高级英语第二册答案

高级英语第二册答案

【篇一：高级英语练习题含答案(第二册) (4)】

>inaugural address

i. choose the one which best explains the word given:

1. inaugural

a. holy and sacred place in a church

b. formal speech made by a person on taking office

c. shelter from trouble, danger

d. talk for the purpose of teaching 2. sovereign

a. self-governing b. self-sufficient

c. self-centeredd. self-respected

3. subversion

a. rebuilding b. succession

c. destroying d. salvage

4. invective a. beautiful words b. facial expressions

c. convincing speechd. abusive language

5. invoke

a. call forth b. take down

c. put up d. take the form of

6. prescribe

a. order or direct b. produce

c. protect d. agree

7. tribulation

a. contributionb. delivery

c. distribution d. great difficulty or trouble 8. adversary

a. a person who gives advice b. a friend

c. an enemyd. a listener

9. civility

a. rough manners b. polite behaviour

c. polite citizend. rude person

10. engulf

a. swallow upb. consider about

c. clean up d. imprint on

11. heed

a. rise on feetb. strike on the head

c. give new life and strength d. pay attention to

12. shield

a. person or thing that protects

b. a court order prohibiting or ordering a given action

c. a person or animal inhabiting a specified place

d. an apparatus used in inhaling medicinal vapors

13. asunder

a. from below

b. apart in direction or position

c. in or to a low place

d. from an upright position

14. belabour

1

a ask sb. to work hard

b. set upon with too much talk

c. furnish with power

d. force upon others

15. eradicate

a. cut into many small parts

b. go round in circle

c. draw together into a small space

d. put an end to; destroy 16. observe

a. celebrateb. preserve

c. orate

17. almighty

a. intensive

c. instructive

18. symbolize a. make signal

c. represent

19. undoing

a. showing c. cover 20. permit

a. fill in

c. get into

21. commit

a. pledge

c. refrain

22. host

a. a few

c. house

23. alliance a. domination

b. disintegration

24. cast a. insert

c. throw

25. prey

a. victim

c. address

26. aggression

a. defence

c. injury

27. outpace

a. fall behind

c. walk outside

28. anew

a. once more

c. famous

29. testimony

a. evidence

c. liberationd. help b. all-powerful d. all-round b. show pity d. presentb. laziness d. destruction b. consent d. explain b. omit d. repeat b. multitude d. exclusion b. transactiond. associationb. falld. leapb. require d. beg b. invasion. d. disclosure b. step out d. surpass b. stranged. weary b. witness d. trial 2

30. inspection

a. prediction b. warm speech

c. expectationd. examination

ii. write down the word according to the definition. the first letter is given:

1. the sense of right and wrongc

2. the largest or greatest number, amount, etc. m

3. drawn up ready for battlee

4. to express clearly and exactly f

5. that which has been or may be inherited h

6. to take an oath s

7. the quality of being generous g

8. any public place in which discussions take place f

9. formal written order in the name of a court of law, government, or other

authority, directing a person to do or not to sth.w

10. to do away with completely a11. either half of the celestial sphere as divided by the ecliptic, the celestial equator,

or the horizon.h12. a group of persons gathered together for a common reason, as for a legislative,

religious, educational, or social purpose. a

13. to confer with another or others in order to come to terms or reach an agreement

n

14. the act of suspecting something, especially something wrong, on little evidence

or without proof. s

15. to keep in perfect or unaltered condition; maintain unchanged.p16. to call togethers

17. feelings of devoted attachment and affection l

18. be delighted r

19. a conscientious or concerted effort toward an end; an earnest attempt e

20. ardent, often selfless affection and dedication d

21. something promoting or contributing to happiness, well-being, or prosperity; a

boon b22. the act or an instance of seeking or pursuing something; a search. q23. to release or loose from or as if from a leash u

24. to give warning toa

25. free or almost free from change, variation, or fluctuation; uniform st26. to have meaning or importances

27. deeply earnest, serious, and sober s

28. a solemn, formal declaration or promise to fulfill a pledge, often calling on god

or a sacred object as witness o29. a person from whom one is descended; an ancestor f

30. an adversary; an opponentf

iii. reading comprehension:

1. in what way is the world different according to kennedy?

a. in the way that the cold war was in its height.

b. in the way of science and technology

c. in the way that human rights are still at issue.

d. in the way of revolutionary belief.

2. kennedy ’s specific policy towards the poor countries is _____. 3

a. to help them help themselves.

b. to make them our adversary.

c. to pledge the loyalty of faithful friends

d. to convert good words into good deeds.

