2015杭州市高考英语阅读理解、完形填空小练（11）答案（四月）
阅读理解 【2013·潍坊5月模拟】
Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard，they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional wellbeingand it’s no surprise to health care professionals.
“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for people’s wellbeing and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities，such as exercise and meditation，but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing，so a rested，relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.
Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on one’s mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer，a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation，even if it is a 24hour timeout.” The trips could be good for their health，good for their family and good for their businesses.
The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010，and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation days—but only used 14 of them.France topped the list，with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued，but that’s not always good for the individual，the family or the employer.
Psychologists have also found that people who don’t take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this，the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker，making it actually more difficult to shift into less-stressed states，” Mulhern said.
1．How did the author introduce the topic of the text? A．By making comparisons. B．By giving an example. C．By raising questions. D．By providing data.
2．According to Natasha Withers，vacations can________. A．weaken reaction system B．cure serious diseases C．reduce the level of well-being
D．decrease the risk of heart disease
3．Expedia’s survey shows that Americans________. A．dislike family gatherings B．have the shortest vacation
C．enjoy as many vacations as the French
D．think much of spending long hours on the job 4．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．One should never wait to relax.
B．Work and rest go against each other.
C．Time and opportunity wait for no man. D．A relaxed mind determines everything. 5．What is mainly talked about in the text? A．Ways to relax in one’s free time. B．The benefits of taking time off. C．Different opinions on holidays. D．The Hostetlers always on the go.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。
1．解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。 答案： B 2．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for people’s wellbeing and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。 答案： D
3．解析： 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans’ responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。 答案： D
4．解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知，选A。A项意为“我们要及时休息”。 答案： A
5．解析： 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。 答案： B
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项
Many years ago my student asked me the question, \"Mrs. Kindred, why do you teach?\" Without taking time to reflect, I answered, \"Because someday I might say something that might make a difference in someone's life.\" Even though I was sincere, that wasn't a very good answer and my student didn't let it slide.
\"Let me get this straight,\" he said, \"You went to college for four years so you could come here every day because you have the hope that someday you might say something that will influence someone?\" He shook his head as if I were crazy and walked away looking confused. I'm one of those people who look back and wish they had said something smart or witty, or swift.
Even though that particular student might no longer wonder why I teach, there are days when I wonder. On those days, I remind myself of the real reasons I teach:
It's in my blood. My mother was my most influential teacher, and she was a 6th grade reading teacher until her death in 1990. She instilled (逐渐灌输) in me a love of reading and the knowledge
that education opens doors.
Teaching is a way to make a difference. If you throw a stone in a pond the ripples go on and on until they reach the shore. You can't have ripples without a \"stone.\" Good teachers throw stones that make a positive difference, and that's what I try to do.
I genuinely love teenagers. I want to share with others what I know and what I have learned through the years. Life is full of ups and downs, and if I can help students avoid some potholes on the road of life, I want to do so. If they'll allow me to celebrate their victories with them, I want to do too.
Teaching isn't for everyone, but I know I made the right career choice.
1. Why did the student continue to ask the question about the writer’s being a teacher? A. Because he thought her answer was unbelievable. B. Because the writer was insincere. C. Because the student was naughty.
D. Because the answer was difficult to understand. 2. What do you think of the writer? A. Stupid. B. Honest. C. Conservative （保守的）. D. Polite. 3. According to the text, which of the following is NOT true? A. The writer’s mother has the greatest influence on her. B. The writer’s answer made the student confused.
C. In the writer’s opinion, some people in the world are unfit to teach. D. The writer annoyed the student who asked the question. 4. We can infer from the text that _________. A. the writer was also a good teacher in school
B. the writer often plays with her students beside a pond C. the writer devotes herself to teaching and her students
D. the writer often accompanies the students on their way home 5. What’s the main idea of the text? A. A student’s silly question. B. A good teacher who likes students. C. A confused student. D. The reason why I teach. 【参考答案】1—5、ABDCD
完形填空
This is a story that can teach us a good lesson. One day, a man in rags begged from door to door along the street. With an old wallet in his hand, he was asking for a few coins to buy something to eat. He kept complaining about his bad fortune and kept 1 why those who had so much money were never 2 and were always desiring more.
“As far as I’m concerned, if I had only enough to 3 and to wear, I would not want anything more. ”
Just at that moment Goddess Fortune, who came down the 4 saw the beggar and said to him, “Hi, I have wished to 5 you for a long time. Now, open your 6 and I will pour my gold into it. But I will do that only on this 7 : All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the 8 shall become dust. Do you understand? ” “I see. ”said the beggar.
“Then you should 9 ! It’s obvious that your wallet is a(n) 10 one, so don’t load it too
heavily, ”said the Goddess Fortune.
