专业英语四级模拟试卷188(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级模拟试卷188 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 3. CLOZE 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 5. READING COMPREHENSION 6. WRITING

PART I DICTATION (15 MIN)Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute

1．

正确答案： Now you can use any kind of tree to feed your wild friends during the Christmas holidays. Share the bounties of food with the wild birds in your backyard. Decorate a tree in your yard for wild friends. Do this with family or friends to share the good feelings that you will get. Also, you are going to enjoy countless moments of enjoyment as you watch birds enjoy the treats you provided. The custom originated in 16th century, northern Europe. Farmers in Sweden and Norway place sheaves of grain outside during the holidays. If birds feast on the grain, it is considered a good omen for next year’s harvest. The same custom is true in Denmark where wildlife lovers hang bites of beef and bread on trees. In Hungary, people celebrate New Year’s Day with the wild birds by placing trays filled with birdseed and grain.

PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION (20 MIN)Directions: In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.

SECTION A CONVERSATIONSDirections: In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

听力原文：A: So, this is the Internet?B: Well, it’s the World Wide Web, which is part of the Internet.A: Wow…And, uh, what do you use it for?B: Oh, well, I can sit here in my office and do almost anything.A: Like what?B: Well, this morning, the first thing I did when I got up was to turn on the computer. In a couple of minutes, I was reading the newspaper from Chicago.A: Wow.B: Yeah, you can read hundreds of newspapers from around the world.A: That’s amazing.B: That’s just the start. Then I checked my e-mail. There was a message from my dad in Chicago, one from my

sister in San Francisco, and a message from my brother in Hong Kong. My dad’s message was to tell me not to forget my mom’s birthday. So then I sent her an electronic birthday card.A: An electronic birthday card?B: Uh-huh.A: Fantastic.B: I planned to visit my sister in San Francisco during my vacation, so I checked an airline reserve service, picked a flight and booked it, and sent information to my sister.A: Oh, my gosh. And how about your brother’s message ?B: Well, he told me about a big fire in Hong Kong yesterday. To find more about it, I checked an Internet news service, and saw a video footage of it.A: No way. You can see video images through your computer?B: Absolutely.

2． The man did the following through the Internet that day EXCEPT _______. A．received and sent some e-mails B．booked an airline flight C．did some shopping

D．watched a video program

正确答案：C

3． One of the messages the man got was from _______. A．his mother B．his father C．his friends D．his boss

正确答案：B

4． Where did the big fire happen? A．In Hong Kong. B．In Sail Francisco. C．In Chicago.

D．In the man’s office.

正确答案：A

听力原文：M: Are you ready for the trip to the museum in the Big Apple? I can hardly wait.W: The Big Apple? What are you talking about?M: The Big Apple is the nickname for New York City. You are going to New York with us, aren’t you?W: Yes, I’m going. I’m especially looking forward to seeing the Museum of Modern Art. There’s a special show of 20th century American painters there. But, tell me, where did the nickname the Big Apple come from?M: The jazz musicians of the 1920’s are responsible for the name. When they played a concert in a city, they called that city an apple. Of course, New York was the biggest city in the country and the best place for a jazz concert. So, the musicians called it the Big Apple.W: Amazing! New York is such a fascinating place and it even has an interesting nickname, one that it’s had for more than 50 years.

5． Who gave New York its nickname? A．Artists. B．Musicians. C．Grocers. D．Tour guides.

正确答案：B

6． What does the word “apple” in tile phrase “the Big Apple” mean? A．An instrument. B．A concert. C．A theater. D．A city.

正确答案：D

7． How does the woman describe New York? A．As interesting. B．As cold. C．As popular. D．As huge.

正确答案：A

听力原文：M: So Rebecca, what did you do for spring break?W: I went to southern California. I was in Los Angeles and San Diego. Oh, and I stopped in San Juan Capistrano. That’s south of Los Angeles and north of San Diego. I happened to be there just about the time the swallows returned.M: Oh, I’ve heard about that—they always return on the same day, don’t they?W: That’s right, on March 19th. And they always fly away on the same day, October 23rd. In the meantime, they migrate over 7,000 miles to get to their winter home.M: Seven thousand miles—imagine! And always coming back on the same day!W: Yes, except for one year, a long time ago-they were delayed for a day by a storm at sea.M: You sure were lucky to be there on the one day of the year when the swallows return.W: Well, I wasn’t there exactly on that day. I got to town a couple of days latex—but I did see the parade celebrating the swallows’ return.M: They have a parade? The people there must really like those swallows.W: Sure—they bring lots of tourists to town, and besides, the swallows eat insects, including mosquitoes.

8． Where is the town of San Juan Capistrano? A．North of Los Angeles.

B．Between Los Angeles and San Diego. C．East of San Diego. D．Los Angeles.

正确答案：B

9． What can be inferred about the swallows mentioned in the conversation? A．They are a type of insects. B．They are a kind of fish. C．They are a type of bird. D．They are a type of pig.

正确答案：C

10． When do the swallows return to San Juan Capistrano? A．In March.

B．In early slimmer. C．In October. D．In April.