3. which statement is not true?

a. both sides are overburdened by the cost of arms race.

b. both sides are made conscious of the wide spread atom bombs.

c. both sides do not feel easy at the present situation.

d. both are trying to keep this uncertain balance of terrible military power.

4. in his line “let the word go forth from this time and place” , the word means ____

a. the word from the bible

b. the word from god

c. kennedy’s word

d. the forefather’s word

5. kennedy’s “alliance for progress” is the policy towards ______.

a. the newly independent countries

b. the third world countries.

c. the united nations

d. the latin american countries.

iv. translation:

1. 他们的友谊是在困难时期由于同甘苦共患难而结成的。(forge)

2. 他为发展两国之间的联盟和协作关系作出了巨大的贡献。(alliance)

3. 科学以现象为根据。(rest)

4. 我是因兴趣才集邮的，并不是为了赶时髦或消磨时间。(out of )

5. 他的记忆力随着病情的恶化逐渐减退。(push back)

6. 如果你不改过自新的话，那你总有一天会坐牢的。(end up)

7. 法律规定了开汽车应遵循的规章。(prescribe)

8. 北京已经决定选择高科技部门作为经济发展的新举措，因此，一些如电子，信息，新的

建筑材料，微生物工程以及新药工业都将给投资者以优惠。

9. 正如我们大家都知道的那样，在这个复杂多变的世界里对于人民来说，信息需求至关重

要。谁拥有准确，可靠，最新的信息来处理日常发生的问题以及人们在业务，社会，家庭中的关键问题，谁就能生存，而且能成功。

10. 今日的电话作为世界上最普遍的传声通讯工具和当年贝尔发明的简陋装置相比是无与

伦比的精致和有效。 今天使用电话的方式是贝尔当年所不可能预见到的。

11. 在过去，例如世界银行等国际发展组织几乎只是支持机动化的工程项目提供资金，以此

作为满足发展中国家运输需要的一种策略。

12. 阅读是一种私人的，而不是集体的活动，作家仅同安心静坐的人在沟通。 讲演者则是

同一群人在讲话，而这群人已经是受到盲从和迷幻剂的影响，他们已在他控制之中，如果他是一个行家，他就可以任意摆布他们。

4

key to lesson four

translation:

1. their friendship was forged by sharing comforts and hardships during the hard times.

2. he made great contribution to the development of alliances and

cooperative associations of the two countries.

3. science rests on phenomena.

4. i collect stamps out of real interest, not just following the fashion or just killing time.

5. his memory was pushed back gradually with the worsening illness / the deterioration of his ill health.

6. if you dont correct your mistakes and turn over a new leaf, youll end up in prison.

7. the law prescribed the rules by which automobiles may be driven.

8. beijing has decided to select the high-tech sector as its new growth measure of economic development, so preference will be given to investors in such industries as electronics, information, new building materials, micro-biological engineering and new medicines.

9. as we know, in this world of change and complexity, the need for information is of greatest importance. those people who have accurate, reliable up-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems, the critical problems of their business, social and family life, will survive and succeed.

10. now the most common means of voice communication in the world, the

telephone of today is infinitely more sophisticated and effective than the crude instrument developed by bell, and it is being used in ways he could not possibly have foreseen.

11. in the past, international development institutions like the world bank have almost exclusively funded projects supporting motorizations as a strategy to meet transportation needs of the developing nations.

12. reading is a private, not a collective activity. the writer speaks only to individuals, sitting by themselves in a state of normal sobriety. the orator speaks to masses of individuals have already been affected by blindness and illusion. they are at his mercy (under his control) and, if he knows his business, he can do what he likes with them.

5

【篇二：高级英语第二册第十单元练习答案】

p> １. harold e. (edmond) stearns (11--1943), in america and the young intellectuals(1921),stated the credo of the post-war generation in the united states, which he said does dislike, almost to the point of hatred, and certainly to the point of contempt, the type of people who dominate in our present civilization a definitive statement of the attitude appeared in the symposium that he edited, civilization in the united states: an enquiry by thirty americans (1922). with his return from expatriation from france and growing awareness of social action in

place of escape, described in the street i know (1935), he prepared a new manifesto, america :a re-appraisal (1937), again a symposium by leading critics. (note: there is a misprint in exercise i. the name steam should be stearns. )

