大纲模拟题 一

大纲模拟试题一

I. Vocabulary

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

1. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't what color it was. A. make out B. look to C. look out D. take in

2. The of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually make jobs easier to do.

A. addition B. association C. application D. affection 3. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been __

A. imposed B. exposed C. composed D. opposed 4. Mr. Morgan can be very sad ___, though in public he is extremely cheerful.

A. in person B. in private C. by himself D. as individual 5. You should these tables and buy new ones.

A. throw off B. throw down C. throw up D. throw away 6. __ their suggestions, we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.

A. In regard for B. In regard to C. With regard of D. Regardless for 7. The medicine which the doctor gave her can only 'her temporarily from pain. A. relax B. relieve C. relay D. release 8. On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with __ eye.

A. naked B. bare C. flesh D. pure

9. Many new __ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education. A. opportunities B. necessities C. probabilities D. realities

10. The weather is highly __ at this time of the year and it is hard to know what to wear. A. various B. variant C. variable D. varied

11. When you go to a new country, you must __ yourself to new manners and customs. A. adopt B. fit C. suit D. adapt 12. I found myself completely by his vivid performance.

A. carried out B. carried off C. carried away D. carried on 13. These safety measures will __ the reduction of accidents.

A. give in B. result from C. result in D. originate in 14. Some discussion has about who should be put in charge of this project. A. risen B. lifted C. raised D. arisen 15. __ these changes we must revise our plan.

A. In the course of B. In the light of C, In spite of D. In addition to

16. Although the examination he had passed was unimportant, his success him in his later study.

A. persuaded B. promised C. urged D. encouraged

17. More and more cheaper materials are being ___ for the better, more expensive kind in production.

A. replaced B. displaced C. substituted D. transformed 18. We are taking a collection to buy flowers for John because he is in the hospital. A. to B. up C. over D. off

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19. This is the first time you have been late.

A. under no circumstances B. on no account C. by no means D. for no reason 20. The taxi had to because the traffic light had turned red.

A. set up B. catch up C. shut up D. pull up II. Grammatical Structure

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

21. So frightened __ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch.

A. was the girl B. the girl was C. such a girl was D. that the girl was 22. It was then that I came to know that knowledge comes from practice. A. until B. not until C. till D. since 23. Everything depends on __ we have enough time.

A. if B. when C. whether D. that 24. I'd just as soon __ rudely to her.

A. you not speak B. your not speaking C. you didn't speak D. you hadn't spoken 25. you may be right, 1 can't altogether agree.

A. As B. While C. If D. Since

26.--I must have eaten something wrong. I feel like __ --I told you not to eat at a restaurant. You'd better __ at home.

A. to throw up ... to eat B. throwing up ... eating C. to throw up ... eat D. throwing up ... eat

27. His response was __ that he didn't say yes and he didn't say no. A. so B. what C. what D. such

28. __ nothing more to discuss, the CEO got to his feet, said goodbye and left the meeting room.

A. There was B. Being C. There being D. As there being 29. I went to my adviser to ask him what courses __

A. should I take B. must I take C. to take D. I were to take 30. I have not found my book yet. I'm not sure __ I could have done with it. A. whether B. what C. why D. where

31. He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there. If he hadn't seen it himself, he __ it. A. never have believed B. never did believe

C. could never believe D. would never have believed

32. ! wish Bill would drive us to the train station but he has to take us all. A. very small a car B. too small a car C. a too small car D. such a small car

33. __ the building for stolen goods, the police found twenty machine guns. A. Searching B. Being searching C. Searched D, To search

34. Not until the year of 1954 __ made the capital of this province. A. the city was B. when the city was

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C. was the city D. was when the city 35. If the dog hadn't barked loudly, we caught red-handed. A. won't have been B. needn't have been C. mustn't have been D. shouldn't have been

36. The budget they made is unrealistic it disregards increased costs. A. for that B. for which C. in that D. in which

37. The Latin class had twenty students, __ had had much better language training than 1. A. most of which B. which C. most of them D. most of whom 38. Close the door, ?

A. will you B. do you C. shall you D. don't you 39. The storm, they had to live in a cave.

A. has destroyed their hut B. to destroy their hut C. having destroyed their hut D. being destroyed

40. It was going to be some time __ he would see his father again. A. since B. when C. until D. before

Ill. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:

In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce, A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.

41. To parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses, the cost of living increases because

A. children attend school for more years

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B. children are better dressed

C. children spend more money on entertainment D. all of the above

42. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents?