正确答案：A

11． How far do the swallows migrate? A．About 200 miles. B．About 1,000 miles. C．About 7,000 miles. D．About 5,000 miles.

正确答案：C

SECTION B PASSAGESDirections: In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

听力原文： The question of whether dogs have a sense of humor is often fiercely argued. My own opinion is that some have and some haven’t. Dachshunds have, but not St Bernards or Great Danes. Apparently a dog has to be small to be fond of joke. You never find a Great Dane trying to be a comedian. But it is fatal to let any dog know that he is funny, for he immediately loses his head and starts overdoing it. As an example of this I would point to Rudolph, a Dachshund I once owned, whose slogan was “Anything for a Laugh”. Dachshunds are always the worst offenders in this respect because of peculiar shape. It is only natural that when a dog finds that his mere appearance makes the viewing public laugh, he should imagine that Nature intended him to be a comedian. Sometimes Rudolph overplays his sense of humor, a typical example of which is he once stole ducks from a farm nearby and brought complaints on me. It is true that Dachshunds and other dogs have their faults, but they seem unimportant compared with their virtues.

12． According to the narrator, which kind of dogs is thought to have a sense of

humor?

A．St Bernards. B．Great Danes. C．Dachshunds. D．Shepherd dogs.

正确答案：C

13． Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．A dog needs to be small to be fond of joke. B．It is better to let a dog know that he is funny.

C．Some dogs have a sense of humor while others haven’t. D．The merits of dogs outweigh their faults.

正确答案：B

14． Dachshunds are funny in their ______. A．shape B．head C．habit D．mischief

正确答案：A

听力原文： A good marriage means growing as a couple but also growing as individuals. This isn’t easy; marriage has always been difficult. Divorce is so common because people today are unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. They expect easy joy, like the entertainment on TV, the thrill of a good party. Marriage takes some kind of sacrifice, not dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul, but some level of compromise. Some of one’s fantasies, some of one’s legitimate desires have to be given up for the value of the marriage itself. Marriage requires sexual, financial and emotional disciplines. A man and a woman cannot follow every impulse, cannot allow himself or herself to stop growing or changing. A divorce is not an evil act. Sometimes it provides salvation for people who have grown hopelessly apart or frozen in patterns of pains or mutual unhappiness. Divorce can be like the first cut of the surgeon’s knife, a step toward new health and a good life. On the other hand, if the partners can stay past the breaking up of the romantic myths into the development of real love and intimacy, they have achieved a work as amazing as the greatest cathedrals of the world. Marriages that do not fail but improve, that persist despite imperfection, are not only rare these days but offer a wondrous shelter in which the face of our mutual humanity can safely show itself.

15． According to the passage, an ideal marriage life ______. A．requires considerable sacrifice on both partners B．requires that the couple be emotionally involved

C．allows for the growth of the husband and wife as a couple and as two individuals

D．is only an illusion in today’s society

正确答案：C

16． In the speaker’s opinion, a divorce is not an evil act ______. A．if tile marital life is imperfect

B．if it leads to a more worthwhile life for the two person C．if the couple later get married again and find real love D．if the couple live far away from each other

正确答案：B 17． The speaker believes the real cause for the increase of divorces today is that ______.

A．people have too many sources of entertainment B．people have less internal restraints

C．people no longer enjoy family life as they did before D．people do not want to be confined by marital ties

正确答案：B

听力原文： Japanese-style conversations develop quite differently from Western-style conversations. A Western-style conversation between two people is like a game of tennis. If I introduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you to hit it back. If you agree with me, I don’t expect you simply to agree and do nothing more . I expect you to add something—a reason for agreeing, or another example to carry the idea further. I am just happy if you question me, or completely disagree with me. Whether you agree or disagree, your response will return the ball to me. A Japanese-style conversation, however, is like bowling. You wait for your turn. And you always know your place in line. It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a stranger to the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, and so on. When your turn comes, you step up to the starting line with your bowling ball and carefully bowl it. Everyone else stands back and watch politely, giving encouragement. Then, after everyone is sure that you have completely finished your turn, the next person in line steps up to the same starting line, with a different ball. Your ball is not returned.

18． What is the main topic of the passage? A．Indoor sports.

B．Cultural expectations. C．Conversation skills. D．Japanese psychology.

正确答案：B

19． According to the passage, what is the goal of a Western-style conversation? A．An extended exchange of opinions. B．A polite expression of support. C．The defeat of one’s partner.

D．A practical solution to a problem.

正确答案：A 20． In a Japanese-style conversation, when a speaker should start depends on all EXCEPT ______.

A．age B．position C．skill

D．relationship

正确答案：C

21． What is more likely to occur in a Western-style conversation? A．Encouragement. B．Agreement. C．A pause.

D．An interruption.

正确答案：D

听力原文： New Delhi—India has ordered Israel’s only diplomat in India to leave the country. The Indian government ordered the Israeli consul in Bombay, Josef Hassine, to leave within two days. It said Mr. Hassine interfered in Indian affairs with comments he made to an Indian newspaper. The Israeli diplomat reportedly charged that Arab diplomats in India and Indian Moslems force the government to follow anti-Israeli policies. India’s External Affairs Ministry said it is not closing Israel’s diplomatic office in Bombay, but only taking action against Mr. Hassine.

