【英语】2021年高考真题——全国乙卷(解析版)

第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19. 15. B. ￡9. 18. C. ￡9. 15. 【答案】C

1. What is the man doing? A. Asking the way. B. Giving directions. C. Correcting a mistake.

2. What dress size does the woman want? A. 8. B. 10. C. 12.

3. What is the woman likely to do? A. Make a phone call. B. Handle the problem. C. Have a rest.

4. Which tour does the man seem to be interested in? A. The evening tour. B. The half-day tour. C. The full-day tour. 5. Where are the speakers? A. At a canteen. B. At a clinic. C. At a bank.

第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman think of the match? A. Entertaining. B. Discouraging. C. Boring.

7. What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon? A. Watch a game. B. Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema.

听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. What does the man advise Mrs White to do? A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Get enough sleep.

9. Which can be included in Mrs White’s breakfast? A. Eggs. B. Sausages. C. Porridge. 10. What is the man? A. A teacher. B. A physician. C. A chef.

听第8段材料, 回答第11至14题。 11. How does Nancy look to Daniel? A. Confused. B. Excited.

C. Anxious.

12. Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play? A. To comfort Nancy. B. To express his regret. C. To show his pride.

13. What is Nancy going to do next week? A. Take a school test. B. Have a check-up. C. Go in for a competition.

14. What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy? A. Rewrite her lines. B. Drive her to the theatre. C. Help her with the practice. 听第9段材料, 回答第15至17题。

15. What was Prof. Stone’s grandfather afraid of? A. Leaving his home. B. Parting from his son. C. Taking early retirement.

16. What does old age mean to many elderly Americans? A. Lack of moral support. B. Loss of self-worth. C. Change of living habits.

17. What will Prof. Stone talk about next concerning elderly people? A. Public services they ask for. B. Health care available to them. C. Contributions they can make. 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。

18. What does the speaker’s mother want her to be? A. A confident person. B. A warm-hearted person.

C. A humorous person.

19. Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood? A. She often traveled by herself. B. Her family moved frequently. C. Her mother was busy working.

20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Importance of home schooling. B. Mother-daughter relationship. C. A role model in her family.

【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B

听力材料 Text 1

M：Excuse me, I got lost. I took a bus to city hall, but I can’t find the place.

W：This is the concert hall, not city hall. To go there, you should take the bus at Grand Hotel over there.

Text 2

M：Can I help you?

W：I’m looking for a size twelve dress.

M：Oh, let me see. An eight, a ten. Ah, you’re lucky. I have the prettiest dress here in a twelve. Why don’t you try it on?

Text 3

W：Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today?

M：No problem. Just go home and take a rest. If there is anything I feel I cannot handle, I’ll call you.

Text 4

W：We have a half-day tour, a full-day tour and an evening tour. Which one would you like? M：What is the schedule of the half-day tour? W：It sets out at 830 a. m. and returns at 200 p. m. Text 5

M：Now, what seems to be the trouble, Mrs Stevens?

W：I’ve been very dizzy lately. And last night, I had some chest pain. M：Don’t worry. Let me have a look. Text 6

W：Wow. That was a great match. I really like watching tennis games. M：Me too. I think tennis is an exciting sport. W：I think so. Do you play tennis, John? M：Yes, but not very well. Do you play?

W：A little. How about a game on Tuesday afternoon? M：Sure. Text 7

M：Mrs White, I’m afraid we have to put you on a strict diet. From now on, you’re going to have to stay away from salty food.

W：Does that mean I can’t have any more fast food? M：Right. You can’t have any fried food or steaks. W：What about breakfast food like eggs and sausages?

M：Those are all bad for you. But you can have porridge, bread and orange juice. W：Well, what about lunch and dinner?

M：Have a salad for lunch. As for dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. Fish and chicken are also okay.

W：What about dessert？Can I still have ice cream? M：Yes, but not too much. Text 8

M：Hi, Nancy！You look worried. What’s wrong? W：Well, Daniel, have you ever felt nervous on stage?

