2023届上海市黄浦区高三二模英语试卷及答案

英语试卷

2023.4（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）第I卷（共100分）

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Onanair-conditionedbus.B.Inabicycleshop.C.Inanexaminationroom.D.Inaswimmingpool.2.A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Byunderground.D.Onfoot.3.A.Makeaplanforthenewyear.B.Sayafewwordsofcelebration.C.HaveatripduringtheSpringFestival.D.GobackhomefortheSpringFestival.4.A.Hisdreamuniversity.B.Hisinterest.C.Hismemory.D.Hispastexperience.5.A.Heisunwillingtofaceher.B.Hehasnotimetotalkwithhernow.C.Heishurryingtoadiscussion.D.Heprefersaquickdiscussion.6.A.Askforahelper.B.Provideherwithassistance.C.Thinktwiceabouthiswork.D.Goonworking.7.A.Difficult.B.Memorable.C.Uninteresting.D.Worthwhile.8.A.Hereliesmuchonhisfamily.B.Hewillcometotheirhomebyhimself.C.Heenjoyssittinginthekitchen.D.Hewillwalktothestation.9.A.Hehasnointerestinmedicalcourse.B.Heregretsmajoringincomputerscience.C.Hegottoknowthewomanfouryearsago.D.Heaskedhimselfthesamequestionfouryearsago.10.A.Peterhassimplifiedthecriteria.B.Whethertofollowthecriteriadepends.C.Thewomanissufferingfromaterribleheadache.D.Thecriteriaarebeyondthewoman’sunderstanding.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Doarole-playtorelieveyournervousness.B.Giveconstructivefeedbacktoyourfriends.C.Searchforinformationonlineabouttheinterviewers.D.Practiseansweringpossiblequestionsintheinterview.112.A.Thehistoryandprospectofthecompany.B.Thelatestinitiativetodevelopthecompany.C.Currentemployers’commentsonthecompany.D.Recentadvancesinthebusinessareaofthecompany.13.A.Avoidlookingtheinterviewersintheeye.B.Dressfashionably.C.Expressyourselvesclearly.D.Givetheinterviewerssometimetothink.14.A.Itrevealsyouaresmartandprofessional.B.Itindicatesyouhaveaclearcareerplanning.C.Itshowstheinterviewersimpressyoudeeply.D.Itimpliesthecompanyisyourconsciouschoice.Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.15.A.30Australiandollars.B.80Australiandollars.C.250Australiandollars.D.300Australiandollars.16.A.Torentacar.B.Totravelbybus.C.Totakeabudgetairline.D.Togetalift.17.A.Cleaningthekitchenintime.B.Cookingbyyourself.C.Drinkingaslittleaspossible.D.Workinginabar.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18.A.Itprovidesexpertadviceonbusiness.B.Ithasover50businesspartners.C.Itserveslocallargestcompanies.D.Ithas75officesaroundtheworld.19.A.Shortageofemployees.B.India’slackofinterestinstoneproduction.C.DecreaseinstoneexporttoIndia.D.Outdatedproductdesign.20.A.Providingdifferentwaystoincreaseitsexports.B.Invitingastone-cutexperttotrainitsemployees.C.Makingananalysisofitsfinanceandcompetitors.D.TalkingtothemajorcompetitorsinIndiainperson.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThecostofcomplexityinsupplychainsAdamSmith,thefatherofmoderncapitalism,famouslythoughtthatfairmarketsrequiredacommonmoralframeworkbetweenbuyerandseller.That’snosurprise,consideringthathisideascameoutofthe18th-centurymarketplace,in__21__producersandconsumerswerelikelytobeneighbours.Advancesintechnology,transportandcommunicationshavetakenusalongwaysincethen,__22__(create)complexglobalsupplychains.These__23__(reduce)consumerpricesbutintroducedrisksoftheirown,fromlabourexploitationandenvironmentaldegradation.Oneofthecostsofthesesupplychainshasbeentheriseofpowerfulcorporatemiddlemenbetweenhomebuyersandsellers