试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Learn a language in the native country and add some extracurricular fun with these holiday courses that offer a skill or some culture, too.
Mandarin and various activities, China
Four hours of lessons a day plus the benefit of one-to-one level assessment and study plan is the deal at the Hutong School’s Mandarin courses in Beijing, Shanghai and Hangzhou. A two-week course also includes up to four activities a week — tai chi, cooking, even skiing — and there are outings at the weekends to explore more of China.
Greek and culture, Lefkada
Omilo runs Greek courses in Athens and Nafplion, and on the islands of Syros and Lefkada. The latter is perhaps the most appealing: classes take place 200 metres from the beach in the village of Agios Nikitas on the west coast. A week’s course includes 24 hours of lessons over six days and at least four activities. Strangely, students must be 26 or over.
Japanese and pop culture, Fukuoka
Cactus has courses in 120 destinations in Fukuoka. Lessons are from 9:30 am — 2: 30 pm, Monday to Friday, and cover movies, music, TV and books as well as the Japanese language. Optional extras include studying tea ceremonies, calligraphy, Japanese food and other customs.
French and horse-riding, Provence
CESA has great courses based at a mansion in Aix-en-Provence. Two weeks of French lessons can be combined with horse-riding (20 group lessons per week), painting, hiking, cooking or oenology. Accommodation options include staying with a host family. The school arranges activities such as town tours. 1．What’s special about Greek courses? A．Weekday trips. C．Science exploration.
B．Age limit.
D．Personalized teaching.
2．What do Hutong School’s Mandarin courses and CESA have in common? A．Four activities a week.
B．20 lessons for horse-riding.
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C．Excellent learning environment. D．Course duration.
3．If you are interested in the tea, which of the following is your best choice? A．Omilo. C．Cactus.
It was decades ago now, but it’s still one of the most memorable conversations of my life. On a long, slow train heading north, with nothing to do but watch the rain, the man sitting opposite began trying to talk to me. Like most young women who have learned the hard way to be careful of strangers, I was unfriendly. But curiosity took over when he said that he was just bored, and liked talking.
So that’s what we did for hours and hours as the man turned out to be quite talkative. When the train finally pulled in, we didn’t swap numbers. However, I still think about it sometimes on long, boring journeys, before getting a phone out and scrolling silently like everyone else. It’s a rare person who can cheerfully break the social rule about not talking to strangers without any ill intention, but life would be more interesting if more of us knew how to do it.
And that’s why I can’t be in a position to query “Tube Chat” campaign launched to encourage Britons to talk to each other. All anyone is being asked to do is to start a conversation they wouldn’t otherwise have had —maybe with a friend from whom they’ve been apart or a neighbor they don’t know.
Obviously, it takes more than a bit of small talk over garden fences to unite strangers together. More people live alone than did so a generation ago, and the rise in freelancing (自由职业) means more of us work alone too. We socialize increasingly through screens, sending texts instead of bothering to call.
It’s true that the “Tube Chat” campaign of a few years back failed in its attempts to make Londoners talk to each other on public transport. But even city people who would normally die rather than make eye contact with strangers still happily gather in large numbers by the Thames for the New Year’s Eve fireworks. They would get a far better view at home on television —it’s not really about the fireworks, but about being part of something communal (公共的).
There’s no guarantee that this latest campaign to reconnect will succeed wherever others have failed. But if there ever a moment to stop social disbelief it may start a fire to warm a
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B．CESA． D．Hutong School.
world that sometimes feels cold. Wherever my train friend is now, I hope he’s still talking. 4．The author introduced her train friend to _________.
A．share her most memorable but boring journey B．express her deep regret for losing touch with him
C．show that talking to strangers can add interest to life becoming indifferent
5．The underlined expression “be in a position to query” is closest in meaning to_________. A．be in doubt about C．be in confusion about
B．be in support of
D．be in disappointment with
D．explain why people are
6．The example of Londoners gathering for the New Year’s Eve fireworks is used to show that _________.
A．“Tube Chat”, failed in its attempts to unite strangers together B．it’s hard to break the social rule about not talking to strangers C．people have a wish to be socially connected by nature D．“Tube Chat” made some difference to reconnecting people 7．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Keep our desire to connect. C．Show respect for social disbelief
Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze.
A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?”
To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising
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B．Avoid talking to strangers. D．Socialize with our friends.
when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly.
The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another.
What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 8．The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________.
A．determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity B．studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C．comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques
D．finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 9．Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics?
A．Controlled breeding of animals. C．Planned selection of favorable genes.
B．Banning the operation of eco-tourism. D．Eliminating domestication.
