usually this bad on Saturday afternoons.

Q: Which of these is the most likely situation?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住一些关键词：hold up，get there。按照常识，考生不难猜出the woman遇到了堵车。其他三项内容没有提到。常用搭配：hold up v.举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

20、B

[解析] 19-22

M: I'm doing some research into the French revolution.

W: Oh, I did some on that last year.

M: Why do you think I'm here! Could you suggest some interesting and useful sources?

W: Sure. I found \"Voices from the French Revolution\" by Henri Le Brun to be very useful, as well as extremely interesting and well written.

M: What makes it so good?

W: Well, he took extracts from diaries kept by people involved in the revolution. They re ally give you an idea of how it felt to live in France during that time.

M: It sounds great. Why haven't I heard of it before?

W: Well, it's only just been translated from the French original and none of the professors have added it to their booklists yet. I used the French version and translated passages myself.

M: I see. I have been told that \"The French Revolution\" by Victoria Jones is useful.

W: I didn't find it very useful. I mean, there was nothing in it that you can't find else where. On the other hand, it's cheap, because it's available in paperback, and you can buy it at many bookshops.

M: What about using resources available on the Internet?

W: I used the Internet for my research, but I didn't find it very helpful. Many of the web sites were too small to contain much detailed information. Others provided links to other websites, but I found myself spending a lot of time following links and not finding much information.

M: Yes, I've run across that problem myself.

W: You could try the new edition of William Wright's book. It has the same title as Victoria Jones' book. It only came out a couple of months ago and I haven't seen a copy yet. A lot of it has been rewritten or consists of additional material recently found in French archives.

M: Thanks for your help. I'll go to the bookshop and see if I can find the books you've recommended.

W: when does your research have to be completed by?

M: Well, the essay is due in six weeks, so I'll try to finish the research in four, giving me two to write the essay.

W: Good luck!

19. Which of these is not given as a reason for using Henri Le Brun's book?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住一句话：I found“Voices from the French Revolution”by Henri Le Brun to be very useful，as well as extremely interesting and well written．从中，考生得知，除B选项以外其他三个选项都是使用Henri Le Brun的书的原因。

21、B

[解析]

What can we tell about books from what the woman says about the three on the French revolution?

此题考查听细节的能力。首先，题目问的是关于书的问题，C选项就可以直接排除。如果考生抓住了On the other hand，it's cheap，because it's available in paperback，就可以知道，paperback的书比较便宜。A选项的内容在对话中并没有提到。D选项正好是不用这些书的理由之一，不是正确答案。

22、A

[解析]

What are the problems with using the Internet as a research tool, according to the woman?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住I used the Internet for my research，but I didn't find it very helpful．Many of the websites were too small to contain much detailed information．Others provided links to other websites，but I found myself spending a lot of time following links and not finding much information．A选项的内容正好是这几句话的总结，因此为正确答案，可排除其他选项。

23、C

[解析]

Why didn't the woman use the new edition of William Wright's book in her research?

此题考查听细节的能力。此题要求考生抓住You could try the new edition of William Wright's book．It has the same title as Victoria Jones’book．It only came out a couple of months ago and I haven't seen a copy yet.,就可以推出C选项的内容。A、B、C三项内容在对话中没有体现。

常用搭配：run across v.偶遇，跑着穿过

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

24、D

[解析] 23-25

W: Have you been to the new sports centre yet?

M: I certainly have. I joined the fitness club on Monday and I met another squash player there. We're going for a game this evening.

W: I signed up for the aerobics class, but I haven't checked out their other facilities yet.

M: Go to their fruit juice bar. They do snacks too. The staff there are really friendly and you can meet the other people who go to the sports centre.

W: Which snacks do you recommend? I suppose they must be really healthy-not the kind of food I usually see you eating!

M: That's true. I like the carrot cake best. By the way, they offer tennis classes at the centre. Didn't you say you were interested in learning?

W: Yes, I did. Are they expensive?

M: They're cheaper than I've seen anywhere else, mainly because they teach you in small groups, not individually. You can get individual coaching if you prefer.

W: I'm happy with a small group. I mean, I want to learn just to play for fun, not in any competitions or anything.

