09届上海市高三英语一模——选标题

09届上海市高三英语一模——选标题

（宝山） A. A careful analysis biologically B. What is global warming? C. Solution to the terrifying result D. Greater danger of extinction E. Many shocking things were found. F. A shocking report 80.

The earth is getting warmer. People burn coal, oil and gas and this produces carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. These gases, called ―greenhouse gases‖, prevent the heat of the sun from leaving the earth’s upper atmosphere and this makes the earth warmer.

81.

A few weeks ago a group of scientists produced a report about global warming and the natural world. They wanted to find out if global warming was dangerous for plants and animals. According to what they found, the scientists say that during the next 50 years about 25% of land animals and plants will become extinct. More than a million plant and animal species will be extinct by 2050.

82. More than 10% of all plants and animals will become extinct. It is too late to save many plants and animals because of the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere. But the scientists say if we control greenhouse gases now, we could save many more plants and animals from extinction.

83.

The scientists studied some regions of the world with a very rich biology. These regions were Europe, Australia, Central and South America, and South Africa. Their studies showed that species living in mountainous areas had a better chance of survival because they could move uphill, to get cooler. In flat areas, such as deserts, plants and animals would have to move a very long distance to get cooler, so they are in greater danger of extinction.

84.

The scientists found that half of the 24 species of butterflies they studied in Australia would soon become extinct. 60% of the species in the Kruger National Park in South Africa would also die out, and more than 100% of the 300 South Africa plant species they studied would also become extinct. One of the plants in danger of extinction is the national flower of South Africa, the King Protea. They studied 163 tree species in the Cerrado region of Brazil and found that 70 would become extinct. Many of the plants and trees that live in this region live nowhere else in the world. In Mexico, they studied 1,870 species and found that more than 30% of these were in danger of extinction.

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80－84 BFCAE （崇明）

A. B. C. D. E. F. Learn how to resist the temptation Do not make yourself less active Escape your social pressure Amuse yourself in proper places Get support from your friends and family Swear not to smoke Giving up smoking will most likely add seven years to one’s life. While many people try to give up and fail, it is not an impossible task. Follow these five tips, and you will be well on your way to giving up smoking. 80. Success in all fields of life begins with firm determination. If you are weak in willpower, you can never do anything. However, if you make up your mind, once and for all, that you are giving up the habit, whenever you want a smoke, you will remember your promise and not give in. 81. If you sit around doing nothing there is a higher chance that you will light up a cigarette and relax. Fill your spare time with sports and energetic activities. Try to feel how good it is to get your blood circulating and to breathe in air deeply. If you are not the athletic type, then walking will have the same benefit as other kinds of sports. 82. If going to a bar means that you are going to have a drink and then light up, maybe it is better to avoid that place for the time being. Once you have truly stopped smoking and you feel how good it is, you can go anywhere and not be tempted. But while you are in the transition phase, it is better to carefully choose where you will spend your recreational time. 83. Whenever you get a desire to put a cigarette in you mouth, replace it with something that will help you rather than harm you. Drinking small amounts of water throughout the day is not only a good way to help you give up smoking, but it is also a great way to stay healthy. You should drink eight glasses of water per day, if you can. If you need to put something solid in your mouth, then eat a piece of fruit. 84. Tell them that you are giving up smoking for health reasons. Your true friends will support you and not offer you cigarettes. Your family and loved ones will similarly support your efforts and help you to avoid situations where you may feel you have to smoke because of social pressure. E) FBDAE

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（嘉定） A. Ways to learn common sense B. Other factors leading to success C. Making everything simple D. What is common sense E. The most important quality F. Study on secrets to success

80. ________

Is there a ―success personality‖—some winning combination of qualities that leads almost inevitably to achievement? If so, exactly what is that secret success formula, and can anyone develop it? At the Gallop Organization we recently focused in depth on success, probing the attitudes of 1,500 prominent people selected at random from ―Who’s Who‖ in America. Our research found a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers. Here is one of the most important, that is common sense. 81. ________

Common sense is the most significant quality possessed by our respondents. Seventy-nine percent award themselves a top score in this quality. And 61 percent say that common sense was very important in contributing to their success. 82. ________

To most, common sense means the ability to present sound, practical judgments on everyday affairs. To do this, one has to sweep aside extra ideas and get right to the core of what matters. A Texas oil and gas businessman puts it this way: ―The key ability for success is simplifying. In conduction of meeting and dealing with industry reducing a complex problem to the simplest term is highly important.‖ 83. _______

Is common sense a quality a person is born with, or can you do something to increase it? The oil man’s answer is that common sense can definitely be developed. He attributes his success to learning how to debate in school. Another way to increase your store of common sense is to observe it in others, learning from their—and your own—mistakes. 84. ________

Besides common sense, there are many other factors that influence success: knowing your field, self-reliance, intelligence, the ability to get things done, leadership, creativity, relationships with others, and of course, luck. But common sense stands out. If you develop these qualities, you’ll succeed. And you might even find yourself listed in ―Who’s Who‖ someday.