10．Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with?
A．Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B．Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C．City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D．City living has helped to preserve animal species.
11．The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________.
A．expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly
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B．train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C．intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D．purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment
More and more online shopping platforms now offer consumers a detailed look into products’ historical prices. But how does this information influence buying decisions?
To explore this question, we conducted a series of experiments with a total of more than 5,000 business school students and working adults. We measured the impact of different kinds of price shifts on people’s interest in purchasing products and identified several consistent trends:
First, when consumers saw that the price today was lower than it had been in the past, they were more likely to buy now, because the current price seemed like a good deal.
However, the picture gets more complicated when you consider the frequency of historical price shifts: In our studies, we found that if consumers were shown at least three changes in the same direction, they were likely to assume the price would continue to move in the same direction. While if they were only shown one or two changes in the same direction, they expected the price to change in the opposite direction.
So what does this mean for sellers? It may be tempting to slowly lower the price over time. However, our data shows that this can lead consumers to assume that the price will continue to fall, making them hesitant to buy. But if they just see a single price drop, they ‘re more likely to expect a reversal in the near future, pushing them to buy the product now.
Our findings can also help buyers make more informed decisions about whether and when they choose to make a purchase. As with any irrational bias (非理性的偏见), awareness of the natural tendency to expect trends to continue and single large changes to reverse can help consumers question this assumption before acting on it. Instead of letting this arbitrary (武断的) expectation guide buying decisions, consumers may benefit by doing a bit more research around the underlying factors driving price shifts. Buyers may also benefit from learning more about a product’s longer-term price history, fluctuations (波动), and typical industry-wide price ranges, to avoid being disproportionately influenced by near-term price changes. It’s also always a good idea to think about both how urgent your need for a given product is, and your own risk tolerance for a potential price increase, as this can affect whether it’s worth it for you to wait and see if the price falls.
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Of course, there are countless factors that influence both consumers’ decisions around whether and when to buy and sellers’ decisions around how to price their products. But it’s important for both sides to recognize the key role that expectations play in influencing these decisions.
12．Which of the following is true about the experiment?
A．It proves that people’s interest in the product drives the purchasing behavior. B．E-commerce platforms turn to it to connect with customers and boost sales. C．It’s designed to figure out the purchasing decision process based on pricing. D．Business school students make up the whole control group for comparison. 13．Which of the following price trends might tempt consumers to buy on May 8th?
A． B．
C． D．
14．Consumers are advised to . A．decide on the assumptions that long-term price trend will continue B．research longer-term price history, price ranges and hidden factors C．put off the purchase for better deals because of the unsustainable market D．cooperate with sellers while putting aside the personal risk and urgency 15．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How do price changes influence buying decisions? B．Why should products’ historical prices be shown? C．When is the best time for consumers to purchase? D．What do businesses need to price their products?
二、七选五
Do you feel like you can remember things better when you actively engage with the
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information and create your own version of it? 16 This phenomenon has important implications when it comes to understanding how people learn.
Tests on the generation effect show that when users encounter a list of words presented in the form of fragments (片段), they will engage several areas of the brain to create words to fill in the blanks. 17 Researchers believe this is because of the deeper level of cognitive (认知的) engagement involved in the process of creating new words.
Teachers and instructors need to be aware of the role the generation effect can play in the classroom. Students who just receive written material they can read may not understand it as fully as students who engage with it by taking notes, completing writing exercises, and so forth. 18 Rather than giving students a list of correctly spelled words and asking them to memorize it, the teacher can ask students to complete worksheets where they must fill in blanks to spell the words.
19 If a student simply reads a textbook, he/she will not absorb the information as well as when he/she takes notes and recreates charts and other materials presented in the book. Students preparing for an examination may find it helpful to write out material from the text, rephrasing in their own words as appropriate to make sure they fully understand the material. 20
In a word, it all boils down to active learning versus passive learning. Spending a few minutes actively producing content may just be the thing you were missing in your learning routine.
A．That’s called the Generation Effect.
B．For students, the generation effect can also be important.
C．When they are asked to repeat the list later, their recall will be better.
D．A common example of the generation effect can be seen in spelling lessons for young students.
E．The simple act of writing can trigger(激发) the generation effect and help the students perform better on examinations.
F．They will find that actively using new information may create relationships between tasks in examinations.
G．The process of generating content may initiate some particular encoding (编码) processes that do not happen when simply reading.
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三、完形填空
Before retiring, my father was a successful corporate executive. Growing up, I got used to learning that he had received 21 , from vice president to executive vice president to senior executive vice president, and so on. I was always impressed by my father’s 22 and viewed him as a wonderful role model.
