专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷154 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1． Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A．He is a Chinese tall intelligent young officer. B．There are a few new major urban highways. C．She is wearing a pretty pink woolen sweater. D．He stands on a beautiful little white stone bridge.
正确答案：A
解析：考查前置形容词的排列顺序。名词前带有多个形容词作前置定语时，这些形容词可大体按下列顺序排列：一般描述性形容词→表示大小的形容词→表示形状的形容词→表示新旧、年龄的形容词→表示颜色的形容词→表示类属的形容词→表示国籍的形容词→表示材料的形容词→中心词，故判断A错误，应改成He is a tall intelligent young Chinese officer。 知识模块：语法与词汇
2． All the following italicized parts are appositive clauses(同位语从句)EXCEPT
A．The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. B．He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. C．The fact that you are talking about has nothing to do with it.
D．The question that who should do the work requires consideration.
正确答案：C
解析：考查定语从句与同位语从句引导词that的区别。that在同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，而在定语从句中则充当主语或宾语，四个选项只有C的that充当从句谓语are talking about的宾语，这里的that引导的是定语从句，其他选项斜体部分都是同位语从句。 知识模块：语法与词汇
3． Which of the following sentences indicates “probability”? A．The stadium can be emptied in four minutes. B．I can speak a little French as well as Japanese. C．She can’t have slept through all that noise. D．You can take the car, if you want.
正确答案：C
解析：考查情态动词can的用法。can除了表示能力、要求、许可等，还可以表示可能性。A、B表能力，D表允许，只有C是表可能性，意为“那么吵他
不可能睡得着。” 知识模块：语法与词汇
4． What a pity! If only they ______ here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.
A．are B．were
C．have been D．had been
正确答案：B
解析：if only引导的从句要用虚拟语气，表示“要是……就好了”之意，表达一种不能实现或难以实现的愿望。表示与现在事实相反，if only从句谓语动词用过去时；表示与过去事实相反，if only从句谓语动词用过去完成时；表示与将来相反，用“would/could+动词原形”。本题是对现在事实的假设，故答案为B。 知识模块：语法与词汇
5． In “Can you show me your photo?”, the italicized part is the ______ of the sentence.
A．object complement B．direct object
C．subject complement D．indirect object
正确答案：B
解析：show sb．sth．是双宾语结构，其中sb．是间接宾语，sth．是直接宾语，因此答案为B。 知识模块：语法与词汇
6． My brother met her at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so she ______ your lecture.
A．mustn’t have attended B．needn’t have attended C．shouldn’t have attended D．couldn’t have attended
正确答案：D 解析：该句前半部分叙说一个客观事实，后句对前句进行补充说明。must have done表示对过去动作的肯定推测，只能用于肯定句中，其否定形式是can’t／couldn’t have done，因此A是错误的，答案为D。B、C两项分别表示“过去本来没有必要、不应该做某事，但事实上却做了”，不符合题意。 知识模块：语法与词汇
7． Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement? A．Have you got everything ready for the journey? B．Don’t marry young.
C．This fruit can be eaten raw.
D．Alone and broke, Hamas struggles to rule.
正确答案：A
解析：A的ready是作为宾语everything的补语，故为正确答案。B为祈使句，省略了主语you，形容词young用作主语补语；C的raw作为主语the fruit的补语，补充说明其状态；而D的Alone andbroke虽然提至句前，但还是作为主语Hamas的补语，补充说明Hamas的现状，正常语序为Hamasstruggles to rule alone and broke． 知识模块：语法与词汇
8． In the sentence “She walks out of the house, followed by a little boy”, the past participle is used as
A．an attribute. B．an adverbial. C．a complement. D．a predicative.
正确答案：B
解析：过去分词有多种用法，可充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。此处followed作状语，表示伴随状态，答案为B。A．attribute指定语；
C．complement指补语；
D．predicative指表语。 知识模块：语法与词汇
9． Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete “The job’s ______ done”?