M: Why don't we go there together now, unless you've got something else on? We can have a little look around and you can buy me a nice healthy snack.

W: Well, I am free as it happens, but why should I buy you a nice healthy snack?

M: You did say last week that you thought I should try to eat a little more healthily.

23. Why has the woman taken an aerobics class?

此题考查从能力。听完整个对话后，考生得知aerobics classes并不是这个体育中心提供的唯一的项目，the woman还知道很多其他活动的情况，因此，B、C两项为错误的。A在对话中并没有提及，因此，不能确定基为原因。

25、B

[解析]

What kinds of tennis classes does the new sports centre offer?

此题考查听细节的能力。考生在做此题时，应该重点捕捉tennis后面的信息，只要抓住了 they teach you in small groups，not individually．You can get individual coaching if you prefer．，就不难得出B为正确答案。

26、C

[解析]

What can we tell about the man's eating habits from the conversation?

此题考查听细节的能力。此提问的是the man的饮食习惯，是一个宽泛的情况，D选项显然过于具体了。如果考生抓住了I suppose they must be really health - not the kind of food I usually see you eating!就可以知道C选项为正确答案，A、B两项都不符合说话人的意思。

Section B

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

27、C

[解析] 26-28

London, the capital of England and the UK is the world's ninth-largest city. Its history spans nearly 2,000 years, beginning with the arrival of the Romans soon after their inva sion of Britain in AD43. London is situated on the banks of the river Thames, in southeast England. London has many historic buildings including Buckingham Palace, Big Ben and Westminster Abbey. It is also a major centre for entertainment, shopping and dining.

The West End is a large area of central London to the west of the City, containing most of the best-known theatres and shopping districts.

London's population reached a peak of around 8.6 million in 1939 then declined slowly to below 7 million in 1983. Only recently has London population reached over 7 million. The population of London alone exceeds the total population Scotland.

Although most of the population is white and Anglo-Saxon, more than a quarter of London's population is from an alternative ethnic background, making up half of the Britain's total ethnic minorities. This gives London the largest non-white population of any European city and is an important part of its cosmopolitan feel. Over 250 languages are spoken in the city, making the capital the most linguistically diverse city in the world.

26. How many languages are spoken in London everyday?

此题考查听细节的能力。注意英文中数字的听写。在文章的最后才听到Over 250 languages are spoken

in the city。如果可以的话，建议考生在考试的时候将听到的数字都用笔记下来。后面加上注释。这个地方考查学生对英文数字的听力理解。注意抓住关键词over．

28、A

[解析]

What is the name of the river which runs through London?

此题考查听细节的能力。抓住关键词River In London，London is situated on the banks of the river Thames，in southeast England．所以答案是A。伦敦市内只有一条非常著名的河，the river Thames。泰晤士河(流经牛津，伦敦等)。这个在某种意义上来说也是伦敦的象征。

29、C

[解析]

What is London's West-End famous for?

此题考查听细节的能力。注意be best known for sth．和be famous for sth．同义。此处学生在听到有关The West End的词的时候，就要把相关的单词都记录下来。然后再做题就好了。

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

30、B

[解析] 29-31

People from all cultures and ethnicities can be found in every corner of Britain and each per son in his or her own way has contributed to make Britain the place it is today.

If you walk down a street in Britain, especially in the bigger cities you will usually see peo pie with different hair, skin and eye colours. They may have white, brown or black skin and blonde, brown, black, or red hair, with blue, black, brown or green eyes. Many of the people you will see will be British people but they all look different because the people of Britain are a mixed race. Not all British people are Christian or White.

There are British people whose parents first came to Britain in the 1950s and 1960s from the Caribbean, India, Pakistan, Hong Kong and other places. Their homes are mainly in the big English cities like London, Birmingham and Manchester.

About 8% of the population of Britain today are people from other cultures and ethnicities. That is 4. 6 million people and in London almost 300 different languages are spoken every day.

29. Which part of China did some British peoples' parents come from?

此题考查听细节的能力。抓住关键词peoples’parents come from，找到文章中相对应的 There are British people whose parents first came to Britain in the 1950s and 1960s from the Caribbean， India，Pakistan，Hong Kong and other places．文章中列举了一系列的地方，但是中国部分的只有。考生最好能把其他不知道的地方的前两个字母标出来，以方便答题。

31、D

[解析]

What hair colours can you find in Britain?

