一、单项选择非谓语动词
1.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it. A.finished C.having finished 【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析:句意John接到一张宴会的邀请,他的工作已经完成,他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构,动作finish与his work之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,选A。 考点:考查with复合结构,X,K]
B.finishing D.was finished
2.They might just have a place ________ on the writing course— why don’t you give it a try? A.leave 【答案】B 【解析】
此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place,被留下的留给写作课程的地方(机会)。句意:他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会,你为什么不试一试呢? 【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。
B.left
C.leaving
D.to leave
3.(天津) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A.being allowed C.having allowed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:近期这个医院购进了新的医疗设备,允许更多的病人被治疗。前句购进医疗设备和后面允许更多的病人被治疗之间是必然的结果关系,用doing即现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章的结果。A. being allowed表示被动且正在进行;C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动词发生;D. allowed表示被动且完成,故选B。 【点睛】
判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分,看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词,确定了是非谓语动词,还要判断非谓语动词的成分,和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。
B.allowing D.allowed
4.________ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A.Being encouraged C.Encouraged 【答案】C 【解析】
B.Encouraging D.Having encouraged
试题分析:考查过去分词做状语:句意:被科技的进步鼓舞着,很多农民在自己的土地上建起了风力发电厂。逗号前面的是非谓语动词做状语,encourage和这句话的主语many farmers是被动关系,用过去分词做状语,选C。 考点:考查过去分词做状语
5.The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ______. A.is made C.was to be made 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:考查时态。句义:在澳大利亚的黄金的发现让成千上万的人相信要发财了。A. I made 一般过去时B. would make过去将来时C. was to be made 表过去将来且命中注定D. had made 过去完成时,根据句义是过去完成时,所以AD不对,根据题干黄金的发现所以注定要发财,所以C正确。 考点:考查时态。
B.would make D.had made
6.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _with students. A.working C.to work 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查动名词。句意:我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。分析句子可知,have fun doing sth.做某事很开心,as I now do working with students补充完整为as I now have fun working with students。故选A。
B.work D.worked
7.We’ve had a good start, but next, more work needs _____to achieve the final success. A.being done 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析: 句意:我们有一个好的开端,但是下一步需要做更多的工作得到最后的目标。Need doing或need to be done需要被做…,所以选C。 考点:考查非谓语动词
B.do
C.to be done
D.to do
8.More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people’s concern over food safety.
A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D.having raised 【答案】A 【解析】 略
9.The message is very important, so it is supposed _______ as soon as possible. A.to be sent 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
B.to send
C.being sent
D.sending
考查固定搭配。句意:这则信息非常重要,因此它应该被尽快地传达到。be supposed to do sth.表示“理应做某事”,是习惯搭配,而且send和the message 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故使用被动语态形式。故选A。
10.(天津)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A.taking B.taken C.being taken D.take 【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语,宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。
点睛:本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
11.(福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A.Known C.Knowing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查动名词。句意:了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分,谓语是will help,所以前面的是主语,用动名词做主语,故选C项。
B.Having known D.Being known
12.(北京) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ with his students. A.to spend C.spending 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:Jim已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。
B.spend D.spent
句子已经有了谓语,空格只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。故选D项。
13.The park was full of people, ________ themselves in the sunshine. A.having enjoyed C.enjoying 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:公园里挤满了人,在阳光下尽情享受。enjoy和前面没有连接词,和句子主语之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词做伴随状语。故选C。
B.enjoyed D.to enjoy
14.Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _____. A.hurt B.spoiled C.damaged D.harmed 【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析:考查动词辨析:句意:过分受父母保护的孩子可能会被惯坏。spoil作为动词有“宠坏,溺爱”的意思,这里用动词的过去分词作形容词。hurt指对身体或感情上的伤害;damaged指被毁坏或破坏(好像多指物);harmed指被损害,被伤害,被危害。选B。 考点:考查动词辨析
15.With the homework _______, the students can go to have a picnic. A.being done B.done C.doing D.to do 【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:做完作业后,学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构,homework和动词do是被动关系,用过去分词表被动,指作业被做,过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。 【名师点睛】 with复合结构
“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种,同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因,结果,伴随,方式”等情况。 (1)with + 宾语 + 形容词
The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. (表伴随) (2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语
The old man used to take a walk with a stick in his hand. (表方式) (3)with + 宾语 + 副词
The proud girl walked away with her head up. (表方式)
(4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词
Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. (表原因) (5)with + 宾语 + 过去分词
If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in that person. (表方式)
本题就是考查此结构,homework和动词do是被动关系,用过去分词表被动,指作业被做,过去分词在句中作宾补。 (6)with + 宾语 + 不定式
With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didn’t sleep well. (表原因) 一般说来,with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况;若放在句首,则多表示“原因”或“条件”,例如:
With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家,这个女孩感到很孤单。
With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路,我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。
16.______ what had happened, they knew I would struggle and simply wanted to help because it was the right thing to do. A.Hearing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语作状语。句意:听到发生的事情之后,他们知道我会努力,他们只是想帮忙,因为这是正确的事情。分析句子可知,本句的主语是they,与动词hear是主动关系,空格发生的事是在they knew之前,因此要用完成时,故选C。
B.To have heard
C.Having heard
D.Heard
17.All the staff in our company are considering ______ to the city centre for the fashion show. A.to go B.going C.to have gone D.having gone 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:我们公司所有的员工都在考虑去市中心看时装表演。此处consider的意思是“考虑”,后接名词或动名词,considering sth./doing sth“考虑某事或做某事”,故选B。
18.The lecture ________, a lively question-and answer session followed. A.being given 【答案】D 【解析】
B.had been given
C.to be given
D.having been given
【详解】
考查非谓语动词用法。句意:发表演讲之后,接下来是现场提问时间。句中逻辑主语lecture与动词give是被动关系,故需要用被动语态。being given指正在进行的演讲;to be given将要发表的演讲。having been given则强调时间先后,指的是此动作发生在谓语动词follow的动作之前。故选D项。
19.We will gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning unless .