22． What was Israeli diplomat, Josef Hassine charged with? A．Forcing the government to follow anti-Israeli policies. B．Attacking Indian government’s order. C．Interfering in Indian affairs.

D．Making ill comments about Indian External Affairs Ministry.

正确答案：C

23． When should Mr. Hassine leave India according to the order? A．Within 24 hours. B．In 12 hours. C．Within 36 hours. D．Within 48 hours.

正确答案：D

听力原文： (28[C])Some 150 South Korea female college students burned a Japanese flag yesterday in a noisy demonstration outside the Japanese embassy, (29[A])demanding full compensation for World War Ⅱ victims. Platoons of (30[D])South Korea riot police armed with shields and clubs immediately surrounded the demonstrators and formed a human barricade to prevent possible violence. The demonstrators torched a huge Japanese flag scribbled with slogans, demanding that Japanese Prime Minister raise a government fund for Korea war victims. South Koreans have staged weekly protest outside the Japanese Embassy for more than two years, demanding Japan fully compensate World War Ⅱ victims, including “comfort” women forced into sexual slavery for Japanese imperial soldiers.

24． What was true of the demonstrators? A．They were World War Ⅱ victims.

B．They burned a Japanese flag scribbled with their names. C．They were female college students.

D．They were supported by the South Korean government.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。新闻一开始就提到大约150名韩国female college students燃烧日本国旗，所以选C 。

25． The purpose of yesterday’s demonstration was to demand ______. A．Japan’s full compensation for World War Ⅱ victims B．that the Japanese Prime Minister apologize to the Koreans C．that the Japanese government punish the war criminals D．that the Japanese ambassador be expelled

正确答案：A

解析：主旨题。游行示威的目的电就是本条新闻的主旨，因此还要在新闻开头部分寻找：要求赔偿二战的受害者(full compensation for…)。当然新闻结尾重申了这一点。还有其他一些demand…但是那些都是细节，与主要目的一致，因此选项A 正确。

26． Riot police ______.

A．surrounded the Japanese embassy at once B．have encountered such protest for two years

C．were armed with guns and clubs

D．formed a human barricade to prevent possible violence

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。新闻中说道：韩国riot police装备了护盾和警棍，迅速包围了示威者，并组成a human barricade以防止可能发生的暴力行为。这说明选项D 是正确答案。

PART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.

Primary school teachers’ poor 【C1】______ of English and maths is undermining the Government’s literacy and numeracy strategies, an official evaluation has concluded. 【C2】______ in teachers’ knowledge of their subject and weaknesses in their teaching methods are threatening to limit improvements in reading, writing and numeracy, the analysis for the Department for Education and Skills found. The report, 【C3】______ a team of academics from Toronto University, concluded that it was difficult to assess the effect of the 【C4】______ on pupils’ learning. While literacy and numeracy scores had risen significantly between 1997 and 2002, much of the increases had 【C5】______ before the introduction of the two strategies: literacy in 1998 and numeracy in 1999. The team, led by Professor Michael Fullan, also warned ministers against 【C6】______ ever higher targets for schools, arguing that this would backfire when staff began to regard the goals as 【C7】______ . But this advice came too late for the Government, which has already set new and higher targets for primary schools, 【C8】______ failing to meet the previous goals in the summer. Soon after coming to power in 1997, the Labour government set challenging targets which required 80 percent of Il-year-olds to reach a required 【C9】______ in English, and 75 percent in maths, by 2002. But after a strong start, the improvements tailed off and both 【C10】______ were missed. Despite this failure, ministers have repeated their desire to push ahead with more demanding goals that require 85 percent of students to reach the standard in English and maths by 2004. The team of academics highlighted the 【C11】______ of some primary teachers’ knowledge. “For the strategies to succeed in the ways that strategy leaders believe 【C12】______ possible, many teachers will need to be highly skilled and more knowledgeable about teaching literacy and mathematics than is currently the case,” the report said. “The data indicate that for many teachers, gaps or weaknesses in subject knowledge limit the extent 【C13】______ they can make full use of the frameworks and resources of the strategies.” The 【C14】______ also said that the high-profile nature of the targets had had “unintended negative consequences” for primary schools. The team cast 【C15】______ on ministers’ ambition to improve standards further. The pressure on teachers to comply with directives from central government threatened to create a “culture of dependence” that would make it difficult for schools to raise standards once the

ministers’ focus had moved, the report concluded.

