高考英语二轮复习专项突破：七选五——线索词汇 (全国通用)(含高考真题分析)

七选五——线索词汇

距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！

养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

命题解读 阅读七选五的五个题目难度设置分为高、中、低档三个层次。题目设置由三个左右的中低档题，两个左右的中高档题构成。研究近三年的高考试题可知，常会根据核心词的复现设置一道试题。 名师指要——微技法巧图解 高考热考法1 词汇复现法

[答题微点]

专家解惑 考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。恰当地利用线索词汇，包括同义语义场的复现、反义语义场的复现及代词的指代，不仅能够帮助解答中低档题，也能够在中高档题排除干扰选项时，起到决定性的作用。 介绍段落主旨时， 常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。

[图解技巧]

[经典感悟]

【例1】(2021·全国甲卷)A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization 37.解析：本空表示条件，与本段中的“more than that”构成反义词复

of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. 现，故此处是说，要是参加人数少于5人，那就可能没有足够的衣物•Invite 5－10 people so you 可供挑选。 have a nice selection. 37.________， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. ... •Set a starting time. Maybe 自主解答：A 40．解析：空前句讲到你可以使用指令“go”，也可以播放一首特定的歌曲或其他，故“那就全程播放着you say “go，”or turn on a certain 音乐”符合语境。并且选项中的song, or whatever. 40.________. music与上一句中的song是同一范And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a 畴的词汇复现。 party! A．Less people than that B．Hold a clothing swap C．If two people are competing D．Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 高考热考法2 代词指代法 [答题微点]

代词的使用主要是为避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。代词指代一定要注意两种情况： 1．选项中的代词要特别关注；

自主解答：D

2．挖空后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。

[图解技巧]

[经典感悟]

1．选项中的代词

【例2】 (2021·浙江卷1月)If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability：33.The chances of your line being 解析：本题可利用代词指代the fastest are only one in three. So it's not just 法解题。本段提到研究人员in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 34.______This is restaurants. With a serpentine line，a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. A．Why does this always seem to happen to 为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一long, snaking line—called a serpentine 队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。选项中的what they do at most banks and fast-food this method指代的是上文研究人员想出的方法。 who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow 自主解答：F

you? B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines? C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. 【例3】 (2021·浙江卷6月) “Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 35.________ That said, we know of many post crossing members, including Chinese, who 解析：根据空前一句“Many have actually improved their English skills people in China have through their use of post crossing，” Paulo limited exposure to says. English.”可知，很多中国人A．And that's totally fine. 空处B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice 接触英语的机会有限，it. C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby. D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. 应说明这种问题导致的结果，即这使学习和练习英语格外困难。选项中的That指代前一句内容。 自主解答：B

G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away. 【例4】 (2020·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)•Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. 40.________ Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A．This will make getting answers easier. B．Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C．You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D．Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. 2.挖空后的代词 【例5】 (2022·全国甲卷)Making Requests 39．________. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, 解析：根据小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要介问题的好处，选项中的This指代上一句的内容。 自主解答：A 解析：空前一句讲到和医生question. If you don't understand the answer to 预约的时候，随身带着这些问题，而空后一句则讲到记住没有什么问题是愚蠢的问题，因此空处应说明写下

never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. A．The more friends you make in your lifetime B．The more time you spend in any given country C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 课堂培优——鲜素材微考场

Test 1

体裁 说明文 主题语境 好奇心 绍的是在就餐时发出请求，选项中的a simple request呼应小标题，且是空后一句中的this指代的内容。 自主解答：G 难度 ★★★☆☆ (2022·太原高三模拟考试二)Curiosity is rooted in our DNA． We are fascinated by the future; we are impressed with the unknown that surrounds us; we are amazed at all that we have to explore. The mysteries of the world have always been a push for us to watch. 1.________

Children are known for sticking their fingers in places where young fingers should never be. They are famous for putting all kinds of objects and substances in their mouths, everything from plastic blocks to any object in the room.

2．________ It holds our hand as we move into old age and the unknown of the future. By and large, we are determined question-askers. We want to know more than we know; we want to expand our horizons, try out the new and undiscovered, and pursue experiences that deepen our comprehension of the world we live in.

