高三英语考试卷
考生注意:
1.本试卷分四部分,共120分。考试时间120分钟。 2.请将各题答案填涂在答题卡上。 3.本试卷主要考试内容:高中综合。 第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt? 答案是C。
A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15. 1.What is the weather like now? A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Warm.
2.How much would the man pay if he buys four ties today? A.$30. B.$108. C.$120. 3.Where are the speakers?
A.In a hotel. B.At a dinner table. C.In the mans home. 4.What is the woman?
A.A reporter. B.A teacher. C.A student. 5.What movie did the man probably watch last night? A.Airheads. B.Pearl Harbor. C.Titanic.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选
出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.How often did the man listen to the news from China? A.Once a week. B.Almost every day. C.Every three days. 7.What is the mans difficulty in learning Chinese? A.Reading Chinese books. B.Speaking Chinese.
C.Understanding Chinese radio.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.What did Linda do after the party?
A.She typed a paper. B.She visited her uncle. C.She studied history. 9.Why was Linda so nervous? A.She didnt have much sleep. B.She was worried about her brother. C.She thought her paper might be late.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Where was the man born?
A.In Philadelphia. B.In Springfield. C.In Kansas. 11.What did the man like doing when he was a child? A.Drawing. B.Traveling. C.Reading. 12.What inspires the man most?
A.Education. B.Family love. C.Nature.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.When does the woman go to the restaurant? A.In the early morning. B.In the middle of the morning. C.At noon.
14.What does the woman like most about the restaurant?
A.The quiet environment. B.The cheap food. C.The good service. 15.What does the man always have for lunch? A.Pancakes. B.Fish pie. C.Sausages.
16.What does the man say about his favorite restaurant? A.Its new and clean. B.Its food is tasty and cheap. C.It often attracts film stars.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What are people like nowadays according to the speaker? A.They are too lazy to cook. B.They prefer fast food. C.They are always in a hurry. 18.What do most people want to do? A.Enjoy home-made dishes with families. B.Eat out more with friends.
C.Start food business on the Internet. 19.What does the speaker advise people to do? A.Buy a computer in their neighborhood. B.Cook healthy meals at home. C.Order food online.
20.What kind of talk is the speaker giving? A.A lecture on food and health. B.An advertisement for a food website. C.A speech on the development of cooking.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节, 满分35分) 第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. Courage, according to some successful persons, is as to pioneering work as the
intelligence, even more so. A. accessible B. alternative C. essential D. commercial 【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。A. accessible可进入的；B. alternative供选择的；C. essential重要的；D. commercial商业的。句意：根据一些成功人士的说法，勇气对于开拓工作和智力一样重要，甚至更重要。表示重要的，故选C.
2. The police have anyone with information to come forward and talk to them. A. appealed to B. attended to C. responded to D. attached to 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语。A. appealed to呼吁；B. attended to出席，参加；C. responded to做出反应；D. attached to附属于。句意：警方呼吁任何知道信息的人站出来与他们交谈。表示呼吁，故选A. 3. Parents should be aware of the fact that children, who are raised on a diet of soap operas and online games, seldom, participate in a variety of activities. A. if never B. if not C. if ever D. if so 【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。A. if never如果未曾；B. if not如果不；C. if ever如果有过的话；D. if so如果是这样的话。句意：父母应该意识到这样一个事实：从小在肥皂剧和网络游戏中长大的孩子们，如果有过的话，也很少参加各种各样的活动。根据句意选C.
4. Nowadays when travelling, travelers usually use the We-chat to share their feelings about their trips with descriptions of their experiences, offering viewers a(n) for the imagination of reality.
A. feast B. account C. landscape D. principle 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词。A. feast盛宴；B. account账户；C. landscape风景；D. principle原理。句意：如今旅行时，旅行者通常会利用微信来描述他们的旅行体验，并向观看者提供真实想象的盛宴。故选A.
5. —Why didn’t you call me then?
—Oh, my cell-phone was power off. I ________ you otherwise. A. would call B. had called C. have called D. would have called 【答案】D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：---为什么当时你不给我打电话?--哦,我的手机没电了。否则的话我会给你打的。此处相当于if条件状语从句中与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would /should /could/might +have+过去分词，指如果我手机当时有电的话我会给你打的。故选D. 【名师点睛】
含蓄虚拟条件句就是将条件从句隐藏在上下文一定的短语中的一类条件句，比如将条件隐含在不定式短语中，分词短语中，介词短语中，名词短语中，或某些连词(如or, or else, otherwise等)中，将条件隐含在定语从句中，将条件隐含在一定的上下文中，等等。如：
To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination. 你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。(=if you have studied harder, you…)
Failing this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？(=If you failed this time, what…) Without air, no one could live. 没有空气，人就不能活。(=If there were no air, no one could live.) A true friend would not have betrayed me. 若是真正的朋友，就不会背弃我。(=If he had been a true friend, he would…)
I didn’t know that he was a cheat, or else I wouldn’t have believed him. 我不知道他是个骗子，不然我也不会相信他了。(or else=if I had known he was a cheat)
Anyone who had seen that painting might have taken it for a photo. 凡是看过那画的人，都可能把它看成是照片。(=If anyone had seen that painting…)
Don’t bother to read all these papers. It would take too long. 不要费事看所有这些文件了，那会花太多时间。(=…If you read all these papers, It would take too long)
I’m really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you. 我真的是太忙了，不然我就会同你一道去了。(otherwise=if I were not so busy) 6. —You look pretty tired today!
—I an environmental report over the last few days, which should be submitted to the boss tomorrow.