.Thesemiddlemen,includingBigTechplatformslikeAmazon,makeitpossibleforustobuygoodsmade__24__theothersideoftheworld,butthisconnectivepoweristhreateningaccountabilitybycreatingsomuchseparationbetweenbuyersandsellers__25__it’simpossibletomatchupwiththerealcostofconvenienceandlowprices.Thereareplentyofexamples__26__(support)thecase,fromtextilesmadewithchildlabour,tothe2unequalrentstakenbymiddlemeninfinancialservicesorplatformtechnology.Inthelatter,lackofinformationequalitymakesitdifficultformarketparticipantstohavea(n)__27__(share)understandingofwhatisbeingboughtandsold.Thetwobigquestionsarehowtocreatesystemchangeand__28__willbearthecostofit.Therearenosimpleanswersto__29__ofthequestions,thoughtechnologyoffersnewpossibilitiestoconnectbuyersandsellers.Direct-to-consumerretailersand3Dprinting,which__30__(allow)forshortersupplychains,arebothexamplesofthis,thoughneithercurrentlyprovidesanywherenearthescaletoreplacecurrentsystemsoffinanceormanufacturing.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.automaticallyB.coexistC.conceptD.discontinuedE.discouragedF.necessarilyG.optimismH.pricedI.profit-generatingJ.promotionalK.trashTooGoodToGoAroundthecountry,appsthatconnectcustomerstobusinesseswithleftoverfoodhavebeguntospread.The__31__issimple:Restaurantsandgrocerystoresthrowawayhugeamountsoffoodeveryday.Ratherthan__32__it,appslikeTooGoodToGoandFlashfoodhelpbusinessessellitatareducedprice.Theyclaimthatthebusinessesandbuyersarehelpingtheenvironmentbecausethefoodwouldotherwisebecomefoodwaste,abigcontributortoclimatechange.IntheUnitedStates,customersin12citiescanlookthroughrestaurantsandstoresonTooGoodToGo,thenreserve“surprisebags”thattypicallycostabout$4to$6andcontainfoodthatwouldhavebeen__33__atroughlythreetimesthatamount.Severalfoodwasteexpertsexpressed__34__thatthesetypesofappscouldhelplimittheamountofwastedfood.Andeventhoughcharitableorganizationsoftenredirectunwantedfoodfromrestaurantsandgrocerystorestofoodbanksandcommunitykitchens,there’sspaceforallofthesekindsofsolutionsto__35__.Onecomplicationisthat,accordingtointerviewswithseveralcompaniessellingonTooGoodToGo,atleastafewitemsforsaletherearen’t__36__whatbuyersmightthinkofas“foodwaste.”TheownerofaBaltimoredessertshopsaidsheconsideredtheappa(n)__37__tooltoreachnewcustomersbysellingwhatshecalled“littlesamples.”Abeercompanyownersaidheusedtheapptosell__38__products,butalsosoldnewflavorsthereinhopesofattractingnewcustomers.Mr.Crummie,theTooGoodToGodirector,saidtheapp__39__thistypeofbehavior.“Ifsomebodyispaying$5,theyshouldbereceiving$15worthoffood,”hesaid.“Soit’snota(n)__40__platform.”III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Somanyofusareterribleatbeingterrible.Asourchildrenventureofftoschool,sports,dancesandmusiclessons,weurgethem:Justtrysomething,keeppracticing,you’reonlyabeginner.Andyet,facedwithourownfailure,webecomelessconfident,andquitaltogether.Imagesofperfectionfilloursocial-mediafeeds,alongwithadvertisementsassuringuswewouldn’tbeso__41__ifwejustboughtthisthingortriedthatproduct.Parentsoftenaddtothepressure,__42__theirkidswillendupslidingdownthesocioeconomicladder.Whatifwe’re__43__?3“It’ssucha__44__nottohavetobegood,”saysKarenRinaldi,whoreferstoherselfasahorriblesurfer.After20yearsontheboard,sheisstillbad,andshelovesit.Thereistheexcitementofbeingoutonthewater,butthereisalsothe__45__ofnothavingtobetheexpert,thefreedomto__46__helpandrelyonothersinawaysheneverwouldatwork.Backonland,shesayssheismoreunderstandingand__47__others’mistakes.