河北专接本英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷13(题后含答案及解析)

河北专接本英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷13 (题后含答案及解析)

全部题型 2. Reading Comprehension

Reading Comprehension

People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship. Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic(预言的)because a few have come true; they neglect or fail to notice the many that have not. Consider also the belief that “the phone always rings when I’m in the shower.”If it does ring while you are in the shower, the event will stand out and be remembered. If it doesn’t ring, that nonevent probably won’t even register(留下印象). People want to see order, pattern and meaning in the world. Consider, for example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths “happen in threes.”Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that counts as their “happening together” is one month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. Flexible end points reinforce such beliefs. We also tend to believe what we want to believe. A majority of people think they are more intelligent, more fair-minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person. Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably is that we use criteria that work to our advantage. As economist Thomas Schelling explains, “Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values: careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and those who are polite give weight to courtesy.” This way everyone ranks high on his own scale. Perhaps the most important mental habit we can learn is to be cautious(谨慎的)in drawing conclusions. The “evidence”of everyday life is sometimes misleading.

1． In the first paragraph the author states that______.

A．dreams cannot be said to be prophetic even though a few have come true B．dreams are prophetic because some of them did come true C．dreams may come true if clearly remembered D．dreams and reality are closely related

正确答案：A 涉及知识点：阅读理解

2． By” things like...” “happen in threes”(Para.3, Line 2), the author indicates that people believe

A．personal misfortunes tend to happen every now and then

B．personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths usually happen together C．misfortunes tend to occur according to certain patterns

D．misfortunes will never occur more than three times to a person in his lifetime

正确答案：C 涉及知识点：阅读理解

3． The word “courtesy”(Para)4,Line probably means______. A．good manners B．appropriate speech C．friendly relations D．satisfactory service

正确答案：A 涉及知识点：阅读理解

4． What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Happenings that go unnoticed deserve more attention.

B．In a series of misfortunes the third one is usually the most serious. C．People tend to make use of evidence that supports their own beliefs.

D．Believers of misfortunes happening in threes are cautious in interpreting events.

正确答案：A 涉及知识点：阅读理解

5． It can be concluded from the passage that______. A．there is some truth even in the wildest dreams. B．one should take notice of other people’s merits. C．there is no order or pattern in world events.

D．we should not base our conclusions on accidental evidence.

正确答案：D 涉及知识点：阅读理解

Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away____straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared(红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest(害虫)problems. Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern

about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,” says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired form the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

6． Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are ______. A．sprayed with pesticides B．in poor physical condition C．facing an infrared scanner D．exposed to excessive sun rays.

正确答案：B 涉及知识点：阅读理解

7． In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to______.

A．locate the problem area B．draw a color-coded map

C．measure the size of the affected crops D．estimate the damage to the crops

正确答案：A 涉及知识点：阅读理解

8． Farmers can save considerable amount of pesticide by______. A．transforming poisoned rain

B．consulting infrared scanning experts C．resorting to spot-spraying

D．detecting crop problems at an early date

正确答案：C 涉及知识点：阅读理解 9． The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties due to______.

A．the lack of official support B．its high cost

C．its failure to help increase production D．the lack of financial support

正确答案：D 涉及知识点：阅读理解

10． Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because

of______.

A．growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops B．the desire of fanners to improve the quality of their produce C．the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture D．full support from agriculture experts

正确答案：A 涉及知识点：阅读理解

With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That’s a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark(诺亚方舟).” Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A&M’s College of Veterinary Medicine and a pioneer in embryo(胚胎)transfer work and related procedures, says he salutes the Chinese effort and “I wish them all the best success possible. It’s a worthwhile project, certainly not an easy one, and it’s very much like what we’re attempting here at Texas A&M—to save animals from extinction.” Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen(精子)and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future. It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles(爬行动物)will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years. This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal. The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete. “The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity Project at Texas A&M, the first ever attempt at cloning a dog. “They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly applaud their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”

11． The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to______. A．implant embryo into a host animal

B．salute the Chinese efforts in saving pandas C．save endangered animals from extinction

D．introduce cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit

正确答案：C 涉及知识点：阅读理解

12． How long will the Chinese panda cloning project take according to the passage?

A．1 Year.

B．3 to 5 years. C．2 years. D．25 years.

正确答案：B 涉及知识点：阅读理解

13． The word “groundbreaking”(Paragraph can be interpreted as______. A．essentially new B．pioneering C．evolutionary D．epoch making

正确答案：B 涉及知识点：阅读理解

14． What could be the major problem in cloning pandas according to Professor Kraemer?

A．Lack of available panda eggs. B．Lack of host animals.

C．Lack of qualified researchers. D．Lack of funds.

正确答案：A 涉及知识点：阅读理解

15． The best title for the passage may be ______. A．China—the Native Place of Pandas Forever B．China’s Efforts to Clone Pandas C．China’s First Cloned Panda

D．Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas

正确答案：B 涉及知识点：阅读理解

Astronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound(为地球引力所束缚的)experience in the summer of 1980 when he participated in the NASA ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss, then a science teacher at West Point, was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Center’ s propulsion lab in Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump seal on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly

tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results for the astronauts who relied on them. “I worked a bit with NASA engineers,” says Voss, “but I did it mostly by analysis. I used a handheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic(热力学的)analysis.” At the end of the summer, he, like the other NASA ASEE fellows working at Marshall, summarized his findings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status. It was not an easy process. Voss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1978. Over the next nine years he reapplied repeatedly, and was finally accepted in 1987. Since then he has participated in three space missions. The 50-year-old Army officer, who lives in Houston, is now in training for a four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000. Voss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. “It brings in people from the academic world and gives NASA a special property for a particular period of time. It brings some fresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and establishes a link with our colleges and universities,” Voss explains. “There’s an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important.” For the academic side, Voss says, the ASEE program also “brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real world problems and take it back to the classroom.”

16． Why was the hydraulic fuel pump seal important for the space shuttle? A．Because previous seals all failed.

B．Because it was very complex in running the space program.

C．Because great care has to be taken of the hydraulic fuel pump sealing.

D．Because any crack in the seals would cause disastrous results for the astronauts.

正确答案：D 涉及知识点：阅读理解

17． The great significance of Voss’s findings lies in ______. A．strengthening his determination to join in space flights B．furthering his understanding of NASA

C．consolidating his astronaut status in NASA programs D．Both A and B

正确答案：D 涉及知识点：阅读理解 18． How many flights will Voss have finished if his four-month mission starting in July 2000 ends up successfully?

A．Three.

B．Two. C．Four. D．Five.

正确答案：C 涉及知识点：阅读理解

19． Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to what Voss said on the ASEE program?

A．Fresh members from the academic world participate in the program. B．The program brings new outlooks to NASA space programs.

C．It is important for the space scientists to exchange information and perspectives.

D．American colleges and universities are a special property of NASA.

正确答案：D 涉及知识点：阅读理解

20． What does Voss want to stress in the last paragraph? A．The technological significance of the program. B．The educational significance of the program. C．The philosophical significance of the program. D．The historical significance of the program

正确答案：B 涉及知识点：阅读理解