考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编37 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有:1. Structure and Vocabulary
Structure and Vocabulary
1. A police officer was sent to______ the crime. A.search B.investigate C.survey D.explore
正确答案:B
解析:investigate vt.调查,调查研究。search(for)vt.搜,寻,探查。survey vt.调查,全面审视;俯瞰:测量。explore vt.探索,探究;探险,勘探。
2. Wherever there is matter, there is energy; all changes of matter______changes in the form of the energy.
A.retain B.include C.contain D.involve
正确答案:D
解析:involve vt.包含,含有:(结果)就需要,使不得不;牵涉,关于(如:The job involves little work.His work involves occasional journeys.To accept the job would involve living abroad.This problem involves us all.)。retain vt.保留,保持include vt.包括,包含。contain vt.包含,容纳(区分:involve主要表示“把……牵入,(作为结果)使……成为必要;include主要表示“整体中包括某项内容”;contain主要表示“(容器)容纳,《里面)装有”)。
3. Building this road will ______ the construction of ten bridges, then the total cost reaches 1 million US Dollars.(2004年西南财经大学考博试题)
A.evolve B.involve C.revolve D.devolve
正确答案:B
解析:本题空格处是说包括建造十座桥。B项“involve包括,使陷于”符合题意,如:All the children were involved in the school play.(所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧目。)其他三项“evolve发展,进化;revolve旋转,考虑;devolve转移,退化,衰落”都不正确。
4. Please do not be______ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention.(2004年3月中国科学院考博试题)
A.disgusted B.embarrassed C.irritated D.shocked
正确答案:C 解析:本题是说既然他只是为了吸引注意力,所以请不要被他的无礼举止激怒。C项“irritated愤怒”符合题意,如:The noise of the children was irritating me.(孩子们的吵闹使我恼火。)其他三项“disgusted厌恶;embarrassed尴尬,难为情;shocked震惊”都不正确。
5. The infected girl was______ from the rest of the family. A.dismissed B.isolated C.restrained D.confined
正确答案:B 解析:isolate(from)vt.使隔离,使孤立(如:One should not isolate oneself from the masses.Persons who get infectious diseases are isolated in special hospitals.)。dismiss vt.解散;解雇,免……的职;(认为不重要而)不再考虑。restrain(from)vt.抑制,遏制(情绪、欲望);阻止,控制(使不做from)。confine(to)vt.限制(在某范围内),使局限于。
6. The area is______with trails, some as wide as boulevards, that have been cut and maintained by elephant.(2003年西南财经大学考博试题)
A.blackmailed B.latticed C.isolated D.galloped
正确答案:C
解析:本题空格处是说这片区域被一些小路隔开。C项“isolated隔离的”符合题意,如:Several villages have been isolated by the heavy snowfall.(好几个村庄因大雪与外界隔绝。)其他三项“blackmailed勒索:latticed装有格子的;galloped飞奔”都不正确。
7. The point at______ at the meeting is whether they are to import the assembly line.(2005年春季电子科技大学考博试题)
A.argument B.controversy
C.issue D.conflict
正确答案:C
解析:本题空格处是说会上所指向的问题。C项“issue论点,问题,结果”符合题意。其他三项“argument争论,辩论,论据:controversy论争,辩论,论战;conflict斗争,冲突”都不正确。
8. Lawyer have a terrible habit of using Latin and industry ______ to mystify people and themselves more valuable.(2002年复旦大学考博试题)
A.inflections B.dialects C.accent D.jargon
正确答案:D
解析:本题空格处是说使用拉丁语和行业术语来迷惑人们。D项的“jargon专业术语,行话”符合题意,如:He spoke such a jargon I couldn’t make head or tail of what he said.(他讲那么一种方言土语,我根本不懂他说什么。)其他三项“inflection词尾变化;dialect方言;accent口音”都不正确。
9. The senator agrees that his support of the action would ______ his chances for reelection.(2003年南京大学考博试题)
A.obscure B.mystify C.distinguish D.jeopardize
正确答案:D 解析:本题意为“参议员承认自己对这个判决的支持会危及他的再次当选”。D项的“jeopardize危害”符合题意。其他三项“obscure使不明显,使模糊;mystify迷惑;distinguish区别,辨别”都不正确。
10. The disagreement over trade restrictions could seriously ______ relations between the two countries.(2015年北京航空航天大学考博试题)
A.tumble B.jeopardize C.manipulate D.intimidate
正确答案:B
解析:jeopardize意为“危害”。根据句意:“贸易限制方面存在的意见分歧会严重危及两国的关系。”,故选B。其他三项中,A项tumble意为“跌倒”;C项manipulate意为“操纵”; D项intimidate意为“恐吓”,都不符合句意。
