高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

教师指导讲义

年 级：高一 课时数： 3 指导科目：英语

课 题 完形填空专项训练 —2. 谈论文：工作与学习

教课目的 进行对于学习与工作有关文章的剖析与阅读，掌握完形填空的解题技巧。

教课内容

Step1：轻松一刻

How Did You Ever Get Here

One winter morning, an employee explained why he had shown up for work 45 minutes late,\" It was so slippery that for The boss eyed him suspiciously. \"Oh, yeah? Then how did you ever get here?\" \"I finally gave up,\" he said, \"and started for home.\"

every step I took ahead, I slipped back two.\"

Step2：基础训练

Passage 1

词数

181

文章难度 ：

★

估计时间：

5’

If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak. When you 2

7 12

become strong again. Everybody knows this and nobody would think of

5 to know that memory works in the

1 using them again, they this fact.

3

4 there are many

people who do not it. When someone This is 15 those people,

6 way.

8 means that he 9

someone says that he has a good memory, he . Have you ever

13

his memory fit by practising exercising 11 give it enough chances to become 14 memories than those who can?

10 says that his memory is poor, he actually means that he

that people who cannot read or write usually have 16 read or write

18 . So 19

those who 17 remember things. They have to remember dates, places, names,

you want to have a good memory, you should learn from

songs and stories. So their memory is always

20 yourself by remembering what you see, hear, feel and write. If so, you must have a good memory.

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

)1.A. )2.A. )3.A. )4.A. )5.A. )6.A. )7.A. )8.A. )9.A. )10, A

begin quickly doing Yet want other As real wants again

B. go on B. slowly B. agreeing B. Still B. seem B. usual B. What B. actually B. builds up B. else

C. stop C. soon C. questioning C. So C. get C. same C. While C. true C. makes C. more

D. continue D. at once D. answering D. Certainly D. hope D. opposite D. When D. then D. keeps D. once

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

)11. A. )12. A. ) 13. A. )14. A. )15. A. )16. A. )17. A. )18. A. )19. A. )20. A.

do not poor seen worse why used to will not ready if please

B. is not B. weak B. heard of B. better B. how B. cannot B. have to B. being used B. that B. try

C. never C. strong C. noticed C. more C. because C. try to C. refuse C busy C. though C. train

D. does not D. healthy D. thought of D. less D. the reason D. have to D. cannot D. training D. thus D. enjoy

(

Keys:

1． A 依据句中有副词 again 进行推测，此处应当用 begin( doing) ，表示 “从头开始做某事 ”。

2． B 身体、健康、记忆由弱到强的变化过程比较迟缓。

3． C 此处 question 是一个动词，表示 “对某事物提出疑问／怀疑 4． A 表示转折意义。

”。

5． B seem to do/be:仿佛，仿佛是。 7． D When 指引时间状语从句。

8． B actually=really ，表示 “实质上，事实上 ”： 9． D “经过练习来保持优秀的记忆。 ” 10． B else 常与不定代词

6． C in the same way:以相同的方式。说明人的记忆力与身体变化相同，都是能够经过锻炼，渐渐地由弱变强。

someone， somebody, something;

anyone, anybody,anything;everyone,

everybody, everything; no one, nobody， nothing 以及疑问词 what， who, whose, whom, which, where, when，how 等连用。

由上下文可知此处应使用否认形式。

11．D

12. C poor 与 strong 组成对照。

13． C notice 表示 “注意到，留神到 ”。

14． B 句中 better memories= stronger memories。

15． C 组成句式 “ This is because+从句 ”，用来交代前方状况的原由。

16． B 依据上句中 people who cannot read or write usually have better memories than. 能够推知。 17． B

have to 意为 “不得不 ”。

18． B 本句为此刻进行时的被动语态形式。 19． A if 指引条件状语从句。

20． C 说明好的诧忆力需要经过训练。

Passage 2

词数

237 文章难度 ： ★★ 估计时间： 6’

In order to be a success in the American business world, you must \"get along\" with people. You must learn to conduct

yourself in such a way 3

1 you earn the affection and respect of others. 2 we have already pointed out, Americans

business and pleasure. Therefore, learning how to 4 5

. Americans like to talk about a

informally can be a help with your American business

— sports, politics, cars, popular movies, television shows 6 of different topics

and personal interests.

