2021届高考英语概要写作深度解读（二）
阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Bees are very strange creatures. They have their own way of telling each other that they have found a new flower. They bring some of its nectar (花蜜) back home and then do a little dance that shows where the flower is and how far away it is.
In autumn the worker bees go out and collect as much nectar and pollen (花粉) as they can carry. Then they return to make honey and store it for the long cold winter.
Bees build their own houses but they do not always have round tops like people draw them in storybooks. They are usually five storeys high. The queen bee always has the bottom storey. In between the bottom storey and all the rest there are bars only just wide enough for the workers to pass through. The queen bee can never go up to the other floors because she is bigger than all the other bees. The storeys the queen can’t enter are where the store rooms are. There are rooms for pollen, nectar and royal jellies (蜂王浆). If there is a fire the workers have to cover the walls and entrance of the rooms. They have to move the honey and the nectar and pollen away from the hot walls of the room.
The queen is the only that can lay eggs. She mates with a male bee called a drone. Once the queen has laid the eggs she throws the drone out because a drone just sits around eating honey and nectar. He cannot go out and collect pollen because drones do not have pollen-carrying things on their legs like the workers have.
Young bees are called nurses because they have to nurse the newborn bees whether they like it or not. What a bee ends up being when it grows up depends on what it eats. If it is to be a queen it must feed on royal jellies and it must never, ever set eyes on another queen. If it does they must fight till only one of them is still alive.
【语言点津】
第一段：creature n. 生物
They bring some of its nectar (花蜜) back home and then do a little dance that shows where the flower is and how far away it is.
[分析] 本句的主句有两个谓语动词，分别是bring和do；谓语动词do的宾语dance后面有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词dance，定语从句的谓语动词shows后面有两个宾语从句where the flower is与how far away it is。
[译文] 他们会把一些花蜜带回家然后跳一曲舞蹈说明哪里有花，离得有多远。第二段：store… for… 为……储备……
第三段：pass through 通过；bottom adj. 底部的 workers n. 工蜂，工蚁，由第一段中的worker bees可以得到提示
第四段：sit around 无所事事地闲坐
He cannot go out and collect pollen because drones do not have pollen-carrying things on their legs like the workers have.
[分析] 本句的主句是He cannot go out and collect pollen，because引导的原因状语从句中有一个like引导的方式状语从句。
[译文] 他不能外出采集花粉，因为不像工蜂，雄蜂的腿上没有可携带花粉的东西。
第五段：newborn 新生的；end up doing sth. 最终结果是……；grow up 长大；depend on 取决于；feed on sth. 以某物为食；set eyes on sth. 注意盯着某物
【思路点拨】 1. 语篇解读
[文章大意] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍蜜蜂家族生存习性、不同分工及蜂房布局。
[结构分析] 本文的篇章结构为“总——分”。第一段内容为主题段，作者引入主题，对蜜蜂进行总括介绍；第二段介绍工蜂的职能；第三段介绍蜂王的住所；第四段介绍雄蜂；第五段介绍幼蜂的职责及命运。
2. 筛选信息，提炼要点 段落 1 Topic: bees worker bees: 2 collect nectar and pollen queen bee: 3 queen bee’s living space drone: 4 duty and destiny young bees: 5 responsibilities and future 3. 转换表达，合并成句 段落 nurses, grow up, queen mate, sit around bottom storey, store rooms nectar, pollen, honey, store 关键词 strange, nectar, flower 要点内容合并 利用词语替换法将strange改为weird，creatures改为animals，第二、三句1 说的是一种特殊交流方式。第一段可概括为：Bees are weird animals and have a unique way to communicate with one another. 2
第二段主要说明工蚁努力工作以采集储存pollen与nectar，这两项可以归
类成“食物”。这段可概括为：Worker bees work tirelessly to store food. 利用词语替换法将has改为短语takes up，这一段可概括为：Unlike worker bees, the relaxing queen bee takes up the bottom storey of the five-storey house. 蚁王与雄蚁交配后会将其逐出蜂房，可以抽象表达为利用完雄蚁后将其抛弃。这一段可概括为：She even deserts the drone after she finishes using him. 利用词语替换法将nurse改为短语care for，这一段可概括为：Same as 5 worker bees, young bees need to work to care for newborn bees, but they can only leave their futures to what they eat.
4. 适当衔接，连句成文
本文作者介绍了蚁群中的不同类型蚂蚁的特点，工蚁工作勤奋努力，蚁王靠着其权威过着轻松的生活，两者形成对比，所以用Unlike连接两个句子。第四段依然由蚁王引起雄蚁，所以用代词She代替queen bee，最后一段的幼蚁需要与工蚁一样努力工作，所以加Same as worker bees将二者联系起来。
【范文欣赏】
Bees are weird animals and have a unique way to communicate with one another. (要点1) Worker bees work tirelessly to store food. (要点2) Unlike worker bees, the relaxing queen bee takes up the bottom storey of the five-storey house. (要点3) She even deserts the drone after she finishes using him. (要点4) Same as worker bees, young bees need to work to care for newborn bees, but they can only leave their futures to what they eat. (要点5)
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课后练习
阅读下面短文, 根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
If you do it right, it should sound like: TICK-tat, TICK-tat, TICK-tat. Otherwise, it sounds like: tick-TAT, tick-TAT, tick-TAT. The jump rope is such a simple object, which can be made out of rope, a clothesline, ect. It has, like, a twirl (轻快的转动) on it. I’m not sure how to describe that. But what’s important is that it has a certain weight, and that it has that kind of whip (鞭子) sound.
It’s not clear what the origin of the jump rope is. There’s some evidence that it began in ancient Egypt, and then it most likely traveled to North America with Dutch settlers. The rope became a big thing when women’s clothes became more fitted and the trousers came into being. And so, girls were able to jump rope because their skirts wouldn’t catch the ropes. Teachers used it to train their students to jump rope.
In the past you could see on the sidewalk, lots of girls playing with ropes. The skipping rope was like a steady timeline—tick, tick, tick, tick—upon which you can add rhymes and rhythms (节拍) and chants. The Double Dutch rope playing helped maintain the chants and the gestures that go along with it. It’s the thing that gets passed down over generations. In some ways, the rope is the thing that helps carry it. You need some object to carry memory through.
Double Dutch jump rope remains a powerful symbol of culture and identity for women. Back from the 1950s to the 1970s, girls weren’t supposed to play sports. But a lot has changed, nowadays, girls would rule the playground. They’d make sure that boys weren’t a part of that. It’s their space; it’s a girl-power space. It’s where they get to shine.
So, a jump rope, you can use it for all different kinds of things. It crosses cultures. And the reason why it lasted is that people need to move. And sometimes the simplest
objects can make the most creative uses.
【参】
It’s not easy to describe the jump rope although it is a simple object, which probably began with the Dutch settlers travelling to North America. (要点1) Women and girls started to jump rope since their clothes became more suitable. (要点2) Moreover, it is the thing that passes some memories over generations. (要点3) Jump rope also symbolizes the culture and identity of women powerfully. (要点4) Therefore, small as it is, it has the most creative uses. (要点5)
