北京市东城区2023-2024学年高二上册期末统一检测英语模拟试题(附答案)

模拟试题

本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 知识运用（共三节，共36分）

第一节 选词填空（共11小题；每小题1分，共11分）

A

请用方框中所给的单词或短语完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。

accompanydemonstrateevaluatebreak down

in charge of

in turn

1. He put Steve ______________ the research team.2. Ken agreed to ______________ me on a trip to Africa.3. I can’t ______________ his ability without seeing his work.4. Listen up! Please come up ______________ to collect your books.5. Let me ______________ to you some of the difficulties we are facing.6. A smile can ______________ barriers.

B

请用方框中所给单词的正确形式完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡相应位置。

comfort

science

entire

anxiety

motivate

7. I admit it was ______________ my fault.

8. He seemed ______________ about the coming exam.9. He is intelligent enough but he lacks ______________.

10. I was so ______________ and warm in bed so that I didn’t want to get up.11. We should adopt a more ______________ approach in the future research.第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Last September, Sarah, 44, slipped on a platform and 12 in the gap between a train and the platform edge. When the train left the station, it ran over her right arm and leg. Unfortunately,

another train pulled in, causing further 13 . A few minutes later, someone noticed her and

called emergency services. They 14 to the scene and took Sarah to the hospital, but doctors were 15 to save her arm and leg.

16 , Sarah is now the world’s first woman to use a £250.00 bionic (仿生) arm 17 by AI.

“It’s hard to explain but when I think about a 18 — say ‘open my hand’ — my muscles twitch (颤动) in a particular way. The sensors in it will 19 these twitches, and send signals to make my hand work. And if it 20 the fact that I point my finger often, it will learn that I like to do that and make it easier for me to do so,” said Sarah.

In February, Sarah returned to work and a few months later she attended a conference in Rome to give a speech about the accident.

“I do miss myself before the accident. But at the end of the day, I’m just 21 that AI can give me a piece of my life back. I know I am blessed to be able to keep moving forward with my family.”12. A. fell13. A. changes14. A. moved15. A. uncertain16. A. Naturally17. A. powered18. A. pattern19. A. protect20. A. cares about21. A. hopeful

B. jumpedB. worriesB. turnedB. unableB. NormallyB. developedB. signalB. detectB. talks aboutB. grateful

C. stoodC. injuriesC. walkedC. patientC. ObviouslyC. gradedC. movementC. , connectC. figures outC. concerned

D. filledD. failuresD. rushedD. eagerD. LuckilyD. treatedD. momentD. reflectD. points outD. amused

第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a 22 (challenge) question at

the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. One characteristic of hybrids is 23 they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.

However, 24 it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.

Sarek’s mountains used to be covered by vast sheets of ice. Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, 25 (leave) behind about 100 glaciers. Soon after, reindeer began to arrive.

Following the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home. Getting here is quite difficult, 26 apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in its natural state. Though the Sami are allowed to continue their traditional way of life in the park, no one else can live here, and all new development 27 (ban) within park boundaries. At the far side of the valley, an ancient Sami cottage is visible. Close by, there are a few reindeer 28 (feed) on grass.

C

In New York, longtime Kunqu artists and students are working together to pass down the ancient traditional form from generation 29 generation, and Kunqu societies 30 (be) active in the city for over 30 years. And recently, these Kunqu Opera artists, young and old, staged a performance at the Big Apple 31 (celebrate) the 35th anniversary of the Kunqu Society of New York, a nonprofit culture and arts organization.

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，32分）

第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Amish Country is one of Ohio’s most beautiful places. In addition to good food and shopping, you can also learn about Amish history and experience their culture through Amish home tours and buggy rides.

a buggy ride

Amish Heartland Tours

If you would like to learn about Amish life and culture while enjoying a tour of the beauty of Amish country, Amish Heartland Tours can make it happen, offering buggy rides, custom bus tours, and special “Backroad” experiences with meals in the homes of the Amish people. You will learn about the day-to-day life of the Amish from experienced tour guides and the local people themselves.