M：Sure. Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago？I knew my lines, but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience. As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there, my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.

W：That’s how I feel just thinking about the spelling competition next week. M：I didn’t know you made it to the finals.

W：I’m worried I’ll get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything, even my own name. I don’t know what to do.

M：Nancy, I know that you’re not going to forget how to spell your name. I’ll help you get through this. I’ll go to the school hall with you to practice. Then I’ll teach you an exercise my baseball coach taught me. Believe me. It works.

W：I feel much better now. Thanks, Daniel. Text 9

W：Hello, ladies and gentlemen！Today, we have invited Prof. Stone to talk about the role of elderly people in our society. Welcome to our show, Prof. Stone.

M：To begin with, I’d like to tell a story from my own life. Several years ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were no longer able to care for themselves very well. My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. Indeed, old age for them, and many old Americans can mean not only the possible failure of one’s health, but the loss of identity and self-worth.

W：Yes, it’s true. What do you have to say about the problem of old age?

M：Many experts have given talks here that have focused on the medical care, and the development of public services for senior citizens. Today, I’d like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that the elderly can play and should play in our society.

Text 10

W：Talking about personal relationships, well, I’d naturally think of my relationship with my mother. Whenever I need help, my mother is always there for me. She often tells me that I can be anyone I want, as long as I’m confident of myself. She sees my talent and pushes me to do the best I possibly can. As I was growing up, we were often on the move. I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely. But my mother did everything she could to help me feel happy. In fact, so much traveling was really a good thing because it made us close. I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. She gives me the freedom to make mistakes and to learn from them all. Unlike friendships that can fade or break, I know I’ll always be connected to my mother no matter what I face. She is not just a role model, but someone I love.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A

The Biggest Stadiums in the World

People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A. D. , the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50, 000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250, 000 people.

These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities(容量) slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each；gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.

For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.

All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.

·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D. P. R. Korea. Capacity：150, 000. Opened：May 1, 19.

·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity：107, 601. Opened：October 1, 1927.

·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity：106, 572. Opened：September 17, 1960.

·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity：104, 944. Opened：October 7, 1922. ·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity：102, 512. Opened：September 24, 1927. 语篇解读 本文从著名的罗马斗兽场谈起, 为读者介绍了几个世界上最大的体育场及其相关信息。

21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold? A. 104, 944. B. 107, 601.

C. About 150, 000. D. About 250, 000.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250, 000 people.”可知, Circus Maximus能容纳大约250 000人, 故D项正确。

22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest? A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field. 【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分列举的五大体育场信息中的“Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity：104, 944. Opened：October 7, 1922.”可知, Ohio Stadium于1922年开放；A、B、D三项的体育场分别于1927年、1960年和1927年开放。故C项正确。

23. What do the listed stadiums have in common? A. They host big games.

B. They have become tourist attractions. C. They were built by Americans. D. They are favored by architects. 【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.”可知, 这些体育场现今仍在举办世界上的大型体育赛事。故A项正确。

B

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline(座机)?

These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.

Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still

have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.

More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor(因素)—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor；I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.

Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).

How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?

语篇解读 现在, 几乎每个人都有一部手机, 但超过半数的澳大利亚家庭仍然在使用座机。

24. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones? A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity. C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design. 【答案】B

【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段的“you’d be hard pressed to find. . . In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime”可知, 手机在澳大利亚非常普遍, 故B项正确。

25. What does the underlined word “concede” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Admit. B. Argue. C. Remember. D. Remark. 【答案】A

【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文中的“it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket. . . in case of emergencies”可知, 调查显示, 在仍然使用座机的澳大利亚人中, 有三分之一的人承认座机并不是真的有必要, 他们只是把座机当作一种安全保障。由此可推断, 画线词concede的含义与admit相近, 表示“承认”, 故A项正确。

26. What can we say about Baby Boomers? A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity. C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family. 【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years”和第五段的“That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents”可知, 生育高峰期出生的人一直在使用座机, 故C项正确。

27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph? A. It remains a family necessity. B. It will fall out of use some day. C. It may increase daily expenses. D. It is as important as the gas light. 【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries？”可知, 座机迟早会像煤气路灯和晨间牛奶递送服务一样退出我们的生活。故B项正确。

C

You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4. 8 and 12. 7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.