A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn't pay much attention to children.

B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children.

C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself.

D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her own interests because one parent is too busy taking care of children.

43. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may __ A. become worse B. remain the same C. get better D. keep unchanged 44. The title of the article might be __

A. American Children B. American Families C. American Mother D. American Parents

Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:

When I was studying at Yale, some phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.

I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar (讨论会). The professor didn't act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the students. One linguistic (语言的) feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal (情态的) verbs--far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, \"This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong.\" or \"You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting.\" In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore, students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question, i still remember how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they were sure about it.

Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same idea in their English composition. The examinations in America usually do not test a student's ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not only as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing critical thinking. 45. In the USA, when the students are in class, __ A. a Chinese student tends to be very active B. an American student likes to make trouble C. a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacher

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D. an American student tends to be vigorous

46. A teacher in the USA prefers to __ when he answers questions. A. be very sincere B. be very direct

C. be very self confident D. be very indifferent

47. What is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods between China and the USA?

A. He thinks that Chinese teaching methods can make students learn more.

B. He holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to improve students' remembrance.

C. He thinks that American teaching is ability oriented. D. He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.

48. The author thinks that the relationship between the student and the teacher is __ A. more intimate in China B. closer in China

C. looser in USA D. more harmonious in USA

Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:

With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can. The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations--add, subtract, multiply and divide--with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.

Once it is given a \"program\" -- that is, a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language -- a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.

Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered \"memory\" machine that \"has all the answers\"--or almost all. Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do. At times computers seem almost human. They can \"read\" hand printed letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called \"thinking\" machines?

Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10, 000 times more complex

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than a computer. How we use them is for us, not the computer, to decide. 49. \"Program\" means __

A. a plan of what is to be done

B. a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time table C. a scheduled performance

D. series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer 50. The computer is a high powered \"memory\" machine, which __ A. has all the ready answers -- or almost all to any questions B. can remember everything

C. can store everything and work for you

D. has all the answers -- or almost to all the information that has been stored 51. \"Thinking\" machines suggest that __ A. they can \"read\" hand printed letters etc

B. they really can think and do many other jobs C. they even design other computers

D. they can't think, but can do something under human control 52. Can computers do whatever they want to do? Why?

A. Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can. B. No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.

C. No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.

D. No, because how a computer works is decided by human.

Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:

Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.

The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.

Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids;

after that grounders and rollers break up everything that can be broken. Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage.

The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with the growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.

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53. The main purpose of the passage is __

A. to show us a future way of recycling wastes B. to tell the importance of recycling wastes C. to warn people the danger of some wastes D. to introduce a new recycling plant

54. How many stages are there in the recycling process? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.

55. What is the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants? A. To deal with wastes in a better way. B. It's a good way to gain profits.

C. It's more economical than to dump wastes in some distant places. D. Energy can be got at a lower price. 56. Which of the following statements is true?

A. The word \"rubbish\" will soon disappear from dictionaries. B. Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy.

C. To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods.

D. Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.

Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:

There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses--all of which led to modem descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modem inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.

Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grand level--variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum--or the data may represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible from the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.

Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make prediction using 'a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine of the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample

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of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population.

57. With what is the passage mainly concerned?

A. The drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics. B. Applications of inferential statistics. C. The development and use of statistics. D. How to use descriptive statistics.

58. Which of the following is NOT given as an example of qualitative variable? A. Gender. B. Height. C. College major. D. Type of personality.

59. Which of the following statements about descriptive statistics is best supported by the passage?

A. It simplifies unwieldy masses of data. B. R leads to increased variability. C. It solves all numerical problems.

D. It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables.

60. According to the passage which is the purpose of examining a sample of a population? A. To compare different groups.

B. To predict characteristics of the entire population. C. To consider all the quantitative variables. D. To tabulate collections of data.

Section B

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or 61 in your work would depend, to a great extent, 62 your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. Of the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 63 begins a job convinced that lie isn't going to like it or is sure that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt by it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.

65 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A book keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is hopeless cases.

This book has been designed to help you capitalize 66 the strength and overcome the 67 that you bring to the job of learning. But in group to measure your development, you must first take stock of where you stand now. 68 we get further along in the book, we'll be dealing in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 69 skills. However, to begin with, you should pause to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure

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in school: your 70 , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.