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

Many large American cities have sports teams. If you are idea to 10

8 will

out about the local sports teams so that you can do this year\". Politics can be a

7 with Americans in the United States, it would be a good 9

in the almost inevitable discussions about \"how our

is of the same mind

12

. Limit

your 11 topic unless everyone

13

discussions to asking questions of your friends. Most Americans are subject. You can contribute automotive

owners and some are even obsessive about the

15

information you have read in

16

naturally

14 talking about cars you have owned or by

magazines. Americans watch television almost every night and attend movies regularly,

17 movies become topics for discussions. If you are unable to

18

television shows and the American television or

attend American movies, reading the 20

19 section of such magazines as Time and Newsweek will keep you up to date on

is popular in America.

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

) 1. A. which ) 2. A. While ) 3. A. mix ) 4. A. conduct ) 5. A. friends ) 6. A. bit ) 7. A. meeting ) 8. A. find ) 9. A. work )10. A. group )11. A. common )12. A. politically )13. A. house )14. A. to )15. A. collecting ) 16.A. so )17. A. interesting )18. A. witness )19. A . entertainment )20. A . which

B. where B. Since B. enjoy B. appear B. efforts B. total B. working B. learn B. participate B. business B. sensitive B. economically B. car B. toward B. sharing B. therefore B. exciting B. look B. sports B. that

C. as C. As C. like C. behave C. contacts C. group C. living C. go C. succeed C. company C. special C. professionally C. business C. by C. gathering C. thus C. excellent C. watch C. business C. what

D. that D. Because D. manage D. chat D. companies D. number D. playing D. stay D. break D. team D. daily D. personally D. land D. through D. analyzing D. hence D. latest D. glance D. movie D. as

1． D such that 在此指引的是结果状语从句，意思为：你一定学会用这类方式指导你自己的行为以便能博得别人

的尊敬。假如用 such as 就是定语从句， as 作关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。而此句不缺此成分。 As we have already pointed out 表示：正如我们所指出的那样。

2. C as 指引非性定语从句。

3． A mix business and pleasure 的意思是：把工作和娱乐混在一同。 5． C business contacts 意为 “买卖接触／交往 ”。

4． D learn how to chat informally 是动名词短语作主语，表示 “学会怎样进行非正式谈话 ”。

6. D talk about a number of different topics: 讨论很多不一样的话题。 7． B work with sb. : 与某人一同工作。 8． A find out: 查明，弄清。 9． B participate 表示 “参加（讲话之中）

”。

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

10． D 由第二段第一句 Many large American cities have sports teams 可知，人们谈论的话题是当地的队伍今年会表

现得怎样。

sensitive topic 表示 “敏感的话题 ”。

11．B

12． A 本句意为 “除非大家的政治看法都相同 ”。

13． B car owners 指 “拥有汽车的人 ”。从下一句中可得悉，此处应选car。 14． C “ by+动名词 ”表示以某种方式做某事。

15. B share information you have read 表示：把你所读到的内容或信息与别人分享。 16． A 这句话的前半句与后半句是因果关系，所以选肋。 17． D latest movies: 最新上映的电影。 18． C watch television ：看电视。

19． A entertainment section 表示 “娱乐版 ”。 20. C

on what is popular in America 是一个介宾从句， what 在从句中充任主语。

Step3 ：提升训练

Passage 3

词数

272 文章难度 ： ★★★ 估计时间： 7’

Education is not an end, but a means to an end. 2 them. Our purpose is for life. In some

3

1

other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of

countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all

— one5canall the problems of society and build a

4 rich or

8 to

poor, clever or stupid 6 nation. But we can already see that free

11

in such countries. But we have

15 our seats and took the

education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far do 9 they think \"low\" work, and in fact, work only to think

professor. We can live

7 number of people with university degrees, they

12

10 is thought to be dirty and

a moment to understand that the work of a completely

13 education, but we would

farmer is far more important than that of a

14 if we have no food. If no one

rubbish away from our houses, we should get way that, firstly,

16 diseases in our towns.