2. gertrude stein (1874--1946), american author and patron of the arts. a celebrated personality, she encouraged, aided, and influenced -- through her patronage as well as through her writing -- many literary and artistic figures. in 1902 she went abroad and from 1903 until her death lived chiefly in paris. in paris, stein became interested in modern art movements; she encouraged and purchased the work of many new painters, including picasso and matisse. during the 1920s she was the leader of a cultural salon, which included such writers as hemingway, sherwood anderson, f. scott fitzgerald, all of whose works she influenced. it was she who first coined the phrase lost generation for those post world war i expatriates. during world war Ⅱ she remained in france, and after the war her paris home became a meeting place for american soldiers. stein s own innovative writing emphasizes the sounds and rhythms rather than the sense of words. by departing from conventional meaning, grammar, and syntax, she attempted to capture moments of consciousness, in-dependent of time and memory. some of her best known works are: three lives(1909), the making of americans (1925), autobiography of alice 13. toklas (1933) (her own autobiography presented as that of her secretary companion).

3. ernest hemingway (19--1961), american novelist and short story writer, one of the great american writers of the 20th century. hemingways fiction usually focuses on people living essential, dangerous lives - soldiers, fisher- men, athletes,

bullfighters -- who meet the pain and difficulty of their existence with stoic courage. his celebrated literary style, influenced by ezra pound and gertrude stein, is direct, terse and often monotonous, yet particularly suited to his elemental subject matter. during world war i he served as an ambulance driver in france and in the italian infantry and was wounded just before his 19th birthday. later, while working in paris as correspondent for the toronto star, he became involved with the expatriate circle surrounding gertrude stein. with the publication of the sun also rises (1926), he was recognized as the spokesman of the lost generation (so-called by gertrude stein). the novel concerns a group of psychologically bruised, disillusioned expatriates living in post-war paris, who take psychic refuge in such immediate physical activities as eating, drinking, travelling, brawling and lovemaking. during the spanish civil war, hemingway served as a correspondent on the loyalist side~ from this experience came his great novel for whom the bell tdls (1940), which, in

detailing an incident in the war, argues for human brotherhood. hemingway fought in world war Ⅱ and then settled in cuba in 1945. his novelette the old man and the sea (1952) celebrates the indomitable courage of an aged cuban fisherman. in 1954, hemingway was awarded the nobel prize in literature. after his expulsion from cuba by the castro regime, he moved to idaho. he was increasingly plagued by ill health and diminishing mental faculties, and in july, 1961, he committed suicide by shooting himself. some of his other well-known works are: a farewell to arms (1929), death in the afternoon (1932), /o have and have not (1937), and such volumes of short stories as men without women (1927),win- her take nothing (1933) and the first forty-nine stories (1938).

Ⅱ .

1.the younger generation of the 1920s were thought to be wild because 1hey visited speakeasies, denouced puritan morality, etc. (see para. 1).

2. yes and no yes because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a younger generation problem, no because all their actions can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of jazz mad youth.

3. yes. youth was faced with the challenge of changing the standards of social behavior, of rejecting victorian gentility. but in america the young people tried to escape their responsibilities and retreat behind and air of naughty alco-holic sophistication and a pose of bohemian immorality.

4. the revolt was logical and inevitable because of the conditions in the age. first of all, the rebellion affected the entire western world. second, people in the united states realized their country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that they could no longer take refuge in isolationism.

5. all the activities mentioned above were means to help the young people to escape their more serious responsibilities of changing society and most young people went in for these activities. it became a general pattern of behavior. 6. the war whipped up their energies but destroyed their naivette. it made them cynical. they could not fit themselves into postwar society so they rebelled and tried to

overthrow completely the gentel standards of behavior.

7. intellectuals and non-intellectuals began to imitate the pattern of life set by those living in greenwich village. these people lived a bohemian and eccentric life. they defied the law and flouted all social conventions. they attacked the war, babbittry, and puritanical gentility.

8. these young intellectuals wanted america to become more sensitive to art and culture, less avid for material gain, and less susceptible to standardization.

9. they emigrated to europe because there they do things better than in the united states where people only care for money and wealth. only in europe will they be able to find remedy for their sensitive minds.

10. they were called the lost generation by gertrude stein because they were troubled and worried and had emigrated to europe. but they were never really lost for they finally returned to america and produced the liveliest, freshest, most stimulating works in americas literay experience.

Ⅲ .

1. the structural organization of this essay is clear and simple. the essay divides logically into paragraphs with particular functions: to introduce the subject (introduction) in paragraph 1, to support and develop the thesis (the body or the middle) in paragraphs 2 through 9, to bring the discussion to an end

(conclusion)in paragraphs 10 and 11.