61. A. improvement B. victory C. failure D. achievement 62. A. in B. on C. of D. to 63. A. who B. what C. that D. which . A. onto B. on C. off D. in

65. A. Have B. Had C. Having D. Had been 66. A. except B. but C. for D. on

67. A. idea B. weakness C. strength D. advantage 68. A. as B. till C. over D. out 69. A. learnt B. learned C. learning D. learn

70. A. intelligence B. work C. attitude D. weakness

IV. Translation

Directions: There is 1 passage in this part of the test. You are to translate the passages into Chinese on your Answer Sheet. 71.

The existence of oil wells has been known for a long time. Some of the Indians of North America used to collect and sell the oil from the wells of Pennsylvania. No one, however, seems to have realized the importance of this oil until it was found that paraffin-oil could be made from it; this led to the development of the wells and to the making of enormous profits. When the internal combustion engine was invented, oil became of worldwide importance.

There are four main areas of the world where deposits of oil appear. The first is that of the Middle East, and includes the regions near the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, another is the area between North and South America, and the third, between Asia and Australia, includes the islands of Sumatra, Borneo and Java. The forth area is the part near the North Pole. When all the present oilfields are exhausted, it is possible that this cold region may become the scene of oil activity. Due to general working conditions and the environment, the costs may be so high that no company will undertake the work. And if they do, the cost of the oil will eventually be passed on to consumers. If progress in alternative power sources to drive machines is fast enough, it is possible that oil-driven engines may give place to the new kind of engine. In that case the demand for oil will fall, and the oilfields will gradually disappear, and the deposits at the North Pole may rest where they are for ever.

模拟试题一参及部分试题答案解析 一、答案

I. Vocabulary

1-20 ACBBD BBAAC DCCDB DCBCD II. Grammatical Structure 21-40 ABCCB DDCCB DBACD ADACD III. Reading Comprehension 41-60 DDCBD ACDDD DDABC DCBAB 61-70 CBADC DBACC

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IV. Translation翻译答案略，请参考2004年版通用英语选读相关课文。

二、解析

I. Vocabulary 1.

【答案】A

【译文】我只能看到远处一辆汽车，可是分辨不出汽车的颜色。 【试题分析】词组辨析题。 【详细解答】make out意为“辩认出，理解”，符合句意。look to“照顾，负责”；look out“当心，提防”；take in“容纳，理解，欺骗（多用于被动态）”，均不符合句意。 2.

【答案】C

【参考译文】新的科学发现应用于工业生产方法上常使工作更容易做。 【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。

【词义辨析】application应用、运用：the application of theory 理论的运用。A. addition增加，一般用于in addition to”除„„之外”结构中，此处不符合句意，科学发现不是“增加到”工业生产方法上，而是“应用到”工业生产技术中。B. association联系，联想；协会；结交：I’m working in association with another person. 我与另外一个人合伙工作。D. affection爱情；爱；影响。 3.

【答案】B

【参考译文】他咕噜地说了些什么，仿佛泄露了一个秘密，脸一下红了。

【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题，题干中“secret”和“blush”为关键词，“mumble”并不影响答案的选择。 【词义辨析】expose暴露；泄露：be exposed to the sun暴露在阳光之下。A. impose常与介词on搭配，表示“把„„强加于„„上”。如：impose one’s idea on others把某人的思想强加给别人。C. compose组成：be composed of由„„组成。D. oppose反对：be opposed to this plan反对这一计划。 4.

【答案】B

【参考译文】虽然摩根先生在公开场合显得十分高兴，私下里却很忧伤。 【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，题干中“in public”为提示语。

【详细解答】in private私下地，指不被众人所注意：Cecil can be very rude in private, though in public he’s usually polite. 塞西尔在大庭广众中通常很有礼貌，但私下里却很粗鲁。用在此处，正符合句意。A. in person 亲自：He brought me the book in person. 他亲自给我送来这本书。C. by himself独自一人，独自地；强调不需要他人帮助，如He cooked the meal by himself. 他自己做了这顿饭。D. as individual作为个人而言，此词组并非固定搭配，类似的有as a student作为学生；as a physicist作为一名物理学家。 5.

【答案】D

【参考译文】你应该把这些桌子扔了，买些新的。 【试题分析】此题考有关throw的短语辨析。

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【词组辨析】throw away扔掉：Don’t throw this book away. It may be used later。别把这本书给扔了，以后可能有用。A. throw off摆脱掉；匆匆脱下（衣服）：throw off the bad habit摆脱坏的习惯。此处题意是说去旧换新，而非摆脱桌子。B. throw down朝下扔。C. throw up（接名词）放弃：throw up one’s job放弃工作。 6.