A. wrote B. was writing
C. had written D. have been writing 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：--你今天看起来很累！-- 在过去的几天里我一直在写一个环境报告，这个报告明天应要提交给老板。表示从几天前开始一直进行持续到现在的动作，用现在完成进行时，故选D. 【名师点睛】 现在完成进行时：
基本结构：have/has+been+现在分词 用法：
1.现在完成进行时表示一个从过去某时开始发生，一直延续到现在并可能延续下去的动作。
I've been waiting for an hour but he still hasn't come.我已经等了一个小时，但他还没有来。How long have you been doing this work?你做这工作多久了？ 2、表示动作刚刚结束。（有时指出结果）
They have been talking about the book.他们刚刚在讨论这本书。
My clothes are wet. I've been walking in the rain.我的衣服湿了，我一直走在雨中。 3、表示某种感情色彩。
Who's been telling you such nonsense?谁告诉你这个消息的？（气愤） 4、表示过去某种愿望未实现，某种企图、希望落空，含有遗憾、不耐烦等情绪。 She has been telling me.她一直想告诉我。
They have been going to build a bridge over the lake for years.数年来，他们一直想在湖上建一座桥。（但未能实现）
5、表示一个过去动作对现在的影响或造成的结果。（相当于现在完成时） Who's been insulting you?谁欺负你了？
The room stinks. Someone's been smoking in here.屋里有烟味，有人抽烟了。 6、表示重复。（指断断续续，而非一直不停）
I have been bidding goodbye to some friends today.我今天同好几个朋友告了别。 Has he been making trouble? 他是不是一直在制造麻烦？
7. Evidence begins to that the earth and the rest of the universe are in fact changing with time.
A. accumulate B. accelerate C. accompany D. approve 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词。A. accumulate累积；B. accelerate加速；C. accompany陪伴；D. approve批准。句意：地球和宇宙的其他部分实际上在随着时间而改变的证据开始累积。指证据积累，故选A. 8. —How do you like the advertisement of the way to losing weight?
—Don’t fall for it. In the beginning, that may do, but after a while you will end up back ________ you started. A. as if B. where C. even if D. when 【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。A. as if好像；B. where在…的地方；C. even if即使；D. when当…时。句意：你觉得这个减肥方法的广告怎么样?—不要信以为真。开始的时候，可能会这样，但是很快你就会回到原来的样子。此处开始的地方指原来的样子，故选B.
9. It is broadcast on TV that the 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre seats an audience of approximately 4000. A. where B. whose C. which D. when 【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。A. where在那里；B. whose谁的；C. which那一个；D. when在那时。句意：在Dolby剧院举行的第88届奥斯卡颁奖典礼在电视上播出，这个剧院能容纳约4000观众。That从句是句中的真正主语，里面包含定语从句，先行词是Dolby Theatre指物，后面是定语从句，先行词在定语从句中做主语用关系代词引导，故选C.
10. More and more people tend to go to E-libraries in that they have access to books when they are unable to get to a library. A. accidentally B. physically C. voluntarily D. appropriately
【答案】B
【解析】考查副词。A. accidentally偶然地；B. physically身体上地；C. voluntarily自动地；D. appropriately适当地。句意：越来越多的人倾向于去电子图书馆，因为他们在无法去图书馆的时候就能接触到书籍。此处指亲身去图书馆，故选B.
11. A new bridge has been built in recent years, only it much easier for cars to reach the hotel on the mountain top. A. having made B. making C. to make D. to have made 【答案】B
12. The best student of the year shared his experience of he had managed to achieve excellence in his preparation for the college entrance examination. A. if B. how C. what D. that 【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。A. if是否；B. how如何；C. what什么；D. that无实意。句意：今年最优秀的学生分享了他在准备高考时如何做到优秀的经历。此处表示如何取得优秀的，故选B. 13. —Congratulations on your girlfriend’s being offered the job. —Thank you, but she’s got it ________ her greater perseverance. A. in terms of B. in response to C. by virtue of D. with respect to 【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语。A. in terms of根据；B. in response to响应；C. by virtue of由于，凭借；D. with respect to关于。句意：--祝贺你的女朋友找到了工作。--谢谢，她是凭借更大的毅力得到的。根据句意选C.
14. —Dora, do you think Jack’s proposal reasonable?
—I’m sorry I have missed that, but actually I ________ about another one. A. thought B. have thought
C. had thought D. was thinking 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：--多拉，你认为杰克的建议合理吗？--对不起，我没听见。实际上我刚才在考虑另外一种想法。表示刚才正在进行的动作，用过去进行时。故选D. 15. —Will Mr. Black pull us through the crisis of money? —He is ________ and I don’t think he’ll help us with anything. A. a tough nut B. Jekyll and Hyde C. the salt of the earth D. a Scrooge 【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。A. a tough nut难对付的人；B. Jekyll and Hyde双重人格者；C. the salt of the earth高尚的人；D. a Scrooge吝啬鬼。句意：--布莱克先生会拉我们渡过难关吗?—他是一个吝啬鬼,我认为他不会帮助我们的。根据句意选D.
第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For one year, the Dannemiller family gave up buying any unnecessary purchases.
In an effort to get back in touch with what they call their family mission, which includes “growing in faith together and serving others to create a world without ___16___,” parents Scott and Gabby Dannemiller decided to ___17___ spending money on things like toys, books, clothing, or anything that wasn’t a necessity or a(n) ___18___.
Overall, the family successfully ___19___ the plan. Though the experiment took place in 2019, the family ___20___ tries to live by the lessons they learned while cutting out unnecessary spending. “By focusing on experiences___21___ purchases, we grew together in faith as a family, we were able to ___22___ others, we were able to give more of our time and treasure to people who ___23___ need it,” Scott says.
“My daughter’s birthday is next month, and she asked if we could go to visit her uncle’s farm and ride a horse, ___24___ just asking for a horse stuffed animal,” he says. “Now we look at ____25____ and say ‘will that really add value to our life, ____26____ is it something we will just need to find space for and take care of.’”
