专业英语四级(语法与词汇)模拟试卷112(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷112 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY

PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

1． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?

A．Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. B．Tom, more than anyone else, is anxious to go there again. C．Not only the teacher but also his students object to the change. D．Both bread and butter was sold out in that grocery.

正确答案：D

解析：主谓一致。A项中，当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采用单数形式；B项中，当单数主语后跟有with，along with，together with，except等引导的介词短语时，其谓语动词应根据语法一致原则采用单数形式；C项中，由or，either…or．．·，neither…nor…，not only…but also．．．连接的并列主语的主谓一致，按就近原则处理。D项中，由and或both…and…连接两个单数名词或不可数名词做主语时，一般根据语法一致的原则与复数形式的谓语动词相搭配，注意句中的主语并不是涂了黄油的面包，不是同一事物，不能使用单数谓语动词，故为本题所选答案。 知识模块：语法词汇

2． Which of the following determiners(限定词)CANNOT be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?

A．some B．the first C．a many D．such

正确答案：C 解析：限定词。some可接三类名词，如some time，some students，some book(未知的某本书)；序数词the first后接可数名词单数和复数，如the first day，the first arrivals；such后既可接复数，如such good students，又可接单数，如no such thing，还能搭配不可数such weather。只有C项a many后只接复数名词，故为本题选项。 知识模块：语法词汇

3． Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?

A．The president himself will attend the opening ceremony. B．You think too much of yourself.

C．The boy will be himself in no time. D．She made herself a fine dress.

正确答案：A 解析：句子成分。B项充当介词补足成分；C项充当主语补足语；D项herself充当间接宾语。只有A项充当同位语，表示“总统将亲自参加开幕式。” 知识模块：语法词汇

4． We are faced with the demand that this tax_____. A．be abolished B．were abolished

C．were to be abolished D．must be abolished

正确答案：A

解析：虚拟语气。表示“建议、决定、要求、命令”类的名词后的关系分句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用(should)+动词原形。tax和abolish之间是动宾关系，故使用被动语态。 知识模块：语法词汇

5． Which of the following sentences expresses INTENTION?

A．If Tom asks his father to buy him a bicycle, his father will probably do so. B．They will have arrived by now.

C．You shall stay with us as long as you like. D．You shall marry him!

正确答案：A

解析：情态动词。B项中，根据by now，will表示“预见”，此处表示对某种必然进程的揣想，“现在他们一定已经到达了”；C项中，shall表示“愿意”，一般用于第二、三人称作主语，表示的并不是主语的愿意，原句相当于“I am willing to let you stay with us…”；D项中，shall表示就“坚持”，只用于第二、三人称主语，表示的也是说话人的强烈意志和决心， “我坚持你嫁他”。只有A项中will表示“意图”。 知识模块：语法词汇

6． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A．What noise they are making! B．How he snored!

C．What strange feeling it was!

D．How dare you speak to me like that!

正确答案：C

解析：感叹句。how+adj．(+a／an+名词单数)+主语+谓语；what+a+adj．+名词单数／what+adj．+名词复数／what+adj．+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故A项正确；而C项应改为what a strange feeling。此外，how修饰动词时，主语和动词也用正常语序，故B、D项正确。 知识模块：语法词汇

7． Which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?

A．It suddenly occurred to me that all are not thieves that dogs bark at. B．She has made it clear that she will have nothing to do with him. C．Our belief is that things will improve.

D．The fact remains that there is no filling station here.

正确答案：A

解析：句子成分。C项为系动词be后的表语从句；B项为宾语从句，it是形式宾语；D项为同位语从句。只有A项that-从句充当主语，it是形式主语。 知识模块：语法词汇

8． Which of the italicized parts functions as an object? A．It’s better turning the key that way. B．Her going there won’t do any harm. C．He is collecting stamps.

D．I want to avoid Mary thinking I don’t want to help.

正确答案：D

解析：句子成分。A项为主语，it是形式主语；B项为主语，逻辑主语是属格her；C项是一ing分词，进行体。D项-ing分词短语作及物动词avoid的宾语，Mary是其逻辑主语。 知识模块：语法词汇

9． All the following sentences have an appositive EXCEPT______ A．My task, to do all that work in one day, could not be accomplished. B．They each want to do something different. C．I have no idea when she will come back.

D．Air, food, water and heat are all requirements of living things.

正确答案：D

解析：句子成分。A项中逗号后的不定式是主语的同位语；B项代词each为主语they的同位语；C项when一从句是idea的同位语。只有D项没有同位语。 知识模块：语法词汇

10． Which of the following best explains the meaning of “No one shall stop me” ?

A．Nobody intends to stop me.