【答案】B

【参考译文】关于他们的建议，我们将在下次会议充分讨论。 【试题分析】此题为词组辨析，以及固定搭配辨析题。 【详细解答】in regard to/of 关于„„，为固定搭配，所以A在形式上就不成立。with regard to 也可以表示“关于„„”，但不能用介词“of”来代替“to”，因此可以排除C。regardless of 不注意，不关心；不顾：regardless of wind or rain风雨无阻。所以D项在搭配上也不正确。 7.

【答案】B

【参考译文】医生给她的药只能暂时减轻她的病痛。 【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。

【词义辨析】relieve减轻（病痛、紧张情绪等）：relieve sb. from anxiety消除某人的忧虑。A. relax放松；使不紧张：relax the muscles放松肌肉。C. relay转达，转播：relay a program转播一个节目。D. release释放：release sb. from the prison把某人从监狱中释放出来。 8.

【答案】A

【译文】在多云的夜晚，不可能用肉眼观察到星星。 【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】肉眼是固定搭配，必须用naked。 9.

【答案】A

【译文】将来更多的机会将会对受过大学教育的人开放。 【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】opportunity意为“（做„„的）机会”，符合句意。necessity，“必需品”；probability，“可能的结果”；reality，“现实，实际存在的事物”，均不符合句意。 10.

【答案】C

【译文】每年的这时候，天气特别多变，都不知道穿什么好。 【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】various意为“各种各样的”；variant意为“不同的”；variable意为“多变的，变化异常的”；varied意为“变化了的，色彩丰富的”。根据句子意思，应选C。 11.

【答案】D

【参考译文】当你到一个新的国家时，你应该适应新的礼节和风俗。 【试题分析】此题既是近义词辨析题，又是形近词辨析题。

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

【词义辨析】adapt使适应，使适合，常用adapt oneself to sth. 结构中。如adapt yourself to the new environment适应新环境。A. adopt采纳、采取；收养：adopt this suggestion采纳这条建议。B. fit使„„适合，但着重强调“符合某种要求”，用在此处，从结构上讲，完全可以，但意义不大合适，且fit多用于sth. fits sb. for„结构中，如His great height fits him for the team games. 他身材高大适合参加球队比赛。C. suit满足，合„„之意；一般不用人做主语。suit oneself随自己的便，爱干什么就干什么。 12.

【答案】C

【参考译文】我发现我完全被他那生动的表演吸引住了。 【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，考有关“carry”的词组。

【词组辨析】carry away 吸引住；使激动得失去控制，多用于被动语态：He was carried away by his success. 他被成功冲晕了头脑。A. carry out执行；完成；实现：carry out the plan完成这一计划。B. carry off 拿走，夺走：His life was carried off by the disease. 这种病夺去了他的生命。D. carry on 继续，进行：They carried on in spite of the difficulties. 尽管困难重重，他们仍坚持下去。 13.

【答案】C

【参考译文】这些安全措施将减少事故的发生。 【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。 【词组辨析】result in 引起（某种结果）；导致：His carelessness resulted in the failure of this experiment. 他的粗心大意导致了实验的失败。A. give in 屈服：He would rather die than give in to the enemy. 他宁死不向敌人屈服。B. result from由„„引起的，与result in是一对反义词组。Lung cancer partly results from heavy smoking. 肺癌部分是由过分吸烟造成的。D. originate in 起源于：Their friendship originated in a chance meeting. 他们的友谊源于一次偶遇。 14.

【答案】D

【参考译文】人们讨论谁将负责这一项目。

【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题，更主要地是易混词辨析题。

【词义辨析】从题意中可得出此处应填一个不及物动词，故可排除B、C两项。D. arise

出现；发生：Difficulties will arise as we do the work. 我们着手工作时定会遇到困难。A. rise上升；上涨：The price rose up. 价格上涨，用在此处不合句意。 15.

【答案】B

【参考译文】鉴于这些变化，我们必须修订我们的计划。 【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题。 【词组辨析】in the light of 鉴于；根据：take actions in the light of actual situations根据实际情况采取行动。A. in the course of 在„„期间，在„„过程中的。C. in spite of 不顾。D. in addition to 除„„之外，相当于besides。

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

16.