27． 【C1】 A．grasp B．grip C．hold D．concern

正确答案：A

解析：单词grasp：understanding；hold。理解，领会，掌握；抓住(与hold同义)。

28． 【C2】 A．Limitations B．Gaps

C．Differences D．Breaks

正确答案：B 解析：这里指的是教师对所教的课程不了解和教学方法差劲的差距。当然不会是限制 (Limitations)，也不会是差别差异(Differences，如果是difference，后面的介词应该是 between)。

29． 【C3】 A．by B．with C．in D．on

正确答案：D

解析：报告是由一组大学教师做出的。根据上下文的意思，其他介词无法在这里使用。

30． 【C4】 A．plans B．reports C．strategies D．methods

正确答案：C

解析：根据上下文，文章谈论的是两种教育战略：一个是读书认字，还有一个是学会计算。可以从上下文里找到关键词，如strategies。

31． 【C5】 A．taken B．produced C．occurred D．recurred

正确答案：C

解析：这里指的是读书能力和计算能力有了很大的增长。而单词occur：happen；take place。

32． 【C6】 A．cutting B．getting C．putting D．setting

正确答案：D

解析：固定词组set... targets for：为……制定目标。可以在文章中前后句子中得到佐证。

33． 【C7】 A．unreal B．untrue C．unrealistic D．false

正确答案：C

解析：单词unrealistic：not practical不符合实际的，不现实的。而不是不真实的，不是假的，虚构的 (unreal；false；untrue)。

34． 【C8】 A．in spite B．just C．while D．despite

正确答案：D 解析：这里意思是“尽管没有能够在夏季达到原先的目标”。如果用单词just可能要用动词不定式fail to do。而单词while一般是用来指延续的动作，前面的谓语动词是瞬间动词come，所以也不能用while。问组in spite of又不完整，缺乏介词of就不能用了，而且下文也提到以前的失败。

35． 【C9】 A．average

B．standard C．stage D．condition

正确答案：B

解析：根据上下文，这里应该是指达到要求的标准。

36． 【C10】 A．targets B．ends C．objects D．intentions

正确答案：A

解析：这里指的是要求达到的两个目标都没能实现。单词object：物体；对象；宾语。如果用单词 objective就是目标了。单词end：结尾，终止，末梢。单词intention：意图，目的。

37． 【C11】 A．weakness B．fault

C．advantage D．failure

正确答案：A

解析：文章开头就提到一些小学教师的弱点。不是错误(fault)，不是教师的失败(failure)。更不是长处或者优点(advantage)。

38． 【C12】 A．be B．is C．are D．to be

正确答案：C 解析：本句可以简化为succeed in the ways that are possible。而strategy leaders believe可以被认为是插入语，相当于定语从句which strategy leaders believe。如果用to be，那么比较符合习惯的表达法应该是用believe something possible，习惯表达中应该是省略to be的。

39． 【C13】 A．for which B．in which C．to which

D．by which

正确答案：C

解析：单词extent一般是用介词to构成词组to an extent：在某种程度上。所以，在定语从句中，依然要保留原来的介词to。

40． 【C14】 A．report B．team C．official D．professor

正确答案：A

解析：这里根据上下义，应该是指多伦多大学教师所做山的那份报告。注意上下意思对正确理解和正确选择的重要性。对文章的总体把握和理解，就在于抓住中心词，关键词。前面一段提到过the report said。所以这里就可以断定是report，而不是其他单词。

41． 【C15】 A．suspicion B．shadow C．doubt D．disbelief

正确答案：C

解析：这里cast doubt on是固定搭配。如果用单词shadow，应该是cast a shadow on，要加冠词。其他两个单词没有这种搭配用法。

PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.

42． He ought to attend the meeting, ______ ? A．should he B．ought he

C．shouldn’t he D．oughtn’t he

正确答案：C

解析：句意：她应该去参加会议的，不是吗?当should和ought to作“应该”之意时，可互换，表示推论。但在疑问句中一般不用ought to而用should，比如：Should we begin?而不会用Ought we to begin?

43． Although ______ Spanish, he attended the course.

A．he was knowing B．he is knowing

C．having a knowledge of D．knows

正确答案：C 解析：句意：虽然只懂一点西班牙语，但他还是参加了这个课程的学习。know是静态动词，不能用于进行时：选knows从句中又缺少主语。knowledge作“知识”讲时是不可数名词，但作“了解”讲时，前面可加域常用于词组have a knowledge of中，所以选C。

44． Frank almost never received any education, ______ ? A．would he B．did he C．didn’t he D．wouldn’t he

正确答案：B

解析：句意：弗兰克几乎从来受过任何教育，是不是?这是—一句含有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反意问句用肯定形式。

45． It was ______ that we felt tired when we arrived. A．a so long travel B．such a long travel C．such a long journey D．such a so long journey

正确答案：C 解析：句意：旅途如此之遇，以致我们到达时都感到很累。ao，such都有“如此”的含义：，so接修饰形容词 (或副词)：much直接修饰名词(或名词短语)。journey可表示有目的与无目的旅行，如果距离甚短不宜用此词，travel用于长期或短期旅行，无论什么目的使用什么工具都行。因此C为正确选项。

46． Don’t go there this afternoon, I’ d rather you ______ tomorrow. A．went B．go C．will go D．would go

正确答案：A

解析：句意：今天下午别去那儿了，我宁愿你明天再去。当主句中的谓语是would rather，would as soon，would just as soon时，其后的宾语从句的谓语应该用虚拟语气，表示现在或将来要做的事，须用一般过去时。

47． Bread and butter ______ . liked by Westerners. A．is B．are C．were D．be

正确答案：A

解析：句意：黄油面包受西方人青昧。bread and butter是四方人吃的一种食品，虽然有三个字，表达的却是一个东西，并且是不可数名词，作单数。

48． The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant’t go together, ______ should the son of a low-class family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman.