B．I don’t allow anybody to stop me. C．Nobody is ready to stop me.

D．I don’t consider anybody stopping me.

正确答案：B

解析：情态动词。shall表示“坚持”只用于第二、三人称作主语，在这里，shall是说话人的强烈意志和决心。故选B。 知识模块：语法词汇

11． Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of cause? A．I found my books where I left them.

B．She stood at the door as if waiting for someone.

C．Men differ from brutes in that they can think and speak. D．I hide the book lest he should see it.

正确答案：C

解析：状语从句。A项为地点状语从句；B项为方式状语从句，表示“仿佛……”；D项为目的状语从句，表示“免得，以防”。只有C项为in that引导的原因状语从句。 知识模块：语法词汇

12． Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial? A．They recognized him as a genius. B．Over there is where I met him.

C．I think an afternoon in the open air will do us good. D．He said it for fun, but they took him serioiusly.

正确答案：D

解析：句子成分。A项介词短语为宾语him的补语；B项是主语；C项为名词anafternoon的修饰语；D项为目的状语。 知识模块：语法词汇

13． A: The students work hard. B:_____ A．So do they. B．So they do. C．So we do.

D．Neither do they.

正确答案：B

解析：代词。 “同一人的确做了(前文所提的)某事”，使用so sb．do； “不同人也做了(前文所提的)同样的事”，使用倒装so do sb．，如“A：You made rapid progress．B：Yeah，and so did he．”C项如改为So do we就正确了。本题属于前一情况，故选B。 知识模块：语法词汇

14． Which of the following prepositional phrases is an adverbial of concession? A．You can cut it with a knife. B．He set out for Shanghai. C．Will you pay by cash?

D．For all her effort, she didn’t get an A.

正确答案：D

解析：句子成分。A项中with引导的介词短语充当状语，表示手段和工具；B项forShanghai是状语，表示目标、方向；C项为方式状语；D项的for all…表示“尽管”，为让步状语。 知识模块：语法词汇

15． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A．His cattle were still lean.

B．The jewellery have been stolen. C．The militia were armed with guns.

D．Vermin are small animals which cause problems to humans by carrying disease and damaging crops or food.

正确答案：B

解析：集合名词、主谓一致。A项cattle、C项militia、D项vermin做主语时，谓语动词用复数，此外还有poultry，police；只有jewellery做主语，谓语动词用单数，类似还有cutlery,machinery,poetry,merchandise。 知识模块：语法词汇

16． Thank you very much. You’ve done me a great______. A．help B．aid C．service D．assistance

正确答案：C

解析：固定搭配。do sb．a service意为“帮某人忙”，相当于do sb．a favor。 知识模块：语法词汇

17． He was such a______merchant that he always made a substantial profit in each transaction.

A．shrewd B．shrew C．shriek D．shred

正确答案：A 解析：形近辨析。四个单词在形式上相近，但词性和意思却截然不同。shrewd形容“(人、判断等)精明的，伶俐的，敏锐的”，如：a shrewd lawyer精明的律师。shrew是名词，意为“泼妇，悍妇”，指脾气坏而好骂人的女子；shriek是动词，表示“(因痛、害怕而)尖声叫喊，尖叫”，如：shriek with laughter尖声大笑；shred为名词，常用作复数，表示“碎片，细条，少量”，如：shreds of paper碎纸片。 知识模块：语法词汇

18． The firefighters went to the scene______they got orders. A．quickly B．promptly C．rapidly D．directly

正确答案：D

解析：四个词都是副词。答案选择D，directly在此句中作为连词用，请考生注意此考点。directly意为“一……就……”，相当于平时经常使用的as soon as。同样的意思有以下几种表达方式：immediately，instantly，the moment，the minute，the second，theinstant等。 知识模块：语法词汇

19． Don’t worry. You’ll soon______your shyness. A．get off B．get across C．get down D．get over

正确答案：D

解析：动词词组辨析。get over指“(从疾病、失望、震惊等中)恢复过来”，如：Idon’t think he got over his wife’s death．我认为他一直在为他妻子的死而伤心不已。get off表示“下车，下(马、自行车、火车、飞机等)”；get across意为“(使)(观点等)被理解(或被接受)，讲清楚自己的意思”，如：The idea got across to him．这个主意被他接受了；get down表示“写下，记下”，如：He gets down every word theteacher says．他记录下老师说的每句话。 知识模块：语法词汇

20． I would______it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will be coming

A．appraise B．approach C．appreciate D．anticipate

正确答案：C 解析：动词形似义异辨析。appreciate意为“感激，感谢”，其中sb．appreciate sth．表示“预致谢意”，如：I’d appreciate it if you would open the window．请把窗户打开，谢谢。再如：I appreciate your help．我感激你的帮助。 知识模块：语法词汇

21． Would you quickly look______these figures for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?