19

In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to 17 us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a

and ability and, secondly, that we can realize

18 of us can do whatever work suited to his/her

that all jobs are necessary to the society, and that is very can be considered valuable to the society. ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

) 1. A. For

20 to be ashamed of one's work. Only such type of education

C. With C. old C. neither C. solve C. perfectly C. smaller C. refuse C. whose

D. which D. by hands D. shame D. uneducated D. with D. dying D. cleared

B. In B. poor

) 2. A. educate ) 3. A. modern ) 4. A. both

B. educating

C. educated

B. whether B. answer B. part B. ask B. that

) 5. A. meet with ) 6. A. partly ) 7. A. less ) 8. A. beg ) 9. A. what

B. bigger

)10. A. with hand )11. A. shames )12. A. educated )13. A. by )14. A. die

B. with hands B. shamed B. educating B. on B. death

C. by a hand C. shameful C. educate C. without C. dead C. clear

)15. A. cleaning B. cleaned

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

( ( ( ( ( Keys:

)16. A. terrify )17. A. suited )18. A. every )19. A. head )20. A. good

B. terrible B. fit B. none B. heads B. badly

C. terribly C. fitted C. each C. brains

D. terror D. suit D. no D. brain D. well

1． B in other words 是固定构造，意为 “换句话说 ”。

2． B educate 为及物动词，意思是 “教育某人 ”， of 是介词，后边习惯上应接动词的 ing 形式。

3． A 依据下文，有实力进行全民义务教育或免费教育的，只好是发达的现代化国家，而不行能是贫困的、落伍的

或古老的国家。 4． B either．．． or 的意思是 “要么要么，”有选择的含义，而

whetheror 意为 “不论是

还是 ”，有退步的含义。文章明显为后一种含义，其余两个均不可以和 or 搭配。

5． C problem 意为 “难题，麻烦事 ”，常和 solve， raise 搭配。

6． D perfect 是形容词，意为 “完美的 ”。 perfectly 为副词，而名词 nation 前应用形容词修饰。

形容词时，往常使用比较级。

7． D number， population 等名词前，表示 “大，小 ”的时候，习惯使用 large 和 small，而不用其余词。 far 盾面接

8．C 对于自以为 “低人一等的 ”工作， 人们的态度一般是 “不肯接受， 拒绝 ”，而不行能是 “要求做， 恳求做， 赞同做 ”。 9． A 在名词性从句中，如缺乏主语、宾语、表语，要用连词 11．C

what ，而从句中不缺乏以上成分时，则用 by 。

that。

10． B “用工具 ”的介词 with ，后接详细工具，表示抽象的方式时，则用 并列形式。

shame 是名词，表示 “害羞 ”，其形容词形式为 shameful 。 and 前方是形容词 dirty ，后边也应选形容词，形成

12． D educated 为过去分词，意思是 “受过教育的 ”，其反义词是 uneducated，表示 “未受教育的，无知的 ”。依据文 章，农民对比之下是未受过教育的。 依据下文， “没有食品将会死亡 ”的相对意思是 “没有教育，我们还可以生13． C 计 ”。 14． A “死亡 ”的动词形式为 die，形容词 dead 表示 “死的 ”， dying 表示 “临死的 ”， death 是名词。此处应选动词作谓

语。

15．B clean 作动词用， 意为 “把弄洁净 ”，等于 make sth. clean;而 clear 作动词用时， 则表示 “消除杂物使． ．．．．．清

楚 ”，等于 “make sth. clear。此”处为虚构语气，讨论的是不行能发生的事情，所以使用动词过去式。

terror。 terrify 是动词，意思是 “令某人恐惧 ”。 的意思是 “使某人合适于 ”。

16． B terrible 是形容词，其名词形式是 17． B fit 作及物动词使用， fit sb. for sth. 19．C

18． C each， none 作不定代词使用，可直接接 of，而 every， no 是形容词，不可以独自使用，后来必定要接名词。 head 则表示 “头 ”，重申外形。依据文义，此处应为‘‘智商和能力 ”。

brain 表示 “大脑 ”，重视于智力、智能。而 确答案是 bad。

20． C bad 意为 “不好的、糟糕的 ”，而 good 的意思则相反。文中 “为某人的工作感觉惭愧”明显是不对的，所以正

Passage 4

词数

256 文章难度 ： ★★ 估计时间： 6’

In Britain, people have different

attitudes to the police. Most people generally 1 them and the job they

do— although there are certain people who do not believe that the police 2

What does a policeman actually do? It is not

have the power that they do.