The excited beggar could hardly 11 to have gold. He quickly opened his wallet, and a 12 of yellow coins was poured into it. The wallet grew heavier and heavier. “Is that enough? Isn’t it cracking? ”asked the Goddess Fortune. “Never 13 . It’s still strong enough now. ”answered the beggar.
The wallet was filled with so many coins that the beggar’s hands began to 14 . “Ah, if only the golden stream would 15 forever! Just a little more, ”said the beggar, “ 16 just a handful or two. ”
“There! It’s full. The wallet will 17 . ”warned the Goddess Fortune, but the beggar requested, “It will 18 a little more, just a little more. ”
One more piece was added and the wallet split. The 19 fell upon the ground and became dust. The greedy beggar had now 20 but his broken wallet.
【文章大意】一个沿街乞讨的乞丐遇到了财富女神, 财富女神给了乞丐许多金币, 同时告诫乞丐, 金币掉到地上则化为尘土。贪婪的乞丐不听劝告, 导致金币撑破钱包化为尘土, 乞丐又变得一无所有。故事告诫人们面对金钱不要贪得无厌。 1. A. showing B. explaining C. proving D. wondering 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据第一段最后一句, 为什么那些人如此有钱却从不满足, 还想得到更多。可知乞丐对此百思不得其解, “keep wondering”(一直想知道)符合句意。 2. A. relaxed B. satisfied C. worried D. depressed 【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。还想得到更多, 所以不满足, B项符合句意。 3. A. learn B. watch C. eat D. play
【解析】选C。背景常识题。由常识可知, 乞丐最重要的是要解决吃和穿的问题。eat(吃)对应下面提到的“穿”, 符合语境。 4. A. street B. bridge C. yard D. forest 【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据第一段, 乞丐在沿街乞讨, 所以财富女神降临到大街上才能看到乞丐。street(街道)符合语境。 5. A. praise B. forgive C. help D. comfort 【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文, “打开你的钱包, 我要给你一些金子”, 可知财富女神想帮助乞丐。所以选help(帮助)。 6. A. coat B. pocket C. box D. wallet 【解析】选D。词汇复现题。根据下文“All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold(所有进入你钱包的都是纯金)”可知乞丐打开的是一个钱包, 所以选wallet。前文也有提示。 7. A. occasion B. suggestion C. situation D. condition
【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。只有在这种条件下, “我”才会去做。“All that falls into the wallet will be pure gold; but every piece falling upon the shall become dust”解释上文提到的这种条件。condition“条件、状况”, 符合句意。 8. A. hand B. feet C. ground D. street
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。句意: 每一枚掉到地上的金币都会变成尘土。ground(地面)一词在最后一段中出现。 9. A. look out B. look after C. look up D. look down
【解析】选A。短语辨析题。根据下文财富女神告诫乞丐不要装得太多, 提醒乞丐注意、当心。所以选look out。look after照顾; look up仰视, 向上看; look down俯视。 10. A. small B. empty C. worn D. full
【解析】选C。词汇复现题。第一段中“With an old wallet in his hand”表明这是一个旧钱包, 所
以选worn, 意思是: 用旧的。 11. A. stand B. wait C. breathe D. think
【解析】选B。固定搭配题。could hardly wait to do sth. 意为: 迫不及待做某事。句意: 激动的乞丐早已迫不及待地想拿到金子。 12. A. stream B. piece C. pair D. variety 【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据倒数第三段中提到“golden stream”可知答案。 13. A. stop B. request C. fear D. insist
【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。通过乞丐告诉财富女神钱包现在还很结实, 可知不要为钱包担心。Never fear. 不要害怕。 14. A. spread B. close C. loose D. shake 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意: 钱包装了如此多的金币, 乞丐的手开始发抖。shake(发抖), 符合语境。spread伸展; close关闭; loose放松, 均不符合语境。 15. A. pour B. end C. dry D. melt 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。乞丐希望金子源源不断地流出, 四个选项中只有pour(流出)能形象地描绘出乞丐的贪婪。 16. A. take B. add C. lend D. send 【解析】选B。词汇复现题。最后一段的第一句话有原词复现: One more piece was added and the wallet split。 17. A. flow B. burst C. disappear D. change
【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。钱包已经装满了, 而且是一个旧钱包, 继续装可能会裂开。所以选burst“破裂”。下文中的“split”为同义词复现。 18. A. attract B. permit C. include D. hold 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。贪婪的乞丐认为钱包还能多装一点。hold“容纳”, 符合语境。 19. A. present B. food C. treasure D. metal 【解析】选C。背景常识题。treasure(财宝)这里指代金币。钱包破裂后金币自然会掉到地上。present礼物; food食物; metal金属, 均不符合句意。 20. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。句意: 现在贪婪的乞丐除了破裂的钱包一无所有了。nothing什么也没有。
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