Tours last between 1 to 3 hours depending on your choice of destination and activities.Yoder’s Amish Home

If you or your school group would like to learn more about the life of the Amish, a trip to Yoder’s Amish Home might be perfect for you. With guided tours of the house, property, and so on, you’ll learn about the history and lifestyle of the Amish up close.

Pet the animals in the old barn, learn a little German and meet their Amish teacher in their one-room schoolhouse, take a ride in a real Amish buggy, and enjoy a sweet treat from their bakery! Tours are led by local guides and last about 40 minutes.Troyer’s Amish Tours

Experience the Amish Country with a personalized, and custom touch. Troyer’s Amish Tours offers several tours including 2 and 3-hour experiences, dinner in Amish homes, as well as special events. All of the tours are tailor-made with advance notice.

For the most memorable experience, use their online contact forms to plan your visit in advance.Amish Heritage Tours

Amish Heritage Tours offers seasonally themed tours including many of the best things to do in Amish Country, with one to multi-day experiences including pick-up from your hotel, dinner, shopping, area theatre, and museums.

Plan your visit online in advance. Their website offers sample itineraries for each tour to make your stay rewarding and unforgettable.32. Which tour is intended for school children?A. Amish Heartland Tours.C. Troyer’s Amish Tours.

33. What is special about Troyer’s Amish tour?A. It presents seasonally themed tours.C. It provides a museum experience.

B. It features real Amish buggy rides.D. It meets individualized needs.B. Yoder’s Amish Home.D. Amish Heritage Tours.

34. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To promote tours.C. To highlight a lifestyle.

B. To introduce travel services.D. To celebrate the local culture.B

As you leave the Bandhavgarh National Park in India, there is a notice which shows a huge tiger. The notice says, “You may not have seen me, but I have seen you.” There are more than a billion people in India and Indian tigers probably see humans every single day. Tigers can and do kill almost anything they meet in the jungle. However, it is a little strange that attacks on humans are not that frequent.

Some people might argue that these attacks were in fact common in the past. But there were far more tigers around in those days. So, to some extent, attacks appear to have been as rare then as they are today.

People think it is because of fears, but what exactly are tigers afraid of? Can they really know that we may be even better armed than they are? Surely not. Has the species programmed the experiences of all tigers with humans into its genes to be inherited as instinct? Perhaps. But I think the explanation may be simpler and, in a way, more interesting.

I suspect that a tiger’s fear of humans lies in the way he actually observes us visually. Imagine a tiger sees a man who is 1.8 meters tall. A tiger is less than 1 meter tall but he may be up to 3 meters long from head to tail. So when a tiger sees the man face on, it might not be unreasonable for him to assume that the man is 6 meters long. If he met a deer of this size, he might attack the animal by leaping on its back, but when he looks behind the man, he can’t see a back. From the front the man is huge, but looked at from the side he all but disappears. This must be very disturbing. A hunter has to be confident that it can kill its prey, and no one is confident when they are disconcerted.

The opposite is true of a squatting human. A squatting human is half the size and presents twice the spread of back, and appears like a medium-sized deer. Many incidents of attacks on people involve villagers bending over to cut grass. The fact that humans stand upright may not just distinguish them from other species, but also help them to survive in an unpredictable environment.35. As for some people’s opinion on tiger attacks, the author is ________.A. objective

B. unconcerned

C. supportive

D. disapproving

36. Why does the author raise three questions in Paragraph 3?

A. To present assumptions.C. To question findings.

B. To evaluate arguments.D. To confirm opinions.

37. What does the underlined word “disconcerted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Confused. B. Annoyed.

C. Depressed.

D. Surprised.

38. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. It is the genes that cause the tiger’s fear of humans.B. It is hard for a tiger to make out the shape of humans.C. Tigers sense the danger the moment they spot humans.D. Tigers are less confident when facing squatting humans.

C

Think of the words in your head: that tasteless joke you wisely kept to yourself at dinner; your unvoiced impression of your best friend’s new partner. Now imagine that someone could listen in.