A．almost B．nearly C．actually D．lately
正确答案：D
解析：almost和nearly都表示“差不多”，actually表示“实际上”，放人句中均说得通。lately“最近”不符合句子意思，所以选D。 知识模块：语法与词汇
10． There ______ be any difficulty in passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．shall not D．shouldn’t
正确答案：D
解析：must表推测时，只能用于肯定句中，其否定形式是can’t。needn’t通
常表示“没必要……”；shall用于第一人称表示征求对方的意见，用于第二和第三人称表示“允许、命令、法律条文中的规定”，用在此处不符合句意。should(not)表示根据常规或常识推测，语气比must和can’t稍弱，为正确答案。 知识模块：语法与词汇
11． They all think that it’s better to be busy than to be free, ______? A．don’t they? B．aren’t they C．doesn’t it D．isn’t it
正确答案：A
解析：当陈述句部分是I think／suppose／believe／fancy／imagine／expect+that从句时，反意疑问句要与从句对应；但若陈述部分为非第一人称主语+think/suppose／believe／fancy／imagine／expect+that从句，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致，因此答案为A。 知识模块：语法与词汇
12． On Sundays there are a lot of children playing in the park, ______ parents seated together joking.
A．their B．that C．whose D．which
正确答案：A
解析：本题容易误选C，认为这是一个非限制性定语从句。解题关键是判断空格后的seated是不是谓语动词，seat“坐下”作动词时为及物动词后需接宾语，常用于seat oneself或sb．be seated，由此判断seated是过去分词，因此需用独立主格结构，表伴随状态，答案为A。 知识模块：语法与词汇
13． ______, he sometimes can not stand the way she solves problems. A．Although much he likes her B．Much although he likes her C．As he likes her much D．Much as he likes her
正确答案：D
解析：as和although均可连接让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。as引导的让步状语从句要求用倒装结构，此结构可提至句首的有名词、动词原形、副词、形容词等，注意可数名词单数形式提至句首时不用冠词。如：Child as he is，he knows a lot．(名词前置)／Dark as the night was，he stillfound his way to my home．(形容词前置)／Try as he would，he couldn’t open the door．(动词前置)。although无此用法，如果用although的话，应该是Although he likes her very much。 知识模块：
语法与词汇
14． After the earthquake, a new nuclear station was put up ______ there had once been a farm.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
正确答案：A
解析：考查状语从句引导词。a new nuclear station was put up是一个完整的句子，这里需要填入一个状语从句引导词，根据后面的there had once been a farm可知说的是地点，所以选A。 知识模块：语法与词汇
15． —How slim your sister’s figure is! —It’s ______ mine when I was at her age.
A．not slimmer as B．no slimmer than C．not slim more than D．no more slimmer as
正确答案：B
解析：no可置于形容词或副词的比较级前面，对其进行修饰，意为“不比……，和……一样”。答案为B，其他选项表述不正确。另外，形容词或副词的比较级前还可用much，far，a lot，still，even等副词修饰。 知识模块：语法与词汇
16． If you are like most people, then chances are you often ______ others while they are still talking.
A．interfere B．intervene C．interrupt D．disturb
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
17． His dominant ______ was to take all things into earnest consideration. A．trait B．trail C．trace D．track
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
18． Benjamin was sweating bullets by the time the police had finished questioning him. The underlined part means ______.
A．impatient
B．very frightened C．speechless D．very tired
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
19． Both properties occupy a region long known as the “lung of Haikou” for its green ______ and fresh air.
A．vision B．scene C．sight
D．landscape
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
20． If you fulfill this ______ task, you could well deserve a promotion. A．desolate B．desirable C．desperate D．delicate
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
21． Frankly, I hope that we can develop a______ quality product. A．durable B．lasting C．permanent D．perpetual
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
22． Although he tried to focus on homework, the boy was ______ by his favorite cartoon.
A．distracted B．displaced C．dispersed D．discarded
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
23． One third of the Chinese in the United States live in California, ______ in
the San Francisco area.
A．remarkably B．severely C．drastically D．predominantly
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
24． His greatest ______ is his utterly natural and profoundly good musical instinct.
A．capacity B．competence C．gift D．aptitude
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
25． Your ability to argue is of no ______ if you get your facts wrong. A．ground B．avail C．practice
D．consequence
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
26． The man is very angry because his friend borrowed his car behind his back. The underlined part means ______.
A．secretly B．publicly C．suddenly
D．disappointedly
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
27． You can ______ your muscles more powerfully by linking up your breathing to the exercise.
A．condense B．compress C．contract D．shrink
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
28． ______ increases in the oil price have prompted anxiety among the car
owners.
A．Abrupt B．Ample C．Acute D．Automatic
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
29． Throughout our lives, mothers are there with an encouraging word, a sympathetic ear, and a(n)______ heart.
A．obedient B．tame C．tender D．temperate
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
30． Embracing globalisation, Shanghai has become one of the most ______ cities in the world.
A．active B．dynamic C．energetic D．vigorous
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：语法与词汇
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