3．________ It is also the generation of possibilities. When we look at the world from multiple perspectives, we give ourselves permission to examine a wider range of resolutions. We open up our minds to explore the unexamined and unknown.

4.________ Ian Leslie explains it this way, “Curiosity is essential to an exploring mind; it opens our eyes to the new and undiscovered, encouraging us to seek out new experiences and meet new people.”

Curiosity is the catalyst (催化剂) for questioning, and questioning is what urges us to seek out the unfamiliar and the unknown. 5.________ It does not move forward, nor does it have sufficient power to dig what may lie just below the surface or just slightly out of reach. Curiosity is the fuel necessary for creativity to prosper and succeed.

A．Curiosity has its own reason for existing.

B．Without questioning, knowledge becomes inactive. C．Nowhere is this truer than when we watch our children. D．But curiosity is much more than a simple search for answers. E. Curiosity becomes a boost for new opportunities and new options. F．So ask questions to which there may be a wide variety of responses.

G．In adults, curiosity guides us toward a lifetime occupation and to new destinations.

【解题导语】 文章主要介绍了好奇心是天生的，从儿童到成人，好奇心促使人们去探索未知，同时，好奇心也带来了新的机遇和选择。好奇心是创造力繁荣和成功所必需的燃料。

1．C 解析：首句“Curiosity is rooted in our DNA．”讲到好奇心是天生的，因此空处应再次呼应“天生的”。C项用“孩子”对应“天生的好奇心”，符合逻辑，且承接下段的与children相关的话题。

2．G 解析：根据下文“It holds our hand as we move into old age and the unknown of the future.”可知，该段讲到了好奇心对成年人的引导作用，因此，设空句应含有核心词汇“成人”和“好奇心”。

3．D 解析：根据下文“It is also the generation of possibilities.”可知，该段强调了好奇心带来的可能性。D项中search for answers呼应上一段的“question-askers”，且“much more than”使前后逻辑衔接紧密。

4．E 解析：分析语境可知，下文“Ian Leslie explains it this way ”中的“it”应是指代空处，而下文“Curiosity is essential...it opens our eyes...encouraging us to seek out...”讲到了好奇心对新事物认知的推动作用，E项在话题上呼应该段主旨句。 5．B 解析：根据上文“Curiosity is...questioning is what...”可知，质疑在探寻未知过程中有促进作用，由此可知，本空应继续讲质疑的促进作用。B项肯定了质疑对知识的促进作用，且其中knowledge与下句的It相呼应。

Test 2

体裁 说明文 主题语境 帮助他人的意义 难度 ★★☆☆☆ (2022·芜湖名校高三一诊)As long as you live, you have an opportunity to change and pursue your life's purpose. When your purpose is to help others, you seek to focus on what you want to create rather than always focus on problems. This is called generativity—a concern for people besides self and family. 1.__________ Studies suggest that helping others can increase your happiness and improve your health.

When you're generative, you don't let the little ups and downs of life get to you. 2.________ According to psychologist Krauss Whitbourne, putting others before yourself is a hidden superpower. And the most generative people have better long-term well-being than people who focus purely on their own happiness.

According to a 2007 AmeriCorps study, volunteering provides not just social benefits, but individual health benefits as well. 3.________ Those who volunteer have lower death rates, greater functional ability, and lower rates of depression later in life than those who do not volunteer.

Perhaps helping others rather than focusing purely on our own well-being benefits us because the goal of volunteering may be closer to our hearts and our values than the job we have in the everyday world. 4.________ Benefiting from a sense of purpose can come from supporting your family and friends or mentoring someone. To gain the benefits of helping others, you don't need to save the world, just improve your little corner of it.

5．________ Without it, you can't be wholly satisfied or at peace. Your life is a corner

of the universe, and by improving that corner through everything you touch, you can change everything.

A．The benefits of generativity are wide-reaching. B．You don't have to do something huge to be of service. C．It's never too late to do what you can to make others happy. D．Instead, you should focus on something higher and more meaningful. E．There is a strong relationship between volunteering and health. F．Generativity is part of feeling fully yourself and living a full life. G．When you help others, you seek to focus on what you want to create.

