专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷290 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 3. LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE
PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.
1． The patient will lose his sight _______ left untreated. A．since B．unless C．after D．if
正确答案：D
解析：连词的用法。if“如果”引导条件状语从句，由于从句主语与主句主语一致，从句的主语和be动词省略了，D正确。A和C选项都不能表示假设；B项unless“除非”，等于if not，与if意思正相反。 知识模块：语法与词汇
2． If not _______ equally, Jack will frankly express his dissatisfaction. A．treated
B．having been treated C．being treated D．be treated
正确答案：A
解析：从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，并且从句谓语含有be时，可以将从句主语和be一并省略。该条件句可以改为If Jack is not treated equally．．．，其他选项都不符合省略要求。 知识模块：语法与词汇
3． —_______ made his daughter so absent-minded this morning?—I don’t know. Maybe it was the gift.
A．What does it B．What was it
C．What does it that D．What was it that
正确答案：D
解析：这是强调句的特殊疑问句形式，被强调成分为what。Maybe it was the gift．完整表达是Maybe it was the gift that made his daughter so absent-minded this morning．what是对其中的the gift提问而得的，因此选D。 知识模块：语法与词汇
4． You _______ business asking him to do such a thing. A．have none B．have no
C．have none of the D．have nothing like
正确答案：B
解析：have no business doing/to do sth．意为“没有权力，没有理由做某事”，因此答案为B。 知识模块：语法与词汇
5． Which of the following sentences expresses a passive meaning? A．Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
B．The theory of relativity is hard to explain. C．I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. D．I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well.
正确答案：B
解析：当不定式作表语形容词(或宾补)的状语，又与句中的主语(或宾语)有逻辑上的动宾关系时，常用主动形式表被动意义，如：We found the subject hard to understand．(不定式to understand修饰hard，与句中宾语the subject有逻辑上的动宾关系。)四个选项中只有B属于此用法，相当于hard to be explained。其他选项均为主动意义。 知识模块：语法与词汇
6． There is no doubt _______ buying things online makes life a little easier. A．whether B．that C．why D．when
正确答案：B
解析：同位语从句引导词。doubt在否定句中(there is no doubt．．．)带同位语从句时引导词通常是that；在肯定句中(there is some doubt．．．)则一般用whether，因此答案为B。 知识模块：语法与词汇
7． This is the small house less than 15 square metres, under _______ roof lives a large family of three generations.
A．which B．that C．as D．whose
正确答案：D
解析：考查定语从句关系代词的使用。此题容易因空格前的介词under误选
A。这是一个倒装句式，正常语序是a large family of three generations lives under——roof，因此应填入表示能所有格的关系代词whose，指代the small house’s。 知识模块：语法与词汇
8． Looking at what he has done for those disabled children, one _______ forgive his sin.
A．cannot B．cannot help C．cannot but D．cannot to
正确答案：C 解析：cannot but意为“不能不，不由得不”，后接不带to的不定式，即cannot but do sth．，类似用法的还有might as well，cannot choose but，do no more than等。A用在此处意为“不能原谅”，不符合语境；B为cannot help do sth．结构，表示“不能帮助做某事”；D表达错误；答案为C。 知识模块：语法与词汇
9． Hydrogen, which is _______ than oil, is pretty easy to produce and does no harm to the environment.
A．much energy more abundant source B．an energy source more abundant C．a much more energy abundant source D．a much more abundant energy source
正确答案：D
解析：energy source意为“能源”，此名词词组前用abundant修饰，表示“丰富的能源”。abundant前又由比较级much more修饰，从而与空格后的than呼应，因此答案为D。 知识模块：语法与词汇
10． The government has tried to forge _______ with environmentalists. A．alliances B．allies
C．associations D．leagues
正确答案：A
解析：试图与环保主义者结成联盟。A．alliances指国家、团体、家族等之间为了共同的目的和利益而结成的“联盟。同盟。同盟国”。本题指与环保主义者的结盟。
B．allies尤指支持一国战争的“盟国，同盟成员”。 C．associations”协会”，指为了一个较严肃的共同目标而组织在一起的人，亦指人们间的联系。
D．leagues指各种势力为同一目标而结成的联盟，还可指各种球类的竞赛联合会。 知识模块：语法与词汇
11． The weeds were abloom with tiny purple blossoms and gave forth an overpowering _______.
A．smell B．scent C．perfume D．fragrance
正确答案：D
解析：杂草开着小小的紫色花朵．透出醉人的芳香。A．smell即为嗅到的气味，强调加在嗅觉器官上的效果，有时亦指难闻的气味，例如：There is always some smell about him．他身上总有异味。
B．scent一般指物体本身发出的气味，例如：The orange has a scent all its own．橘子有一种独特的香味。
C．perfume则指较浓的香味，或指香水，例如：A woman who doesn’t wear perfume has no future．一个不喷香水的女人是没有未来的。
D．fragrance意为芬芳，尤指花香，颇具诗意，用在本题中正合适，例如：The air was full of fragrance of violets．空气中散发着紫罗兰的香味。 知识模块：语法与词汇
12． All the rooms on the second floor have nicely _______ carpets, which are included in the price of the house.