此题考查听细节的能力。大家听到了好多形容词，有形容肤色的，还有形容眼睛的，但是考我们的是头发的颜色。考生要做的就是把每一组形容一件事物的形容词的第一个单词记下来，然后在后面写上该组形容的单词，就可以做出该题。这样的题会让很多考生感到很迷惑，一下子出来了这么多词。这个时候一定要冷静。一点一点区分。

32、B

[解析]

What are the examples of big cities given in the passage?

此题考查听细节的能力。Their homes are mainly in the big English cities like London，Birmingham and Manchester．做类似的题的时候不要惊慌，单词不会写不懂也别着急，只要把听力中出现的单词的前两个或一个字母写下来就可以了。例如：你只要写Lon Bir Man基本上就能断定该题的答案，还节省时间。在做这样同类比较的细节题的时候，考生还是要细心，虽然选项迷惑性很大，但是凭借你的能力，完全可以轻松地找出正确的答案。

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

33、D

[解析] 32-35

Thanksgiving Day is one of the biggest holidays in America. Every family comes together at

their parents house, and talks about their live, they also have a big party. Usually, they cook a big turkey and many side dishes such as pumpkin pie. And they have a nice holiday with their family.

It originated in the 1600's. The Pilgrims, who were a group of people from England, arrived in America and some Indians helped them. The Indians taught them how to plant grain such as corn, vegetables and pumpkins. So, after that, the Pilgrims had a party for their Indian friends every year.

During this holiday, many shops have promotions and big sales. The day after Thanksgiving Day, which is called \"Black Friday\every American goes shopping to catch the cheapest good before others. It could be described as a \"Shopping War\". If you wait and go shopping on Sunday, it will be too late! You wont be able to buy many things, because many goods will sold out already. But, sometimes window shopping is a nice experience on Thanksgiving Holiday.

In Korea, there is a very similar holiday, which is called \"Chu-suk\". This holiday also ex presses thankfulness for ancestors. People will give thanks for the plentiful harvest that year. Almost all Koreans come together with their family, see relatives who live far away and have an ancestor-memorial service with many kinds of food, which had a good harvest that year. Chu-suk is almost the same as Thanksgiving Day.

Every human seems to feel thankfulness for their ancestors, and once a year, they celebrate their good harvest and health. The styles of these two holidays are a little different but the feelings and emotions are the same.

32. Which country is Thanksgiving a famous holiday in?

此题考查听细节的能力。题干的意思是Thanksgiving Day in which country is a famous holiday?文中虽然没提到有关famous的单词，但是这个节日起源于美国，又在美国得到了发展，所以答案是D. 这道题

考察考生的归纳能力。头两段就能反映出该题的答案。

34、B

[解析]

What is the special name given to the Friday after Thanksgiving?

此题考查听细节的能力。The day after Thanksgiving Day，which is called \"Black Friday\"．考生抓住关键词，special name，after，这样就能找到答案。在做该题的时候学生要注意上下文，尽量在旁边做上笔记。

35、C

[解析]

Who started Thanksgiving in the 1600's?

此题考查听细节的能力。考生在听该题的时候一定要注意年代1600，然后马上做出反应，找出问题的答案。经过后面的描述，是Pilgrims and the Indians开始的感恩节。

36、A

[解析]

What food is usually eaten during Thanksgiving?

此题考查听细节的能力。Usually，they cook a big turkey and many side dishes such as pumpkin

pie．主要考察考生能不能听到turkey和pumpkin pie这两样食物都是感恩节的象征。

Section C

37、trusted

[解析] 36-46

Perched among the highlands of western Cameroon, bordered by green mountains and cliff faces, Lake Nyos is a scene of breathtaking beauty. But the picture cannot be(36) trusted. A detailed study reveals that the lake could release a(37)deadly cloud of carbon dioxide, capable of wiping out entire communities around its shores.