【答案】D

【参考译文】尽管他通过的这次考试并不重要，却给他以后的学习不少鼓励。 【试题分析】此题为近义辨析题。

【词义辨析】encourage鼓励：He encouraged me to accept this challenge. 他鼓励我

接受这一挑战。A. persuade说服：persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事。B. promise答

应，允诺：He promised to come. 他答应要来的。C. urge鞭策，力促：to urge the horse

on 鞭马前进。从题意中可以看出这次考试并不重要，只是鼓励了他，而不是鞭策他。所以

D为最佳答案。 17.

【答案】C

【参考译文】在生产中越来越多的廉价材料被用以代替质优但价格较高的材料。 【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题，主要考搭配。

【词组辨析】substitute替代，常用于substitute A for B结构，表示“用A来代替B”：substitute plastic for wood用塑料代替木材。A. replace代替，被动时与by搭配使用：be replaced by gas 被煤气所取代。C. displace转移；取代：I’ll displace Sally when she is away on business. 当Sally出差在外时，我取代他的位置。同样，displace在被动句中，与by搭配使用。D. transform转变，改变，多用于transfrom„from„to„结构中，表示“把„„从„„转变为„„”。 18.

【答案】B

【译文】我们筹款为John买花，因为他住院了。 【试题分析】词语搭配题。

【详细解答】take up a collection是一个固定词组，意思是募捐，筹款，其它三个介词都无法和take 和a collection 搭配。 19.

【答案】C

【参考译文】这绝非你第一次迟到。 【试题分析】此题为近义词组辨析。

【词义辨析】by no means决不：He is by no means discouraged. 他决不气馁。A. under no circumstances无论在什么情况下都不要，强调不受环境变化的影响。B. on no account

无论持任何理由决不，无论如何不要，强调不管有无原因都一样。D. for no reason没有任

何理由。本句是强调一种既存的事实，而不是将要发生的事情，当然不能选A、B。C才是最佳答案。 20.

【答案】D

【参考译文】出租车不得不停下来因为红灯亮了。

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

【试题分析】此题为词组辨析题，考与“up”搭配的动词短语。

【词组辨析】pull up停下：The car pulled up at the school gate. 车子在校门口停下来。A. set up 建立：set up a school建立一所学校。B. catch up（with）赶上：catch up with his classmates赶上他的同学。C. shut up闭嘴。

II. Grammatical Structure 21.

【答案】A

【参考译文】那女孩在黑暗中十分害怕，不敢挪动半步。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查倒装句。

【详细解答】以副词 so, often, always, then, now等开头的句子要用倒装词序。 22.

【答案】B

【参考译文】直到那时我才逐渐明白知识来自于实践。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查强调句型。

【详细解答】这是一个 it is„that强调句型，强调部分是not until then。如果not until短语放在句首，句子则用倒装结构。此句not until未放于句首，故不用倒装句式。 23.

【答案】C

【参考译文】一切都在于我们是否有足够的时间。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查宾语从句。

【详细解答】if和whether引导宾语从句，通常可互换，但在介词之后通常用whether。如宾语从句置于主句之前，则也要用 whether。例如Whether he enjoys reading, I wonder。 24.

【答案】C

【参考译文】我倒宁愿你对她讲话不要那么不客气。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查虚拟语气。 【详细解答】would just as soon（=would rather, had rather或had just as soon）意为“宁愿”后接从句时，其从句谓语动词要用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。 25.

【答案】B

【译文】尽管你可能正确，我也无法完全赞同。

【试题分析】语法题，要求考生掌握从属连词的用法。

【详细解答】根据本句中两个分句的意思关系，可以推断出两者是转折关系。as和since在此处不合适。while相当于although。as作“尽管，虽然”之意，只能用于倒装句型中，如：Right as you may be, I can’t altogether agree. 26.

【答案】D

【译文】——我必定是吃了什么不好的东西了，想吐。

——我早告诉过你不要在餐馆里吃饭。你最好在家里吃饭。 【试题分析】本题测试短语结构。 【详细解答】feel like 表示“想要”，后接名词或动名词；had better 表示“最

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

好”，后接动词原形，故选项D正确。 27.

【答案】D

【译文】他的回答如此，没有说是，也没有说不是。 【试题分析】测试句子结构。

【详细解答】句子中包含结果状语从句。such 后可直接跟that分句表示结构，这时such 是代词，一般用于主系表结构中。例如：His diligence was such that he made great progress.  28.