“Thebenefitofnot__48__myselfeveryday,”shesays,“isthatIgettosurfeverytimeIwant.”Ms.Rinaldi,whoseexperienceledtoabookaboutwhatyoucanlearnfromfailure,recommendsaskingyourself:“Whatisitthatyou’vealwayswantedtodoortrybutweretoo__49__?”Whateveritis,shesays,startdoingit.Shouldyoustruggle,__50__thefactthatyou’reabeginner.“Gointherewiththe__51__tosay,‘I’mnew,’”shesays.“Peoplewanttohelpyoulearn.Itmakesthemfeelgood.”Takemyselfasanotherexample.Istartedyogalessonsthissummer.WhenI__52__SydSchulz,aprofessionalmountainbiker,thatIwasterribleattheposes,herresponsewaswhatdidyouexpect?“It’salittle__53__topeoplewhohavespentyearsandyearsoftheirlivesacquiringskillstothinkthatyoushouldhavethoseovernight,”saysMs.Schulz.Yearsspentworkingonhercyclinghavetaughtherthatimprovementoftencomesin__54__steps,followinglongstretchesofinactivityorevengetting__55__.41.A.distressingB.imperfectC.impressiveD.incredible42.A.fearingB.confirmingC.hopingD.indicating43.A.missingoutB.puttingupC.settinginD.takingoff44.A.burdenB.nonsenseC.puzzleD.relief45.A.disappointmentB.nervousnessC.preferenceD.satisfaction46.A.acknowledgeB.offerC.refuseD.seek47.A.angryatB.delightedinC.embarrassedwithD.patientwith48.A.awardingB.forgivingC.isolatingD.pushing49.A.afraidB.annoyedC.depressedD.exhausted50.A.acceptB.concealC.denyD.examine51.A.excitementB.modestyC.potentialD.pride52.A.apologizedtoB.arguedwithC.complainedtoD.shoutedat53.A.abusiveB.amazingC.annoyingD.attentive54.A.carefulB.hesitantC.involuntaryD.unsteady55.A.alertB.fulfilledC.improvedD.worseSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)WhenofficialsfromBrazil’sIndigenous(原住民)protectionagencyapproachedthehutinthemiddleoftheAmazonrainforest,theirfearswereconfirmed:Theywerewitnessingthefirstrecordeddyingoutofanuncontactedtribeinthecountry’shistory.Themanlyingthere,thelastmemberofhistribe,haddied,andwithhimanentirecultureandanswerstoathousandquestions.Evenhisnamewasamystery.Hewasknownonlyas“theManoftheHole”becauseofthedozensofholeshehaddugovertheyearsinhisterritory.Hisage,too,couldonlybeguessedat.Heappearedtobeabout60,officialssaid.ItwasasadmilestoneforacountrythatinrecentyearshasseenprotectionsforIndigenousgroupsunderminedbyanadministrationthathasprioritizeddevelopmentoftheAmazonoverconservation.InRondônia,theonlyresidentofthe8,000-hectare(公顷)arealivedincompleteisolationforatleast2yearsaftertherestofhisgroupwaskilledbyranchers(农场主)advancingtheagriculturalfrontier.Brazil’sIndigenousprotectionagency,Funaimadedirectcontactwiththelastsurvivingmanonlyin1996.MarcelodosSantos,anIndigenousexpert,wholedtheFunaiexploitthatmettheman,saidhewasfoundhidinginhishut.“Wetriedtoestablishaconversationandofferedcornandarrows,buthewasterrifiedandveryaggressive.Fromthismomenton,wehadtorespecthisisolation.”Evenwithprotectionsinplace,theterritorysufferedwidespreaddeforestationupuntilabout13yearsago.Attacksonthelastsurvivingmancontinued,aswell,includingonebyarmedgunmenin2009,accordingtolocalnewsreports.