高考英语一轮起航阅读理解练习(11)

阅读理解。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Early on Saturday morning, one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded hit central Chile. The powerful quake killed more than 800 people, destroyed or badly damaged 1.5 million homes and affected almost 2 million people.

The 8.8-magnitude earthquake struck around 3:34 a.m., jolting(震摇) people awake all over the country. The earthquake came from underwater, off the coast of Chile.

Fernando Abarzua was in one of the many buildings that collapsed(倒塌) there. “I was on the eighth floor and all of a sudden I was down

here,” he said, adding that he was surprised to have escaped with no major injuries.

The earthquake triggered(引发) a tsunami that swept across the Pacific Ocean, setting off warnings in 53 countries. In the end, the tsunami's waves caused major damage and several deaths in Chile but nowhere else.

Dozens of aftershocks, or smaller earthquakes, rattled(使颤动) the area in the days following Saturday's massive quake.

Chile has a history of earthquakes. The largest recorded earthquake in the world—a 9.5-magnitude quake—struck the country in May 1960. Since 1973, there have been 13 quakes there with a magnitude of at least 7.0. As a result, Chile's newer buildings were built to withstand(经受住) the shocks.

That is one reason that Chile's quake—though 500 times stronger—has caused much less damage than the earthquake that struck Haiti in January.

On Sunday, Bachelet ordered troops in Chile to help hand out food, water and blankets and to clear rubble(瓦砾堆)from the roads. Temporary hospitals were planned for the hardest-hit areas.

She later requested help from the international community. On Monday, the United Nations prepared earthquake relief efforts as well as 30 tons of food and other help.

Even before Bachelet's request, President Obama announced that the

U.S. was prepared to help. “The United States stands ready to assist in the rescue and recovery efforts,” he said. 60. The passage mainly tells us .

A. how the world helped Chile after its earthquake

B. a massive（巨大的） earthquake rocked Chile and the response to

it

C. hundreds of people died after the Chile’s earthquake D. the poorest country-Chile was destroyed completely 61. According to the passage, we know Fernando Abarzua is .

A. brave B. devoted C. lucky D. kind 62. Which of the following could be the main and direct reason that caused less

damage in Chile than that in Haiti? A. Help came in time.

B. Chile's people had got the news before the earthquake. C. Chile is richer than Haiti.

D. Most of the buildings in Chile can bear the shocks. 63. The passage most probably appears .

A. in a newspaper B. in a magazine

C. in a history book D. in an advertisement 阅读理解-------------D

Google on Tuesday said it reached a settlement in a group action suit

（诉讼）against the search giant over privacy breakings related to its Buzz socials networking program.

In the settlement, Google agreed to pay $ 8.5 million into a fund （基

金）for privacy education the company made clear that the agreement did not include cash payments to users.

Buzz, started last February as an application within Gmail, in some cases exposed the lists of persons touched and other data of users to other Gmail users.

How did the company warn users that they were included in the

settlement? By Gmail of course.

“Google rarely inform Gmail users via email, but this time we let you know that we’ve reached a settlement regarding Google Buzz,” the firm said in messages sent to its U. S. users. Some analysts think the company has 170 million Gmail users worldwide.

“The settlement acknowledges that we quickly changed the service to address users’concerns,” Google wrote.

Google said that everyone in the United States who uses Gmail was included in the settlement unless they decide to take no party before December 6, 2010. On January 31, 2011 the U. S. distriet Court for the Northem District of California in San Jose will hold a fairness hearing on the settlement.

Google is under increasing pressure from federal regulators (监管

者) for privacy problem involving Buzz and its Street View mapping service. Last week, the FTC closed its looking into Google’s collection of Wi – Fi data with Street View mapping cars, saying the company had

made sufficient promises to get rid of data it collected and strengthen its privacy training among employees.

58．“the search giant” in the first paragraph refers to A．Buzz B．Gmail

C．Google

D．Street View

59．What will Google do to protect its users’ privacy? A．Further educate its staff.

B．Pay cash to its users.

C．Hold a fairness hearing. D．Stop collecting its

users’ data.

60．According to the passage, .

A．Google was accused of cheating its users. B．Google users are all affected by the settlement

C．Google often sent a message to its users throughout the world D．Googles’ Street View mapping service is questioned by federal regulators

【答案】 58-60: CAD

阅读理解-----C8[2012·全国卷Ⅱ]

You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really

not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be

quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

First, you must ask yourself，“Where is the wind coming from? Is

it coming from ahead or behind or from the side？” You must think about

this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do

with the sail.

Let's start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind

and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep

the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90°angle(角度)to the boat.

Then it will catch the wind best.

If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45°angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap(摆动)．It shouldn't look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is

possible, but you can't go in a straight line. You must go first in one

direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are

tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

45. What should you consider first while sailing?

A．Sailors' strength. B．Wave levels.

C．Wind directions. D．Size of sails.

46．What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The boat. B．The wind.

C．The sail. D．The angle.

47．What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

A．Move in a straight line. B．Allow the sail to flap. C．Lower the sail. D．Tack the boat.

48．Where can you probably find the text? A．In a popular magazine. B．In a tourist guidebook. C．In a physics textbook. D．In an official report.