At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168, 000 plastic straws collected from

several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.

In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic：Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10, 000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once.

Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

语篇解读 艺术家Benjamin Von Wong非常关注塑料污染的问题, 他用回收的废旧塑料垃圾创作巨型雕塑, 以唤醒和提高人们的环保意识。

28. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for? A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products. C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach. 【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.”可知, 艺术家Von Wong制作雕塑的目的是迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系, 即关注塑料垃圾造成的问题。

29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in Paragraph 3? A. To show the difficulty of their recycling. B. To explain why they are useful. C. To voice his views on modern art. D. To find a substitute for them.

【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容, 尤其是其中的“Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source(来源) of plastic pollution. . . because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.”可知, 全球仅有9%的塑料废弃物被回收利用, 而且作者特别说明了塑料吸管因为体积小和重量轻而无法被回收。由此可知, 作者在第三段讨论塑料吸管的问题是为了说明塑料吸管回收的困难。故选A。

30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers? A. Calming. B. Disturbing. C. Refreshing. D. Challenging. 【答案】B

【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知, Truckload of Plastic这一作品直观展现了塑料污染的严重性, 会令人不安, 故选B。

31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 【答案】D

【解析】标题归纳题。通览全文可知, 作者主要讲述了艺术家Von Wong用塑料垃圾制作雕塑以唤起人们对环保问题的关注, 因此最佳标题为D。

D

During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout(布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.

The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant；however, the

participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.

So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.

语篇解读 本文论述了作者对人们放弃使用自己的开放办公室, 而选择在共享办公区域办公的思考。

32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space? A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise. C. It has a pleasant atmosphere.

D. It encourages face-to-face interactions. 【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Annoyed by the level of distraction(干扰) in his open office” “That’s why I have a membership. . . I can focus.”可知, 采访者喜欢共享办公区域的原因是在共享办公区域他更能集中精力。

33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability? A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels. C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels. 【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the participants in the 70 decibels group. . . significantly outperformed the other groups”和第三段中的“the study also suggests that the right level of background noise. . . may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability”可知, 在70分贝的噪声背景环境下, 人们的创造性思维可能会得到更好的发挥。

34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people? A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space. C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions. 【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The problem may be that, in our offices. . . while we’re trying to focus.”以及“yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides. . . from interruptions”可知, 在开放办公室办公, 人们易受打扰。

35. What can we infer about the author from the text? A. He’s a news reporter. B. He’s an office manager. C. He’s a professional designer. D. He’s a published writer. 【答案】D

【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段首句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.”可以推测出, 作者是一位作家。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分)

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.

__36__, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.

People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living？”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. __37__, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.

__38__？ If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. __39__.

And what about that other dinner-party killer：awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬). __40__. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”

So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring

C. If you ask the question “How did you get here？” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say

F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most 语篇解读 本文介绍了如何在晚宴上使自己变得有趣。 36. 【答案】B

【解析】根据空后的“if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time”可知, 空处内容应与走出舒适区或者第一次去别人的家里的做法有关, 再结合下文的“just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers”可知, 露面、敢于冒险、尝试不同的食物以及和陌生人交谈是应该做的事。B项“第一步是去探索”是对这些做法的总结, 符合语境。

37. 【答案】C

【解析】根据此空后的逗号和空后的句子可知, 此空应该填入一个从句。再根据空后的“I have this old, broken-down vehicle” “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.”可知, 空处应与涉及交通方式的问题有关。C项“如果你问‘你怎么到这里的’？”符合语境。