A．into B．up C．over D．on

正确答案：C

解析：动词词组辨析。look sth．over意为“很快地看一看，浏览，把……过一下目”，如：He looked over the draft quickly．他快速地浏览了一下草稿。 知识模块：语法词汇

22． The proposed restrictions have______a storm of protest. A．started B．ignited C．resulted D．risen

正确答案：B 解析：动词形异义异辨析。ignite意为“点燃，激起(感情等)”，如：Theoppression ignited the hatred of the people．压迫激起人民的仇恨。start表示“开始”；result一般和介词in搭配，意为“导致”；rise一般为不及物动词，表示“起立，升”。 知识模块：语法词汇

23． I’d like to start the speech by______a few rumors that have been spreading recently.

A．expelling B．repelling C．misspelling D．dispelling

正确答案：D 解析：动词形似义异辨析。dispel意为“消除(恐惧，怀疑和误念)”，如：Hiswords dispelled my doubts．他的话消除了我的疑虑。 知识模块：语法词汇

24． No one wants to make friends with him, because he always keeps a______face.

A．curved B．straight C．long

D．frightening

正确答案：B

解析：keep a straight face是固定搭配，意为“板着面孔，不露笑容”。而词组pull along face表示“拉长了脸，愁眉苦脸，不高兴”。其他选项均不与face构成固定搭配。 知识模块：语法词汇

25． We’ve arranged to go to the cinema on Wednesday, but we can be______and go another day if necessary.

A．changeable B．moveable C．flexible D．fluid

正确答案：C

解析：形容词形异义近辨析。flexible意为“灵活易变的，可变通的，可适应的”，表示可以根据具体情况有所改变，如：flexible working hours弹性工作时间。changeable强调“易变的，不稳定的，变化无常的”，如：He was as changeable asthe weather．他就像天气那样变化无常；moveable表示“可动的，活动的”，如：amovable wall移动墙；fluid也有“易变的，不固定的，不稳定的”，强调形势等易变的，如：The political situation was fluid then．当时的政治局势不稳定。 知识模块：语法词汇

26． The government tried to______the book because of the information it contained about the security services.

A．oppress B．suppress C．repress D．depress

正确答案：B

解析：动词形似义异辨析。suppress意为“禁止(消息或新闻)，禁止发行(书刊)，禁止披露(报告)”，如：The government’s work report has been suppressed．的工作报告被禁止公布。请注意，suppress还有“抑制，压制，忍住(情感、感情、欲望或习惯等)，”如：suppress a laugh忍住笑。 知识模块：语法词汇

27． They have put______a plan to improve the traffic in this metropolis. A．away B．across C．out D．forward

正确答案：D

解析：动词词组辨析。pul forward意为“提出(论点、建议等)”，如：They rejectedevery proposal put forward．提出的每一项建议他们都拒不接受。 知识模块：语法词汇

28． Two keen minds that they are, they took______each other. A．after B．off C．to D．out

正确答案：C

解析：动词词组辨析。take to sb．／sth．尤指“(立刻)对……产生好感，开始喜欢”，如：I took to Mike the moment we met．我一遇上迈克就对他产生好感。请注意take tosth．还有“染上……习惯(嗜好等)”的意思，如：take to drink开始喝酒上瘾。 知识模块：语法词汇

29． Last year she began to be addicted to gambling and now she is up to her ears______debt.

A．for B．on C．with D．in

正确答案：D

解析：up to one’s ears in sth．表示“深陷于，在……方面忙得不可开交”，如：I’m upto my ears in work．我工作忙得不可开交。 知识模块：语法词汇

30． He was extravagant in his way of living so his wife______with him to be more frugal.

A．pleaded B．begged C．entreated D．requested

正确答案：A

解析：动词形异义近辨析。四个动词都含有“恳求”的意思，但是用法上略有不同。plead with sb．for sth．／to do sth．意为“恳求，请求，央求某人做某事”，如：He pleadedwith the terrorists to release his son．他恳求恐怖主义者释放他儿子。beg表示“恳求，请求”，用于词组beg sb．to do sth．，如：He begged his father not togive the puppy away．他恳求父亲不要把小狗送走；entreat也表示“恳求，乞求，央求”，用于词组entreat sb．for sth．／to do sth．，如：I entreat you to help me．我请你助我一臂之力；request则表示“请求，要求”，也用于词组request sb．to do sth．，如：MayI request you to stop talking?能不能请你不要讲话了?可见，只有plead后面可以跟withsb．，其他动词直接跟sb．，故只能选A。 知识模块：语法词汇