【要点综述】本文主要介绍了航行中关于风向的问题。首先要考虑风向，然后再根据风是从船的后面，侧面还是前面来确定航行的方法。

45. C 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句话 “And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.”和第二段的内容，可知首先要考虑风向的问题。A项是不需要考虑的，B项和D项没有提及。

46. C 代词指代题。结合第四段中“In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat.”中的the sail可知后面的it指的是“风帆”。而不是“船”，“风”或“角度”。

47. D 细节理解题。从最后一段的“You may want to go in that direction.…This is called tacking.”可知是逆风航行的时候要不断地改变

方向，因此选D。

48. A 推理判断题。本文主要涉及的是大众的航行运动的知识，而不是有关旅游和物理方面的知识，也不是一个官方的报告，因此选A。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

How to improve my life? Many people think that they have to accept whatever life throws at them. They'll say, \"This is my fate, my destiny. I cannot change it.\"

Of course not! You don't have to suffer needlessly. Your destiny depends on you, not on any other external factors.

I know someone who says she just accepts what life gives her because she has done everything she can to improve it. Guess what her lifestyle is? She wakes up in the morning, goes to work, comes back home, relaxes, chats with people, watches TV, then goes to sleep. Next day, the same routine cycle follows.

Huh! Is this what she calls \"doing her best\"? She believes she has tried her best and just accepts it in her heart that this is the life that God has intended for her to live; that her luck can only change if

God wills it. Of course God wants us to be happy and live our life to

the fullest, but we have to do our share of exerting(运用) the effort to live the life of our dreams. Remember that you reap what you sow. You just don't sit around and wait for a million dollars to fall from the sky. You have to get off the

couch, get your eyes off the TV screen, get your hands off the phone. Don’t expect your luck to change unless you do something about it. If something goes wrong, don't just regard it as a temporary setback; but use it as feedback. Learn your lesson, make the most of the situation, and do something to solve the problem. It's not enough to think positively; you also have to act positively.

If someone's life is in the trouble, do you just hope and pray that things will turn out fine? Of course not! You get to do anything you can to save the person. So it is with your own life. It is not enough to hope for the best, but you have to do your best. In other words, don't just stand (or sit ) there, do something to improve your life.

1

According to the woman mentioned in Para.3, her life ____________. A. Doesn't need improving B. couldn't be improved

C. will be better some day D. Will be worse in the future 2 What does the author think of the woman's life?

A. positive B. satisfying C. colorful D. passive 3.Which of the following statements is the author's opinion? A. Your temporary problem is not discouraging. B. Your luck can be changed by your efforts

C. You can only achieve success when God wills it.

D. You should treat yourself in the way you treat friends. 4

In Para.5, the author emphasized the importance of _____________.

A. positive action B. positive thinking C. hope for the best D. intention to succeed

5 The text is mainly written to advise you to ____________. A. understand yourself B. improve your life C. believe in yourself D. change your normal way A篇【解析】

B。细节理解题。根据第三段的“she just accepts what life gives her because she has done everything she can to improve it”和第四段的“She believes she has tried her best and just accepts it”，可知该女子接受现在的生活是因为她认为她已经尽力，但生活却未能改变。

D。作者态度题。作者认为该女子只是重复日常活动，并没有“doing her best”，所以是passive (消极的)。

B。细节理解题。根据第五段的“Don’t expect your luck to change, unless you do something about it”，可知B为正确答案。

A。细节理解题。第五段主要强调行动，而不仅仅靠运气、思想或希望。尤其是根据末句的“It’s not enough to think positively; you also have to act positively”，可知A为正确答案。

B。文章意图题。从文章的首句和尾句可以得到提示。 阅读理解----- (2011·辽宁卷，D)

The Coalition for the Homeless is an organization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.It is a network of offices，some of which provide food and houses for the

homeless population，and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.According

to the Coalition's studies，of over two hundred million people living in the United States，up to three million are homeless—and the number is still growing.Since the late 1970s，fast­rising house prices，large cuts in government supported housing programs，and economic recession(经济衰退) have made it impossible for many Americans to meet housing costs.Sadly，this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to

leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes.According to another research，families with children appear to be the

fastest­growing part of the homeless population，making up 39% of it.The old idea of a homeless person，that of the single man who gets drunk all

the time，is no longer true.A much larger part of the population now finds itself homeless.Even worse，once a person becomes homeless，he often finds

it impossible to find a job，since most employers require anyone who wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application.

本文记叙了无家可归者联盟试图帮助解决无家可归人的需要。为他们提供

食物和房屋，为他们的权力而战。从二十世纪七十年代以来，由于房价上升，支持减少，经济衰退，使无家可归者越来越多，更糟的是，他们找不到工

作。 17．The underlined word “address” in the first line probably means

“______”． A．talk about B．deal with C．fight for

D．write to

答案：B。词义猜测题。从下文可知，该联盟提供给无家者食物，房子，即表明该联盟在努力满足和解决无家者的需求。故B项正确。

18．How many people are homeless in the U．S.according to the Coalition

studies? A．39% of the population. B．200 million people.

C．About 3 million people. D．About one­fifth of the population. 答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第三句话可知，有两亿人口，其中有多达

三百万人无家可归，且这个数还在上升。 19．Homeless people often have difficulty finding a job

because______. A．they have no home addresses

B．they mostly have a drinking problem

C．they aren't supported by government programs D．they often don't have enough work experience

答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知，因为大多数雇主要求找工作的人在申请表上填上家庭住址，所以无家可归者发现他们不可能找到工作。

20．What is the main cause of the rising number of the homeless in the U．S.?

A．The passing of new housing laws. B．The fast growth of family size.

C．The slow construction of houses. D．The ever­rising price of housing.

答案：D。细节理解题。根据第四句话可知，从20世纪70年代，房价快速增长，使许多人不可能满足住房费用，从而使更多的人无家可归。