2021高考英语一轮选练编题Unit4Globalwarming（含解析）新人教版选修6

李仕才

考点规范练(选修6 Unit 4) 【短文语法填空】

按照短文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Margaret’s opinion，there was no consistent view on beauty.It is

1.reasonable(reason) that our ideas of beauty are changing with time.For example，in 19th­century Europe，women used to 2.wear(wear) corsets to achieve a body shape，but it 3.is__considered(consider) unhealthy now.Many factors have been influencing us while we are judging what is beautiful，of 4.which culture remains a major one.In some countries，some women try to keep slim 5.while in other cultures，6.looking(look) thin is not what a woman desires at all.There are no precise criteria which can be used 7.to__judge(judge) what is beautiful because of many factors，8.but it is necessary for human race to survive.Physical beauty is very important，but some good personal qualities are 9.more__important(important) than physical beauty.In other words，a person’s inner beauty is the most important thing that we should 10.truly(true) see.

Ⅰ.阅读理解

The world is getting warmer.Animals have begun to change in response to the new condition.And some of them have become smaller.Some scientists thought this might be an adaptation to a warmer world;smaller bodies should be able to lose heat better.But now a new study published in Science has found that for red knot birds,that’s not the case.

Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33

years.Over the course of their research,van Gils and his team have found that in Russia where the red knots summer,snowmelt and spring have been advancing by half a day per year on average.Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.In years when the snowmelt had arrived particularly early,the birds were likely to be smaller and have shorter bills(鸟嘴).

The birds leave the coast of Western Africa,where they winter,and fly north toward Russia with no clue as to what the weather is like there.The birds are supposed to arrive in spring,so they can lay their eggs and when their chicks hatch out,there will be a wealth of arthropod(节肢动物) insects to feed their young.

But even though the red knots are advancing their arrival date by about a quarter of a day per year,it is not enough to keep up with the snowmelt.And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well and they grow up to be smaller and have shorter bills.

Being smaller and having a shorter bill isn’t a problem in Russia—but it is in Africa.There,adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves(双壳贝类),Loripes lucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep.However,other options,Dosinia isocardia bivalves and seagrass rhizomes(根茎),which only the youngest birds rely on,are not abundant or nutritious.

Van Gils and his colleagues found that,in their first year,shorter-billed red knots don’t survive as well in Africa.“A few short-billed birds make it,”van Gils says,“but the majority of birds that survive are the long-billed birds.” 1.Jan van Gils and his colleagues reached the conclusion by . Aparing red knots with other birds

B.dividing 2,000 red knots into several groups C.watching and examining red knots for three decades D.analyzing studies that have been published in Science

2.What influence does early snowmelt have on red knots? A.Their chicks don’t have enough to eat. B.Their eggs take more time to hatch out. C.They need to find other places for summer.

D.They arrive in Russia half a day earlier each year.

3.Few adult short-billed red knots survive in Africa because . A.they can’t find arthropod insects to eat B.they can’t access Loripes lucinalis bivalves C.the Dosinia isocardia bivalves they need are rare D.the seagrass rhizomes they feed on are not nutritious 4.What’s the purpose of the text? A.To tell a story. B.To provide facts. C.To make an announcement. D.To put forward suggestions.

“It hurts me more than you”, and “This is for your own good” — these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework.

That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They thought that it was all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation.

Now teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing we’ve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Clomps who says of her students—“so passive” —and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television, says Clomps, contributes to children’s passivity. “we’re talking about a generation of kids

who has never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying ‘go and look it up’, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.”

Yes, it does. It takes energy and it takes work. it’s time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. It’ s time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but it’ s for their own good. It’s s time to start telling them “no” again.