The warning, from a team of scientists, comes nearly 20 years after the lake (38)discharged an estimated 80m cubic metres of CO2 into the atmosphere. Heavier than air, the cloud of gas rolled down, (39)surrounding hillsides and villages. Silent and invisible, it (40)exhausted the air of oxygen, killing hundreds of cattle and claiming the lives of more than 1,700 people up to 26km away. \"It was one of the most mysterious(41)disasters scientists have ever investigated\" said George Kling, an ecologist at the University of Michigan.

Researchers called in after the 1986 (42)tragedy discovered that the lake, which sits atop a volcano, contained record levels of carbon dioxide. Gas bubbling up from the Earth's magma was under such(43)pressure at the bottom of the 200-metres-deep lake that it dissolved until it reached max. (44)A slight shake then released the dissolved gas as a dangerous bubble.

To prevent a recurrence, in 2001 engineers installed a pipe to suck CO2 from the bottom of the lake and release it harmlessly into the air. (45)A pipe was also installed at Lake Mo noun, where an outbreak of CO2 killed 37 people in 1984. Dr Kling's team recommends the urgent installation of a

further four pipes in each lake at a rate of one a year. (46)\"By 2010, those five pipes would be enough to get the carbon dioxide down to safe levels,\" he said.

此题考查听特定信息的能力。解题的关键在于对于单词的正确反应，抓住该词前的“cannot be”，用动词的被动语态。

38、deadly

此题考查听特定信息的能力。从句子结构上可以看出这里要填一个形容词。“deadly”在这里是形容词，解释为“致命的”。“deadly”还可以作副词，有“如死一般地，极度地、非常地”意思。

39、discharged

此题考查听特定信息的能力。解题的关键在于对于单词的正确反应，抓住该词前的“cannot be”，用动词的被动语态。

40、surrounding

此题考查听特定信息的能力。解题的关键在于从其后的“hillsides and villages”推测出此处要填一个动词，然后要把握住前句中的“roiled down”和句意来推出这里所填的动词要用动词的ing形式，表示一种伴随状态。

41、exhausted

此题考查听特定信息的能力。解题的关键在于抓住上句所用的时态为一般过去时，由于此句还是在描述湖水释放二氧化碳的情景，所以要用过去时。

42、disasters

此题考查听特定信息的能力，解题的关键在于对于单词的正确反应，注意这里为复数。

43、tragedy

此题考查听特定信息的能力，解题的关键在于对于tragedy“悲剧”的正确拼写。

44、pressure

此题考查听特定信息的能力，难度不大。

45、A slight shake then released the dissolved gas as a dangerous bubble.

此题考查听单句的能力。关键要听明白句中released和dissolved两个词，前者是谓语动词的过去式而后者是过去分词作定语。

46、A pipe was also installed at Lake Monoun，where an outbreak of CO2killed 37 people in 1984。

此题考查听单句的能力。关键要听明白由where引导的地点状语从句。另外，对于几个数字快速反应是这道题的难点。

47、“By 2010，those five pipes would be enough to get the carbon dioxide down to safe levels，”he said．

此题考查听单句的能力，解题的关键在于对于关键词carbon dioxide“二氧化碳”的快速反应及拼写。

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

48、

根据搭配关系，可以和系动词连用，而且和about搭配的只有concerned。

49、

根据题意，此处需要动词，而且表示解决，只有address。

50、

此处需要名词，而且“关注”的对象应该是电子游戏的影响，因此选择答案influences。

51、

此处需要名词，而且电子游戏的教育功能只是一种待开发的“潜力”所以选potential。

52、

根据题意此处应该为带有教育“目的”或“倾向”，因此选intentions。

53、

根据题意，此处应为一名词，而且表示原理，机理，只有mechanism可以。

54、

此处选择三人称单数动词，而且根据题意，应表示“伴随”故此选accompanies。

55、

此处需要一个定语，在剩下的词中选择，只有satisfying“令人满意地”，符合题意。

56、

此处应填入动词，而且表示“带有”只有retain和contain，而后者表示“含有”更符合题意。

57、

本题需要动词，而且可以和role角色搭配只有assumes。resumes为干扰选项。

Section B

Passage One

58、D

属事实细节题。第一段指出：“幸运的是，3.3万亿美元的世界旅游业解决贫困地区的贫穷问题再合适不过。”

