高一定语从句精讲精练

（一）定义及相关术语

1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修 饰

的先行词后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有when, where, why。

关系词有三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.

（二）关系代词引导的定语从句，在从句中充当主语或宾语，充当宾语时通常可以省略。 1．who — 指人，在定语从句中作主语。

The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. That is the teacher who teaches us physics.

2．whom —指人

Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. ▲ 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。

3．Which — 指物

Football is a game which is liked by most boys. The factory which makes computers is far away from here. He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.

4．That — 既可指人又可指物

The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. The season that / which comes after spring is summer. Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 5．Whose — 表示所有关系，“„的”，在定语从句中做定语。

I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. ▲ 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?

※ 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。

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The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous.

Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.

This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.

We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about. We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.

The manager whose company I work in pays attention to improving our working conditions. The manager in whose company I work pays attention to improving our working conditions.▲ 注意：

１． 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面，如look for，look after，take care of 等。

This is the watch (which / that) I am looking for. (正) This is the watch for which I am looking . (误)

The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. （误）

２．若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系 代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。 The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour. The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour. (误) The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (正) The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (误)

３．“介词+关系代词”前还可some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。如：

He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life.

（三）关系副词引导的定语从句，在句中充当状语，表示时间、地点或原因 1. when— 表示时间

I still remember the day when I first came to this school. The time when we got together finally arrived. 我们团聚的时刻终于到了。 October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.

Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 2. where — 表示地点

Shanghai is the city where I was born. The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 3． why — 表示原因

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. ▲注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。 Great changes are taking place in the city where / in which they live. The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.

（四）性定语从句和非性定语从句

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形式上 意义上 译法上 关系词的使用上 性定语从句举例：

The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. China is a country which has a long history. In the street I saw a man who was from Africa. 非性定语从句举例 ：

His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.

China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.

Last summer I visited the People’s Great Hall, in which many important meetings are held everyyear.

注意区分下列几组句子的不同含义：

1. Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（意含： 她还有其他哥哥。）

Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.

她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。（意含： 她只有一个哥哥。）

性定语从句 不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” A．作宾语时可省略 B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom 非性定语从句 用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 通常译成主句的并列句。 A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom

2. All the books that have pictures in them are well written.

所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。（意含： 不带插图的书则不一定写得好。） All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written.

所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（意含： 没有不带插图的书。）

※ 性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况

1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时。

Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?

There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. All that can be done has been done. There is little that I can do for you.

He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.

▲ 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who， Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.

All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best film that I have ever seen.

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4. 当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。 This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.

After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. ▲ 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。 Who is the man that is standing by the gate? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。

They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.

※ 关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句

as 和which 引导非性定语从句时， 其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：

1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子

He married her, as / which was natural. He is honest, as / which we can see.

2. as 引导的非性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主

句。 which 引导的非性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。

As is known to all, China is a developing country. He is from the south, as we can know from his accent. John, as you know, is a famous writer.

Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don’t believe.

▲ 注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如：

Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy. 3. 当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。

I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. He is not such a fool as he looks.

This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.

▲ 注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语

从句意思有区别。如：

She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.

※ 以the way为先行词的性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且常可以省略。

The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising.

I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her. 我不喜欢你冲她的样子。

（五）关系代词与关系副词的选择

用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的 成分）。试比较：

A. I know a place where we can have a picnic.

I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.

I will never forget the days that / which we spent together. C. This is the reason why he was dismissed.

This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting. （同位语句）

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The fact is that the earth moves around the sun

Pay attention to the problem how we can protect the wild animals. The problem is how we can protect the wild animals. Exercises:

1.There are three bedrooms in the house,_____ is Mary's.

A the smallest of which B the smaller of which C the smallest of them D the smallest one 2.The Greens will move into the new house next Monday,_____ it will be completely finished. A by the time B by which time C by that time D by this time 3.Alice has a large collection of phone,_____ was taken in london.

A none of them B no one of which C all of which D none of which

4.With the fast development of agriculture, the people ____ village I taught before lived a happy life.

A who B whose C in whose D in which

5.There is a moutain ____ the top is always covered with snow. A whose B of which C it's D that

6.She may have missed her train, in ____ case she won't arrive for another hour. A what B that C which D this

7.1)I have three children,and two of _____ are doctors. 2)I have three children, two of ____ are doctors.

8.There two thousand students in our school,____ are girls.

A two-thirds in which B two-thirds in them C two-thirds of them D of whom two thirds 9.I have bought two ball pens,_____ writes well.