If you’re trying to teach your children to focus ____27____ on physical stuff, Scott says it’s helpful to tweak (稍微改进) your ____28____ when kids ask for things. “We used to say ‘that’s too ____29____,’ but that made our kids think OK, we need more money, and when we get more money we can have it,” he says. “We ____30____ to ‘we don’t need that,’ and that helped them understand.”
When ____31____ spending, Scott says the most ____32____ thing is to focus not on what your family is giving up, but what it is gaining. “It’s not about what you’re ____33____,” he says. “The question should be, ‘What are we going to ____34____ that with?’ Then, make sure you are adding something to your life that the people in your family ____35____. For us, that was time together.”
16. A. need B. faith C. delay D. pity 17. A. slow B. begin C. increase D. stop
18. A. party B. experience C. relationship D. gathering 19. A. applied to B. subscribe to C. responded to D. stuck to 20. A. even B. ever C. still D. just
21. A. instead of B. in contrast to C. in parallel with D. regardless of 22. A. treat B. serve C. please D. satisfy 23. A. presently B. likely C. really D. simply
24. A. more than B. or else C. or rather D. rather than 25. A. purchases B. possessions C. treasures D. earnings 26. A. so B. or C. and D. but
27. A. less B. occasionally C. frequently D. more 28. A. appearance B. atmosphere C. language D. identity 29. A. worthy B. cheap C. worthless D. expensive 30. A. admitted B. referred C. shifted D. took
31. A. cutting off B. cutting down C. cutting up D. cutting away 32. A. impressive B. challenging C. important D. encouraging 33. A. lacking B. losing C. obtaining D. finding 34. A. replace B. share C. exchange D. compare
35. A. own B. preserve C. owe D. value
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】文章叙述了Scott一家坚持节省开支的故事，告诉了我们如何教育孩子，如何坚持不买不必需的东西。 16. A
考查名词。A. need需要；B. faith信仰；C. delay耽搁；D. pity同情。他们的家庭使命是在信仰中成长，为他人服务，创造一个没有需要的世界。与文章开头的gave up buying any unnecessary purchases.呼应，故选A. 17. D
考查动词。A. slow放慢；B. begin开始；C. increase增加；D. stop停止。根据文章开头的gave up buying any unnecessary purchases.可知他们决定停止花钱购买不必需品，故选D. 18. B
考查名词。A. party聚会；B. experience经历；C. relationship关系；D. gathering聚集。此处指全家不买不必需品，或者停止不必要的花钱经历。故选B. 19. D
考查动词短语。A. applied to适用于；B. subscribe to同意；C. responded to做出反应；D. stuck to坚持。总的来说，全家人成功地坚持了这个节省不必要开支的计划。根据Though the experiment took place in 2019, 和we grew together in faith as a family, we were able to ___7___ others, we were able to give more of our time and treasure to people who ___8___ need it,” 可知他们从2019年开始就坚持了这个计划并且有收获，故选D. 20. C
考查副词。A. even甚至；B. ever曾经；C. still仍然；D. just刚刚。尽管这个计划开始于2019年，他们仍然试着从吸取教训中学习，同时减少不必要的开支。与上句的“坚持”一致，故选C. 21. A
考查固定搭配。A. instead of代替；B. in contrast to与…形成对照；C. in parallel with与…平行；D. regardless of不顾。通过注重经验来代替购买，全家人共同成长。故选A. 22. B
考查动词。A. treat治疗；B. serve服务；C. please使高兴；D. satisfy使满意。与第一段家庭使命growing
in faith together and serving others呼应，此处指能够服务他人，故选B. 23. C
考查副词。A. presently目前；B. likely或许；C. really真正地；D. simply简单地。我们能够给那些真正需要的人们更多的时间和财富，表示真正需要，故选C. 24. D
考查固定搭配。A. more than多于；B. or else否则；C. or rather更精确地说；D. rather than而不是。女儿问我们是否能去叔叔家的农场骑马而不是仅要一个动物玩具，表示而不是，故选D. 25. A
考查名词。A. purchases购买物；B. possessions所有物；C. treasures宝物；D. earnings收入。我们看着那些购买物问，它们真的会给我们的生活增加价值还是仅仅需要我们找到的地方存放和照顾。指那些买的不必需的东西，故选A. 26. B
考查连词。A. so所以；B. or或者；C. and和；D. but但是。此处指购买的东西真的会给我们的生活增加价值还是仅仅需要我们找到的地方存放和照顾。表示选择，故选B. 27. A
考查副词。A. less更少地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. frequently频繁地；D. more更多。如果我们努力让孩子更少地注意物质的东西，就能更好地教育孩子不买不必需的东西。故选A. 28. C
考查名词。A. appearance出现；B. atmosphere气氛；C. language语言；D. identity身份。让孩子更少地注意物质的东西，对孩子要买东西时我们的语言教育有帮助。指下文教育孩子的话，故选C. 29. D
考查形容词。A. worthy值得的；B. cheap便宜的；C. worthless不值钱的；D. expensive昂贵的。我们不给孩子买要的东西时过去经常说这个东西太贵，根据常识选D. 30. C
考查动词。A. admitted承认；B. referred参考；C. shifted转移；D. took拿，取。现在我们把那个东西太贵转变成我们不需要那个东西，指语言的改变，教育方式的改变。故选C. 31. B
考查动词短语。A. cutting off切断；B. cutting down削减；C. cutting up切碎；D. cutting away砍掉。此处指削减开支，减少花费。故选B.