“Forme,hewassomehowamiracle:tobeabletosurviveonhisown,notspeaktoanybodyandavoidallcontactmaybeoutofgriefordetermination,”saidFionaWatson,aresearchdirectoratSurvivalInternational,aLondon-basedrightsorganization.56.Thedeathof“theManoftheHole”__________.A.washiddenfromthepublicbyranchersB.symbolizedthedisappearanceofatribeC.revealedhisname,ageandfamilybackgroundD.wasbroadcastlivebyBrazil’sIndigenousprotectionagency57.Theunderlinedword“undermined”(paragraph4)isclosestinmeaningto“__________”.A.affordedB.monitoredC.soughtD.weakened58.In1996,“theManoftheHole”__________.A.madehislastcontactwiththeoutsideworldB.witnessedthemostseveredeforestationinhistoryC.escapedbeingshotbyagroupofaggressivegunmenD.learnedmoresurvivalskillswitharrowsofferedbyFunai59.WhatdoesFionaWatsonregard“theManoftheHole”as?A.Animageoffearandisolation.B.Animageofcultureandmystery.C.Asymbolofresistanceandstrength.D.Asymbolofhistoryandstruggle.(B)Home>Studentlife>Preparingforuniversity>Startingyourcourse>WelcomeBuddiesWelcomeBuddiesatAngliaRuskinUniversity(ARU)

YourWelcomeBuddyisheretosupportyouwhenyoustartyourundergraduatecourseatARU.Whetheryou’releavinghomeforthefirsttime,orareamaturestudentreturningtohighereducation,youmaybefeelingamixofemotions,fromexcitementtonervousness,orperhapsworryaboutfeelinglonelyasyouwon’tknowanyoneyet.Don’tworry,thisisperfectlynormalandit’swhywehaveourWelcomeBuddyorganization–studentssupportingotherstudentsinthetransitiontoARU.WhatdoesaWelcomeBuddydo?YourWelcomeBuddywillgetintouchwithyouwhenyoustartatARU,takingawaythosefirst-daypanic!Onceyou’vestartedARU,theywillthenbeintouchtoarrangeafacetofacemeetupthroughvideocallorinperson,soatleastyou’llalreadyknowonefriendlyface.YourWelcomeBuddycansharetheirARUexperiencewithyouandletyouknowabouttheamazing5clubs,societies,sportsteamsandvolunteeringopportunitiesthatyoumightwanttogetinvolvedin.Theywillhelpyousettlein,whetherthat’sshowingyouaroundcampusorthecity;directingyoutowhereyourfirstlecturewillbeorsignpostingyoutoallthefantasticsupportthat’savailabletoyou.HowwillIbematchedwithmyWelcomeBuddy?EveryundergraduatestudentstartingARUwillautomaticallybematchedwithoneofourcurrentundergraduateWelcomeBuddiesinthesamedepartmentandonthesamecourse.PostgraduateResearchstudentswillbematchedtoaWelcomeBuddywithasimilarresearchareaiftheychoosetojointheorganization.HowwillmyWelcomeBuddycontactme?Wewillsetuponanonlinedesignated(指定的)chatspaceforyouandyourWelcomeBuddyandyouwillreceiveanemailnotificationtoyourARUemailwheneveryougetamessageonthechat,soit’sreallyeasyforyoutostayintouch.OurbrilliantWelcomeBuddieswilleachlookafterahandfulofnewstudents,whowillbeaddedtothesamechatspacetoosoyoucanconnectwiththemaswell.60.Ifyouareanewcomer,whatwillyourWelcomeBuddydotohelpwithyourtransitiontoARU?A.Videocallingyoutoeaseyourtension.B.Involvingyouinthemostpopularschoolclubs.C.Introducingyoutoothernewcomersfacetoface.D.Familiarizingyouwithschoollifeassoonaspossible.61.Ifyouareanundergraduateinvisualcommunicationdepartment,whoismostlikelytobeyourWelcomeBuddy?A.Adam,apostgraduateautomaticallymatchedtoyou.B.Joyce,anundergraduatetakingthesamecourseasyou.C.Peter,apostgraduateinvisualcommunicationdepartment.D.Grace,anundergraduatestudentintheEnglishlanguageartsdepartment.62.Whatcanyoudointheonlinedesignatedchatspace?A.StayintouchwithotherbrilliantWelcomeBuddies.B.OpenyourARUmailboxtocheckmessageupdates.C.Setupyourownchatspacewithothernewstudents.D.ContactyourWelcomeBuddyandothernewcomers.