【解题导语】 文章通过对帮助他人的意义等方面的相关论述，呼吁大众帮助他人。

1．A 解析：空前一句点出了generativity这一概念，空后一句介绍了有研究证实帮助他人的好处，可知该空应指出generativity的好处或者益处。

2．D 解析：空前一句介绍了如果一个人拥有生产力，则他不会被生活中的起起伏伏所影响。空后句介绍了要关注他人幸福，则空处应该与该段第一句形成对比或者转折。

3．E 解析：根据空前的individual health及空后的“Those who volunteer...lower rates of depression...not volunteer.”可知，做志愿服务有益于个人健康，空处应说明志愿服务和健康的紧密关系。

4．B 解析：根据空后的“don't need to save the world...little corner of it”可知，我们可以从身边入手进行志愿服务以帮助他人，并不一定需要人人都从世界入手做大事。

5．F 解析：根据文章结构及空后内容推断，最后一段应该是对generativity的必要性进行的总结和概述，空处应指出generativity，并总结其重要性。

高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准

高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。一是细化“作战地图”。从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。二是组织集体攻坚。发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。三是找准学科增分点。认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，找到质量提升的突破口。

二、课堂教学务必高效。课堂是教育教学是主阵地。高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。一是上好微专题课。春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微

专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。二是上好试卷讲评课。试卷讲评课是高三的主打课型，必须切实收到实效。首先，要精确掌握考情。考试不过夜，打铁要趁热，每次考试以后，要对班级考试情况了如指掌，充分了解易错点、易考点，这样讲评时，才能有所侧重，才能有针对性地攻克重难点。其次，要规范讲评流程。针对错误率高或重点考察的试题，教师引导出方法思路；再由学生个人进行自评自纠，小组讨论展示，找出得分原因和失分原因，真正弄清楚解题思路。师生合作再对解题思路进行再归纳总结，写到纸上记录下来，强化验证结果。三是克服“漏斗思维”。所谓“漏斗思维”，就是：今天正在学，突然有事不继续了，明天已经忘记一大部分，后天想起来，继续学，但是忘记的一大部分似乎又需要重新开始，周而复始，积累数月，结果是仅仅只有一点点的内容，而且是在同一个地方循环往复。对于常错、常考的知识点，要经常复习，要不就如同漏斗一样慢慢溜掉。尤其是对于已经进行过的专题训练、变式训练，不能认为进行过一次、两次就万事大吉，要每隔2周进行“回头看”，把学生的易错题重新编辑，归类整理后附上分析讲解印发给学生，克服漏斗思维，反复夯实专题训练的知识点。

三、学生训练务必得法。教师的教学能力最终要转化为学生的学习能力，对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。一是严格限时训练。限时训练就是让学生在规定时间内做完训练题目，既训练速度，又锻炼准确度。限时训练可短可长，可以是课前十分钟，可以是一节课，但必须坚决做到即练即评，长期坚持，通过教师评阅提升学生答题速度和效度，做到日日清，周周清，月月

清，适应高考临场答题要求。二是严格规范答题。要认真研究高考原题和高，根据学生的答题情况认真进行比对。要把学生在考试时的原生态答卷原汁原味地展示出来，再让学生自己对照答案进行打分、评价，找出与标准答案的差距，小组内相互交流、讨论，制定答题标准模板，保证将来一分不丢。三是突出变式训练。对于临界生的典型错题或遗漏知识点，要进行变式训练，一题多变进行训练，把错题作为“母题”，至少进行一题五变以上，让学生写出每道题的解题思路，最后总结出此类变式的特点和解题入手点。教师必须要把变式训练当做作业认真批改，带领学生共同验证解题思路，形成答题的基本思路。四是落实“作业自助餐”。对学生要进行分类指导，不能一刀切，尤其是对于清北临界生和一本临界生，学校应高度重视临界生转化工作。要把握好临界生的学科短板，制定好辅导、转化和提升的具体措施，要实行面批面改，落实“作业自助餐”。针对不同的高频错题，由教师分别设置变式训练题，也就是A错题出至少5道变式训练，印刷；B错题再出5道变式训练，印刷；C错题也出5道变式训练，印刷；学生可以根据自己的错题，自主领取对应的变式训练题，通过针对性训练补齐学科或知识短板，提升整体备考效益。五是强化精神激励。高三学生学习任务重，压力大，师生缺乏必要交流，学生容易出现心理焦虑、缺乏归属感等心理问题。为此，要对高三年级学生多鼓励，多表扬。大人总想听好听话，学生也是如此，越是鼓励越有劲，因老师的一句话、一个眼神而改变一生命运的事例不胜枚举。教师要不吝赞美，从情绪上、从情感上调动学生学习积极性。