32. C
考查形容词。A. impressive感人的；B. challenging挑战的；C. important重要的；D. encouraging令人鼓舞的。在削减开支时最重要的是不要把重点放在你的家庭放弃了什么，而要关注它正在得到什么。这种观念是最重要的，故选C. 33. B
考查动词。A. lacking缺少；B. losing失去，损失；C. obtaining得到；D. finding找到。削减开支不是你正失去了什么，故选B. 34. A
考查动词。A. replace代替；B. share分享；C. exchange交换；D. compare比较。问题应该是我们将用什么来代替它，代替认为失去的东西。故选A. 35. D
考查动词。A. own拥有；B. preserve保护；C. owe欠；D. value重视。然后确保你在你的生活中增加了你家庭成员重视的东西，指全家人珍惜的东西，故选D. 【名师点睛】
完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法： 1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力
完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。 2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力
做完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。小题4考查动词短语。A. applied to适用于；B. subscribe to同意；C. responded to做出反应；D. stuck to坚持。总的来说，全家人成功地坚持了这个节省不必要开支的计划。根据Though the experiment took place in 2019, 和we grew together in faith as a family, we were able to ___7___ others, we were able to give more of our time and treasure to people who ___8___ need it,”可知他们从2019年开始就坚持了这个计划并且有收获，故选D. 小题7考查动词。A. treat治疗；B. serve服务；C. please使高兴；D. satisfy使满意。与第一段家庭使命growing in faith together and serving others呼应，此处指能够服务他人，故选B. 3.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力
目的考查学生的生活常识，看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如小题14考查形容词。A. worthy值得的；B. cheap便宜的；C. worthless不值钱的；D. expensive昂贵的。我们不给孩子买要的东西时过去经常说这个东西太贵，根据常识选D. 4.关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力
此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况下，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。小题11考查连词。A. so所以；B. or或者；C. and和；D. but但是。此处指购买的东西真的会给我们的生活增加价值还是仅仅需要我们找到的地方存放和照顾。表示选择，故选B.
第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A
Sagrada Familia
Opening hours: 09:00—18:00(October—March); 09:00—20:00(April—September) Admission: $11, or $10 with the Barcelona Card.
The temple has been under construction since 1882 and they’ve still got another 30 to 80 years to go before it is finished. The project’s vast scale and its special design have made it one of Barcelona’s top tourist attractions for many years. La Pedrera
Opening hours: November—February: 09:00—18:30; March—October: 09:00—20:00 Admission: $9.Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.
This building used to be called Casa Mila but nowadays it’s more commonly known as La Pedrera.It is a unique modernist building in Barcelona and was made of bricks.It was built between 1906 and 1912 and in 1984 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site with other Gaudi buildings in Barcelona.
Barcelona FC Museum
Opening hours: April 6th—October 4th:(Monday to Saturday) 10:00—20:00; the rest of the year: 10:00—18:30
Admission: $8.50 for entry to the museum and $17 for a guided tour.
When you buy your ticket you have two options.You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium or you can buy a dual (双的) ticket for $15 where you get to see the museum and the scenes at the club. Miro Museum
Opening hours: Check the website for details as they vary depending on the time of the year. Admission: $8.Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.
This museum has a wide range of Miro’s works dating back as far as 1914.This artwork collection not only includes his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures. 36. How much should you pay if you visit La Pedrera with the Barcelona Card? A. $6.4. B. $7.2. C. $8. D. $10.
37. Where can you visit a football stadium? A. Miro Museum. B. Sagrada Familia. C. La Pedrera. D. Barcelona FC Museum.
38. Who will show special interest in Miro Museum? A. Athletes. B. Artists. C. Architects. D. Singers. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. B
【解析】本文介绍了巴塞罗那四个博物馆的情况，包括开放时间，门票价格和各自特色。 36. B
细节推理题。根据La Pedrera中Admission: $9.Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.可知有Barcelona Card能节省20%，只需9×80%＝7.2，故选B. 37. D
细节推理题。根据Barcelona FC Museum中You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium可知在Barcelona FC Museum能够看到足球馆，故选D. 38. B
细节推理题。根据Miro Museum 中This artwork collection not only includes his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures. 这个艺术品收藏不仅包括Miro的绘画作品，而且还包括精选的雕塑作品。可知艺术家们会对这个博物馆感兴趣，故选B.
【名师点睛】
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题1要求计算票价，根据La Pedrera中Admission: $9.Save 20% with the Barcelona Card.可知有Barcelona Card能节省20%，只需9×80%＝7.2，故选B.小题2考查在哪能看到足球馆，根据Barcelona FC Museum中You can buy a ticket for the museum to see the football stadium可知在Barcelona FC Museum能够看到足球馆，故选D.小题3根据Miro Museum 中This artwork collection not only includes his paintings but also a good selection of sculptures. 这个艺术品收藏不仅包括Miro的绘画作品，而且还包括精选的雕塑作品。可知艺术家们会对这个博物馆感兴趣，故选B.
B
Getting more followers is something we usually associate with social media or micro messaging apps. But soon we could all have a new type of follower—a robotic one.
Dozens of robots and technology fans gathered in Boston, US, earlier this month for the Robot Business conference. The latest developments in the world of robotics were shown to the public, and this time the trend was robots following people.
Perhaps the most exciting development on show was the ability of drones (无人机) to follow you from the air, acting as your own personal cameraman or photographer. One example is 3-D Robotics’ Iris+ drone, developed by a US-based company.
The drone is fitted with cameras and has a “follow me” function. It connects with your GPS-enabled Android device, like a mobile phone. Then it flies and follows you around, shooting action film of you from above. The software in the drone makes sure that you’re always in the
center of the frame.
It can keep working for 15 minutes, as long as there aren’t too many trees for it to crash into. This could be exciting for anyone who loves action sports or wants to be the star of their own short film.