2. horton and edwards state their thesis in the last paragraph of the essay: the intellectuals of the twenties, the sad young men, as f. scott fitzgerald called them, cursed their luck but didnt die; escaped but voluntarily returned; flayed the babbits but loved their country, and in so doing gave the nation the liveliest, freshest, most stimulating writing in its literary experience.

3. they support their thesis by providing historical material concerning the revolt of the younger generation of the twenties in a series of paragraphs and paragraph units between the introduction and conclusion.

4. yes. each paragraph or paragaph unit develops a new but related aspect of the thought stated in the thesis. frequently the first sentence of these middle paragraphs states clearly the main idea of the material that follows and indi- cates a new but related stage of the developing thought. for example : the rejection of victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable. (paragraph 3). the rebellion started with world war i . (paragraph 5) greenwich village set the pattern. (paragraph 7) meanwhile the true intellectuals were far from flattered. (parageraph 9).

5. the two paragraphs form a single unit. the writers begin .with a clearly stated main idea -- greenwich village set the pattern and use paragraph 1 to explain green- wich village to the reader, following in paragraph2 with sup-porting material showing how the rest of the country imitated life in the village.

6.student s choice.

7.students choice.

Ⅳ.

1.at the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.

2.in any case, an american could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.

3.the war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the victorian social structure.

4.in america at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. they pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.

5.the young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.

6.our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.

7.the young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended.

8.these young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.

9. the returning veteran also had to face prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically

assumed would do good to the people. 10. (under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of america, who were already very tense, had to break down.

11. it was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, babbitry, and puritanical gentility, should come in great numbers to live in greenwich village, the traditional artistic centre.

12. each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.

Ⅴ . see the translation of the text.

Ⅵ.

1. flapper: (americanism) (in the 1920s) a young woman considered bold and unconventional in action and dress

2. provincial: narrow, limited like that of rural provinces

3. code: any set of principles or rules of conduct; a moral code

4. prohibition: the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes~ specifically in the u. s., the period (1920-1933) of prohibition by federal law

5. agent : an active force or substance producing an effect , e.g. , a chemical agent

6. orgy: any wild, riotous, licentious merrymaking; debauchery

7. greenwich village : section of new york city, on the lower west side of manhattan: noted as a center for artists, writers, etc.

8. draft : the choosing or taking of an individual or individuals from a group for some special purpose, especially for compulsory military service

9. distinction: the quality that makes one seem superior or worthy of special recognition

10. action: military combat in general

11. whip up: rouse; excite

12. give: bend, sink, move, break down, yield, etc. from force or pressure

13．burden：repeated，central idea；theme

14．keep up with the joneses：strive to get all the material things one’s neighbors or associates have

15．write off：drop from consideration

Ⅶ．

1．speakeasy：a place where alcoholic drinks are sold illegally，esp．such a place in the u．s．during prohibition

2．sheik：a masterful man to whom women are supposed to be irresistably attracted

3．drugstore cowboy：a western movie extra who loafs infront of drugstores between pictures

4．soap opera：a daytime radio or television serial drama of a highly melodramatic，sentimental nature．it has been so called since many original sponsors were soap companies．

5．babbittry：(after george babbit，title character of a satirical novel(1 922)by sinclair i．ewis)a smugly conventional person interested chiefly in business and social success and

indifferent to cultural values：philistine

6．fast：(adjectl‘ve)living in a reckless，wild，dissipated way

7．boobery：same as babbittry，smug，self—satisfied，conformist in cultural matters

Ⅷ．

1.flourish意为向很理想的状况发展或正处于该状况，即发展的鼎盛时期。boom意为突迅速地蓬勃发展。aggressive—ness在这里指大胆积极的开拓进取。aggression指无故地攻击别人或喜欢争吵。

2.obsolete指废旧的，不再时兴，不再使用的。obsolescent指向废旧转变的，过渡的。

3.warfare泛指打仗或武装冲突。war一方面使用范围较广，可指任何敌对的争斗，如the war against disease，另一方面可用于具体的、个别的作战，如he fought in this war(不能用warfare)。

4.preparedness指有所准备的状态，而preparations则指作准备的行动或过程。

5．recession和depression同为婉转语，指资本主义国家经常出现的经济危机。recession比depression委婉些，而depression又比crisis委婉些。