A neither of them B none of them C neither of which D none of which （1---6ABDCBC 7----9B DDC）

特殊结构定语从句点击

1. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected. A. like B. as C. that D. which

2. I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me. A. as B. that C. of which D. about which

3. I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday. A. that B. which C. as D. like

4. I'll buy the same coat ________ you wear. A. that B. which C. as D. like

5. He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is

6. ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What

7. This is the first time ________ he has been here. A. that B. when C. at which D. which 8. I don't like ________ you speak to her.

A. the way B. they way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

答案与简析：

1. B。当先行词被such修饰时，定语从句用as引导，即构成结构为\"such+（a/an）＋形容词＋名词＋as\"引导的定语从句，意为\"......像......一样的\"。整个句子意为：这些房屋以人们原来估计的那样低的价格出售。

2. A。由so interesting a story = such an interesting story和上面一题的解释便可得知答案。as在定语从句中作宾语。整句意为：我从未听说过像你告诉我那样有趣的故事。 3. A

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4. C。当先行词被same修饰时，定语从句由that或as引导，但意思不同。用that引导定语从句指同一物，而用as引导定语从句指同类事物。

5. A。做此题的关键是要知道I think在定语从句中作插入语，做题时将其去掉便可容易得到答案。

6. B。Ａs在此引导非性定语从句，代表它所修饰的整个句子内容，并且它可放在所修饰句子的前、中或后面。其常见结构如：as you know, as is said above, as is often the case（情况经常是这样）等。如选Ａ，则需将逗号改为that；如选D，则需将逗号改为is that。 7. A。当先行词为the first time, the last time等时，定语从句的引导词用that而不用when。 8. A。当先行词为way时，定语从句的引导词用that或in which, 也可省略。

定语从句

1．This is the best factory ____we visited last year . A. where B. which C. in which D. that 2.Is this the factory ____computers are built ? A. that B. which C. in which D. in that

3.please pass me the dictionary ____cover is red . A. whose B.its C. which D. which of 4.The man ____has arrived .

A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about 5. Do you know the comrade ____we are talking ? A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that

6. They visited the house ___the great writer was born . A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where

7. The comrade ___is speaking at the meeting is my teacher . A. whom B. which C. who D. whose

8. He asked us to watch carefully everything ___he did in class . A. who B. that C. what D. where

9. I’ll visit the professor tomorrow ,___he will be back from Shanghai . A. who B. that C. when D. which 10.The school ___I study is a new one .

A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which

11. China has many islands,____the largest is Taiwan . A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which

12. The city ____my mother grew up is not far from here . A. what B. where C. that D. which

13. Our teacher lives in the house ____door faces to the north . A. which B. his C. that D. whose

14. Do you know the man ___your father nodded ? A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom 15.Wrestling is a sport in ___people easily get hurt . A. that B. when C. which D. what 16. I told you ____I know .

A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom

17.China has a lot of famous writers ,one ___is Lu Xun . A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them 18. Is this factory ____we visited last year ?

A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one 19. Who is the man ____was there ? A. who B. which C. that D. whom

20. Is there anything ____I can do for you, sir ? A. that B. which C. whose D. who

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21. I still remember the day ____she first wore that green dress . A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which

22. The knife ____we used to cut the bread is very sharp . A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which

23. The games ____the young men competed in were difficult . A. in which B. which C. it D. who

24.It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that B. which C. as D. it

25. George Mallory was an English school teacher _____ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which

历届高考英语单项选择题定语从句精选

26.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.

A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 27.She heard a terrible noise, _______ brought her heart into her mouth.

A.it B.which C.this D.that 28.In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help.

A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 29.The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.

A.what B.which C.that D.it 30.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.

A.which B.where C.that D.when 31．Carol said the work would be done by October,______personally I doubt very much.

A. it B.that C.when D.which 32．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________,of course , made the others unhappy.

A．who B．which C．this D．what 33.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.

A.which price B .the price of which C. its price D.the price of whose 34._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.

A.As B.It C.That D.Which 35.He lived in London for 3 months , during ____ time he learned some English. A.this B.which C.that D.same 36.On the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.

A.whose B.of which C.which D.its

37.Whenever I met him , ____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile. A.what B.which C.that D.when 38.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower. A.that B.where C.which D.there 39.The boss ____ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women. A.in which B.in that C.in whose D.whose 40.I don’t like _____ you speak to her.

A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which 41.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._______ I got wet through . A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C. There’s why D.It’s how

42.He made another wonderful discovery , ____ of great importance to science.

A.which I think is B.which I think it is C.which I think it D.I think which is 43.He was very rude to the customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.

A.who B.whom C.what D.whcih

定语从句答案:

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1-5DCADA 6-10 BCBCD 11-15 DBDBC 16-20 ABDCA 21- 25 DABBA KEYS: 26-30 DBDBB 31-35 DBCAB 36-40 ABBCA 41-43 BAD

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