1.We learn from the passage that the author’s mother used to lay emphasis(重点) on ______. A.learning Latin B.being well behaved C.natural development D.education at school

2.By “permissive period in education” (L1, para.2) the author means a time ______. A.when children are allowed to do what they wish to B.when everything can be taught at school C.when every child can be educated

D.when children are permitted to receive education 3.The main idea of the passage is that _______. A.parents should leave their children alone B.kids should have more activities at school C.it's time to be more strict with our kids

D.parents should always set a good example to their kids 参： 1.B; 2.A; 3.C 解析：

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文章,本文介绍了父母亲对孩子疏于管制,听其自然对孩子的学习带来的负面影响,建议父母严格要求自己的孩子。

1.B 细节理解题。按照第一段“‘This is for your own good’—these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin...”(几年前母亲常常说

“这是为了你好”来要求我把事情做好)即作者的母亲过去是很注重纪律的,对作者要求严格。可知,故选B项。

2.A 词义猜想题。按照后面的句子“...in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve their best in school”可知,指在这段时期里,让孩子做他们想做的事情。故选A项。

3.C 主旨大意题。文章在第三段中提及父母为孩子做了太多的事情,放任孩子自由,致使孩子没有受到挫折的冲击,所以应该对孩子有更高的要求。故选C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空

(2021·河南六市第一次联考)

When I was diagnosed with breast cancer a few years back,I reacted like most who receive a cancer diagnosis and the first thing that came to mind was a “death sentence”. 1 ,instead of complaining,I decided to look for the 2 side of it.

I realized that I was about to 3 a new beginning.I knew that I had to develop and gain 4 from all my experiences.Even with the pain I had to 5 through each diagnosis,and all the 6 I’ve dealt with all my life,I still felt truly lucky.I 7 myself that I still have my life,so why am I to 8 ?

One day,I had an unusual experience.I turned that experience into a 9 and I called it “Peace”.Writing had become therapy(医治)for me.I took that poem,along with many others I had 10 during my breast cancer period and placed them in book form.I was 11 enough to have that book published.I later had another inspirational children’s book 12 ,with a third one 13 .I’m hoping that anyone who has the chance to read my first book of poems will benefit from it.My poems are from the heart,and I wish to have a positive 14 on someone who’s ill.I 15 believe when you survive a serious 16 like cancer,it’s for a reason,and I want to live to 17 exactly what that is for me.

That’s what I’m all about now,inspiration.I would have 18 become a writer,producing inspirational poems and stories,if I had not gone through all that I did.I’m a true example that you can 19 cancer,as long as you have faith and allow that faith to 20 your path.

1.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore 2.A.bad C.right 3.A.mark C.face 4.A.advantage C.knowledge 5.A.express C.go 6.A.chances C.decisions 7.A.persuaded C.reminded 8.Aplain C.disappoint 9.A.poem C.diary 10.A.read C.written 11.A.confident C.careful 12.A.published C.typed

D.Otherwise B.opposite D.positive B.miss D.find B.strength D.skill B.hide D.bear B.struggles D.businesses B.showed D.taught B.encourage D.please B.novel D.play B.learned D.collected B.lucky D.shocked B.translated D.reviewed

13.A.in the dark B.above the average C.ahead of time D.on the way 14.A.impression B.influence C.result 15.A.hardly C.truly

D.conclusion B.honestly D.widely

16.A.accident C.disaster 17.A.look for

B.diagnosis D.disease B.find out

C.concentrate on D.pick out 18.A.ever C.just 19.A.cure C.survive 20.A.direct C.follow

Ⅲ短文改错

In July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Youth Square at 5 am.Then we boarded a bus,where took us to Wuling Mountain,taking us two and a half hour.To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing mountain,I felt excited,and walked fast,only take some pictures now and then.There was a large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.At noon,I had a simply lunch,for I took some food with me.We had returned at four o’clock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home safely and sound.

考点规范练(选修6 Unit 4)

B.already D.never B.develop D.treat B.cross D.walk

Ⅰ.【解题导语】本文是说明文。受到全世界变暖的影响,在融雪期特别早的年份孵化出来的红腹滨鹬会体魄变小、鸟嘴变短,这直接影响它们的生存。

1.C 细节理解题。按照第二段中的“Ecologist Jan van Gils and his colleagues have been studying these birds for 33 years.”及“Over more than thirty years,the researchers caught and measured nearly 2,000 birds.”可知答案为C项。

2.A 细节理解题。按照第四段中的“And in years when the snowmelt arrives early,the arthropods reach the greatest quantity before the birds need them.Therefore,chicks miss out on eating well...”可知,若是融雪期提前到来的话,等红腹滨鹬的幼鸟孵化出来时,它们已经错过了节肢动物数量最多的时候,因此没有足够的食物吃。