【答案】C

【译文】：因为没有什么再讨论的了，这位首席执行官站起来，说声再见然后离开会议室。

【详细解答】本题的前半句是分词结构。There being（There be的分词形式）引导的分词短语在句中做原因状语。因此选C。 29.

【答案】C

【译文】我去见我的导师并问他该选什么课。

【试题分析】语法题，要求考生注意从句中单词的顺序及从句的缩略形式。

【详细解答】由疑问代词引导的从句必须使用正常语序，它可以有省略形式，即省略主语，而把谓语动词变为不定式。因此A和B都不对，而D有时态错误，也不可以用。 30.

【答案】B

【参考译文】我还没找到我的书，我不知道我把它怎么了。 【试题分析】此题为语法题。

【详细解答】此题考查宾语从句的引导词。高中时我们就学过“ do with„”，需与“what”搭配，而“deal with”需与“how”搭配，如：what have you done with my camel? 这里“ what”是副词，意为“in what way”，“to what degree”。 31.

【答案】D

【参考译文】他确信那儿上空有飞碟，要不是他亲自看见的话，他是不会相信的。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查虚拟语气。

【详细解答】本句为与过去事实相反的假使语气的条件句子, 因此, 主句语态（时态）用过去将来完成时, 即would（coulD）+have+PP。因此, 答案为D。 32.

【答案】B

【参考译文】我希望比尔开车送我们到火车站，但他的车太小容不下所有的人。 【试题分析】此题为语法题。

【详细解答】too后接形容词和名词时, 名词前必须有不定冠词, 这一结构的词序为:too+adj. +a/an+n. 如:how strange a person, so warm a day因此, A, C词序不对；D项单独看是正确的, 但与后面的to搭配时, 与转折连词but无逻辑联系。 37.

【答案】D

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

【参考译文】有 20个学生上拉丁语课，其中大多数比我受到更好的语言训练。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查定语从句。

【详细解答】当非限定性从句修饰物时，应该用 which引导从句, 但当其修饰人时，应该用who, whom或whose。A和B选项不符合此原则。C选项前应改为句号才对。 38.

【答案】A

【参考译文】关一下门，好吗 ?

【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查附加问句。 【详细解答】当祈使句反问时，若表示请求，则反诘问句用 will you? 例如：Do it at once, will you? 但当祈使句表示邀请及劝告时，其后应用won't you? 如：Have a cup of tea, wont you? 39.

【答案】C

【参考译文】风暴摧毁了他们的茅舍，所以他们不得不住在洞里。 【试题分析】此题为语法题，考查结构。

【详细解答】这是分词的结构句。分词的完成式表示其动作发生在主句动作之前，根据句意可知，暴风雨毁掉草屋在前，故 C是答案。 40.

【答案】D

【参考译文】还要过一段时间他才会再见到他父亲。 【试题分析】此题考查句子的语法结构。

【详细解答】注意句型：It's +时间+before„表示“„„之后„„才”。例如：It will not be long before they understand each other. 他们大概不久就会互相了解。而since的特殊句型是：主语+动词完成式+其他+since+一个含一般过去时的句子。如：It has been a year since I graduated from the school. 我从学校毕业已经一年了。

III. Reading Comprehension 61.

【答案】C

【解析】本句的意思是：“成功或失败在很大程度上取决于你是否能扬长避短。”improvement改进；victory胜利；achievement成果，成就。这三个词都不合。 题意，只有C. failure“失败”最合适。 62.

【答案】B

【解析】on与前面的depend构成本句谓语。 63.

【答案】A

【解析】A person后应当是定语从句,”开始工作的那个人”。 .

【答案】D

解析】in one’s belief相信。其它选项都不能与belief搭配。 65.

石油人 第二届职称英语网络培训班 内部资料

【答案】C 【解析】本句的意思是“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”此处应填句子的主语，故选动名词having。 66.

【答案】D

【解析】on与前面的capitalize搭配，表示“利用”。做不定式help的补语。其它选项不能与capitalize搭配。 67.

【答案】B

【解析】本句的意思是“克服缺点”, 应选weakness（缺点，弱点）。idea观点；strength优点；advantage优势。 68.

【答案】A

【解析】本句的意思是：“随着更深入的阅读”，从语法角度，此处应填关联词。四个选项中，只有as能用做关联词。 69.

【答案】C

【解析】根据上下文，这里应当指“学习技能”。 70.

【答案】C

【解析】本句对全文进行总结概括，与文章的开头相呼应，Of the utmost importance is your attitude故选attitude