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被动语态专项练习及答案详解

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被动语态专项练习及答案详解

一、单项选择被动语态

1.You can’t move in right now. The house _____ now.

A.has painted B.is painted

C.is being painted D.is painting

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查语态。句意:你现在不能搬进来,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知,此处应使用现在进行时的被动语态。故C选项正确。

2.—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?

—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.

A.was sent B.has been sent

C.had been sent D.would be sent

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗?——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知,Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情,这个动作对现在产生了影响,故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系,故该句要用被动语态。综上,B选项正确。

3.—The window is dirty.

—I know. It ________ for weeks.

A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clean

C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤:1. 确定时态:这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏,现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2. 确定语态:主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意:—窗户很脏。—我知道,这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。

4.Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth _________very well.

A.has been told; washes B.had been told; washed

C.was told; was washed D.had been told; was washed

【答案】B

【解析】

考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语态,结合前面时态可知,应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。

5.Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy.

A.is fixing on B.is being fixed on

C.has fixed on D.had been fixed on

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态语态。句意:现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世

界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系,Now提示用现在进行时。

6.Many artifacts ________ for the first time in the National Museum at present.

A.were exhibited B.were being exhibited

C.are being exhibited D.are exhibited

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意:许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语“at present”可知,句子描述现在正在进行的动作,主语artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。

7.If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.

A.is not polluted B.would not be polluted

C.had not been polluted D.would not have been polluted

【答案】B

【解析】

选B 句意:如果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,用would加动词原形。

8.All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.

A.should be; be operated on

B.were; must be operated on

C.be; was operated on

D.was; be operated on

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:考查insist的用法。句意:医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重,要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时,要用虚拟语气;当“坚持说,坚持陈述某事实”解时,用陈述语气。

考点 : 考查insist的用法

9.Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal accidents.

A.are urging, followed B.are being urged, following

C.are urged, to follow D.urge, being followed

【答案】B

【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意:最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强水路运输安全管理。urge sb. to do sth.,为固定搭配。 “敦促某人做某事”。分析句意可知是事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系,故A与D是错误的。事件已发生了故不能用to follow作定语, following,后面的,其次的,下列的。因此要用B。

10.It’s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research .

A.has been done B.will have been done

C.will be done D.had been done

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查时态及语态。句意:据报道,直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后,中国才会买进欧盟债务,含有not ..until的状语从句,主句一般将来,从句表示已经做过研究之后,所以用完成时表示,研究与做之间又是被动关系,由此综合两者,A正确。

考点:考查时态及语态

11.—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed

—I’m not sure, but he _______ in a traffic jam riding here.

A.could stuck B.should stuck

C.must have stuck D.might have been stuck

【答案】D

【解析】

考查含情态动词的被动语态。上句:我想知道为什么罗伯特面试还没有出现。如果他错过了很可惜。下句:我不确定,但是他可能被困于交通堵塞。此处表示对过去已经发生事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式,根据句意可知是被动,故答案为D。

12.—Have you moved into the new house?

—Not yet. It ________.

A.has been built B.was built

C.is being built D.had been built

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:——你搬进新家了吗?——仍旧没有,它仍旧正在建设。根据语境可知,It指代上文提到的the new house,是第三人称单数,与built是被动关系,用被动语态,结合句意,built这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选C。

13.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.

A.are trapping B.have been trapped

C.were trapping D.had been trapped

【答案】D

【解析】

考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句,修饰two tourists,two tourists和trap之间是被动关系,该空应用被动语态。由risked可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事情,被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,即“过去的过去”,该空应用过去完成时态。综上,D选项正确。

点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”,其表达形式为had done,被动语态的表达形式为had been done。

14.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.

A.is held B.has been held

C.will be held D.had been held

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。一般来说,This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时,但是这个句子中,so far距今为止,表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动,还没有举办,要用将来时。故选C。

考点: 考查句式用法

15.Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”

A.could have been rewarded B.must have been rewarded

C.should be rewarded D.need have been rewarded

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done用法。句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予;B. must have been rewarded一定被授予;C. should be rewarded应该被授予;D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境,A选项正确。

【点睛】

could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”,也可以表示对过去动作的推测,常可译为“可能(已经)”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。

16.People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult ________ so long as the whole nation works hard for it.

A.realizing B.to be realized

C.realized D.to realize

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和语态。句意:人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficult to do 结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如:She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, safe, unpleasant等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选D。

17.Please don’t stand up in class until you ______.

A.were told to B.are told

C.are told to D.were told

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查省略句。句意:直到有人叫你站起来,你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。

【点睛】

to代替不定式

在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉,但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式,常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try,tell等动词连用。

注意:如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been,一般要保留be, have或have been。

本句还原为:Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to stand up。省略句为:Please don’t stand up in class until you are told to 。故C选项正确。

18.An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.

A.was held B.would hold C.has hold D.will be held

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考查时态语态。

【详解】

句意:午门画廊将展出885件文物。上文中的to be displayed表将来,故本句为一般将来时。且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系,故用will be held。故选D。

19.We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case ______ from practice.