(C)ChatGPTbecamethehottestissueduetoitsabilitytoproducehuman-soundingessays,poetry,andscreenplaysonvirtuallyanysubjectinseconds.SoonafterChatGPTwasreleased,thepotentialforittobemisusedtodothingssuchasspreadmisinformationandwritejunkmailsbecameapparent.Schoolsandeducatorsalsohavewarnedofthepotentialforstudentstouseittowriteessaysorotherworktheyhavebeenassigned.LastDecember,thesoftwarepassedallthreepartsoftheU.S.MedicalLicensingExaminationaspartofaresearchexperiment.Sothestartup,OpenAIbehindtheviralchatbot,revealedatoolfordetectingtextgeneratedbyartificialintelligenceamidgrowingconcernsthetechnologywillbeabusedbycheaters,junkmailsendersandothers.OpenAIsaidthatitsso-calledAIclassifierwasdesignedtohelppeopledistinguishbetweentextwrittenbyahumanversusarangeofartificialintelligenceprograms—notjustChatGPT.OpenAIsaidithadschoolsinmindwhendevelopingitslatestclassifiertool.“WerecognizethatidentifyingAI-writtentexthasbeenanimportantpointofdiscussionamongeducators,andequallyimportantisrecognizingthelimitsandimpactsofAI-generatedtextclassifiersintheclassroom,”itsaid.Theclassifierisn’tgoodenoughonitsown,thoughitcanbeusedtogowithmethodsthateducators,employersandothersrelyontodeterminethesourceofapieceoftext.Inevaluations,thenewtoolcorrectlyidentified26%ofAI-writtentextas“likelyAI-written”,whileitalsohadfalsepositives9%ofthetimein6whichitincorrectlylabeledhuman-writtentextasAI-written.Anotherproblemisthatthetoolcan’teasilytellifalistoffacts—U.S.statecapitalsforexample—waswrittenbyapersonorAI,becausethecorrectanswerwouldbethesame.AI-writtentextcanalsobeeditedtoescapetheclassifier.“WhileitisimpossibletoreliablydetectallAI-writtentext,classifierslikeourscanbeupdatedandre-trainedbasedonsuccessfulattacks,”OpenAIsaid.“Butitisunclearwhetherdetectionhasanadvantageinthelong-term.”63.ChatGPT’spassingtheU.S.MedicalLicensingExamismentionedto__________.A.accountforitsoperatingprinciplesB.illustrateitscomplexstructureC.emphasizeitsgrowingpopularityD.warnagainstitspotentialdanger.What’sthefunctionofAIclassifier?A.DeepeningtheimpactofAIwriters.B.IdentifyingthetextsgeneratedbyAI.C.PromotingtheuseofAIinclassroomdiscussion.D.Arousingeducators’awarenessofAI-relatedtechnology.65.WhatcanbeconcludedfromtheevaluationofAIclassifier?A.Itisawork-in-progress.B.Itisgoodatstoringfactualinformation.C.Itcanhelpajournalisttoeditatext.D.Itisareliableeducationaltool.66.WhatdoesOpenAIthinkofAIclassifier?A.Itwillbereliableaftercontinuousself-updateandretraining.B.Whetheritcanhelpeducatorsinthelong-termisoutofquestion.C.Whetheritcansolvetheproblemsasintendedremainsaquestion.D.Itwillsucceedindetectingallhuman-writtentextsinthenearfuture.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.B.C.D.Thetechnologyisn’talwaysmisused.Italsosuggeststhatdeepfaketechnologyisnowataturningpoint.Thetechnologyismovingsofastthatlawmakerswilllikelyalwaysfallbehind.ThatiswhyIbelievewearegoingtohavetorelyontechnologytoprotectusfromaproblemithelpedcreate.E.Abetterapproachwithalongertimehorizonismediaprovenancesystemstoconfirmtheoriginsofimagesandvideos.F.Tobeeffectiveinpractice,suchsystemswouldhavetobewidelyadoptedbyallcontentcreators,whichwilltaketime.DeepfaketechnologyisnowathreattoeveryoneLastOctober,MITProf.SinanAralwarnedhisTwitterfollowersthathehaddiscoveredavideoofhimselfthathehadn’trecordedsupportinganinvestmentfund’sstock-tradingalgorithm(算法).Inreality,itwasn’tProf.Aralinthevideo,butanartificial-intelligencecreationinhislikeness,orwhatisknownasahighlypersuasive“deepfake.”Itisstrikingthatscammers(诈骗犯)targetedProf.Aral,consideringheisaleadingexpertonthestudyofmisinformationonline.