3.B 推理判断题。按照倒数第二段中的“...adult birds feed on thin-shelled bivalves,Loripes lucinalis.But the bivalves are buried deep.”可推测,Loripes lucinalis这种贝类在地下比较深的地方,因此嘴短的红腹滨鹬吃不到它们,影响生存。 4.B 写作目的题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了在融雪期特别早的年份孵化出来的红腹滨鹬会体魄变小、鸟嘴变短,从而直接影响它们生存的事实。

Ⅱ.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者身患癌症,但没有抱怨,而是通过写诗歌和小说来论述人生,最终战胜了病魔。

1.A 上文说,作者对于患上癌症首先想到的是“死亡裁决”;下文说,作者并无抱怨。据此可以判断,空处前后文之间是转折关系,故A项正确。

2.D 按照该句中instead of complaining可知,作者没有选择抱怨而是决定寻觅癌症踊跃的一面;D项意为“积极的”,符合语境。

3.C 按照语境可知,作者将面对新的开始。face意为“面对,面临”,符合语境。 4.B 按照该句中的from all my experiences可以判断,作者决定从自己的经历中取得战胜癌症的力量;B项意为“力量”,符合语境。

5.D 按照该句中的with the pain可知,作者要忍受癌症的痛苦;D项意为“忍受”,符合语境。

6.B 按照该句中的“I’ve dealt with all my life...”并结合前文作者对患癌症的叙述可以判断,B项意为“挣扎”,符合语境。7.C 按照语境可知,作者提示自己,自己仍然活着;C项意为“提醒”,故C项正确。A项意为“说服”;B项意为“展示”;D项意为“教”。

8.A 按照上文第一段最后一句中的“complaining”并结合语境可知,A项正确。B项意为“鼓励”;C项意为“失望”;D项意为“取悦”。

9.A 按照下文的“I took that poem”可知,作者将那次经历写成了一首诗;A项意为“诗歌”,符合语境。

10.C 按照上句中的Writing可以判断,这些诗是作者在患癌症期间写的,故C项正确。 11.B 按照该句中的enough to have that book published可以判断,作者足够幸运,出版了自己的诗集,故B项正确。A项意为“自信的”;C项意为“仔细的”;D项意为“震惊的”。 12.A 按照上句中的have that book published及本句中的another可以判断,作者又出版了一本书,故A项正确。B项意为“翻译”;C项意为“打字”;D项意为“审查”。 13.D 按照该句中“another...with a third one”可以判断,第三本书将要出版;on the way意为“即将发生”,符合语境。

14.B 作者的诗歌源于心灵,作者希望它们对病人有踊跃的影响。have an influence on为固定短语,意为“对……有影响”,故B项正确。A项意为“印象”;C项意为“结果”;D项意为“结论”。

15.C 作者真的相信,你能从像癌症这样的重疾中存活下来,这肯定是有原因的;C项意为“真正地”,符合语境,故C项正确。

16.D 按照该句中的like cancer可以判断,这里指像癌症那样的重疾,故D项正确。 17.B 按照该句中的it’s for a reason可知,作者要弄清楚对他来讲那是什么;B项意为“弄清楚,弄明白”,符合语境。A项意为“寻觅”;C项意为“聚精会神于”;D项意为“挑选”。

18.D 按照语境可知,若是不是癌症,作者肯定不可能成为作家,写出鼓舞人心的诗歌和故事,故D项正确。

19.C 按照前文第三段最后一句中的survive可知,作者是从癌症中存活下来的真实例子,故C项正确。

20.A 按照该句中的your path可知,只要你有信念,并让信念指引你的方向,那么你就可能会战胜癌症。A项意为“指引”,符合语境。

Ⅲ.短文改错

In July 21,I,together with some people,gathered at Youth Square at 5

On

am.Then we boarded a bus,wherea half hour

which

took us to Wuling Mountain,taking us two and

hours

.To tell the truth,Wuling Mountain is a really attractive spot,where

the scene was beautiful enough.When first climbing excited,and walked fast,only take

taking mountain,I felt

were

some pictures now and then.There was a

large number of tourists that day,making the path crowded.At noon,I had a simply

simple

lunch,for I took some food with me.We

had returned at four o’clock,laughing and talking.Tired but happy,we arrived home safely and sound.

safe