80-----84 FEDAB

(静安)

A. Who does freelancing? 3

B. The pros and cons of freelance C. What is the definition of freelance? D. Key to freelance success E. What is freelancing really like? F. The best way to develop a career 80 Freelance is a word that goes back to medieval times when it was used to describe soldiers who sold their skills to those prepared to pay their market rate. Today it’s an increasingly common way of working for people in a range of occupations and appeals to many who feel constrained by corporate culture. 81 What you gain is freedom of movement, what you can lose is a sense of belonging. You can end up feeling isolated from normal support networks, because suddenly you are responsible for your own welfare, training, safety, career development, equipment, professional updating and a thousand other things, it is easy to remain unaware of these things in the relatively cosseted existence of full-time employment. So before you leap up into this exciting and potentially rewarding way of working, stand back and take a look at the risks. 82 Freelancing has always been a common way of working for writers, artists and performers, but the range of occupations with a substantial number of freelancers is growing steadily. Anyone with a marketable skill can choose to go it alone. Websites offer a free directory listing for those with skills to sell. Their categories include accountants, healthcare consultants, landscape architects and computer trainers. Areas of work that have problems recruiting staff are always keen to employ freelancers. 83. Being a freelance is different from other forms of self-employment — you still work for an employer or several employers but have to develop a completely different set of relationships with them. Employers are now your customers, you are their supplier. You have to become

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indispensable (不可缺少的) to them, providing solutions to their problems, some of which they may not even realized they had. In many ways you have to behave like their dream employee, being more willing and available than you may have got used to whilst in a ―proper job‖.

84. You also have to be aware of, and sensitive to, the fact that you can be seen as a threat by your customer’s conventional employees, who may regard you as taking work they could do. Successful freelancing relies on the co-operation of everyone you come into contact with. Work that brings you into conflict with an existing workforce can be more trouble than it’s worth. 80-84 CBAED （浦东）

A. Teachers should be honest B. Teachers should have good character C. Teachers need patience D. Teachers should be adaptable E. Teachers can never be perfect F. Teachers should be understanding 80. What makes a good teacher? First, the teacher’s personality should be pleasantly live and attractive. This does not rule out people who are physically plain, or even ugly, because many such have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, unfriendly, sarcastic, and frustrated: I would say too, that it excludes all of dull or purely negative personality. I still stick to what I said in my earlier book: that school children probably ―suffer more from an uninteresting person than from a cruel person.‖ 81. Secondly, it is not merely desirable but essential for a teacher to have a genuine ability for sympathy; an ability to touch with the minds and feelings of other people, especially, since most teachers are school teachers, to the minds and feelings of children. Closely related with this is the ability to be tolerant--- not, indeed, of what is wrong, but of the immaturity of human nature which lead people, and again especially children, to make mistakes. 82. Thirdly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths, and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act--- to enliven a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise. Children, especially young children, live in a world that is rather larger than life.

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83. A teacher must remain mentally alert. He will not get into the profession if of low intelligence, but it is all too easy, even for people of above-average intelligence, to stop developing intellectually –– and that means to deteriorate intellectually, a teacher must be quick to adapt himself to any situation, however improbable, and able to improvise(临时应付) if necessary at a moment's notice. 84. On the other hand, a teacher must be capable of great patience. This, I must say, is largely a matter of self-discipline and self-training; we are none of us born like that. He must be pretty resilient; teaching makes great demands on energy. And he should be able to take in the innumerable little irritations(令人恼火的事)that any adult dealing with children has to endure. Teaching is a job at which one will never be perfect; there is always something more to learn about. So, a good teacher can be defined as one who would try his best to be perfect. 80.B 81.F 82.A 83.D 84.C （普陀）