__67__Thankstoanumberoffreedeepfakeappsthatarejustaclickaway,anyonecanbecomeavictimofsuchascam.ThetermdeepfakehascometomeantheuseofAItocreatefakemediainwhichsomeoneappearstobedoingorsayingwhatinrealitytheyhaven’tdoneorsaid.__68__Butpositiveusecasesarelikelytobe7overshadowedincomingyearsbythetechnology’spotentialroleinfinancialscam,identitytheft,etc.Anotherbigchallengeisthatinanonlineworldwherepeoplecanuploadcontentofunknownnames,itcanbedifficulttofindtheindividualsbehinddeepfakes.__69__Onesuchsolutionistodetectdeepfakesthroughmachine-learningmethods.Whilethesedetectorscanbesuccessfulintheshortterm,peoplelookingtoavoidsuchsystemswilllikelyjustrespondwithbettertechnology,creatingacontinuingandexpensivecat-and-mousegame.__70__Whilelawmakingeventuallymayofferprotectionagainstdeepfakes,Ibelievethemarketcouldbequicker—providedwe,asconsumersandcitizens,care.IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Whyyou’remorecreativeincoffeeshopsSomeofthemostsuccessfulpeopleinhistoryhavedonetheirbestworkincoffeeshops.PabloPicasso,JKRowling,BobDylan–whetherthey’repainters,writersorsinger-songwriters,peopleacrossnationsandcenturieshavetappedintotheircreativityworkingawayatatableinacafé.Therearemanywayscoffeeshopsactivateourcreativityinawayofficesandhomesdon’t.Someofusstickinourearbuds(耳塞)assoonaswesitdowntoworkinapublicsetting.Buta2012studypublishedintheJournalofConsumerResearchshowedthatalow-to-moderatelevelofrelaxingnoiseonallsidesinaplacelikeacafeteriacanactuallyincreaseyourcreativeoutput.Theideaisthatifyou’reveryslightlydistractedfromthetaskathandbybackgroundnoise,itenhancesyourabstractthinkingability,whichcanleadtomorecreativeideageneration.Anotherstudyfrom2019hadsimilarfindings,thatis,therightamountofnoisebenefitsoursenses.Andaudiostimuliinthebackgroundalsohelpusimprovedecisionmaking.There’salsothefactthatinacoffeeshop,we’resurroundedbypeoplewho’vecometodothesamethingasus,whichactsasamotivator.A2016studybackedupthisideawhenresearchersaskedparticipantssittingnexttoeachotherinfrontofacomputertodoataskonthesamescreen.Thestudyshowedthat“simplyperformingatasknexttoapersonwhomakesalotofeffortinataskwillmakeyoudothesame”.Oneofthebiggestthingsaboutcoffeeshopsisthesocial-facilitationeffect:yougothere,youseeotherpeopleworkinganditputsyouinamoodwhereyoujustnaturallystartworkingaswell.第II卷（共40分）

V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.每逢节假日，很多热门酒店往往一房难求。(It)73.我们在那场足球赛中的失利是众多因素共同作用的结果。(contribute)74.为了避免在检票口排长队，他提早很久到达了机场。(before)75.非盈利机构是我们社会的重要组成部分，为有需要的人提供服务，帮助他们重拾生活的信心。(need)VI.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是海平中学高三学生李明，你所在的社区将在暑假开设面向小学生的日间托管服务，现招募社区高中生志愿者，要求每一位志愿者能根据自己的特长开设一门微课程。请写一封应聘信（信中请不要出现真实的个人信息），信的内容须包括：1)简单的自我介绍；2)你准备开设的微课程的名称和主要内容；3)你开设这门微课程的理由。8参

I.ListeningComprehension1-511-14BCDBBDDCD6-1015-17ADBBDBCB18-20ACCII.GrammarandVocabulary21.which26.tosupport31-35CKHGB22.creating27.shared36-4023.havereduced28.whoFJDEI24.on29.either25.that30.allowIII.ReadingComprehension41-4556-5967-70BAADDBDACBADE46-5060-62DDDAADBD51-5563-66BCADDDBACIV.SummaryWritingResearchshowsthatacaféisaplacethatwillboostcreativity.Theseeminglydistractingbackgroundnoise,aslongasatapropervolume,canbenefityourcreativethinkinganddecisionmaking.Also,thoseinthecoffeeshopswhoareworkinghardcanpushyoutodothesame.(49words)V.Translation72.It’sdifficulttobookaroominmanypopularhotelsinholidayseasons.73.Acombinationoffactorscontributestoourlossinthefootballgame.74.Hearrivedattheairportwellbeforetheflight/theplanetookoff(,just)toavoidlongqueuesatthecheckingdesks.75.Thenon-profitinstitutionisanimportantpartofoursociety,providingservicesforthoseinneedand(thus)helpingthemrestoreconfidenceinlife.VI.GuidedWriting略9听力文字稿