Therefore, I couldn't have been more 23 when my father got annoyed with me after I showed him one of my new business cards, 24 “Tina L. Seelig, President. ”I had started my own business and 25 my own business cards, My father looked at the cards and said, “You can't just call yourself president.” In his experience, I had to wait for someone else to promote me to a leadership role and the thought of my 26 myself with that title 27 him.
I have 28 his mentality time and time again. Twenty years ago when I told （心态）a friend I was going to write a book, she asked, “What makes you think you can write a book?” She couldn’t 29 taking on such a project without the 30 of someone in a position of greater authority. I, on the other hand, felt confident I could do it. The task was certainly 31 ,but why not try? I put together a detailed proposal, wrote some sample chapters, shopped it around, and 32 a contract.
Over time, I've became increasingly 33 that people are divided into two categories. Some look inside themselves for 34 and others wait to be pushed forward by outside forces. From my experience, there’s a lot to be said for 35 opportunities instead of waiting for someone to hand them to you. 21．A．increases 22．A．strengths 23．A．amused 24．A．reading 25．A．sold 26．A．appointing 27．A．puzzled 28．A．weighed up 29．A．tolerate 30．A．vision
B．promotions B．accomplishments B．ashamed B．writing B．delivered B．assigning B．amazed B．backed down B．acknowledge B．reputation
C．changes C．perseverance C．surprised C．indicating C．printed C．polishing C．relieved C．banked on C．imagine C．approval
D．shifts D．patience D．concerned D．illustrating D．spread D．shaping D．upset D．come across D．confirm D．passion
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31．A．ambitious 32．A．refused 33．A．aware 34．A．stability 35．A．missing
B．meaningful B．appreciated B．afraid B．motivation B．witnessing
C．valuable C．took C．grateful C．satisfaction C．pursuing
D．absurd D．landed D．accustomed D．growth D．seizing
四、单项选择
36．He wanted to buy a £300 watch for his wife, but he was in ________a ________condition that an assistant refused to serve him.
A．such; conscientious
D．so; conscientious
B．such; bedraggled
C．so; bedraggled
37．The normal word order________ , passive sentences are sometimes hard to______.
A．reversed; salvage salvage
B．reversed; comprehend
C．reversing;
D．reversing; comprehend
38．I was in stitches when watching the________ show.
A．plausible
B．logical
C．prestigious
D．hilarious
39．An article written about him some years ago in Teen People________ him as “one of the Top Twenty Teens who will change the World”.
A．delegated
B．launched
C．facilitated
D．identified
40．As if this were not enough to_____you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly_____three guests to dinner.
A．reduce; bringing
D．elaborate; brought
B．elaborate; bringing C．reduce; brought
41．It is indeed an honor and a ________to address the Council today on this important occasion for my country.
A．sensation
B．privilege
C．combination
D．graffiti
42．Babies lose heat much faster than adults, and therefore are especially________ to the cold in the first month on their arrival to the world.
A．household
B．cynical
C．vulnerable
D．dreading
43．People with little language sensitivity find it a rather ________business to have English slogans________into idiomatic and elegant Chinese on quite a number of occasions.
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A．tricky; translated translated
B．apologetic; translating C．easy;
D．difficult; translating
44．A(n) ________is an idea or phrase which has been used so much that it is no longer interesting or effective or no longer has much meaning.
A．slang
B．cliché
C．term
D．idiom
45．I am fully convinced that you will always take the bull by the horns in the face of________.
A．adversity
B．calculation
C．inferiority
D．obituary
46．“You take an eager interest in that gentleman’s concerns,” said Darcy in a less ________ tone, and with ________ colour.
A．tranquil; heightened heightening
D．still; glowing
B．calm; glowed
C．sparkling;
47．Underdeveloped countries should be assisted by allowing them________ to modern technology.
A．assess
B．asset
C．access
D．appeal
48．His speeches against corruption may find a(n) ________hearing among voters.
A．military
B．sympathetic
C．glossy
D．infectious
49．He managed to________ an air of composure.
A．inflict
B．persist
C．assume
D．vary
50．________ at it briefly, the dealer told him that it was ________£50.
A．Reprimanding; worth worthwhile
D．Glancing; worth
B．Glaring; worthy
C．Glimpsing;
五、建议信
51．假定你是李华，你们学校的美国交换生John 准备参加“外国人讲中国成语(idiom)故事”比赛，他发邮件请你给予辅导。请你回复一封邮件，内容包括： 1.答应帮助； 2.提出建议；
3.询问辅导时间与地点。 注意:
1.词数80左右：
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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Dear John,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours, Li Hua
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