80． At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, the Chinese athlete Liu Xiang equaled the world record for the 110 metres hurdles (跨栏) when he ran the race in 12.91 seconds. This record time had been set in 1993 by British sprinter (短跑运动员) Colin Jackson and 9 years went by before another athlete was able to run as fast. 81． Record-breaking in all track events is slowing down and we appear to be moving much closer to the limits of human performance. Nevertheless, every four years, records which were previously thought to be unbeatable are broken. So what's behind this never-ending improvement in performance? And how long can we keep breaking records? Is there a limit to human performance or will athletes continue to gain seconds? 82． Most experts agree that it isn't the athletes' bodies which have changed but the huge advances in sport science which have enabled them to improve their performances. The individual athlete obviously has to have the necessary skill and determination to succeed, but the help of science and technology can be significant. Research has brought a better understanding of the athlete's body and mind but the advances in sports equipment technology have also had an important impact on human performance. 83． Scientists have shown that an athlete's body's needs vary according to the type of sport. This research has helped top sports people to adapt their training programme and diet better to their particular needs. Running the marathon and cycling, for example, are endurance (耐力) sports and require a different parathion (硝苯硫磷脂) to that of a 100-metre sprinter. In some sports, changes

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in techniques have significantly improved performance. 84． But in any sport, a player's success or failure results from a combination of both physical and mental abilities. Most coaches use psychological techniques to help their athletes cope with stress and concentrate on their performance. For example, the English football team listens to music in the changing rooms before a game to help the players relax and not feel so nervous. Before a difficult match, tennis players are encouraged to use visualization (相象) techniques to build confidence and this is almost as good as practice. 80—84BCDAE （杨浦）

A. More money should be invested on education B. Reading interest should be valued C. Test results show recent years’ progress D. The overall findings on UK children’s reading skills E. Almost no improvement can be found F. Teachers aim at increasing scores

80. A recent review published by the University of Cambridge shows that half a billion pounds spent attempting to raise the standard of English in primary schools in the UK has had almost no impact on children’s reading skills and pupils are losing their love of reading in the drive to improve literacy levels, the Guardian has reported. 81. The first report from the UK National Foundation for Educational Research found that standards in British primary schools compared favorably with other countries’ results. In reading, British primaries were in the top group of countries. Schools Minister Lord Adonis said that the 2007 result in reading showed 84 percent of 11-year-olds achieved the expected level for their age group, up 17 percent since 1997. 82. However, the Durham University study, led by Peter Tymms, concluded that the National Literacy Strategy, which included the ―literacy hour‖ daily English lesson, had made a ―barely noticeable‖ impression on reading standards, which had hardly improved since the1950s. Nick Gibb, the Shadow School Minister, said: ―Millions of pounds have been spent on education but we haven’t seen improvements. As a result, many children particularly those from poorer backgrounds, are not getting the opportunities they deserve.‖

83. Wynn Harlen from the University of Bristol gave warning in his report that teachers were

under great pressure of tests to increase scores by coaching pupils in how to answer questions.

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84. The review also warned that British primary pupils’ relatively high attainment in reading skills was at the expense of their enjoyment of reading. David Laws, the Liberal Democrat schools spokesman, said: ―There should be a real concern that the report shows that enjoyment is being squeezed out of learning. We must not turn out schools into factories producing test results.‖

(E) DCEFB （奉贤）

A. B. C. D. E. F. 76. Every living thing has what scientists call a biological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to leave the protective cocoon and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake. 77. Events outside the plant and animal affect the actions of some biological clock. Scientists recently found, for example, that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur because of the number of hours of daylight. In the short days of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in summer. 78. Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration flight twice each year. Birds prevented from flying become restless when it is time for the trip. But they become calm again when the time of flight has ended. 79. Scientist say they are beginning to learn which parts of the brain contain biological clock. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain seems to control the timing of some of our actions. These cells tell a person when to awake, when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that control other body activities. 80. Dr. Moorhead is studying how our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For

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Out-of-Body Factors on Biological Clocks Brain Cells Controlling Biological Clocks Biological Clocks Controlling Birds Flying Benefits Studying Biological Clocks Inside-Body Factors on Biological Clocks Biological Clocks Controlling Activities

example, most of us have great difficulty if we often change to different work hours. It can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr. Moorhead said industrials officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said such understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and would help increase a factory’s production. （南汇）

A．Suggestions for happiness B．The correlation of love with happiness C．The role of education and income in one’s happiness D．The study of happiness E．The chief factors of happiness F．The ideal happy occasions 80． According to recent polls sixty to seventy percent of Americans consider themselves to be moderately happy and one in twenty persons feels very unhappy. Psychologists have been studying the factors that contribution to happiness. It is not predictable whether a person in an apparently ideal situation is necessarily happy. The ideal situation may have little to do with his actual feeling.