高考前30天冲刺复习方法： 英语

一、英语听力：要坚持每天听1、调整并保持听力状态很重要。建议考前，考生要保持每天20分钟的听力练习量。

2、真题最好反复演练。最后的30天，主要应该听去年各省市的高考听力试题和仿真度比较高的今年各市一模、二模试题。

3、听写训练。做一些真题的听写训练。基本方法，先整体听一遍，然后听一句写一句，坚持听写完为止，然后再对照原文，检查自己错在哪里。另外值得一提的是，在正式考试中，做完所有听力20道选择题后，一般来说，没有百分之百的把握，不要轻易改动第一次做好的答案。据统计，第一次选择往往比改动后的选择更可靠。

二、词汇语法：坚持每天复习一部分

在单项选择题上，适当做题是必要的，但不要采用题海战术。匀些时间看以前的听课笔记、讲义、以前做错的题目(错题集)也是复习该题型很好的方法。尤其要把做过的一些题，特别是错题，反复地看，同时简单的题要总结规律，难题记死记牢即可。要重视语境题、时态题、动词短语相关的单选题。

关于语法，最近几年的高考在淡化语法，但并不是完全不考，而是以交际的方式考查，所以复习语法专题的同时要注意交际方面的问题，要特别注意从语境和语意中来解决语法问题。语法重点要掌握时态、非谓语动词以及定语从句三大块的内容。

三、完形填空：每天要保证做一篇1、培养语感。如何来培养语感呢？这里给同学们提一个成功学生使用过的、正确提高语感的方法：把去年的所有完形填空题正确答案填上，然后大声朗读，不要求背诵但是至少要能做到熟练朗读。在朗读中，慢慢领悟。

2、坚持训练。每天要保证做一篇，这是量上的一个要求。还要把做错的做出标记，重点记忆。应重视文章的整体性和逻辑性。完形填空的过程就是由已知信息推出未知信息的过程。 四、阅读理解：重中之重

阅读理解是高考的重头戏，提高成绩，阅读理解是关键。考试临近也要坚持阅读。与其陷入题海，不如抽出20-30分钟阅读英文篇章。

1、阅读训练不停歇。在冲刺阶段，应多进行一些限时训练，通常每五篇阅读材料作为一组，在35到40分钟里完成。这样既可以保证考场上充沛的阅读精力和体力，又可以营造考试的氛围，还提高了阅读速度。

2、阅读文章要复习。提倡在复习阅读的过程中对三点进行注意：单词、语法点以及复杂句。平时的阅读复习，在做完题目后要坚持每天读过几篇后，认真分析1-2篇。

3、把过去老出现错误的归纳一下，看哪类题自己容易错，重点对付该类题。需要注意的是读文章应力求题材多样化，科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等，但如果生词太多，影响理解或过于难懂的文章，则不应花更多的时间。 五、对话填空，认真练习应该比短文改错更容易拿分

对话填空要填写的十个单词本身不会太难拼写，不会超过2000单词表，所以虽然是新题型也不必恐惧。其实质上也是一种完形填空题，解题关键是要对所给的对话有一个整体把握，通读全篇对话，弄清谈话的语境及内容。 六、作文：考前至少精练10篇

重点背一些连词和英语固定表达的句型，以及常用的短语和有特点的动词词组。在写作的时候可以采用一些写作的套路。每次写作前问自己四个问题：这篇文章的体裁格式是怎样的？主体时态用什么时态？人称用第几人称？可以分几段，之间用什么过渡词、连接词？带着这四个问题去审题，搞清楚文章的主要内

容，然后列出提纲。最后丰富自己的提纲就可以了。