But what if you want to be one of those celebrities (名人) who have helpers carrying all their bags and doing all their chores? A robot called Budgee can help.
Budgee, made by 5 Elements Robotics, is literally a basket on wheels.It is designed to help elderly and disabled people, or simply anyone who doesn’t have enough arms for grocery bags, Wired magazine reported.It can carry up to 22.7 kg of items.
To make Budgee follow them, its owner will have to wear a small device and use an app to set the distance between themselves and the robot.Budgee even sends a text message when it can’t keep up with its owner.
“I want you to look at the robot like he’s your buddy, he’s your friend. There’s a relationship you develop with the robot,” Wendy Roberts, CEO of 5 Elements Robotics, told gigaom.com. It might not be quite the same as robotic assistants we’ve seen in movies such as Disney’s Wall-E, where robots cater for our every need, but that idea doesn’t seem quite so far-fetched now.
39. The drone developed by a US-based company can ________. A. fly around you and take videos from above B. decide who to put in the center of the frame C. be used to take pictures and make phone calls D. keep working for 15 minutes in any conditions
40. According to the article, Budgee is most likely to be targeted at ________. A. staff in supermarkets B. elderly and disabled people C. those who love action sports D. celebrities who need a close buddy
41. The main purpose of the article is to ________. A. tell the reader about two new types of robots
B. urge people to buy the drone and Budgee
C. call on people to develop relationships with robots D. analyze why the two types of robots can lead a trend 【答案】39. A 40. B 41. A
【解析】文章主要介绍了两款新型机器人3-D Robotics’ Iris drone和Budgee的功能和作用。 39. A
细节推理题。根据第四段The drone is fitted with cameras and has a “follow me” function.和Then it flies and follows you around, shooting action film of you from above. The software in the drone makes sure that you’re always in the center of the frame.可知这种无人机可以从上方跟随你拍照录像，故选A. 40. B
细节推理题。根据第七段Budgee, made by 5 Elements Robotics, is literally a basket on wheels. It is designed to help elderly and disabled people, or simply anyone who doesn’t have enough arms for grocery bags,可知Budgee是为残疾人和老年人设计的，故选B. 41. A
推理判断题。文章主要介绍了两款新型机器人3-D Robotics’ Iris drone和Budgee的功能和作用，故选A.
C
ARNOLD Schwarzenegger is back, once again taking on his iconic killer robot role, the T-800, in August’s new movie Terminator Genisys. While the T-800 model—even if it can be evil—has a fond place in moviegoers’ hearts, the reality of autonomous machines is no joke, according to scientists.
Autonomous weapons use artificial intelligence (AI) to choose targets without human help. They were described as “the third revolution in warfare, after gunpowder and nuclear arms” in an open letter signed by over 1,000 important technology figures in July. The list included British scientist Stephen Hawking and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. They asked governments around the world to ban autonomous weapons, warning that killer robots could start ethnic cleansings and an arms race.
“They will look like tanks. They will look like battleships. They will look like jet fighters,”
UK robotics professor Noel Sharkey told CNET, a leading technology website.
But unlike these machines, which require a human hand in their action, so-called “killer robots” would have some decision-making abilities and the ability to act on their own.
“If any major military power pushes ahead with AI weapon development, a global arms race is almost inevitable,” said the letter released at the 2019 International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
The idea of an automated killing machine was made famous by Schwarzenegger’s first Terminator movie in 1984. While no red-eyed robots have been sent after human beings, the idea of AI being used as a weapon has gotten much more likely in the years ever since. The US military is already developing autonomous flying vehicles that can carry out all the steps of a strike mission without a human controlling them, according to a May report in Nature magazine.
Scientists have even painted a destructive picture of autonomous weapons falling into the hands of terrorists or warlords hoping to carry out ethnic cleansings.
“The development of full artificial intelligence could lead to the end of the human race,” Hawking said to the BBC in 2019.
Authorities are gradually waking up to the risk of robot wars. Last May, for the first time, the United Nations brought governments together to begin talks on autonomous weapons systems.
Still, a ban on autonomous weapons is “easier said than done”, commented The Guardian. The dual (双重的) uses of the AI technology—for harm and for good—is difficult to manage. This is because the exact same technology can be used in a wide range of ways, the paper said. 42. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To analyze why the T-800 model appeals to moviegoers. B. To promote Schwarzenegger’s new movie Terminator Genisys. C. To explore the development and impact of autonomous machines.
D. To show that the technology shown in science fiction can become a reality. 43. What is the unique characteristic of autonomous weapons? A. They are able to select targets very quickly and accurately. B. They are driven by artificial intelligence instead of humans. C. They are killing machines more powerful than tanks and battleships.
D. They are red-eyed robots able to carry out all kinds of strike missions. 44. The underlined word “inevitable” in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. A. to be expected B. to be improved C. to be prevented D. to be controlled
45. What is scientists’ attitude toward autonomous weapons? A. They could be used to fight against terrorists in the future. B. Their decision-making abilities should be further developed.
