高考英语阅读理解精英系列练习题(14)

【广东省揭阳一中2013模拟】C

A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift——＄7,000, a legacy (遗产) from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch who died in an accident. “It really made a difference when we were going under financially,” says Dave.

But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches. Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity. In some cases, it was a few thousand dollars; in others, it was more than ＄100,000.

It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than ＄3 million——they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.

Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving. They like comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store, checking prices before making a new purchase.

Through the years, the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything.” says their friend Sandy Van Weelden. “They could see things they could do to make you happier, and they would do them.”

Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy, a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cents, should enrich the whole community and last for generations to come. Neighbors helping neighbors----that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story. 36.According to the text, the Fusses_________.

A. were employed by a truck company B. were in financial difficulty

C. worked in a school cafeteria D. lost their home 37. Which of the following is true of the Hatches? A. They had their children during the Great Depression. B. They left the family farm to live in an old house. C. They gave away their possessions to their neighbors. D. They helped their neighbors to find jobs

38. Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store? A. They decided to open a store. B. They wanted to save money.

C. They couldn’t afford expensive things. D. They wanted to buy gifts for local kids.

39. According to Sandy Van Weelden, the Hatches were ________. A. understanding B. optimistic C. childlike D. curious 40. What can we learn from the text? ks5u A. The community of Alto was poor.

B. The summer camp was attractive to the parents. C. Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy from the Hatches

D. The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example. 【参】36-40BCBAD

社会生活类---[2012·湖北卷] D

How is it that siblings(兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in_a_different_family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.

Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others' lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren't getting the same one­on­one time with parents. But that doesn't mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later­borns don't enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”．

A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love­hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.

One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.

63．The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “________”．

A．in a different family environment B．in a different family tradition C．in different family crises D．in different families

．In terms of language development, later­borns ________. A．get their parents' individual guidance B．learn a lot from their elder siblings C．experience a lot of difficulties D．pick up words more quickly

65．What was found about fights among siblings?

A．Siblings hated fighting and loved playing. B．Siblings in some families fought frequently. C．Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships. D．Siblings learned to get on together from fights. 66．The word “feminine” (in Para. 4) means “________”． A．having qualities of parents B．having qualities of women C．having defensive qualities D．having extraordinary qualities

【要点综述】此篇是关于同一家庭里不同子女的成长情况和兄弟姐妹之间相互影响的调查报告。从中我们可以看出即使生活在同一个家庭里，兄弟姐妹成长的环境也不尽相同，他们既有区别，又相互影响。

63．A 推理判断题。由划线部分下文可知，同一家庭里的兄弟姐妹由于成长的时空背景不尽相同，所以虽然他们生活在同一屋檐下，但家里的人文环境是在变化的，所以A正确。

．B 信息理解题。根据第二段中的…but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters…可知B项正确。

65．D 信息理解题。由第三段最后一句可知D项正确。

66．B 词意猜测题。由划线词的上下文可知，有兄弟的女孩比只有姐妹的女孩更有女子气质。所以B是正确答案。

阅读理解、专题训练(十)

(2010年山东卷)Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems.While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful，problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves.University of Missouri(MU)researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller，lighter and more efficient.

“To provide enough power，we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”，said Jae Kwon，assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU.“The radioisotope(放射性同位素)battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”

Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery，presently the size and thickness of a penny，intended to power various micro /

nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS)．Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns，Kwon said they are safe.

“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous，” he said，“However，nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices，such as pace­makers，space satellites and underwater systems.”

His new idea is not only in the battery's size，but also in its semiconductor(半导体)．Kwon's battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.

“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy，part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure (晶体结构)of the solid semiconductor，” Kwon said，“By using a liquid semiconductor，we believe we can minimize that problem.”

Together with J．David Robertson，chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor，Kwon is working to build and test the battery.In the future，they hope to increase the battery's power，shrink its size and try with various other materials.Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.

Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意

_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案

1．Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon? A．He teaches chemistry at MU. B．He developed a chemical battery.

C．He is working on a nuclear energy source. D．He made a breakthrough in computer engineering. 2．Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4________. A．to show chemical batteries are widely applied B．to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used C．to describe a nuclear­powered system D．to introduce various energy sources 3．Liquid semiconductor is used to ________. A．get rid of the radioactive waste

B．test the power of nuclear batteries C．decrease the size of nuclear batteries D．reduce the damage to lattice structure

4．According to Jae Kwon，his nuclear battery ________. A．uses a solid semiconductor B．will soon replace the present ones C．could be extremely thin D．has passed the final test

5．The text is most probably a ________. A．science news report B．book review C．newspaper ad

D．science fiction story

参

Ⅰ

The passage tells us that scientists are developing some new nuclear batteries.Compared with the ordinary batteries，these nuclear batteries are smaller，lighter and more efficient.(26 words)

Ⅱ

1．解析：从Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery可知答案。

答案：C

2．解析：从However，nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices可知Kwon想说明已经可以安全使用核能。

答案：B

3．解析：从By using a liquid semiconductor，we believe we can minimize that problem可知，使用液态的半导体，可以将损害降到最低。

答案：D

4．解析：从最后一句 Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair可知答案。

答案：C

5．解析：此题容易误选D，但是不难看出本文并非科幻小说，而是对核电池科研的成果

的报道，所以选A。

答案：A

【广东省揭阳一中2013模拟】D

Sometime early in the next century, human beings will move to Mars. They will live there for about a year, and then will be replaced with another group of pioneers. Building the base on Mars will advance our knowledge of the solar system and aid in our understanding of the earth.

We already know that Mars resembles the earth in many aspects: general size, presence of water, length of day, range of temperatures. These resemblances have caused many people to consider a centuries-long project: to terraform Mars. Terraforming means altering a planet’s surface so that Earth’s life forms can survive there. This concept, previously found only in science fiction is now being seriously considered by scientists.

Terraforming Mars is theoretically simple: add nitrogen and oxygen to the atmosphere; pump water to the surface; and add the earth’s plants and animals in the order in which they developed on Earth. But it will take at least 300 years.

Some people think that such a project is too huge for humans to undertake, but there are very good reasons to make the attempt. The earth now contains some 6 billion people, and no one has any idea of how many humans the earth can support. Our very existence and numbers are threatening many other species. We also have had some experience with terraforming our own planet: altering the landscape, the atmosphere and the climate. Currently terraforming earth has become a wiser activity as we try to control global warming, air and water pollution, and preserve some natural living places. While the possibility of such a project is small, it is not impossible. Even if earth-bound societies come and go in the next 300 years, the project can continue through the work of the Mars settlers without the need for constant backing from the earth.

The future existence of all the people in our world may very well depend upon our

ability to terraform Mars.

41．What would be the best title for this passage? A．Terraforming Mars. B．Saving the Earth. C．Travelling to Mars. D．A Newly-found Place.

42．What does the underlined word “altering” mean in the second paragraph? A．Warming. B．Changing.

C．Planting.

D．Building.

43．According to the passage the main purpose of terraforming Mars is to ________. A．do some scientific research work B．find out its similarity to earth

C．avoid the dying away of many other species

D．find on Mars living place for the increasing human beings

44．The main reason for causing many people to consider terraforming Mars is that _______.

A．there are some resemblances between Earth and Mars. B．terraforming Mars is theoretically simple

C．we have had some experience with terraforming our own planet: Earth D．the development of science and technology is very rapid 45．What’s the author’s attitude towards the project? A．Optimistic. B．Negative. 【参】41-45ABDAA

C．Sceptical. D．Objective.