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.W:CanIhelpyou,sir?Areyoulookingforabike?M:Yes.Theweatheriswarmingup.IthinkIshouldgetsomeexerciseinsteadoftakingabusallthetime.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?2.M:AnexhibitionofPicasso’spaintingsisbeingheldintheArtGallery.Doyouwanttogowithme?W:HowcanImissit?Butwiththebusdriversonstrikeandtaxissoexpensive,wehavenochoicebuttotakethesubway.Ifonlywehadacar.Q:Howarethespeakersmostlikelytogotothegallery?3.W:IwillheadhomeandcelebratetheSpringFestivalwithmyfamily.Andyou?M:Youtookthewordsrightoutofmymouth!That’smyplan,too.Haveasafetripandhappynewyear!Q:Whatwillthemando?4.M:Professor,howdoImakethemostoutofthecourse?W:Isuggestfocusingonthetypesofunitsthatyouaremostinterestedin.Thiswillhelpyoudevelopyourpassionandgiveyoumorememorableuniversityexperience.Q:Accordingtotheprofessor,whatshouldthemantakeintoaccounttomakethemostoutofthecourse?5.W:Excuseme,MrLi.Ihavesomethingtodiscusswithyou.M:I’monthewaytoameeting,MissLiu.WouldyoupleasecomenextMonday?Q:WhatdoesMrLimean?6.M:I’vealreadyworkedfor12hoursovertime!W:Don’tyouthinktheyshouldgetyouanassistant?Q:Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?7.W:Mygoodfriendisactuallyhostinganinternationalexchangestudent.M:Iknow.Theremaybealittlebitofalanguagebarrier,butthat’stobeexpected.Q:Whatdoesthemanthinkofhostinganinternationalstudent?8.M:I’msoexcited!Atthistimetomorrowmorning,Grandpawillbesittinginthekitchenwithus.Arewepickinghimupatthestation?W:No,helikestobeindependent.Q:WhatdoweknowaboutGrandpafromtheconversation?9.W:Youruniversityisfamousforitsmedicalcourse,butwhydidyouchoosetostudycomputerscience?M:Iwishyou’daskedmethisfouryearsago,myfriend.10Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?10.M:Alright,guys,didyougetthat?Thosewerethe10criteriathatweallneedtofollow.W:Sorry,Peter,thatjustwentovermyhead.Couldyousimplifythatforme?Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through14arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Todaywe’regoingtolookattipsforjobinterviewsinEnglish.First,practice.Youonlygetafewminutestoimpresstheinterviewers,somakesurethatyoupractice.Askafriendtoplaytheroleofinterviewer.Answerthequestionsandgetsomefeedbackfromyourfriend.Tryagainuntilyouarehappywithyourresponses.Next,makesurethatyouresearchthecompanyyouareapplyingto.Ifyouknowsomebodywhoalreadyworksthere,maybeyoucanaskthemaboutworkingforthecompany.Ifyoudon’tknowanyone,youcandosomeonlineresearchtofindoutthecorporatecultureofthecompany.Also,researchthelatestdevelopmentsintherelevantbusinessarea.Thissortofinformationwillreallyimpresstheinterviewersandalsoshowyouhaveinitiative.Ournexttipistolookthepart.Appearancesdomatterinthejobinterview.Itisimportantthatyoulooksmartandprofessional.Firstappearancesareimportant.Makesurethatyousmileandmakeeyecontactwiththeinterviewers.Don’tforgettospeakclearlyandnottoofast.Giveyourselftimetothinkaboutyourresponses.Lastly,don’tforgettoaskquestions,too.Thisshowsyou’regenuinelyinterestedinthepositionandthecompany.Doaskquestionsaboutprofessionaldevelopmentandcareerprospect,forexample.That’sall.Goodluckwithgettingthatjob.11.