81． A good education and income are usually considered necessary for happiness. Though both may contribute, they are only chief factors if the person is seriously undereducated or actually suffering from lack of physical needs. 82． The rich are not likely to be happier than the middle-income group or even than those with very low incomes. People with college education are somewhat happier than those who do not graduate from high school, and it is believed that this is mainly because they have more opportunities to control their lives. Yet people with a high income and a college education may be less happy than those with the same income and no college education. 83． Poor health does not rule out happiness except for the severely weakened or these in pain. Learning to cope with a health problem can contribute to happiness. Those with a good sex life are happier in general, but those who have a loving affectionate relationship are happier than those who rely on sex alone. Love has a higher correlation with happiness than any other factor. 84． It should be noted that people quickly get used to what they have, and they are happiest when they feel they are increasing their level no matter where it stands at a given time . Children whose parents were happily married have happier childhood but are not necessarily happier adults. The best formula for happiness is to be able to develop the ability to tolerate frustration, to have a personal involvement and commitment, and to develop self-confidence and self-respect. 80—84 DECBA

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（虹口）

A．More attention is usually paid to famous private universities． B．The common experience of the returned Chinese Students C．Many Chinese students want to enter American universities． D．The specialty of American higher education

E．State universities have great educational power as well． F .The chieffeatures ofthe creative spirits in universities

80. The United States has a large，varied，and innovative system of higher education．There are more than 2,300 four-year,degree-granting colleges and universities．There are also more than 1,800 two-year institutions and community colleges．

81 It is varied．The schools of Ivy League are certainly well-known，and many Chinese students desire to attend these seven world-class private universities．Also private are such great universities as Stanford University,the University of Chicago．New Y0rk University,and the University of Southern California．Private Universities originally founded by religious parties are another division．Among the most noted would be Georgetown University,Baylor University,Brighain Young University,and the University ofNo(re Dame．And besides these‘'name”schools there are many others．

82. Fewer Chinese students initially concentrate on the tremendous educational power of the 50 state univemity systems which educate about 80 percent of American students．Each state，depending on the size，has a range of schools…一comprehensive universities，universities that stress science and engineering，liberal arts colleges，and community colleges．Some states hav military colleges. So too have most of the old ―division campuses‖

83．

America’s system of higher education is innovative in two aspects．The first is that American higher education is moving through a creative period of irmovation。There is a new emphasis on flexible curricular and flexible scheduling。Distance learning and continue education…一especially education for professionals in health care，law enforcement，and business，for instance…are developing rapidly．MBA programs that meet on weekends or during the summer have become popular．The second is that in every field at every level it focuses on creative，critical thinking skills and the ability t0 challenge authority and establisbed patterns．

8 4 The returned Chinese students an agree that their greatest challenge was the quick adaptation to a classroom where students ask questions，reply to questions，and state and defend points of view．Students challenge and defend one another’s papers in graduate seminars．Later their research and papers must go through the view of their classmates．The retained Students all hold the view in common，saying that一一一alter the initial classroom shock---一learning these creative thinking and presentation skills was the greatest reward of their time of study in the United States.At a time when Chinahas embraced opening and reform，there can be no greater need．

80—84 DAEFB

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（闸北）

A．How important is it to spend some time alone? B．Does friendship last long?

C．What are the most important qualities for friends? D．What other types of relationship are important in life? E．What causes friendship to break up?

F．Which are more important to people，family or friendship?

An interview with a famous educator

80. Good friends listen to each other．They try to understand your feelings and help you solve problems．Good friends are dependable and trustworthy．They don’t put you down or hurt your feelings．Good friends respect each other and they speak the truth．They give you compliments when you succeed and also disagree when you are doing wrong． 81 Both family and friends are important，but they play different roles in people’s lives．On the one hand，people grow up and get initial education from their family．Family provides them with the basic things…food，clothes and shelter．On the other hand，friends may understand each other better than family．They spend a lot of time together and exchange ideas often． 82 Friends often break up for two reasons．First，they lose trust in each other．If friends don’t trust each other or even turn against each other，they can no longer be friends． Second，they enter too much into each other’s life．If they don’t respect each other’s privacy，they will lose their friends． 83 Apart from friends or family，colleagues are also important．Nowadays people don’t always stay at home or spend all the time with their friends．They work outside and have to deal with their colleagues and bosses．It’S very important tO form good relationships with these people because it can greatly help with your career． 84 It’s very important for a person to spend some time alone．When you are with people，you are affected by them and can’t behave like your true self．So，a person needs to spend some time alone．Read some books，drink some coffee，or go into the woods，and you will get refreshed and be able to set clear goal for your life． 80-84 CFEDA

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