11. John Smith is a______ ; he helps to write newspapers. A.correspondent B.journalist C.writer D.playwright
正确答案:B
解析:journalist n.新闻工作者,新闻记者。
12. At the moment my car is at the garage being made ready for a(n)______across Europe.
A.travel B.voyage C.journey D.excursion
正确答案:C 解析:journey n.(尤指在陆地上所作的)(长途)旅行,行程。travel n.旅行。voyage n.(尤指海上长途)旅行,航行,航海。excursion n.远足,短途旅行,(集体)游览。
13. The critic’s assessment of the book is that it is beautifully written.(2004年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)
A.comprehension B.recommendation C.admiration D.judgment
正确答案:D 解析:本题中,assessment的意思是“评价,评定,评估”。四个选项中,judgment的意思是“判断”,如:In her judgment,we shouldn’t change our plans.(照她看来,我们不应改变我们的计划。);comprehension的意思是“理解”;recommendation的意思是“推荐,劝告,建议”;admiration的意思是“钦佩,赞美”,只有D项符合题意。
14. She worked hard at her task before she felt sure that the results would______her long effort.
A.justify B.testify C.rectify D.verify
正确答案:A
解析:justify vt.说明……是对的,为……辩护,不辜负;解释……是对的。
15. The official was arrested for inability to______ all his fortune he has enjoyed.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)
A.clarify B.intensify C.verify D.justify
正确答案:D 解析:本题意为“那位官员因不能说出他所有财产的合法来源而被捕”。justify的意思是“证明……是正当的”,符合题意。其他三项“clarify阐明(立场),澄清(真相);intensify加强;verify证实,查证”都不正确。
16. You don’t have to______yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)
A.justify B.hinder C.indulge D.appoint
正确答案:A 解析:本题空格处是说你不必为自己辩护。A项“justify证明……正当,为……辩护”符合题意。其他三项“hinder阻碍;indulge纵容;appoint指定”都不正确。
17. The Japanese personnel manager had to ______ keeping a chemist on the payroll even though the company no longer needed his expertise.(2011年南京师范大学考博试题)
A.modify B.justify C.sustain D.launch
正确答案:B 解析:句子的大意为:日本的人事经理不得不辩解保留其化学家工资的理由,即使公司不再需要他的专业指导。
18. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion.(2002年春季上海交通大学考博试题)
A.long B.forever C.lasting D.lively
正确答案:C
解析:本题空格处是说留下持久的印记。long的意思是“长期的”;forever的意思是“永远”;lasting的意思是“持久的”;lively的意思是“活泼的,逼真的”,四个选项中只有C项符合题意。
19. Are you going to attend Prof. Barker’s______on Brain Electronics tomorrow?
A.conference B.discussion C.debate D.lecture
正确答案:D
解析:lecture n./vi.演讲,讲课。conference n.(正式)会议。discussion n.讨论。debate n.辩论,争论,讨论。
20. When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his______can be distributed. (2004年中国人民大学考博试题)
A.paradoxes B.legacies C.platitudes D.analogies
正确答案:B
解析:本题空格处讲的是在他的遗产被分配之前。四个选项中,legacy的意思是“遗产”,如:a legacy of religious freedom.(宗教自由的遗产):paradox的意思是“似是而非的论点,自相矛盾的话”;platitude的意思是“陈词滥调”;analogy的意思是“类似,类推”。根据题意,只有B为正确答案。
21. Now the public has an unprecedented chance to peer over the shoulders of archaeologists and historians and get a firsthand look at the______ of the Mongols and their Asian predecessors.(2004年四川大学考博试题)
A.legacy B.bequest C.converse D.miracle
正确答案:A
解析:本题空格处是说蒙古人和他们亚洲祖先的遗产。A项“legacy遗产(祖先、前人或过去传下来的某种东西)”符合题意。其他三项“bequest遗产,遗赠;converse相反的事物;miracle奇迹”都不正确。
22. Equal Rights ______ has been passed that should benefit all.
A.proposal B.poll
C.proceeding D.legislation
正确答案:D
解析:legislation n.法律,法规;立法,法律的制定。
23. Intellectual property is a kind of ______ monopoly, which should be used properly or else would disrupt healthy competition order.(中国科学院2011年3月试题)
A.legible B.legendary C.lenient D.legitimate
正确答案:D
解析:句子的大意为:知识产权是一种合法的垄断,应该正当使用,不然就会扰乱健康的竞争秩序。A项legible“清晰的,易读的,易辨认的”;B项legendary“传说的,传奇的”:C项lenient“宽大的;仁慈的”;D项legitimate“合法的,正当的,合理的,正统的”。所以D项符合题意。
24. If I had a car of my own, I______it to your sister yesterday.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)
A.will lend B.would lend C.should lend D.would have lent
正确答案:D
解析:考查虚拟语气。用would have done表示本应该做某事而没有做,句意为:如果我自己有一辆车,昨天就已经借给她了。此为固定形式,故选D正确。
25. ______any one should think it strange, let me assure you that it is quite true.(2006年清华大学考博试题)
A.In order that B.Lest C.If
D.Providing
正确答案:B
解析:in order that意为“为了……”;lest意为“以免,为不使”;if意为“如果,要是”;providing意为“倘若”。本题中的意思是说为了避免有人会觉得这
件事怪异,我向你保证它是完全正确的。因此本题的答案为B。
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