A.otherwise informing C.otherwise informed 【答案】C 【解析】
考查让步状语从句省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are informed,但是因前后主语一致,所以省略主语,系动词。而我们应该是被通知,不是主动的。句意:我们将于明天早上八点在学校门口进行社区服务,除非另有通知。故选C。 考点:考查动词的过去分词。
B.otherwise being informed D.having otherwise informed
20.________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. A.Understanding C.Being understood 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:了解你自己的需求和沟通方式与学习传达你的感情和情绪同样重要。不定式(短语)或动名词(短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示将来,是特指;而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。故选A。
B.To be understood D.Having understood
21.I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country. A.to invite 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】
考查不定式用法。句意:我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。故D正确。 【点睛】
本句考查不定式作真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。it作形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess...。一般说来,当不定式、动名词、从句等用作
B.inviting
C.having invited
D.to be invited
宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。
22.Urban Chinese travelled to 68 countries during the Spring Festival holiday, ________ an average of 6,000 yuan each. A.spent C.to spend 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:春节假期期间,中国的城市人去了68个国家旅行,平均每人花费6000元。该句中的逻辑主语Urban Chinese与spend之间是主谓的关系,所以该空需用现在分词。故选B项。
B.spending D.having spent
23.The great hall was crowded with many people, _____ many children _____on their parents’ laps. A.including; seated C.included; sat 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查介词和过去分词。句意:这个大厅挤满了人,包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include是介词,由其领导的这个句子是做状语成分之用.including somebody,包括某人=somebody included,seated是动词+ed,其引导的\"seated on their parents' laps\"是后置定语的成分,表示状态,用来修饰前面的\"children\"。故选A。
B.including; seating D.included; sitting
24.The old couple sat in front of the house every evening, happy _____ those lovely children running and playing around. A.to watch 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:这对老夫妇每天晚上都坐在房子前面,开心地看着可爱的孩子们跑来跑去。本句中的happy...是形容词短语做状语,表示句子主语The old couple的状态;由句子中的happy可知,其后应接动词不定式表原因,即(the old man is) happy to...故选A项。
B.watching
C.watched
D.to have watched
25.Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A.writing C.written 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
B.to write D.being written
考查非谓语动词。句意:这本书写得既清楚又意味深长,该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系,所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。
26.(北京)___________the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. A.Catching C.To catch 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we,空中用不定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。 【名师点睛】
此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系,然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份,可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语,意思是“为了…”,学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份,才可以做好此类题。
B.Caught D.Catch
27.______ 840 square miles, the national park has beautiful lakes, mountains and forests. A.Cover B.Covering C.Covered D.To cover 【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:国家公园覆盖840平方英里,它有优美的湖、山和森林。the national park和cover之间是主动关系,故此处用现在分词表伴随状态,故选B。
28.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked. A.laid C.to lay 【答案】A 【解析】
with + 宾语 + 动词-ing 形式(即现在分词)表示动词 -ing 形式表示动作正在发生;with + 宾语 + 动词不定式表示一个动作过程或即将发生的动作;with + 宾语 + 过去分词表达被动含义。句意:客厅干净而整洁,餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。选A。
B.laying D.being laid
考点:考查非谓语动词。
29.________ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks. A.Not completing C.Not having completed 【答案】C 【解析】
试题分析:考查现在分词的完成式做状语,因为他们是先没有完成任务,然后不得不在这儿再待两个星期。表示从句的动作先于主句的动作,要用现在分词的完成式,否定式是:not having done。选C。
考点:考查现在分词的完成式做状语,
点评:分词做状语的时候,如果动词与名词构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式;如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式。如果从句的动作先于主句的动作,要用现在分词的完成式
B.Not completed D.Having not completed
30._______ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest. A.Having cleaned B.To clean C.Cleaned D.Clean 【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:整个下午打扫了教室之后,班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早,故用完成时;the monitor和clean是主动关系,此处作状语用动词-ing形式,故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时,故选A。
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