6．naive指真正的单纯或没有人为的痕迹，但有时又含有愚蠢、缺乏社会知识的意思。innocent指无罪，不会耍花样，或不做、不想不道德的事。

7．ignore意为故意视而不见，有时表现为拒不接受事实。disregard意为不注意或疏忽，常常是有意的。

8．migrate意为从一地区、一国家迁移到另一地区、另一国家。指人时，意为迁往外地定居，指动物时，意为出于气候原因 和食物供给等进行季节性迁移。emigrate和immigrate仅用 于人，emigrate具体指人离开一个国家到另一个国家定居。

Ⅸ．

1．we have become a world power so we can no longer in our action just follow the principles of right and wrong as accepted in our own country。nor can we remain isolated geographically protected by the atlantic and pacific oceans．in other words, the united states can no longer pursue a policy of isolationism．

2．the war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the victorian social structure．

3．the great economic depression which started in the united states in 1 929 brought the young escapists back to their senses and stopped the wild，riotous lives they were living．

4．these young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families．

5．1t was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings

were filled with violent anger against war．babbittry．and “puritanical” gentility，should come in great numbers to live in greenwich village，the traditional artistic centre．

6．many other young people began to intensify and spread this revolt of the young by their own misdeeds—breaking the law and living unconventional lives. the young intellectuals living in greenwich village helped to keep the revolt alive and to spread it throughout the country.

7. these young brothers and sisters did not take part in the war, so they had no feeling of real disillusionment or loss. nevertheless they began to imitate the manners of their elders and live the unconventional and nonconforming lives of those who were rebelling

【篇三：高级英语第二册lesson5课后答案】

younger generation of the 1920s were thought to be wild because they visited speakeasies, denounced puritan morality, etc. (see para. 1).

2. yes and no yes because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a younger generation problem, no because all their actions can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of jazz mad youth.

3. yes. youth was faced with the challenge of changing the standards of social

behavior, of rejecting victorian gentility. but in america the young people tried to escape their responsibilities and retreat behind and air of naughty alcoholic sophistication and a pose of bohemian immorality.

4. the revolt was logical and inevitable because of the conditions in the age. first of all, the rebellion affected the entire western world. second, people in the united states realized their country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that they could no longer take refuge in isolationism.

5. all the activities mentioned above were means to help the young people to escape their more serious responsibilities of changing society and most young people went in for these activities. it became a general pattern of behavior.

6. the war whipped up their energies but destroyed their naivette. it made them cynical. they could not fit themselves into postwar society so they rebelled and tried to overthrow completely the genteel standards of behavior.

7. intellectuals and non-intellectuals began to imitate the pattern of life set by those living in greenwich village. these people lived a bohemian and eccentric life. they defied the law and flouted all social conventions. they attacked the war, babbittry, and puritanical gentility.

8. these young intellectuals wanted america to become more sensitive to art and culture, less avid for material gain, and less susceptible to standardization.

9. they emigrated to europe because there they do things better than in the united states where people only care for money and wealth. only in europe will they be able to find remedy for their sensitive minds.

10. they were called the lost generation by gertrude stein because they were troubled and worried and had emigrated to europe. but they were never really lost for they finally returned to america and produced the liveliest, freshest, most stimulating works in americas literary experience.

Ⅲ .

1. the structural organization of this essay is clear and simple. the essay divides logically into paragraphs with particular functions: to introduce the subject (introduction) in paragraph 1, to support and develop the thesis (the body or the middle) in paragraphs 2 through 9, to bring the discussion to an end (conclusion)in paragraphs 10 and 11.

2. horton and edwards state their thesis in the last paragraph of the essay: the intellectuals of the twenties, the sad young men, as f. scott fitzgerald called them, cursed their luck but didnt die; escaped but voluntarily returned; flayed the babbits but loved their country, and in so doing gave the nation the liveliest, freshest, most stimulating writing in its literary experience.

3. they support their thesis by providing historical material concerning the revolt of the younger generation of the twenties in a series of paragraphs and

paragraph units between the introduction and conclusion.

4. yes. each paragraph or paragraph unit develops a new but related aspect of the thought

stated in the thesis. frequently the first sentence of these middle paragraphs states clearly the main idea of the material that follows and indicates a new but related stage of the developing thought. for example : the rejection of victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable. (paragraph 3). the rebellion started with world war i . (paragraph 5) greenwich village set the pattern. (paragraph 7) meanwhile the true intellectuals were far from flattered. (paragraph 9).