A．either B．not C．neither D．nor

正确答案：C

解析：句意：这是明摆着的事； 就像茶叶和香蕉不相搭配一样，下层阶级家庭的儿子也不可能指望娶一个贵族的女儿。neither用于否定句之后，意为“…亦不…”；either用于否定句，意为“(二者之中的)任何一方都(不)…”；nor意为“…也不…(置于否定句之后)”；not在本句中说不通。

49． Mary is 18 years old this year; she ______ 19 next year. A．will be B．is to be

C．is going to be D．should be

正确答案：A

解析：句意：玛丽今年18岁，她明年该19岁了。主语+will(shall可用于第一人称)+动词原形表示一种意愿，表示不以人们意志为转移的，客观上一定会发生的行为或动作，选项B、C均不是此意。

50． While in bed the doctor was telephoned to go back to the hospital because of ______ case.

A．a treatment B．an operation C．an incident D．an emergency

正确答案：D 解析：句意：由于有急症病例，已上床的医生被电话通知回医院。an emergency

case意为“急症病例”，emergency作“紧急情况，突发事件”讲；operation意为“操作，手术”；treatment作“待遇，处理，治疗”讲；incident意为“事件，事变。”因此D为正确选项。

51． Operations which left patients ______ and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.

A．exhausted B．unhealthy C．upset D．fearful

正确答案：A

解析：句意：以前，病人手术后精疲力竭，需长时间才能恢复，现在手术的病人却感到既轻松又舒适。exhausted意为“精疲力竭力的”unhealthy意为“不健康的”；upset意为“苦恼的，不适的”；fearful意为“扭心的，可怕的”。

52． Once you become a soldier, you will be given a monthly ______ by the army.

A．income B．allowance C．wage D．salary

正确答案：B

解析：句意：一旦你成为一名战士，军队会每月发给你津贴费。allowance意为“津贴、补助”；income意为“收入”，泛指；wage意为“(体力劳动者的)工资”；salary意为“(白领人员的)薪水”。战士领取的应是津贴allowance。

53． Since the father died a year ago, there has been ______ in the family about the division of the estate.

A．distinctions B．discord

C．disadvantages D．disappointment

正确答案：B

解析：句意：自从一年前父亲去世，这家人在财产分配上一直有争吵。distinction含义为“区别，区分”；discord含义为“争吵，不一致”；disadvantage含义为“不利之处”；disappointment含义为“失望、扫兴”。四个选项中，只有B最合适。

54． The ______ crown jewels are kept in the Tower of London. A．valued B．valueless

C．invaluable D．usable

正确答案：C

解析：句意：那些无价的皇冠珠宝保存在伦敦塔里。invaluable意为“非常宝贵的，无价的”；valued意为“受重视的；宝贵的”；valueless意为“没有价值的，毫无用处的”；usable意为“可用的，能用的”。

55． Modern ______ perhaps causes more problems than it solves. A．technique B．technology C．tactics D．tendency

正确答案：B

解析：句意：现代技术所引发的问题也许比它所能解决的要多。technique意为“技法；具体的技术”；technology意为“工业技术”；tactics意为“战术，兵法，策略”；tendency意为“倾向”。

56． Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit ______ the expenses of the trip.

A．for B．in C．to D．about

正确答案：C

解析：句意：在游客出发之前，他们花很多时间设定旅途花费的限额。limit常与介词to搭配，作“对……限制”讲；其他介词均不与limit搭配。因此C为正确选项。

57． He cannot ______ a ear, for he does not earn much money. A．obtain B．afford C．donate D．consume

正确答案：B

解析：句意：他买不起小汽车，因为他挣钱不多。afford意为“买得起”；obtain意为“得到，获得”；donate意为“捐，赠”；consume意为“消耗，耗尽”。

58． Jack is so ______ to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed. A．adverse B．anonymous

C．indifferent D．casual

正确答案：C

解析：句意：杰克从不注意自己的外表，衣服从来不烫。indifferent意为“漠不关心的”；adverse意为“不利的，反对的”；anonymous意为“匿名的”；casual意为“非正式的，不拘礼节的”。

59． She stumbled and ______ the coffee. A．spoiled B．spilled C．poured D．splashed

正确答案：B

解析：句意：她绊了一下，咖啡泼了出去。epill意为“溅出，泼出”；spoil意为“损坏，糟蹋”；pour意为“倒灌，注入”；splash意为“飞溅，动作很大”。

60． “Tina looks especially pretty tonight.” “Yes, she always looks her best in ______ of that color.”