3 job to describe. After all, a policeman has a number of jobs in 5

foot in the centre of a town, or in a police car on the roads.

6

up and down main roads and

4

. A policeman often has to control traffic, either

Indeed, in Britain, he might be in the Traffic Police and spend all, or a lot of, his time motorways. A traffic policeman has to help keep the traffic moving,

stop 7 motorists and help when there is an

accident.

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

A policeman has to help keep the 8 , too.

If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we 10

situation at great risk to their own

11

.

9

the

police to come and restore order. And they often have to

We expect the police to solve crimes, of course, so an ordinary policeman, have to help

And police.

14

13 and arrest criminals.

12 he is not a detective( 侦探 ), will often

do we call when there is an emergency — an air crash,15 a, a road accident, or a robbery? We call the 18

world.

16 a policeman has to be 17 to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the

The police do an absolutely necessary job, they do it not think that I could

20 do the job of a policeman.

19 well and I support them, but I do not envy policemen. I do

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

) 1. A. dislike ) 2. A. should

B. join B. would

C. appreciate C. could

C. an interesting C. his

D. admire D. must D. an easy D. them D. with D. searching D. drunken D. condition D. expect D. treat D. friends D. even if D. sentence D. who D. thief D. So D. presented D. whole D. particularly D. never

) a. A. a funny ) 4. A. it ) 5. A. on

B. a pleasant B. one B. by

C. under C. wandering C. speeding C. situation C. think of C. deal with C. future C. however C. look for C. what

C. thunder storm

) 6. A. walking ) 7. A. resting ) 8. A. peace

B. driving B. tired B. silence B. call B. avoid B. families B. as if B. question B. where B. fire B. Then

) 9. A. wait for )10. A. turn to )11. A. safety

)12. A. although )13. A. get rid of )14. A. how

)15. A. power failure )16. A. Yet

)17. A. provided )18. A. future

B. promised B. modern B. specially B. forever

)19. A. extremely )20. A. hardly

(

Keys:

1． C 由下文看法清除 A 、 B，作者赏识行事的态度与精神，而不是敬羡。 3． D 由下文可知，工作很忙碌，所以是不简单的。 4． B 由下文可知，一个要做好多工作，即

2． A should 措 “应当 ”，此处译为 “一些人以为不该当拥有他们现有的权利 ”

a number of jobs in one 。

5． A 固定短语 on foot 。

在 motorway 上不可以步行，只好行车，所以

6． B 选

7． C speeding motorists 是 “超速的灵活车 ”。

driving 。

8． A 下文说 there is a fight ，可知上文是要保护和平。

9． D wait for: 等候； call：打电话； think of: 想起； expect sb. to do sth. ： 10． C 面对状况是要办理的，所以要用

期望某人做某事。

：

： deal with; treat 是 “对待、治疗 ”的意思。

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

11．A 办理状况时也有危险威迫他们的安全。

12． D although 与 even if 都有 “固然 ．可是 ”之意，但 even if 有重申之意，此处重申的作用。

13． C look for: 找寻； get rid of: 挣脱； question：责问； sentence：判处，此处讲的是找寻并追捕犯法分子。 14． D 此处问 “当一个紧迫状况发生时，我们将呼唤谁

”，选疑问代词 who。

SO 表结果。

15． B 前文说 emergency 是紧迫状况， A 、 B、 C、 D 中只有 a fire 是紧迫状况。 16． D 由上文可知我们面对紧迫状况老是找，顺承下来用 17． C 上文的结果是随时准备面对紧迫状况。 18． B modern world 意为 “此刻世界 ”。