C. They could bring a huge disaster to the human race if they are not banned. D. They should replace gunpowder and nuclear arms in future wars. 【答案】42. C 43. B 44. A 45. C
【解析】文章介绍了智能武器的发展和影响，科学家们表示如果不对自动机器进行禁止，可能会给人类带来灾难。 42. C
推理判断题。第四段so-called “killer robots” would have some decision-making abilities and the ability to act on their own.和第六段The US military is already developing autonomous flying vehicles that can carry out all the steps of a strike mission without a human controlling them.在讲自动机器人的发展；第二段They asked governments around the world to ban autonomous weapons, warning that killer robots could start ethnic cleansings and an arms race.讲自动机器人的影响。由此可知本文主要是介绍自动机器人的发展和影响，故选C. 43. B
细节推理题。根据第二段Autonomous weapons use artificial intelligence (AI) to choose targets without human help.可知自主武器使用人工智能在没有人类帮助的情况下选择目标，这是其独特之处，故选B. 44. A
猜测词义题。此句指如果任何主要军事力量推动人工智能武器的发展，全球军备竞赛几乎是不可避免的。“inevitable”指不可避免的，必然的，与to be expected “意料之中的”同义，其他项意思都不符合，故选A. 45. C
推理判断题。根据第二段They asked governments around the world to ban autonomous weapons, warning
that killer robots could start ethnic cleansings and an arms race.和第七段Scientists have even painted a destructive picture of autonomous weapons falling into the hands of terrorists or warlords hoping to carry out ethnic cleansings.第八段 “The development of full artificial intelligence could lead to the end of the human race,” Hawking said to the BBC in 2019.等内容可知科学家们认为杀手机器人可以开始种族清洗和军备竞赛，人工智能的发展可能导致人类的终结。如果不对自动机器进行禁止，可能会给人类带来灾难。故选C.
D
It was very late and everyone had left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.
“Last week he tried to commit suicide,” one waiter said. “Why?” “He was in despair.” “What about?” “Nothing.” “How do you know it was nothing?” “He has plenty of money.”
They sat together at a table that was close against the wall near the door of the cafe and looked at the terrace where the tables were all empty except where the old man sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree that moved slightly in the wind. A girl and a soldier went by in the street. The street light shone on the brass number on his collar. The girl wore no head covering and hurried beside him.
“The guard will pick him up,” one waiter said. “What does it matter if he gets what he’s after?” “He had better get off the street now. The guard will get him. They went by five minutes ago.”
The old man sitting in the shadow rapped on his saucer with his glass. The younger waiter went over to him.
“What do you want?” The old man looked at him. “Another brandy,” he said.
“You’ll be drunk,” the waiter said. The old man looked at him. The waiter went away. “He’ll stay all night,” he said to his colleague. “I’m sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o’clock. He should have killed himself last week.”
The waiter took the brandy bottle and another saucer from the counter inside the cafe and marched out to the old man’s table. He put down the saucer and poured the glass full of brandy.
“You should have killed yourself last week,” he said to the deaf man. The old man motioned with his finger. “A little more,” he said. The waiter poured on into the glass so that the brandy slopped over and ran down the stem into the top saucer of the pile. “Thank you,” the old man said. The waiter took the bottle back inside the cafe.He sat down at the table with his colleague again.
“He’s drunk now,” he said. “He’s drunk every night.” “What did he want to kill himself for?” “How should I know.” “How did he do it?” “He hung himself with a rope.” “Who cut him down?” “His niece.” “Why did they do it?” “Fear for his soul.” “How much money has he got?” “He’s got plenty.” “He must be eighty years old.” “Anyway I should say he was eighty.” “I wish he would go home.I never get to bed before three o’clock. What kind of hour is that to go to bed?” “He stays up because he likes it.” “He’s lonely. I’m not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me.” “He had a wife once too.” “A wife would be no good to him now.” “You can’t tell. He might be better with a wife.” “His niece looks after him.You said she cut him down.” “I know.” “I wouldn’t want to be that old.An old man is a nasty thing.” “Not always.This old man is clean.He drinks without spilling.Even now, drunk.Look at him.” “I don’t want to look at him.I wish he would go home.He has no regard for those who must work.”
The old man looked from his glass across the square, then over at the waiters.
“Another brandy,” he said, pointing to his glass.The waiter who was in a hurry came over. “Finished,” he said, speaking with that omission of syntax stupid people employ when talking to drunken people or foreigners. “No more tonight. Close now.”
“Another,” said the old man.
“No. Finished.” The waiter wiped the edge of the table with a towel and shook his head. The old man stood up, slowly counted the saucers, took a leather coin purse from his pocket and paid for the drinks, leaving half a peseta tip. The waiter watched him go down the street, a very old man walking unsteadily but with dignity.
“Why didn’t you let him stay and drink?” the unhurried waiter asked. They were putting up the shutters. “It is not half past two.” “I want to go home to bed.” “What is an hour?”
“More to me than to him.” “An hour is the same.” “You talk like an old man yourself.He can buy a bottle and drink at home.” “It’s not the same.” “No, it is not,” agreed the waiter with a wife. He did not wish to be unjust. He was only in a hurry. “And you? You have no fear of going home before your usual hour?” “Are you trying to insult me?” “No, hombre, only to make a joke.”
“No,” the waiter who was in a hurry said, rising from pulling down the metal shutters.“I have confidence.I am all confidence.” “You have youth, confidence, and a job,” the older waiter said.“You have everything.” “And what do you lack?” “Everything but work.” “You have everything I have.” “No.I have never had confidence and I am not young.” “Come on. Stop talking nonsense and lock up.” “I am of those who like to stay late at the cafe,” the older waiter said.“With all those who do not want to go to bed.With all those who need a light for the night.” “I want to go home and into bed.” “We are of two different kinds,” the older waiter said.He was now dressed to go home.“It is not only a question of youth and confidence although those things are very beautiful. Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be someone who needs the cafe.” “Hombre, there are bodegas open all night long.” “You do not understand.This is a clean and pleasant cafe.It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves.”
“Good night,” said the younger waiter.
“Good night,” the other said. Turning off the electric light he continued the conversation with himself. It was the light of course but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not want music.Certainly you do not want music.Nor can you stand before a bar with dignity although that is all that is provided for these hours. What did he fear? It was not a fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was a nothing too. It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it all was nada y pues nada y nada y pues nada.
He smiled and stood before a bar with a shining steam pressure coffee machine. “What’s yours?” asked the barman.