A．dress B．a dress C．that dress D．the dress

正确答案：B 解析：句意：“Tina今晚看起来格外荚。”“对，她穿那种颜色的女衫总是特别好看。”可数名词用不定冠词可表示“一”这个数量和一类。某些习惯用语，也常用不定冠词。dress指一切衣服；address表示一件女衫。因此 B为正确选项。

61． He set up in business ______ his own and was very successful. A．in B．of C．on D．by

正确答案：C

解析：句意：他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。on one’s own是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of ne’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如；I have a flat of my own．我自己有套房子。

62． According to the acoustics, continual exposure ______ noise of high intensity would lead to loss of hearing.

A．of

B．with C．to D．by

正确答案：C

解析：句意：根据声学，持续暴露在高强度噪音下，会导致失聪。exposure of sth．含义为“对……的暴露”，而 exposure to sth，含义为“暴露在……”，根据句意，此处应该选择C。

63． Some companies have introduced flexible working time with less emphasis on pressure ______.

A．than more on efficiency B．and more on efficiency C．and more efficiency D．than efficiency

正确答案：B

解析：句意：有些公司采用弹性工作时间制，更注重效率，而不是压力。pressure和efficiency处于并列的位置，所以正确答案是B。and more on efficiency，即more(emphasis)on efficiency。

64． My father is so deaf that he has to use a heating ______. A．help B．aid C．support D．tool

正确答案：B

解析：句意：我父亲耳聋得厉害，不得不使用助听器。aid意为“辅助器具”；help意为“帮助”；support意为“支持”；tool意为“工具”。

65． It is a(n) ______ attitude to take towards life. A．absurd B．silly C．stupid D．authentic

正确答案：A 解析：句意：这是一种荒唐的生活态度。absurd意为“荒唐的；滑稽可笑的”；silly意为“傻的；愚蠢的”；stupid意为“笨的，麻木的”；authentic意为“可靠的；真诚的；真的”。

66． He was totally not aware when the thief ______ his wallet from him. A．tricked

B．stole C．robbed D．deceived

正确答案：B

解析：句意：当小偷偷了他钱包时，他完全没有察觉。steal sth．from sb．符合句子搭配，其他三个词的搭配是：trick sb．out of sth. 骗去某人的东西；rob sb．of sth．抢劫某人的东西；deceive sb．into doing sth．骗某人做某事。

67． We may often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speaker of English does not even have to ______ , as English is not our first language.

A．think out B．think for C．think over D．think about

正确答案：D

解析：句意：由于英语并非我们的第一语言，我们可能常常为英语本族语者认为理所当然的表达方式而感到迷惑。think about意为“考虑，思索”，符合题意。think out意为“想出，琢磨透，深思熟虑”；think for不是固定搭配；而think over则作“仔细想”讲。因此D为正确选项。

68． She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can’t ______ this loud noise any longer.

A．come up with B．catch up with C．keep up with D．put up with

正确答案：D 解析：句意：她将不得不去别处找工作，因为她再也不能忍受这么大的噪音。’put up with意为“忍受，容忍”； come up with意为“(针对问题、挑战)提出，想出”；catch up with意为“赶上”；keep up with意为“跟上(人、潮流、形势等)”。

69． The small mountain village was ______ by the snow for more than one month.

A．cut back B．cut out C．cut off D．cut away

正确答案：C

解析：句意：这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。cut back意为“削减；缩减”；cut out意为“停止；切下”；cut off意为“切断；使隔断”；cut away意为

“切除；砍掉”。

70． “Maria has blisters in her boots.” “She ______ walking such a long distance.”

A．was used not to B．used to

C．is not used to D．did not used to

正确答案：C 解析：句意：“玛丽亚的脚在皮靴里磨出了水泡。”“她不习惯于走那么长的路。”be used to+-ing分词，意为“习惯于……”，-ing分词作动词短语的宾语。used to+动词原形，意为“过去常常……”。因此C为正确答案。

71． In some eases, your instructor may tell you the topics ______ or may give you a choice of top. les to write about.

A．in advance B．ahead of C．above all D．right away

正确答案：A

解析：句意：在有些情况下，你的导师会事先告诉你题目或把题目给你由你选写。in advance意为“事先，预先”；ahead of意为“在…之前”；above all意为“尤其，最重要的是”；right away意为“立刻；马上”。

PART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.

Migration is usually defined as” permanent of sempermanent change of residence.” This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city. Our concern is with movement between nations, not with internal migration within nations, although such movements often exceed international movements in volume. Today, the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants. Students of human migration speak of” push” and” pull” factors, which influence all individual’ s decision to move from one place to another. Push factors are associated with the place of origin. A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine. Obviously, refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors (although pull factors do influence their choice of destination). Pull factors are those

associated with the place of destination. Most of these are economic, such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm, The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the 19th century. In general, pull factors add up to an apparently better chance between several attractive potential destinations, the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relative, friends, or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow. Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call” intervening obstacles”. Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival. The decision to move is also influenced by” personal factors” of the potential migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and personalities. The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another. Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes conflict. The United States and other western countries have experienced adjustment problems with each new wave of immigrants. The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs. It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.

72． According to the passage, pushing factors include the following EXCEPT______.