59、C

属信息归纳题。第三段把传统经济和旅游经济进行对比，说明两者一个重大的区别在于，后者不需要太多资金。

60、A

属指代关系题。在第三段，“这些原材料”明显指代上文刚提到的“丰富的文化，独特的自然环境和好客的主人”。

61、D

属信息推断题。作者在文章结尾讲到：“只有当我们去旅游，去接受彼此的文化、成就和梦想时，我们才能真正相互接触。”可以断定，作者之所以认为通过旅游我们才能真正相互接触是因为他认为只有旅游才能真诚地学到一种文化。

62、D

属主旨思想题。文章介绍旅游业三方面的价值，包括社会、经济和文化。

Passage Two

63、D

属事实细节题。本文开篇即指出：“借自商业的哲学式教育的首要宗旨为促进商业与工业之间的联系，这不足为怪。”

、C

属逻辑关系题。第二段开头说：“在人们认为美国与工业邻国展开激烈的、近乎残酷无情的竞争这样一个时代，要维持目前的生活水准，教育必须日益强调培养国家的年轻人在这样的市场上竞争，这成为一种信条。”明显本句的前后信息为因果关系。

65、C

属信息推断题．第三段介绍了认为教育应服务于经济的观点，该观点把教师视为传输人，即认为知识应传输。

66、B

属信息归纳题。第三段介绍了倡导以孩子为中心的观点，该观点认为“课程应以每个孩子的体验和兴趣为基础，每个孩子都是自己现实积极投入，独一无二的建设者。”可见，这些人的观点源自于他们对孩子以及对知识来源的看法。

67、D

属事实细节题。文章在结尾指出：“这些描述则表明每种思想都言之成理，但必定会莫衷一是。”

Part Ⅴ Cloze

68、C

动词词义辨析。计算机病毒只能是“创造，设计出来”出来的，不可能是已经有的被发现，discovered。也不可能是已经存在或者是通过机械工程制造出来的。

69、B

同义名词辨析。析出考察的是“机率”chance，而不是仅仅是“机会”。

70、D

同义名词辨析。此处表达的是计算机电子邮件中的附件其他词都是对前词的意义重复。

71、C

形容词词义辨析。此处作者表达的意思是“相对没有什么伤害，这样才符合上下文意思。

72、D

同义名词辨析。病毒附着在attach信息或EMAIL上的，这样才能起到传播的效用。

73、A

形容词词义辨析。此处作者表达的意思是‘发出的邮件’，其他不具备该意思。

74、A

动词词义辨析。此处是大量邮件导致邮件系统无法承担，所以选择A。

75、A

动词词义辨析。原文的意思是使系统受到打击并瘫痪，所以只有A表达这层意思。

76、C

形容词辨析。此处作者要表达“有摧毁性的”意思，所以只能选择A。

77、A

动词词义考核。这里spring作动词，是跳跃的意思，spring to life的意思是一下就复活了。

78、B

同义名词辨析。作者表达的是“干坏事”的意思，其他不符合题义。

79、B

可能被修改。

80、C

动词词义辨析。此处要表达的意思是wipe out清除掉。

81、A

形容词的使用与辨析。此处作者所表达的意思是“有害的”，其他的不符合题义。

82、A

动词词义考核。计算机病毒也可以“传染”其他的计算机。

83、C

动词固定搭配考核。固定搭配，一不小心。

84、A

动词词义辨析。固定搭配，根据上下文可理解为使网络瘫痪。

85、D

名词词义辨析。只有D有“生产力”的意义。

86、B

动词词义辨析。原意是使什么跛足，在这里可以理解为严重影响了整个电子邮件系统。

87、C

单词考核。“单”是去年一年。

Part Ⅵ Translation

88、shouldn't have driven so fast

根据前句的时态，可以看出这道题是对已经发生的事情的虚拟，但同时语气上又是表责备的，所以要用shouldn't have done sth(不应该做某事)。

、I had worked harder at school

根据后面主句中的would可以看出从句是对以前已经发生的事情的虚拟，所以要用had done。

90、all it stands for; all it represents

stand for或者represent(象征，代表)。

91、prevent him from joining the army

动词短语prevent sb from sth/doing sth是考点。

92、broke down half way

动词短语break down(失灵)是考点。