A．suited B．adapted C．fitted D．equipped
正确答案：C
解析：二楼的所有房间都有铺好的地毯，含在房价中。A．suited“适合，中(某人的)意”，一般不用suited作前置定语，相关含义可用suitable。
B．adapted“改编；使适应”，指对某物加以改动以适合某种场合或需要。 C．fitted“(指地毯)铺满地面而固定的”，可作前置定语(如本题)。 D．equipped“装配，配备”，可以说a well-equipped room，a room equipped with carpets，但说成equipped carpets则不通。 知识模块：语法与词汇
13． The writer-producer played a very important role in the show and has the _______ say on everything from casting to editing.
A．eventual B．final C．terminal D．ultimate
正确答案：B
解析：编剧兼制片人的角色很重要，从选择演员到剪辑，都是他说了算。
A．eventual“最终的，结果的”，强调由于某种原因，最终必然发生的结果，例如：Several schools face eventual closure．几所学校面临最终关闭。
B．final强调一连串动作的完成或结束，而达到终点，the final say是“最终决定权”的意思(如本题)。
C．terminal“末端的，终点的”，指延伸、增长或发展的极限，例如：the terminal station终点站。
D．ultimate“最终的。终极的”，语气正式，暗指一个漫长阶段的终结，带有强烈的感情和决心的意味，例如：What was his ultimate goal?他的最终目标是什么? 知识模块：语法与词汇
14． The woman worked off the fat around her_______by doing exercise every morning.
A．ankle B．breast C．chest D．waist
正确答案：D
解析：这位妇女每天早晨做锻炼消除腰部脂肪。A．ankle“脚踝” B．breast“胸，胸脯” C．chest“胸腔”
D．waist“腰部” 知识模块：语法与词汇
15． When polite apologize failed, she would _______to threats. A．see B．object C．resort D．refer
正确答案：C
解析：当客气的道歉不起作用时，她便采取了威胁的手段。A．see to“照看或处理某事物”。
B．object to”反对”。
C．resort to sth．／doing sth．“采取，诉诸(不好的办法)”。 D．refer to“提到，涉及到，查阅”。 知识模块：语法与词汇
16． In every one of her pictures she _______a sense of immediacy. A．exchanges B．transfers C．conveys D．converts
正确答案：C
解析：她的每一张画都有一种直观表达。A．exchanges“交换”
B．transfers“转移”
C．conveys“表达(思想、想法等)”
D．converts“转换” 知识模块：语法与词汇
17． Vice-President Lyndon Johnson became President of the United States following the death of John F. Kennedy and was _______ elected to a full term in 19.
A．duly B．therefore C．subsequently D．uniformly
正确答案：C
解析：约翰.F.肯尼迪死后。副总统林登.约翰逊成了美国总统，并且接着又于19年连任了整个任期。A．duly“正当地；如期地”
B．therefore“因此”
C．subsequently“后来，接着”
D．uniformly“均匀，一致性” 知识模块：语法与词汇
18． The job performance of the new employee leaves a lot to be desired. The underlined part means _______.
A．is excellent B．is meaningful C．is inadequate D．is acceptable
正确答案：C
解析：新雇员的工作表现还远远不足。下划线部分的含义是______。A．is excellent”很精彩”
B．is meaningful“很有意义” C．is inadequate“不足”
D．is acceptable“可以接受”注：短语leave a lot to be desired的意思是“比想象中差，达不到标准”，这与C意思相近。 知识模块：语法与词汇
19． The years of the American Revolution were a(n) _______ in the United States history.
A．age B．epoch C．era D．time
正确答案：B
解析：美国战争时的岁月是美国历史上的重要时期。A．age意为“时代，时期”，通常具有某种显著特征或以某杰出人物命名的历史时代或时期，也
指考古学上的时代。例如：Ice Age冰河时期。
B．epoch意为“时代，纪元”，正式用词，侧重指以某重大事件或巨大变化为起点的新的历史时期，指发生重大事件的时代(如本题)。
C．era意为“时代，年代”，是书面语，指历史上的纪元、年代，可与epoch和age互换，侧重时期的延续性和整个历程，例如：a new era of global cooperation全球合作的新时代。
D．time(s)意为“(历史上的)时代，时期”，侧重某一特定时期，例如：Marlowe wrote plays at about the time of Shakespeare．马洛大约是与莎士比亚同时代创作的。 知识模块：语法与词汇