19． A extremely 相当于 very ，此处赞誉的工作做得很好。 20． C 这句话的意思是 “我以为我永久都不行能做 ”。

Step4: To have a summary Section A: 解题技巧总结 Section B: 要点词汇累积 Step5: Homework

Passage 5

词数

301 文章难度 ： ★★★★ 估计时间： 8’

Charlie and Jackie joined a wholesale company together just after graduation. They both worked very hard. After several

1

a salesman. One day Charlie could not

4 .

years, the boss made Jackie sales manager but Charlie He handed in his resignation

2 3

it any more. hardworking

letter( 离职信 ) to the boss and complained that the boss did not had spared no

5

employees, but only raised those who tried to please him. He thought that it was really

The boss knew that Charlie realize the

6 between him and Jackie, the boss asked Charlie to do the

9 10

, \" $ 12 per kg.\"

11

for the company all these years, but in order to help Charlie to

7 :\"Go and find out if there is anyone

boss asked, \"How much per kg?\"

selling watermelons in the market. \"Charlie went, returned and Charlie went back to the market to ask and returned to

8 said, \"Yes.\" The

The boss told Charlie that he would ask Jackie the

12

question. Jackie went, returned and said, \"Boss, only one

of 340 melons. On the table are 58 melons,

13 \" but to learn

person selling watermelons. $ 12 per kg, and every melon weighs about 15kg, Charlie was from Jackie.

$ 100 for 10kg. He has a

from the South two days ago. They are fresh, red and of good

15

14 and he realized the difference between himself and Jackie. He decided not to

Think: how far have you seen ahead in your life? How thoughtful are you? ) 1. A. made ) 2. A. take ) 3. A. enjoy ) 5. A. rest ) 7. ) 8. ) 9. )10. )11. )12. )13.

( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (

B. became B. do B. meet B. unfair B. trouble B. finding B. again B. answer B. familiar B. lot

C. remained C. get C. repay C. effect

D. kept D. put D. value D. selfless D. effort D. similarity D. searching D. only D. repeat D. simple D. number D. heard D. shape

) 4. A. unusual

C. careless

) 6. A. competition

A. following A. still A. offer A. total A. taken A. value

' B. relationship

C. difference

A. difficult

B. come B. quality

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高一英语(完形填空专项训练一2.议论文：工作与学习)

( (

)14. )15.

A. struck A. stay

B. moved B. stop

C. work

D. shape D. leave

Passage 6

1． C 以前文 After several years， the boss made Jackie sales manager 我们能够获得提示： Jackie 已经做了销售部经

理，而 Charlie 还是 (remained)销售员。

2． A 同时来的销售伙伴做了销售部经理，而自己还是销售员， 4． B 明显，他以为这样是不公正的

( unfair) 。

Charlie 受不了。 take it 在此意为“忍耐” 。

Charlie 以为老板不重视 (value) 努力工作的职工。

3．D 从后文 but only raised those who tried to please him 我们知道，

5． D 联系上下文，我们知道老板认可他是一个 全力以赴地。 7． A the following 指“下边的事情” 。

hard working employer ，所以说他竭尽全力地工作。 spare no effort:

6． C 从后文中老板让他们俩做同一件事情，我们知道，老板此举是为了让

Charlie 认识到他们的不一样。

8． D 由文章可知，回来后 Charlie 只回答了一个 Yes。

9． B 承接上文的 The boss asked，“ How much per kg? ，’所以此处用 answer。

10． C the same question 在这里指 Go and find out if there is anyone selling watermelons

的回答我们也能够得此答案。

in the

market。 从 Jackie

11．A 从空后的“ 340 melons，能够知道一共有 South two days ago。

340 个西瓜。

12. C bought from the South two days ago 在这里是过去分词短语作定语，相当于

which were bought from the

13． B 联系前方的 fresh， red 我们能够知道。他在讨论西瓜的质量，所以用of good quality 。 14． A 从空后的 and he

realized the difference between himself and Jackie 我们知道， Charlie 对此感想很深。

15 ． D 联系前文的 He handed in his resignation letter to the boss 以及空后的内容我们能够得出此答案。

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