A.should theory separate B.theory should be separated

C.theory should separate D.should theory be separated

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去,因为在任何情况下理论都不应该脱离实际。这里是apply sth to sth把……应用到……,in no case在从句中的句首,所以应该用倒装,又因为theory与separate之间是被动关系,故选D。

考点:考查倒装的用法。

点评:本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目,它们的各种情况比较多,需要考生牢记它们的用法,但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。

即学即练:Can you explain_______most deserts are located near the west coast of the continents?

A. why is it that B. why it is that

C. how it is that D. how is it that

解析:B。句意:由句子结构可知,强调句型“it is ...that”对宾语从句的引导词进行强调,应用陈述语序,再由句意可知,选B。

20.It was announced that only when the fire was under control __________to return to their homes.

A.the residents would be permitted

B.had the residents been permitted

C.would the residents be permitted

D.the residents had been permitted

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:通报说,只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里It是形式主语,真正

的主语是that引导的从句;that引导的主语从句中,"only+状语从句"位于句首,状语从句对应的主句要用倒装语序,且此处表示过去将来,故选C。

21.As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025.

A.will have been put be putting

B.will have put C.have been put D.will

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:据估计,到2025年为止,全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。

22.After completing the training, I, together with my classmates, ____ to the town that was far from the city.

A.were sent sent

B.was sent C.have been sent D.has been

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:完成了训练,我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。together with(和)符合就远原则,故现在只看主语I,是单数;根据下文的was判断为一般过去时,send和主语I之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,即一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数,故用was sent,故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查就远原则,即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原则的词或短语有:as well as;(together/along/combined) with; rather than; except; besides; but; including; in addition to; apart from;instead of等

例如:

1. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生,没有人在教室。

2. Everybody except you is down on me.除了你,大家都看不起我。

3. A woman with two children has come.一位妇女带着两个孩子已经来了。

4. John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰,而不是他的室友,应该受到责备。

23.By the end of last year, another new hospital __________ in our city.

A.would complete B.would be completed

C.was completed D.had been completed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态及语态。句意:去年年底为止,我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有by the end of表示“到…为止”如果后面接过去的时间,句子要用过去完成时。本句中by the end of last year,by后是过去的时间状语,句子要用过去完成时,故选D。

【点睛】

By表示时间,意为“到......时为止”;该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接by后面是现在的时间,句中就使用现在完成时;如果by后面是过去的时间状语,就使用过去完成时;如果后面是将来的时间,就使用将来完成时。

By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.

到他十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语

By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.

到2020年,这个城市的人口将增至二千万。

By the time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.

当简到家时,她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了

24.In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete ones ________ yet.

A.haven’t built

B.haven’t been built C.hadn’t built

D.hadn’t been built

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意:在20世纪80年代,这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面,混凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知,“混凝土的道路还没有建”表示的动作发生在“there were only muddy roads”这一过去的动作之前,属于“过去的过去”,应使用过去完成时;build与concrete ones是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故选D。

25.The Palace Museum has put on many attractions since it ___________ in 2017.

A.had been rebuilt B.was rebuilt C.had rebuilt D.rebuilt

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意:自从2017年重新修缮,故宫博物院内部已经增加了许多景点。分析语境可知,重新修缮是过去某个具体时间点(2017年)发生的事情,应用一般过去时;此处也可用固定句型have/has done since…来理解,该句型中主句用完成时,since引导的从句使用一般过去时;故宫博物院是“被”相关人员修缮,应使用被动语态,was rebuilt符合题意,故选B。

26.I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.

A.won't be seen B.wasn't seen

C.hasn't been seen D.hadn't been seen

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知,这是过去的事情;再根据for a long time可知,此空是更靠前的动作,且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去完成时态,故选D。

27.They realized that the problem Ted put forward was difficult _______.

A.to solve B.solved C.to be solved D.solving

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他们意识到泰德提出的问题很难解决。结合短语be difficult to do sth.“难以;很难……”后跟不定式,且在此结构中,若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系,那么该不定式习惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。故用to solve形式。故选A。

28.–The pine tree in front of the lecture hall is so tall.

–Yes. It ______ nearly 20 metres.

A.measures measuring

B.is measured C.will measure D.is

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态及语态。句意:——演讲厅前面的松树好高啊。——是的。它近20米。measure此处意为“测量,量起来……”,为不及物动词,后接量的结果,不用于被动语态或进行时态。此处为描述客观事实用一般现在时,且主语为it,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选A。

29.— Why do you look very upset?

— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished since.

A.was left B.has left

C.had been left D.has been left

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意:——你为什么看起来很沮丧?——突然停电了,那时我的文章就没写完。句中leave与主语essay 构成动宾关系,要用被动形式;句中时间状语since表示从那时起到现在文章一直没写完,是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选D。

30.Mr. Wills, who was being helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he by lightning. A.was just struck B.were just struck

C.would just be struck D.had just been struck

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意:威尔斯先生被扶上了讲台,接受了这个奖项,他看起来就像是被闪电击中了一样。此处as if(好像)引导方式状语从句,用虚拟语气,与过去的事实相反,用过去完成时态,且主语he和strike之间是被动关系,故答案为D。

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