38. 【答案】F

【解析】根据空后的问号可知, 此处应填入一个问句, 故把答案锁定在A、F两项中。空后的“If you can’t take their wine away” “their soapbox(讲台)”与F项中的“has had too much to drink” “won’t stop talking”分别对应, 故选F项。

39. 【答案】E

【解析】E项“或者把谈话转向一个他们几乎无话可说的话题”承接空前的“If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.”, 给出了另一种选择, 符合语境。

40. 【答案】G

【解析】本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment(赞扬)”可知, 解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人, G项“他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人”符合语境。G选项中的“He or she”指代the host, “awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节, 满分45分) 第一节 (共20小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a __41__ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different __42__ of gratitude(感谢).

My thoughts were soon __43__. We had a woman patient who was __44__ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45__ to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was __46__ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, __47__ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though __48__, and was ready for discharge(出院) after four weeks.

She was __49__ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her __50__ at her recovery. As she was __51__ she was eager to say __52__ to each of us in the nursing team. When she __53__ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague __54__ to accept it, saying that we were all just __55__ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then __56__：“Oh this isn’t for the __57__ I had. I take that as a __58__. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”

And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an __60__ and should be rewarded.

语篇解读 有时, 仅仅一句感谢并不足以表达我们的感激之情。作者当护士时, 曾遇到过一名女患者在膝关节术后的康复过程中又因心脏病发作而昏倒。经过医护人员的通力合作, 这名女患者四周后康复出院。出院当天, 这名女患者和每一位护理人员道别, 并要给一位护士5英镑, 以感谢她前一天帮自己做了头发。这名女患者说做头发不是护士分内之事, 护士理应得到回报。

41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor 【答案】C

【解析】根据下文“she was eager to say ________ to each of us in the nursing team”可推断, 作者是一名护士(nurse)。cleaner清洁工；chemist化学家, 药剂师；doctor医生。

42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations 【答案】A

【解析】根据语境可知, 如果我们有一系列表达不同等级(grade)感谢的词汇, 事情就会简单得多。meaning含义；need需要；expectation期望, 预料。

43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test

C. brought under discussion D. taken into account 【答案】B

【解析】根据下文推断, 作者的想法很快就得到了检验。be brushed aside被漠视；be put to the test使受考验, 使受检验；be taken into account被考虑进去。

44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering

【答案】D

【解析】我们有一名女患者, 她做了膝关节手术, 正在康复(recover)之中。depart离开, 出发；escape逃跑, 逃脱；retire退休。

45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising 【答案】A

【解析】她试图(attempt)上床睡觉时昏倒了。choose选择；pause暂停；promise承诺, 保证。

46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly 【答案】A

【解析】根据语境可知, 她昏倒最终(eventually)被发现是由心脏病发作引起的。fortunately幸运的是；casually随便地, 偶然地；secretly秘密地。

47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving 【答案】B

【解析】她的昏倒是灾难性的, 需要(require)急诊医疗队和良好的团队合作。assess评估, 评定；form形成；prove证实。

48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily 【答案】C

【解析】由下文的“four weeks”可知, 康复过程是缓慢的。slightly稍微；accidentally偶然地, 意外地；happily高兴地。

49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful 【答案】A

【解析】依据第一段最后一句中的“gratitude(感谢)”和下文中她的行为可推知, 她感激医护人员为她做的一切。grateful感激的；thoughtful周到的, 体贴的；sorrowful悲伤的；fearful担心的, 害怕的。

50. A. surprise B. delight

C. curiosity D. disappointment 【答案】B

【解析】她出院时, 我们分享她康复的喜悦(delight)。surprise惊讶；curiosity好奇心；disappointment失望。

51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving 【答案】D

【解析】在她出院那天, 当她要离开(leave)时, 她渴望跟我们护理团队的每个人告别(goodbye)。

52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes 【答案】C

【解析】参见上题解析。 53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded 【答案】A

【解析】当她走到(reach)一位护士身边时, 她试图塞给那位护士一张五英镑的钞票。consult咨询, 请教, 商量；introduce介绍, 引见；persuade说服, 劝说。