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendintervieweestodobeforetheinterview?12.Accordingtothespeaker,whatinformationshouldanintervieweepresenttoimpresstheinterviewer?13.Whatshouldintervieweesdotoleaveagoodimpressionontheinterviewers?14.Whyisitimportantforanintervieweetoaskquestionsintheinterview?Questions15through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThisisKatiefromCreativeTravelGuideandtodaylet’slookatthetypicalpricesinAustralia.Dormbedsinhotelscanbefoundfromaslittleas15Australiandollarswhileprivateroomsinbudgethotelscostaround80dollars.Moreluxurioushotelsstartat250.Anaveragemealwillcostyouaround20Australiadollarswhileasit-downmealinarestaurantfortwowillcostatleast80.GreyhoundoffersbusjourneysaroundAustraliawithpassesavailablefrom30to300Australiandollars.Australiaisn’tanexpensivecountrytovisitbuttherearewaystosavesomemoney.Whenyou’retravelingaroundthecountry,trytosticktobusesorcarshareswithfriendsratherthanflyingfromonedestinationtoanother.Ifyou’reshortontimeandyouhavetofly,sticktobudgetairlineslikeTigerAirways,JetstarandScoot.EatingoutinAustraliacanbeabigexpenseformany.Mosthotelswillhaveakitchenavailableforyoutouse.Soyoucantrytocookyourownmeals.DrinkingcanbeexpensiveinAustraliatoo.Sotakeadvantageofthevarioushappyhoursonofferaswellasthebarsinhotels.Hopeyouhaveanamazingtimetravelingthecountryandstaycreative.1115.InAustralia,howmuchdoesasit-downmealinarestaurantfortwocostatleast?16.WhatdoesthespeakeradviseyoutodoifyouaregoingtotravelaroundAustraliainalimitedperiodoftime?17.Accordingtothespeaker,whichofthefollowingcanhelptocutyourbudgetoneating?Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.W:Mr.Smith,it’sapleasuremeetingyou!M:Nicetomeetyou,too.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,I’mheretoshowyouwhatourfirmcandoforyou.AstroConsultantshasbranchesinoverfiftycountries,offeringdifferentbusinessservices.We’reaglobalcompanywith75yearsofhistory.Andourclientsincludesomeoftheworld’slargestcompanies.M:Thankyou,Mrs.Houston.IknowAstroConsultantsisafamouscompany.Butyousaidyouwouldshowmewhatyoucoulddoforme.Well,whatexactlycanyourfirmdoformycompany?W:Weadvisebusinessesonallmatters,frommarketanalysistolegalissues.Anythingabusinesslikeyourscouldmeet.Ourfirmoffersexpertadvice.Couldlaskyou,Mr.Smith,totellmealittleaboutyourcompanyandthechallengesyouface?Thatway,Icouldbetterrespondastohowwecanhelpyou.M:OK,sure.Thisisafamilybusinessstartedbymygrandfatherin1950.Weemployjustover100people.Wemanufactureandexportstoneforbuildingsandotherconstructions.Ourclientsusuallywantaspecialkindofstonecutinaspecialdesign.Andthat’swhatwedoinourfactory.Ourmainchallengeisthatournationalmoneyisrising,whichmeansourIndianclientshavetopayfarmoremoneythanbeforetogetthestones,sowe’relosingcompetitiveadvantagestostoneproducesinIndia.W:Isee.That’sveryinteresting.Iwillsuggestthatyouletusfirstconductafinancialanalysisofyourcompany,togetherwiththeanalysisofyourcompetitorsinIndia.Thatway,wecouldofferthebestadviceondifferentwaysforwardforyou.18.WhatdoweknowaboutAstroConsultants?19.WhatisthemainproblemwithMrSmith’scompany?20.WhatdoesMrs.HoustonsuggestdoingtohelpMrSmith’scompany?12