Recently, scientists from the University of Texas, have made another step in that direction. In a study published in Neuroscience, the team showed it was possible to read people’s thoughts with a non-invasive brain scanner called fMRI and large language models (LLMs) built with GPT.

The study centered on three subjects, who lay in an fMRI scanner recording their brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow in parts of their brains while they listened to online stories. By integrating this information with the LLMs’ ability to understand how words relate to one another, the researchers developed an encoded (编码的) map of how each individual’s brain responds to different words. Then, the team worked backward. They recorded the fMRI activity while the participants listened to a new story. Using a combination of the patterns previously encoded for each individual and LLMs, the researchers attempted to translate this new brain activity.

While many of the sentences it produced were inaccurate, the decoder generated sentences that got the main idea of what the person was thinking. For instance, when a person heard, “I don’t have my driver’s license yet,” the decoder t out, “She has not even-started to learn to drive yet.” Alex Huth from the university said, “We were shocked and impressed that this worked as well as it does.”

The researchers also found that the technology isn’t one-size-fits-all. Each decoder was quite personalized and worked only for the person whose brain data had helped build it. Additionally, a person had to voluntarily cooperate for the decoder to identify ideas. If a person wasn’t paying attention to an audio story, the decoder couldn’t pick that story up from brain signals.

While the technology was still far from perfect, the result could ultimately lead to seamless devices that help people who can’t talk or otherwise communicate easily. However, the research also raises privacy concerns about unwelcome neural overhearing. The team said the potential of the technology was such that policymakers should proactively address how it can be legally used. Jerry Tang from the team said, “Nobody’s brain should be decoded without their permission. If one day it does become possible to get accurate decoding without a person’s will, we’ll have a regulatory foundation in place.”

39. What is the study mainly about?A. The working principle of a smart scanner.B. The potential impact of mind-reading GPT.C. The advance in brain-decoding technology.D. The breakthrough in large language models.40. How did the team work backward?

A. They fed the decoder data on people’s brain activities.B. They employed the scanner to encode people’s thoughts.C. They recorded the fMRI activity to assess thinking ability.D. They used brain activity patterns to read the subjects’ mind.41. What did the researchers find?A. The decoder worked as expected.B. The decoder can get the wording right.C. The decoder required willing participation.D. The decoder can be applied to different people.42. What will the team most probably do next?A. Personalize the technology.C. Apply the technology across fields.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Microgreen Farming

Microgreens have been used in cooking since the 1980s. 43 Chefs now realize they

B. Establish proper regulations.D. Break limitations of the technology.

also add flavor and visual appeal when included in all types of dishes and recipes.

As with most vegetables, it all starts with seeds. But instead of allowing the plant to grow to its full potential, microgreens are created when the plant is harvested shortly after it starts to grow. The result is a strong flavor and an ingredient that packs a variety of nutrients and health benefits in a tiny, delicious package. The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry states that microgreens have increased levels of vitamins E, C and K. 44 One of the most significant benefits of using microgreens in dishes is that they provide an intense experience that will improve the overall flavor of any dish. Many chefs use them to add depth of flavor and to create complex flavor. Another benefit of microgreens is the convenience factor — they are incredibly easy to cook with! 45 You just put them onto your meals such as soups, sandwiches, salads, etc. Microgreens are the ultimate healthy convenience food!

46 It is usually ready for harvest in only 6-7 days and offers a spicy radish taste. The result is a dish that not only tastes wonderful but offers a visual appeal that satisfies the eyes and is incredibly nutritious!

Traditional plants require an extended amount of time and large amounts of land. 47

They require very little physical effort and are ready for harvest in as little as one week. In addition, growing microgreens doesn’t require a lot of ce, and is typically done indoors with a vertical setup. So why not give it a shot?

A. Microgreens, on the other hand, are easy!B. They were initially used as a form of decoration.

C. There is no prep and cutting work as with most vegetables.D. They have as much as 40 times more nutrients than a mature plant.E. One popular form of microgreens is a mix of purple and green radish.