54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused 【答案】D

【解析】依据下文“saying that we were all just ________ our job”可知, 作者的同事拒绝(refuse)接受那张钞票。wish to do sth. 希望做某事；pretend to do sth. 假装做某事；fail to do sth. 未能做某事。

55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting 【答案】B

【解析】作者的同事说他们都只是做(do)了分内的事。enjoy享受……的乐趣, 欣赏, 喜爱；secure(尤指经过努力)获得, 取得, 实现；start开始。

56. A. repeated B. recited

C. replied D. reported 【答案】C

【解析】这名女患者看上去很困惑, 然后回答道(reply)：“哦, 这钱不是因为我受到的护理(care)。我认为那理所当然。这钱是因为你昨天帮我做了头发。”repeat重复；recite背诵；report报道。

57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care 【答案】D

【解析】参见上题解析。courage勇气；patience耐心；duty职责。 58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 【答案】B

【解析】那名女患者认为她受到的护理是既定(given)事实, 是理所当然的。goal目标；push努力, 鼓励；greeting问候, 致意。

59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building 【答案】C

【解析】对许多人来说, 挽救(save)生命是医护人员工作的一部分, 但是做头发是额外的(extra)事, 应当得到酬谢。risk冒险；change改变；build建造。

60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra 【答案】D

【解析】参见上题解析。honour荣幸, 尊敬；ability能力；opening开始, 开端。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61. ________(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62. ________(develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has 63. ________(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept . ________ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to 65. ________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66. ________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles：

·Minimize the impact of 67. ________(visit)the place.

·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. ·Provide 68. ________(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.

·Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69. ________(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim 70. ________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.

语篇解读 本文主要介绍了生态旅游的概念、起源及其标准等。 61. 【答案】educated

【解析】考查词性转换。在系动词become后应用形容词作表语。 62. 【答案】development

【解析】考查词性转换。空格在冠词the之后, 应填名词development, 意为“发展”, 为不可数名词。

63. 【答案】its

【解析】考查代词。空格在名词之前, 因此填形容词性物主代词its, 表示“它的”起源。 . 【答案】until

【解析】考查特殊句式。根据句意和句中的not可知, 本空填until, 构成not. . . until的强调句。not. . . until. . . 直到……才……。

65. 【答案】the

【解析】考查冠词。名词popularity后有定语, 故其前应用定冠词the表特指。the growing popularity of. . . ……的日益流行。

66. 【答案】of

【解析】考查介词。type后常跟of sth. , various types of trips不同类型的旅行, 因此填of。

67. 【答案】visiting

【解析】考查非谓语动词。在介词of后应接动名词(doing)作宾语, 故填visiting。 68. 【答案】financial

【解析】考查词性转换。空格在名词aid之前, 应填形容词作定语, financial财政的。 69. 【答案】Activities

【解析】考查名词复数。本空作主语, 且本句的谓语动词是range, 故主语应是名词复数activities, 且空格位于句首, 首字母应大写。

70. 【答案】to have

【解析】考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth. 力求做某事, 为固定搭配。故本空用不定式to have。

第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(\\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!

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, doing housework can be a form of more

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relaxation from study. That’s view on housework. And this can inspire more

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第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛, 内容包括：

1. 分析优势与不足； 2. 提出学习建议。 注意：

1. 词数100左右； 2. 题目和首句已为你写好。 Be smart online learners

Online learning has become an important way to learn recently.

________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Be smart online learners

Online learning has become an important way to learn recently. However, online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.

Its advantages are obvious. It allows us to learn anytime and anywhere. Besides, we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently. However, its disadvantages cannot be ignored. Staring at the screen is harmful to our eyes. Worse still, we don’t have many opportunities to interact with our teachers and classmates.

Then how to be smart online learners？First, we should be brave to discuss our problems with others. Second, it is wise to take a short break after learning for 30 minutes.

In conclusion, only by being smart online learners can we truly enjoy the benefits of modern technology.