5. the two paragraphs form a single unit. the writers begin with a clearly stated main idea -- greenwich village set the pattern and use paragraph 7 to explain greenwich village to the reader, following in paragraph 8 with supporting material showing how the rest of the country imitated life in the village.

6.student s choice.

7.students choice.

iii. paraphrase

1.at the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.

2.in any case, an american could not avoid casting aside抛弃；废除 its middle-class respectability and affected做作的；假装的 refinement精制；文雅.

3.the war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the victorian social structure.

4.in america at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. they pretended to be worldly-wise老于世故的；精于世故的, drinking and behaving naughtily.

5.the young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because prohibition, by making drinking unlawful, added a sense of adventure.

6.our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.

7.the young people wanted to take part in the glorious adventure before the whole war ended.

8.these young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.

9. the returning veteran also had to face the stupid cynicism of the victorious allies in

versailles who acted as cynically as napoleon did, and to face prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people.

10. (under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of america, who were already very tense, had to break down.

11. it was only natural that hopeful young writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, babbitry, and puritanical gentility, should come in great numbers to live in greenwich village, the traditional artistic centre.

iv. a.

1. speakeasy：a place where alcoholic drinks are sold illegally，esp．such a place in the u．s．during prohibition

2. sheik: a masterful有驾驭力的man to whom women are supposed to be irresistibly attracted

3. flapper: (americanism) (in the 1920s) a young woman considered bold and unconventional in action and dress

4. drugstore cowboy: a western movie extra群众演员 who loafs游荡in front of drugstores between pictures 5. prohibition: the forbidding by law of the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes, specifically in the u. s., the period (1920-1933) of prohibition by federal law

6. orgy: any wild, riotous的；狂欢的, licentious放肆的；放纵的 merrymaking

寻欢作乐; debauchery放荡；纵情酒色

7. soap opera: a daytime radio or television serial drama of a highly melodramatic情节剧的，sentimental nature．it has been so called since many original sponsors were soap companies

8. action: military combat in general

9. whip up: rouse; excite

10. give: bend, sink, move, break down, yield, etc. from force or pressure

11．burden：repeated central idea; theme

12．keep up with the joneses：strive to get all the material things one’s neighbors or associates have

13．write off：drop from从…除去 consideration

b.

1.flourish意为向很理想的状况发展或正处于该状况，即发展的鼎盛时期。roar意为突然迅速地蓬勃发展。aggressiveness在这里指大胆积极的开拓进取。aggression指无故地攻击别人或喜欢争吵。

2.obsolete指废旧的，不再时兴，不再使用的。obsolescent指向废旧转变的，过渡的。

3.warfare泛指打仗或武装冲突。war一方面使用范围较广，可指任何敌对的争斗，如the war against disease，另一方面可用于具体的、个别的作战，如he fought in this war(不能用warfare)。

4. preparedness指有所准备的状态，而preparations则指作准备的行动或过程。

5．recession和depression同为婉转语，指资本主义国家经常出现的经济危机。recession比depression委婉些，而depression又比crisis委婉些。

6．naive指真正的单纯或没有人为的痕迹，但有时又含有愚蠢、缺乏社会知识的意思。innocent指无罪，不会耍花样，或不做、不想不道德的事。

7．ignore意为故意视而不见，有时表现为拒不接受事实。disregard意为不注意或疏忽，常常是有意的。

8．migrate意为从一地区、一国家迁移到另一地区、另一国家。指人时，意为迁往外地定居，指动物时，意为出于气候原因和食物供给等进行季节性迁移。emigrate和immigrate仅用于人，emigrate具体指人离开一个国家到另一个国家定居。

c．

1．we have become a world power so we can no longer in our action just follow the principles of right and wrong as accepted in out own country, nor can we remain isolated geographically protected by the atlantic and pacific oceans. in other words, the united states can no longer pursue a policy of isolationism.

2．the great economic depression which started in the united states in 1929 brought the young escapists back to their senses and stopped the wild，riotous lives they were living．

3．many other young people began to intensify and spread this revolt of the young by their own misdeeds --- breaking the law and living unconventional lives. the young intellectuals living in greenwich village helped to keep the revolt alive and to spread it throughout the country.

7. these young brothers and sisters did not take part in the war, so they had no feeling of real disillusionment or loss. nevertheless they began to imitate the manners of their elders and live the unconventional and nonconforming lives of those who were rebelling against society.

8. america could see and hear nothing except the shining gleam微光；闪光and the ringing sound of the dollar. /the american people are not moved or stirred by anything. they are only conscious of money and wealth.