A．unemployment B．famine C．weather D．war

正确答案：C 解析：细节题。从“A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job，or as traumatic as war，or severe famine．”一句可以看出，推动因素主要有：工作难找、战争、饥荒，并没有提到气候。

73． The author thinks that pull factors______. A．are all related to economic considerations. B．are not as decisive as push factors. C．include a range of consideration.

D．are more important than push factors.

正确答案：C

解析：主旨题，考查对第三段造成人们移居的“拉长”的理解。移居主要与经济因素有关，但也与“non-economic (非经济因素)”有关，因而选项A不符合题意，选项C符合题意。选项B和D是对“推力”和“拉力”的比较，文中未提及。

74． People’s decisions to migrate might be influenced by all the following EXCEPT______.

A．personalities. B．education. C．marital status. D．abilities.

正确答案：B

解析：此题为细节题。线索词为“decision to migrate”，应以此为线索，在文章中快速找寻相应段落。第五段的第一句中含有 decision to move，此句为本段落的主题句。在以下的扩展句中，可依次找到“abilities”、“personalities”和“unmarried young man/ older man with a wife”。只有B项未提及。因此B项为正确答案。

75． Which of the following is not true?

A．Migration of large numbers of people may cause conflict. B．The newest arrivals can hardly get good jobs.

C．Native people often resent newest arrivals because they cannot communicate easily with the latter.

D．Usually it has taken several decades for each group of newest arrivals to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country.

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。根据文章阐述，当地人之所以敌视外来移民是因为他们会造成就业竞争，而不是因为不能与其进行良好的沟通。

Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for reasons of efficiency. According to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information, why do commercials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers are skilful at creating the impression of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness of commercials is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of

sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak levels. Other” tricks of the trade” are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice has more auditory (听觉的) impact in the middle frequency ranges. Advertisers electronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants (辅音) are used, because people are more aware of consonants than vowel (元音) sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly different from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the type of sounds coming from programming, a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example, notice how many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some type. The attention-getting property of commercials can be seen by observing one-to two-year-old children who happen to be playing around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However, when a commercial comes on, their attention is immediately drawn to it because of its dramatic sound quality.

76． According to the passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials______.

A．does not exceed that of programs B．is greater than that of programs

C．varies over a large range than that of programs D．is less than that of programs

正确答案：A

解析：推理题。根据文章第二段最后一句和第一段第二句可知A为正确答案。

77． Many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some kind because______.

A．pop songs attract viewer attention B．it can increase their loudness

C．advertisers want to make them sound different from regular programs D．advertisers want to merge music with commercials

正确答案：C

解析：细节题根据文章第三段倒数第三句可知C为正确答案。

78． One of the reasons why commercials are able to attract viewer attention is that______.

A．the human voices in commercials have more auditory impact

B．people like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound quality

C．high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary message

D．they possess sound qualities that make the viewer feel that something unusual is happening

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句可知D为正确答案。

79． In the passage, the author is trying to tell us______. A．how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attention B．how the loudness of TV ads is overcome

C．how advertisers control the sound properties of TV ads

D．how the attention-getting properties of sounds are made use of in TV ads

正确答案：D

解析：主旨题。综观全文，我们可知本文作者讨论了广告吸引观众的手段，故D最贴近文章中心，而其他选项仅叙述了文章的某个细节。

The three biggest lies in American are: (1)” The check is in the mail.” (2)” Of course I’ 11 respect you in the morning.” (3)” It was a computer error.” Of these three little white lies, the worst of the lot by far is the third. It’ s the only one that can never be true. Today, if a bank statement cheats you out of $900 that way, you know what the clerk is sure to say:” It was a computer error.” Nonsense. The computer is reporting nothing more than what the clerk typed into it. The most irritating case of all is when the computerized cash register in the grocery store shows that an item costs more than it actually does. If the innocent buyer points out the mistake, the checker, bagger, and manger all come together and offer the familiar explanation:” It was a computer error.” It wasn’t, of course. That high-tech cash register is really nothing more than an electric eye. The eye reads the Universal Product Code-that ribbon of black and white lines in a comer of the package-and then checks the code against a price list stored in memory. If the price list is right, you’ I1 be charged accurately. Grocery stores update the price list each day-that is, somebody sits at a keyboard and types in the prices. If the price typed in is too high, there are only two explanations: carelessness or dishonesty. But somehow” a computer error” is supposed to excuse everything. One reason we let people hide behind a computer is the common misperception that huge, modem computers are” electric brains” with” artificial intelligence.” At some point there might be a machine with intelligence, but none exists today. The smartest computer on Earth right now is no more” intelligent” than your average screwdriver. At this point in the development of computers, the only thing any machine can do is what a human has instructed it to do.

80． We are told that a high-tech cash register is really just______.

A．an electric instrument of sight. B．a simple adding machine.

C．a way to keep employees honest.

D．an expensive piece of window dressing.

正确答案：A 解析：细节题，只是选项的表述与原文相比有所变动。关键词为“nothing more than an electric eye”，”nothing more than”意为“只不过，不外乎”。电子眼的具体功能在第四段有具体阐述，简言之，即：“an instrument of sight”。

81． Grocery store price lists are updated by______. A．a scanner

B．a telephone hookup C．an adding machine D．an employee

正确答案：D 解析：问细节，相关语句为“Grocery stores update the price list…somebody sits at a keyboard and types in the prices”，因此是由商店的雇员更新每天的价目表的。

82． According to the passage, if the price in the machine is too high, the cause(s) may be______.