“Nada.” “Otro loco mas,” said the barman and turned away. “A little cup,” said the waiter.
The barman poured it for him.
“The light is very bright and pleasant but the bar is unpolished,” the waiter said. The barman looked at him but did not answer.It was too late at night for conversation. “You want another copita?” the barman asked.
“No, thank you,” said the waiter and went out.He disliked bars and bodegas.A clean, well-lighted cafe was a very different thing.Now, without thinking further, he would go home to his room.He would lie in the bed and finally, with daylight, he would go to sleep.After all, he said to himself, it’s probably only insomnia. Many must have it. 46. The young waiter wants to go home to bed mainly because of ________. A. his full confidence B. leaving of the old man
C. his being needed by his family D. his worry about the night-walk. 47. What was the most probable cause for the old man’s suicide? A. He failed in his business. B. He drank too much that night. C. He feared for his soul. D. He felt it was all a nothing. 48. What can we infer from the conversation between the two waiters? A. The elder waiter thought that a man is supposed to be live with dignity. B. The young waiter was impatient with the old man and wanted him to go. C. The young waiter expected the old man to go home steadily with satisfaction. D. The elder waiter refused a clean, well-lighted place to bars and bodegas. 49. Why was the old waiter unwilling to leave the café and go home? A. Because the light was very good and there are shadows of the leaves. B. Because he wanted to have a detailed conversation with the young waiter. C. Because his soul needed a light and a place to get rid of his despair. D. Because there may be someone who needs the café and the night is attractive. 50. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A. A Magical Café with Dread B. An Old Man with Dignity C. A Silent, Beautiful Night D. A Clean, Well-lighted Place 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. D
【解析】本文是海明威短篇小说《一个干净明亮的地方》，描述的是一位老人和两位侍者的故事，其中老人
这一人物形象看似微不足道，但从他自杀和饮酒的两个选择行为来分析，他是个展现了重压之下的优雅风度和精神不败的尊严感的海明威式主人公。两位侍者之间的对话引出了“虚无”这一主题，表明“虚无是对存在的体验，人类只有在内心保持一片干净明亮的地方才能抵御虚无。” 46. C
细节推理题。根据侍者说的I’m not lonely. I have a wife waiting in bed for me.可知年轻侍者想回家睡觉是因为妻子还在等他，家庭需要他。故选C. 47. D
推理判断题。根据“He was in despair.” 和What did he fear? It was not a fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was a nothing too.可知老人自杀的原因可能是孤独绝望，感到虚无。故选D. 48. B
推理判断题。根据“I’m sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o’clock. He should have killed himself last week.”和“I don’t want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those who must work.”可知年轻的侍者不耐烦，希望老人早点走，他也能早点回家。故选B. 49. C
推理判断题。根据“With all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night.”和This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves.” It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order.可知老人不愿离开咖啡馆回家是因为他的灵魂需要一个光明和一个地方来摆脱他的绝望，咖啡馆就是一个这种地方。故选C. 50. D
主旨大意题。文章通过一位老人和两位侍者的故事，表明“虚无是对存在的体验，人类只有在内心保持一片干净明亮的地方才能抵御虚无。” 所以D项：一个干净明亮的地方，适合作为本文标题，故选D. 【名师点睛】
推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：
推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了做出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。
本文主要考查推测文章的观点或结论。小题2考查老人自杀的原因，根据“He was in despair.” 和What did he fear? It was not a fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was a nothing too.可知老人自杀的原因可能是孤独绝望，感到虚无。小题3考查从两个侍者对话中得出的内容，根据“I’m sleepy now. I never get into bed before three o’clock. He should have killed himself last week.”和“I don’t want to look at him. I wish he would go home. He has no regard for those who must work.”可知年轻的侍者不耐烦，希望老人早点走，他也能早点回家。小题4考查老人不愿离开咖啡馆回家的原因，根据“With all those who do not want to go to bed. With all those who need a light for the night.”和This is a clean and pleasant cafe. It is well lighted. The light is very good and also, now, there are shadows of the leaves.” It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order.可知老人不愿离开咖啡馆回家是因为他的灵魂需要一个光明和一个地方来摆脱他的绝望，咖啡馆就是一个这种地方。
第四部分:任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Aside from the health benefits of laughter (which are numerous and significant), having a sense of humor about life’s difficulties can provide a way to bond with others, look at things in a different way, normalize your experience, and keep things from appearing too overwhelming or scary. Properly developed, a good sense of humor can keep people and relationships strong.
Studies show that having a smile on your face can make you feel better, and can lead you to actually feeling happier (rather than just looking happier). Even if the smile is fake, the benefits you will experience are real! Also, a fake smile leads readily to a genuine one. If you are able to put a smile on your face, the laughter will come more easily, and the stress will melt more easily.
If your situation seems ridiculously frustrating, recognize what can develop into humor in just how ridiculously frustrating and annoying it is. In your imagination, take the situation to an extreme that becomes even more ridiculous until you find yourself amused. For example, when you’re waiting in a long line at the store, you can imagine that hours pass, then days, visualizing yourself accepting visits from loved ones from your new home in this ultra-long line, holding your children’s birthday parties in aisle seven so you can be there to enjoy them...you get the
picture.
Besides, find a friend with whom you can laugh also works! You can each share your frustrations, and laugh about them in the process. Even when your friend isn’t there, you can feel less stressed by thinking about the retelling that will come later.
You can have a “most annoying boss” game with your friends, or try to count how many times the same potentially frustrating event happens in a day.(“I was cut off in traffic 7 times today—I’m almost up to 10!”) This works well for predictable or repetitive annoying situations that you can’t control; you can begin to value them in their own special way instead of letting them upset you.
One of the factors that drive the popularity of shows like Modern Family or movies like the classic Ferris Bueller’s Day Off, is that they take somewhat universal situations that many people find frustrating and push them a little further, pointing out the silliness of it all.
What’s more, you can try joining Funny Clubs.Years ago, when Oprah had a show rather than a network, she did a part on Laughter Yoga that interested me, and I researched a club on my own, finding it to be a terrific place to enjoy a good laugh. Whether you mean business or laugh at the silliness of it all, taking part in the exercises of laughter yoga with other humor-participants can be a very effective way to get back in the practice of getting some more laughter into your day.
Title Develop a good sense of humor Developing a good sense of humor concerning _____52_____ in life is an _____51_____ effective coping technique.It leads to better relationship as well as simple stress management. *Start with a _____53_____: It’s shown in the studies that wearing a smile can help you feel happier.The more you laugh, the _____54_____ the stress is Suggestions to melt. *Value the extremes: Imagine the situations to an extreme so that you can recognize the _____55_____ humor. *Have an interesting friend: Share frustrations with your friends. If your friend isn’t with you, _____56_____ the retelling to come can help lighten your moods. *Make it a _____57_____: Value your frustrations in a “most annoying boss” game or count the times of the same potentially frustrating events in a day. *Watch funny shows and _____58_____ Realizing that some _____59_____ frustrating situations are actually funny can help you endure them with a smile-even if it's ironic. *Join laughter yoga clubs: Whether you are taking laughing ______60______ or just laughing at the silliness of it all, joining a laughter yoga club is of much help.
【答案】51. Significance / Importance / Benefits 52. difficulties / challenges 53. smile 54. easier
55. potential / possible / underlying 56. imagine
57. game 58. movies / films 59. universally 60. seriously
【解析】文章讲述了幽默感的重要性及一些培养幽默感的方式。 51. Significance / Importance / Benefits
考查名词。根据后面解释的an effective coping technique. It leads to better relationship as well as simple stress management.可知是在讲幽默的意义，重要性或好处。故填Significance / Importance
/ Benefits.
52. difficulties / challenges.
考查名词。第一段having a sense of humor about life’s difficulties can provide a way to bond with others,可知对生活的困难有幽默感可以提供一种与他人建立联系的方式，根据life’s difficulties可知指的是生活的困难，故填difficulties / challenges. 53. smile.
考查名词。根据第二段Studies show that having a smile on your face can make you feel better中having a smile可知建议我们从微笑开始，故填smile. 54. easier.
考查形容词比较级。根据第二段the laughter will come more easily, and the stress will melt more easily.可知笑声会来得更容易，压力也会更容易融化。故填easier 55. potential / possible / underlying.
学#
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考查动词。根据第四段Even when your friend isn’t there, you can feel less stressed by thinking about the retelling that will come later.中的by thinking about可知是想象以后会发生的复述，故填imagine. 57. game.
考查名词。根据第五段You can have a “most annoying boss” game with your friends可知本段介绍通过和朋友玩游戏的方式使你幽默，故填game. 58. movies / films.
考查名词。根据第六段One of the factors that drive the popularity of shows like Modern Family or
movies like the classic Ferris Bueller’s Day Off可知建议我们看有趣的表演或电影，故填movies / films.
59. universally.
考查副词。根据第六段they take somewhat universal situations that many people find frustrating and push them a little further, pointing out the silliness of it all.中的universal situations可知此处修饰形容词用副词，故填universally. 60. seriously.
考查副词。根据最后一段Whether you mean business or laugh at the silliness of it all中mean business可知表示认真地，严肃地，故填seriously.
第五部分:书面表达 (满分25分)
请认真阅读下面短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
61. There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of the environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped (受阻碍) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will stop to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be proved by the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster (寄养) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. John’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother. 【写作内容】
1.以约30个词概括短文的要点;
2.然后以约120个词就“环境与人的智力发展”的主题发表看法,并包括如下要点:
a.你是否赞同“环境决定智力的发展”这一观点?为什么? b.请举出具体事例说明你的观点; c.你认为如何才能最大限度地发展智力? 【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句; 2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称; 3.不必写标题。 【评分标准】
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】The writer argues in support of the importance of environment in terms of the development of a persons intelligence by giving an example of two twin brothers, who were brought up in different environments.
Personally, I believe environment is crucial to an individual intelligence, as a good environment can offer more opportunities to increase his knowledge and broaden the horizons as well as the chances to practise.
There was such a famous example in Chinese history.Zhongyong, born with a high IQ, distinguished himself by reciting and even writing poems as a child, which astonished others.Unfortunately, his father didnt offer him a good environment to foster him but instead, he often took him everywhere to show off his intelligence.Gradually, Zhongyong became an ordinary person.
Thus, I think we, including our parents, our teacher, even the whole society, should try to
create a good environment for the children to fully develop their intelligence, and for the children, they should also learn to exploit everything available to develop themselves.
【解析】文章要求以约30个词概括短文的要点，短文讲述了两个双胞胎兄弟在不同环境中长大智力发展不同的例子，告诉我们环境对智力发展有影响。然后用约120个词就“环境与人的智力发展”的主题发表看法，内容包括：a.你是否赞同“环境决定智力的发展”这一观点?为什么? b.请举出具体事例说明你的观点; c.你认为如何才能最大限度地发展智力?首先要表明自己的观点，然后用仲永的例子来说明自己的观点，最后说出有效措施。例子用一般过去时，其他内容用一般现在时。
写作时，要观点明确，要点前面，条理清楚，层次分明。还要注意高级词汇和句型的运用来增加文章亮点，如定语从句who were brought up in different environments.和which astonished others.宾语从句environment is crucial to an individual intelligence.词语in support of, in terms of, broaden the horizons, show off等。
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