财务英语会计分录

筹建阶段 Get investment

Proprietorship and Partnership Dr Cash

Cr XXX’s capital Company Dr Cash

Cr Common stock/Preferred stock (face value) Additional paid-in capital

Buy office furniture/equipment/office supplies Dr Furniture/Supplies/Equipment Cr cash

For merchandise business, purchase merchandise Dr Purchases Cr Cash

For manufacturing business, purchase material Dr Material inventory Cr Cash 运营阶段 主要活动

For service business, provide service Dr Cash

Cr Fees earned/Fees income

For merchandise business, send merchandise to customer Dr Cash

Cr Sales/Sales revenue Dr Cost of goods sold Cr Inventory

For manufacturing business, from production to selling Dr Work in process inventory

Cr Material inventory Dr Work in process inventory Cr Wages payable

Dr Work in process inventory Cr Overhead cost

Dr Finished goods inventory Cr Work in process inventory Dr Cash

Cr Sales/Sales revenue Dr Cost of goods sold Cr Finished goods inventory 日常活动 一、Receivables 1. Sales

Sales on account/credit; receive from the client a promise of pay service/merchandise/product Dr Accounts receivable

Cr fees income/sales revenue

Customer issue a note to replace the debt Dr Notes receivable Cr Accounts receivable 2. Account for bad debts

Accountant recognize that there is XXX accounts receivable cannot be collected(direct write off ) Dr Bad debt expense

Cr Accounts receivable

Accountant estimate x% of accounts receivable cannot be collected every period(allowance method)

Dr Bad debt expense Cr Allowance for bad debt

As the actual loss of XXX is recognized Dr Allowance for bad debt Cr Accounts receivable

3. On the maturity date of notes Dr Cash

Cr Notes receivable Interest income 二、Fixed assets

1. Accounting for depreciation(straight-line method, unit of production)

Dr Depreciation expense Cr Accumulated depreciation 2. Accounting for repairs Ordinary expenditure

Dr Repairs and Maintenance expense Cr Cash

Capital expenditure Dr XXX(asset title) Cr Cash

3. Accounting for impairment Dr Impairment loss

Dr Accumulated impairment loss 4. Sale of used fixed asset

Book value= Original cost-accumulated depreciation-accumulated impairment loss Selling price﹤book value, loss

Dr Cash

Accumulated depreciation Accumulated impairment loss Loss on sale of XXXX Cr XXX

Selling price﹥book value, gain Dr Cash

Accumulated depreciation Accumulated impairment loss Cr XXX

Gain on sale of XXX 三、Intangible asset Amortization

Dr Amortization expense Cr XXX (asset title) 四、Bonds payable 1. Issue bond On face value Dr Cash

Cr bonds payable At a discount Dr Cash

Discount on bond Cr bonds payable At a premium Dr Cash

Cr bonds payable Premium on bond 2. Account for interest On face value

Dr Bond interest expense Cr Cash/interest payable At a discount

Dr Bond interest expense Cr cash

Discount on bond At a premium

Dr Bond interest expense Premium on bond Cr Cash

五、Equity ,disburse income 1. Proprietorship and partnership Dr Income summary Cr XXX’s capital 2. Company

Dr Income summary Cr retained earnings

Dr Dividends, Common stock/preferred stock Cr cash/dividend payable 六、Other expense and payable Dr Advertising expense Cr Advertising payable Dr Wages expense Cr Wages payable Dr Utilities expense Cr Utilities payable Dr Income tax expense Cr Income tax payable 七、Prepaid expense Dr Prepaid insurance/rent Cr Cash

Dr Insurance expense/rent expense Cr Prepaid insurance/rent沁园春·雪 北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。

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