A．a computer error B．carelessness C．dishonesty D．B or C

正确答案：D 解析：细节题。相关语句为“If the price typed in is too high，there are only two explanations：carelessness or dishonesty．But somehow “a computer error”is supposed to excuse everything”，因此，原因应该是人的粗心或不诚实，而不是电脑的错误。

83． Which of the following describes the main idea of the passage? A．Computers are stupid and inefficient.

B．Computer errors are basically human errors.

C．Computer can help department stores update the price list. D．Supermarket price errors are often made through dishonesty.

正确答案：B

解析：本题询问全文的主要内容。原文说明常人所说的“computer errors”实质上是“human errors”。计算机本身谈不上聪明与否，因此A项有误：C项的内容是正确的，但不足以成为全文中心：D项中的“often”过分夸大事实，而且D项也不足以成为全文的中心。

Concern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modem life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shops and factories are discovering the greater efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the” typical” Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creature’ comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality. Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that” assembly line life” will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely (but less productive) old French style. What will happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in life - to joy in the smell of a freshly picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe? Since the late 1950’ s life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and the pursuit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by the triumph of this competitive, goods- oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence. In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modem economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modem, industrial France is preferable to the old.

84． In paragraph 1, the quotation mark used on typical is to express______. A．irony B．contrast C．negative D．quotation

正确答案：B

解析：在typical上加引号，主要是为了表示原来典型的法国人现在的生活现状，以此形成强烈的对比。

85． Which of the following is NOT related to the new French way of life? A．Shorter lunch hour. B．Greater output. C．Creature comforts. D．Leisurely cafe talk.

正确答案：D

解析：此题为是非题。A、B、C三项文中第一段有关法国人的新的生活方式中都有提及。只有D项为”old French style”。

86． In the following description about the critics of the new way of life, what is not true ?

A．They fear that the new way of life will lead to the disappearance of the pleasure of the old French style.

B．The strongest critics are from university students.

C．The strongest critics occasionally express their attitude against the trend with violence.

D．They are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modem economic world.

正确答案：D 解析：D项描述符合拥护新生活方式的法国人的观点，而不是批评者的观点。

87． The passage suggests that______.

A．in pursuing material gains the French are suffering losses elsewhere B．it’ s now unlikely to see a Frenchman enjoying a stroll by the river C．the French are fed up with the smell of freshly picked apples D．great changes have occurred in the life style of all Frenchmen

正确答案：A

解析：此题为推论题。在法国人追求“new way of life”的过程，他们不得不放弃一些“old French style (女 the traditional leisurely midday meal，his sense of personal uniqueness 等等)”。B项陈述一个事实，而文中只是一种“fear”。 C项有悖原文。D项(all Frenchmen)范围扩大，与文中事实(most Frenchmen)有出入。

88． Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? A．Change in the French way of life. B．Criticism of the new life style. C．The Americanization of France. D．Features of the new way of life.

正确答案：A

解析：主旨题。从文章的结构上看，文章首先以法国人生活方式的改变带来的所得开头，然后是所失，最后总结得大于失。得失都是对生活的改变，由此可见A项符合题意。B项以偏概全(只反映出中间的两段)。C项只在第二段有所提及，但这一点没有作为主题来进一步挖掘。D项同样以偏概全。

PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)

SECTION A COMPOSITION (35 MIN)

89． Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a composition of 200 words on the following topic: The Work of Today Must Be Done Today You are to write in three paragraphs. In the first paragraph, state clearly your viewpoint on the issue. In the second paragraph support your viewpoint with details or examples. In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or suggestion.

正确答案： The Work of Today Must Be Done Today I was often told “I will do this work tomorrow. There is much time awaiting for us”. They delayed their work of today till tomorrow and tomorrow’s till the day after tomorrow. At last nothing of their services will be succeeded. I think such a maxim as the work of today must be done today , must be well known to everyone. But why should we finish our work today? We must know that if we work today we would save tomorrow and the day after tomorrow, too. If we delay the work of today we would delay the work tomorrow. Suppose that you give up the exercise of arithmetic or English of today to be finished tomorrow, you will delay the exercise tomorrow to the day after tomorrow. And the same thing will reoccur day after day. At last you will find you are lagged behind. So why should not finish today then?

SECTION B NOTE-WRITING (10 MIN)

90． Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation;You failed to hand in your thesis on time because of illness, Now you come to the professor’ z office, but he b out, Write a note to him, apologizing and explaining why you have missed the deadline. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.

正确答案： June 4, 2000Dear Prof. Smith, I am terribly sorry that I was unable to hand in my thesis last Saturday. I was down with the mumps last week so that I didn’t come to school. Now I have finished my assignment. Since you are not in, I leave it in your letter-box. I hope you can forgive me for my delay in handin6 in it. Yours, Li Jia