F. Some beginners like to start with a familiar plant, such as radish, cabbage, or peas.G. Mature traditional vegetables are generally harvested 2 to 4 months after they are planted.

第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第48、49题各2分，第50题3分，第51题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Kieran Behan was just a boy, maybe 6 years old, when he fell in love with gymnastics, but that was before a series of injuries, two so severe that doctors told him he would never walk again.

Yet Behan, pushed on. “Doctors told me, ‘stop thinking about your crazy dreams and you must accept that it’s over for you,’” Behan said. “But I just kept saying: ‘No, no, no — this is not the rest of my life. This is not how it’s going to play out.’ And look at me now, an Olympian. They said it was impossible, but I did it.”

Kieran Behan started gymnastics when he was 8. But soon came the first of many blows: during a leg operation, a doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot. Doctors told him to prepare himself for life in a wheelchair.

They were wrong.

Although it took 15 months, Behan went back to gymnastics. But eight months after he returned from his leg injury, disaster hit again. He hit the back of his head during training. The accident caused a brain injury which affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause Behan to faint. Mearly two years after non-stop physical therapy, Kieran Behan did what he did best: he picked himself up again. He said he could not live without gymnastics and never doubted he would be back.

Finally, in 2012, his determination began to pay off. His excellent performance at the Olympic test event qualified him for the Games. “I felt like I was in a fairy tale,” he said of the London Games. “All I could think about was: ‘Is this a dream? Tell me this is really happening.’” Even though be did not enter any of the event finals, Behan never lost heart and persevered to make it for the 2016 Olympic Games at Rio de Janeiro.

Behan hopes his tale might inspire others to overcome hardship, whether it is in sports, at work or at home.

Still, he struggled to explain why he has been so unbeatable. “I think it’s probably just in my blood,” he said. “I was just born to do this.”48. What happened during Behan’s leg operation?49. In what way did Behan’s brain injury influence him?

50. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games.51. Do you think Behan is a great athlete? Why or why not? (In about 40 words)第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学学生会李华。近期，英国交换生将在你校进行为期两周的交流。

你打算邀请你校英籍外教Jim给负责接待的同学们做一个讲座，主题是如何与交换生得体相处。请你用英文写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1. 发出邀请；

2. 建议讲座的主要内容。注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,Li Hua

高二英语答案

第一部分 知识运用（共三节，36分）

第一节 选词填空（共11小题；每小题1分，共11分）1. in charge of5. demonstrate9. motivation

2. accompany6. break down10. comfortable

3. evaluate7. entirely11. scientific

4. in turn8. anxious

第二节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）12. A17. A

13. C18. C

14. D19. B

15. B20. C

16. D21. B

第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）22. challenging27. is bannedcelebrate

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，32分）

第一节（共11小题；每小题2分，共22分）32. B

33. D42. D

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）43. B

44. D

45. C

46. E

47. A

34. A

35. D

36. A

37. A

38. B

39. C

40. D

41.

C

23. that28. feeding

24. whether29. to

25. leaving30. have been

26. so31.

to

第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节 阅读表达（12分）

48. A doctor’s mistake caused a severe nerve damage that left Behan with limited feeling in his left foot.

49. His brain injury affected his balance so much that even the slightest movement could cause him to faint.

50. Because of Behan’s determination, he won at the finals in the London Games.He got the chance to take part in the London Games but he didn’t make it to the finals.He was qualified for the London Games, but he didn’t make it to the finals.51. 略

第二节（20分）

One possible version:Dear Jim,

I hope you are well. As you may know, a group of exchange students from Britain will be here for two weeks. To ensure our student volunteers are fully prepared, we plan to invite you to give a lecture. I was wondering if you would like to come.

Since you are familiar with both British and Chinese cultures, we are particularly keen to hear your ideas. Is it possible to include suggestions on how to express ourselves clearly and politely, so we could avoid causing misunderstanding? In addition, it would be fantastic if you could talk about how to use body language appropriately as it varies from culture to culture.

The lecture will be held next week on a date that works for you. It would be greatly appreciated if you could accept our invitation. We are looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua